Publications

TitleAbstractYear
Filter
PMID
Filter
a review and update of animal toxicoses associated with fumonisin-contaminated feeds and production of fumonisins by fusarium isolates.during the 1989 corn harvest season, numerous reports of equine leukoencephalomalacia (elem) outbreaks and a pulmonary edema (ppe) syndrome in swine from several regions of the united states were received by the national veterinary services laboratories (nvsl), ames, iowa. previous and concurrent research linked fusarium moniliforme and fumonisin-contaminated feeds to both diseases. chemical and mycological investigations revealed fumonisin b1 (fb1) concentrations of 20 to 360 ppm in suspect swi ...19921513366
case report and review of resolved fusariosis.erythematous macules, nonpalpable and palpable purpura, and flaccid pustules developed in a 59-year-old man with acute lymphocytic leukemia 8 days after reinduction chemotherapy with cytosine arabinoside and daunorubicin. tissue and blood cultures grew fusarium proliferatum, and a skin biopsy specimen revealed fungal vasculitis. anemia and muscle weakness accompanied the disseminated infection, for which the patient received granulocyte transfusions and amphotericin b, ketoconazole, rifampin, an ...19902203833
production of fumonisins by fusarium moniliforme and fusarium proliferatum isolates associated with equine leukoencephalomalacia and a pulmonary edema syndrome in swine.fumonisin b1 (fb1) and fb2 were isolated from corn cultures of both fusarium moniliforme and fusarium proliferatum. respective concentrations in culture materials of fb1 and fb2 ranged from 960 to 2,350 and 120 to 320 micrograms/g for f. moniliforme and from 1,670 to 2,790 and 150 to 320 micrograms/g for f. proliferatum. thin-layer chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography, and liquid secondary ion mass spectroscopy were used for detection. fumo ...19902285324
serum vitamin a (retinol) reduction in broiler chicks on feed amended with fusarium proliferatum culture material or fumonisin b1 and moniliformin. 19957578467
isolation and characterization of fusaproliferin, a new toxic metabolite from fusarium proliferatum.a new toxic sesterterpene, named fusaproliferin, was purified from corn kernel cultures (120 mg/kg dry culture) of a strain of fusarium proliferatum isolated from corn ear rot in northern italy. the stain, designated item-1494, also produced fumonisin b1 (1.500 mg/kg dry culture) and beauvericin (90 mg/kg dry culture), but not moniliformin. to monitor toxicity, the brine shrimp assay was used throughout the isolation procedure. fusaproliferin had a molecular formula of c27h40o5, and it is the fi ...19957749578
fumonisin b2 in cultured fusarium proliferatum, m-6104, causes equine leukoencephalomalacia. 19948068763
lymphocyte cytotoxicity and erythrocytic abnormalities induced in broiler chicks by fumonisins b1 and b2 and moniliformin from fusarium proliferatum.peripheral blood lymphocytes were isolated from broiler chicks that had ingested feed amended with autoclaved fusarium proliferatum culture material containing fumonisin b1 (fb1), fumonisin b2 (fb2) and moniliformin. lymphocyte viability was determined for birds that were placed on amended rations at day 1 or day 7 of age at three different levels of mycotoxins, ranging from 61-546 ppm fb1, 14-94 ppm fb2 and 66-367 ppm moniliformin. reduction of the tetrazolium salt, mtt [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol- ...19938159217
mortality in broiler chicks on feed amended with fusarium proliferatum culture material or with purified fumonisin b1 and moniliformin.two hundred twenty-eight male chicks (columbia x new hampshire) were given feed amended with autoclaved culture material (cm) of fusarium proliferatum containing fumonisin b1 (fb1), fumonisin b2 (fb2) and moniliformin in 3 separate feeding trials. purified fb1 and moniliformin were given separately and in combination in a fourth feeding trial. birds were given amended rations at day 1 (trial 1 and 4), day 7 (trial 2), and day 21 (trial 3) and their respective ration was given for 28 days (trial ...19938302366
embryopathic and embryocidal effects of purified fumonisin b1 or fusarium proliferatum culture material extract on chicken embryos.one hundred eight fertile eggs (columbia x new hampshire) were assigned to 10 groups of 10 eggs each (2 control groups had 14 eggs each). five groups of eggs were inoculated on day 1 of incubation, while the other 5 groups were inoculated on day 10. the inoculum of the 4 treatment groups on both day 1 and 10 consisted of 1,10, or 100 microm purified fumonisin b1 (fb1) or a culture material extract (cme) of fusarium proliferatum, having known amounts of fb1, fb2 and moniliformin (fb1 20 microm; f ...19938302367
serohematologic alterations in broiler chicks on feed amended with fusarium proliferatum culture material on fumonisin b1 and moniliformin.two hundred twenty-eight male broiler chicks (columbia x new hampshire) were given feed amended with autoclaved culture material of fusarium proliferatum containing fumonisin b1 (fb1) at 61, 193, and 546 ppm, fumonisin b2 (fb2) at 14, 38, and 98 ppm, and moniliformin at 66, 193, and 367 ppm in 3 separate feeding trials (amounts of toxin in each trial, respectively). birds were started on amended rations at days 1, 7, and 21 and continuing for 14 days. of serum chemistry parameters, only glucose ...19958580176
absence of detectable fumonisins in the milk of cows fed fusarium proliferatum (matsushima) nirenberg culture material.fumonisins, a group of mycotoxins produced by the ubiquitous fungi fusarium moniliforme and f. proliferatum, were first identified about eight years ago. they have been shown to cause a variety of health effects in animals, including epidemiological evidence of esophageal cancer in humans. cattle are less sensitive to ill effects than horses and swine. fumonisins are common contaminants of low quality grain fed to cattle. culture material containing fumonisins (fb1, fb2, and fb3) was mixed into ...19968751831
counteracting fusarium proliferatum toxicity in broiler chicks by supplementing drinking water with poultry aid plus.to test whether poultry aid plus (pap, a commercial product for drinking water application) could reduce the stress on broiler chicks caused by fusarium proliferatum contamination of feed, water (with or without pap application, according to the manufacturer's instructions), and feed (experimentally infected with f. proliferatum fermented and dried corn culture material, cm) were provided to broiler chicks for 3 wk. eight treatments consisting of a 2 (with or without pap in water) x 4 (0, 1, 2, ...19979068045
immunohistologic identification of aspergillus spp. and other hyaline fungi by using polyclonal fluorescent antibodies.isolation and identification of pathogenic aspergillus and fusarium spp. from clinical materials provide the most accurate means for establishing a diagnosis of infections by these molds. such efforts, however, are not always successful. histologic diagnosis also has its limitations. in vivo the hyphae of aspergillus and fusarium spp. are very similar and their in situ manifestations are not pathognomonic. to improve the histologic diagnosis of infections by aspergillus and fusarium species, we ...19979276388
characterization of hydroperoxides and carbonyl compounds obtained by lipoxygenase extracts of selected microorganisms.partially purified lipoxygenase (lox) extracts were obtained from fusarium proliferatum, fusarium oxysporum, chlorella pyrenoidosa, and saccharomyces cerevisiae; the enzymatic extract of f. proliferatum showed the highest lox activity while those of f. oxysporum and s. cerevisiae demonstrated only 27.8 and 16.5% of the activity at ph 8.0, and 61.2 and 9.7% of the enzyme activity at ph 10.0, respectively. the lowest lox activity was that in the c. pyrenoidosa extract. the microbial enzymatic prep ...19979301105
correlation of moniliformin, but not fumonisin b1 levels, in culture materials of fusarium isolates to acute death in ducklings.five isolates of fusarium moniliforme and two isolates fusarium proliferatum of the section liseola were each fermented on rice for 21 d at 25 c. each fusarium-fermented rice, when dried and mixed into a poultry diet (10% by weight), caused a varied degree of acute mortality in baby pekin ducklings. the acute (death in less than 48 h) mortality correlated significantly only to the amount of moniliformin in fermented rice, thus in the diet, but not to the amount of fumonisin b1 in fermented rice. ...19989469753
beauvericin production by fusarium species.beauvericin is a cyclohexadepsipeptide mycotoxin which has insecticidal properties and which can induce apoptosis in mammalian cells. beauvericin is produced by some entomo- and phytopathogenic fusarium species (fusarium proliferatum, f. semitectum, and f. subglutinans) and occurs naturally on corn and corn-based foods and feeds infected by fusarium spp. we tested 94 fusarium isolates belonging to 25 taxa, 21 in 6 of the 12 sections of the fusarium genus and 4 that have been described recently, ...19989687479
effect of water activity on hydrolytic enzyme production by fusarium moniliforme and fusarium proliferatum during colonisation of maize.the effect of different water availabilities (water activity, aw; 0.98-0.93) and time (up to 15 days) on the production of seven hydrolytic enzymes by strains of f. moniliforme and f. proliferatum during early colonisation of gamma-irradiated living maize grain were examined in this study. both the total activity (micromol 4-nitrophenol min(-1) g(-1) maize) and specific activity (nmol 4-nitrophenol min(-1) microg(-1) protein) were quantified using chromogenic p-nitrophenyl substrates. the domina ...19989728689
colonisation and competitiveness of aspergillus and penicillium species on maize grain in the presence of fusarium moniliforme and fusarium proliferatum.the effects of different steady-state water activity levels (a(w), 0.93, 0.95 and 0.98) and temperature (15 and 25 degrees c) on colonisation patterns of aspergillus and penicillium spp., when colonising irradiated maize grain in the presence of fusarium moniliforme and fusarium proliferatum were assayed in terms of populations (colony forming units, cfus g grain(-1)), seed infection and colonisation rates. the activity of f. moniliforme and f. proliferatum in grain reduced the presence of asper ...19989924941
polyclonal antibodies against fusaproliferin.fusaproliferin (fp), a toxic metabolite of the world-wide maize pathogens fusarium proliferatum and fusarium subglutinans, was recently found to be a natural contaminant of maize. its toxic activity on haematopoietic human cell lines and its teratogenic effects on chicken embryos has been recently proved. therefore a sensitive, rapid, and inexpensive screening test to detect fp in agricultural commodities is necessary to protect human health. fp-hemiglutarate conjugated to modified bovine serum ...199910349720
excretion of (14)c-fumonisin b(1), (14)c-hydrolyzed fumonisin b(1), and (14)c-fumonisin b(1)-fructose in rats.14c-fumonisin b(1) (fb(1)) was produced by fusarium proliferatum m-5991 in modified myro liquid medium and purified to >95% purity with a specific activity of 1.7 mci/mmol. nine male and nine female f344/n rats were each dosed by gavage with 0.69 micromol of (14)c-fb(1), (14)c-hydrolyzed fb(1), or (14)c-fb(1)-fructose/kg body weight. urinary excretion of (14)c-fb(1) and (14)c-fb(1)-fructose was 0.5% and 4.4% of the total dose, respectively, and was similar between male and female rats. urinary e ...199910552804
fumonisin content in masa and tortillas from mexico.fumonisins, a family of mycotoxins produced by fusarium moniliforme and fusarium proliferatum, are found in maize worldwide and have been associated with animal diseases. there is concern that high dietary intake of a maize-based diet may expose people in mexico and central america to fumonisins. nixtamalized maize products from mexico and the united states were examined to evaluate methods for quantitation of the different forms of fumonisins. the chelating reagent edta (exceeding the calcium c ...199910563942
factors affecting the growth of fusarium proliferatum and the production of fumonisin b1: oxygen and ph.fumonisins are mycotoxins produced primarily by fusarium moniliforme and fusarium proliferatum in corn. in liquid culture, production of fumonisin b1 (fb1), the most common moiety of the family of fumonisins, can be obtained using a defined medium that is nitrogen-limited. under nitrogen-limited conditions both growth and the production of fb1 were greatly influenced by ph and aeration. at ph above 5.0, f. proliferatum grew normally but produced little fb1 (< 100 micrograms m-1). at ph below 5.0 ...19979439006
in-vitro antifungal susceptibility of clinical and environmental fusarium spp. strains.the mics of amphotericin b, miconazole, ketoconazole, flucytosine, itraconazole and fluconazole for 19 isolates of fusarium oxysporum, 16 fusarium solani, seven fusarium verticilliodes, four fusarium proliferatum, four fusarium dimerum, three fusarium equiseti, and one each of the following species: fusarium graminearum, fusarium chlamydosporum, fusarium semitectum, fusarium avenaceum and fusarium subglutinans were determined by a broth microdilution method. thirty-eight of these isolates were o ...19979069536
toxigenic strains of fusarium moniliforme and fusarium proliferatum isolated from dairy cattle feed produce fumonisins, moniliformin and a new c21h38n2o6 metabolite phytotoxic to lemna minor l.corn samples suspected of causing refusal-to-eat syndrome in dairy cattle were examined mycologically. fusarium moniliforme (14 isolates) and f. proliferatum (12 isolates) were the predominant fungi present. these isolates were tested for mycotoxin production on rice at 25 degrees c. each strain of f. moniliforme produced fumonisin b1 (fb1: 378-15,600 ppm) and fumonisin b2 (fb2: 2-1050 ppm). each strain of f. proliferatum produced moniliformin (45-16,000 ppm), fb1 (27-6140 ppm), and fb2 (5-1550 ...200010868338
mold occurrence and aflatoxin b(1) and fumonisin b(1) determination in corn samples in venezuela.fumonisins are mycotoxins produced mainly by fusarium moniliforme and fusarium proliferatum, which have been associated with several animal and human diseases. aflatoxins are hepatotoxic, mutagenic, and teratogenic metabolites produced by aspergillus flavus and aspergillus parasiticus. both have been reported at high levels in corn. this study was pursued to determine mold, aflatoxin b(1) (aftb(1)), and fumonisin b(1) (fb(1)) levels in white and yellow corn. mold levels were determined using pot ...200010898632
structure and absolute stereochemistry of fusaproliferin, a toxic metabolite from fusarium proliferatum.fusaproliferin is a toxic sesterterpene isolated from fusarium proliferatum, a widespread pathogen of cereals. its absolute configuration has been determined by single crystal x-ray diffraction analysis. fusaproliferin is considered to be a sesterterpene with a new ring skeleton having four c = c double bonds and four chiral atoms. the configurations of the four chiral atoms c10, c14, c15, and c19 are (r), (s), (r), and (s), respectively. in the solid state the macrolide shows a concave hydropho ...19968991945
thermal stability of moniliformin at varying temperature, ph, and time in an aqueous environment.moniliformin (mon) is a widely occurring mycotoxin, produced mainly by fusarium proliferatum and fusarium subglutinans in corn, that has been shown to be acutely toxic for various animal species and is a suspected cause of keshan disease in china. the effects of temperature (100, 125, and 150 degrees c) and ph (4, 7, and 9) on the stability of mon were determined in aqueous buffer solutions at processing times ranging from 10 to 60 min. the percentage of mon reduction was positively related to i ...200011079708
water and temperature relations and microconidial germination of fusarium moniliforme and fusarium proliferatum from maize.the effects of water activity (aw, 0.994-0.85 = 0.4-21.0 (-)mpa water potential), temperature (5-42 degrees c), and their interactions on microconidial germination of three isolates each of fusarium moniliforme and fusarium proliferatum were determined in vitro on a maize meal extract medium. temporal germination rates of microconidia of isolates of both species were significantly influenced by both aw and temperature. germination was very rapid at > 0.94 aw with an almost linear increase with t ...19968890481
fumonisin b1 production by fusarium proliferatum strain m5991 in a modified myro liquid medium.fusarium proliferatum strain m5991 cultures were grown in shake flasks containing modified myro (mm) medium (mgso4 reduced to 0.5 g/l) plus 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, or 1.25% (v/v) hot-water and corn-hull-extract (che) for 69 days. after 4 days of incubation, shake flask liquid cultures with 0.75, 1.00, and 1.25% (v/v) che showed a reduction in ph from 6.0 to 2.6 and consumed sucrose at > 6.3 g/l/d. after 69 days of incubation, the same shake flask cultures produced over 7.8 g/l cell mass and o ...19968887947
lack of transforming activity of fumonisin b1 in balb/3t3 a31-1-1 mouse embryo cells.the capacity of fumonisin b1 (fb1) to induce morphological transformation of cultured mammalian cells was assessed using balb/3t3 a31-1-1 mouse embryo cells. fb1 with 90% purity was prepared from fusarium proliferatum grown on whole corn. cell growth was not inhibited by 48 hr of exposure at concentrations up to 1000 micrograms/ml. moderate inhibition was induced by 6 days of exposure. in transformation assays with a 48-hr exposure, increases in transformed foci were observed at some concentrati ...19968883477
occurrence of fusarium and fumonisins on food grains and in foods.fusarium moniliforme sheldon occurs worldwide on corn intended for human and animal consumption. a closely related species fusarium proliferatum also occurs frequently on corn. yellow dent corn, white dent corn, white and yellow popcorn and sweet corn may be contaminated. both organisms are capable of producing fumonisins, including fumonisin b1 (fb1), fumonisin b2 (fb2) and fumonisin b3 (fb3). fumonisins have been found in corn and corn based foods worldwide. fumonisins may be found in sound wh ...19968850603
an exoantigen test for the rapid identification of medically significant fusarium species.the accurate identification of fusarium species can take 2-3 weeks. preliminary exoantigen studies indicate that a mature culture suspected of being a fusarium species may be immunologically identified 48 h after receipt. exoantigen extracts of 10-day-old slant cultures of fusarium chlamydosporum, fusarium moniliforme (= fusarium verticilloides), fusarium oxysporum, fusarium proliferatum and fusarium solani and partially purified reference homologous and heterologous shake culture extracts (6-we ...19958544080
dna damage in astrocytes exposed to fumonisin b1.fumonisins are a group of toxic metabolites mainly produced by fusarium moniliforme and fusarium proliferatum, fungi that commonly occur on corn throughout the world. fumonisin b1 (fb1), structurally resembling sphingoid bases, is an inhibitor of ceramide synthase, a key enzyme involved in de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis and in the reacylation of free sphingoid bases derived from sphingolipid turnover. this inhibitory effect leads to accumulation of free sphinganine (sa) and sphingosine (so), ...200211958538
analysis of fumonisin b(1) in fusarium proliferatum-infected asparagus spears and garlic bulbs from germany by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.fusarium proliferatum is one of a group of fungal species that produce fumonisins and is considered to be a pathogen of many economically important plants. the occurrence of fumonisin b(1) (fb(1)) in f. proliferatum-infected asparagus spears from germany was investigated using a liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (lc-esi-ms) method with isotopically labeled fumonisin fb(1)-d(6) as internal standard. fb(1) was detected in 9 of the 10 samples in amounts ranging from 36 ...200211982398
water activity, temperature, and ph effects on growth of fusarium moniliforme and fusarium proliferatum isolates from maize.the effects of water activity (aw, 0.994-0.90 identical to 0.4-14.0 (-)mpa water potential), temperature (4-45 degrees c), and ph (3.6, 5.5, 7.0), and their interactions on growth of isolates of fusarium moniliforme and fusarium proliferatum were determined in vitro on a maize extract agar medium. growth of two isolates of f. moniliforme and four isolates of f. proliferatum were significantly influenced by water activity regardless of solute type used (nacl, glycerol, or glucose). however, at st ...19958542550
fungicidal activity of essential oils of cinnamomum zeylanicum (l.) and syzygium aromaticum (l.) merr et l.m. perry against crown rot and anthracnose pathogens isolated from banana.to develop a post-harvest treatment system against post-harvest fungal pathogens of banana using natural products.200212180942
fusarium proliferatum culture material alters several production and immune performance parameters in white leghorn chickens.white leghorn cornell k-strain chicks (3 replicates of 16 per pen) were started at day 7 on feed amended with fusarium proliferatum culture material containing fumonisin b1, fumonisin b2, and moniliformin at 61, 10.5, and 42.7 ppm, respectively. observed effects on performance of treated birds included reduced feed conversion at 2 wk, and reduced body weight of males and females up to 6 wk (p < or = .05). splenic, thymic, and liver weights, normalized for body weight, were reduced (p < or = .05) ...19958537614
in vitro sensitivity of medically significant fusarium species to various antimycotics.sixteen isolates belonging to fusarium chlamydosporum (n = 4), fusarium equiseti (n = 1), fusarium moniliforme (n = 2), fusarium oxysporum (n = 3), fusarium proliferatum (n = 1), and fusarium solani (n = 5) were tested against amphotericin b, 5-fluorocytosine, fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, jai-amphotericin b (water-soluble compound), hamycin and amphotericin b combined with 5-fluorocytosine, using antibiotic medium m3, high-resolution broth (ph 7.1), sabouraud's dextrose, and yeast-ni ...19948082411
toxicity of corn culture material of fusarium proliferatum m-7176 and nutritional intervention in chicks.the toxicity of fusarium proliferatum m-7176 cultured on corn (fpc) and nutritional intervention were investigated in baby chicks (new hampshire x single comb white leghorn) in three 2-wk feeding experiments. in experiment 1, 30% fpc decreased weight gain (p < .05) and increased relative heart weight (rhw) (p < .01). experiment 2 included a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of fpc (0 or 30%) and se (0 or 5 mg/kg) and two detached treatments of se (2.5 mg/kg) or thiamin (b1, 25 mg/kg) supplementations ...19948047504
production of beauvericin by a strain of fusarium proliferatum isolated from corn fodder for swine.beauvericin, a cyclodepsipeptide, was produced by cultures of three strains of fusarium proliferatum, m-5991, m-6992, and m-6993, grown on cracked corn. m-5991 produced approximately 1,000-mg/kg levels of fumonisins, moniliformin, and beauvericin.19947986058
purification and properties of an extracellular beta-xylosidase from a newly isolated fusarium proliferatum.an extracellular beta-xylosidase from a newly isolated fusarium proliferatum (nrrl 26517) capable of utilizing corn fiber xylan as growth substrate was purified to homogeneity from the culture supernatant by deae-sepharose cl-6b batch adsorption chromatography, cm bio-gel a column chromatography, bio-gel a-0.5 m gel filtration and bio-gel htp hydroxyapatite column chromatography. the purified beta-xylosidase (specific activity, 53 u/mg protein) had a molecular weight of 91,200 as estimated by sd ...200312835054
identification and enumeration of fusarium species in poultry feed mixtures from slovakia.thirty-three samples of poultry mixed feeds collected in the region of nitra (slovakia) from august 2001-april 2002 were assayed for the incidence of fusarium link: fr. species. in tested samples, the total frequency of isolated fusaria was determined to be 48 % (16 samples) and their counts ranged from 0.2 x 10(2) to 2.4 x 10( 4 ) cfu per g of the sample on dichloran chloramphenicol peptone agar (dcpa). of the total amount of fusarium isolates (609), the highest part (i.e. 584 isolates) was rep ...200312852734
inhibitory effect of cinnamon, clove, lemongrass, oregano and palmarose essential oils on growth and fumonisin b1 production by fusarium proliferatum in maize grain.the effect of cinnamon, clove, oregano, palmarose and lemongrass oils on growth and fb1 production by three different isolates of f. proliferatum in irradiated maize grain at 0.995 and 0.950 aw and at 20 and 30 degrees c was evaluated. the five essential oils inhibited growth of f. proliferatum isolates at 0.995 aw at both temperatures, while at 0.950 aw only cinnamon, clove and oregano oils were effective in inhibiting growth of f. proliferatum at 20 degrees c and none of them at 30 degrees c. ...200314623380
fusarium proliferatum-fermented corn stimulates development of placental glutathione s-transferase-positive altered hepatic foci in female rats.groups of 8 6-w-old female sprague-dawley rats were initiated with 30 mg diethylnitrosamine (den)/kg. control and initiated groups were fed a semipurified diet or diets supplemented with fusarium proliferatum-contaminated corn to contain 20 or 50 mg fumonisin b1 (fb1)/kg. histochemical staining for gamma-glutamyltransferase (ggt) and immunochemical staining for placental glutathione s-transferase (pgst), markers of altered hepatic foci (ahf), were performed on serial frozen hepatic sections. gam ...19957709594
fumonisin b1 is fetotoxic in rats.groups of 5-6 pregnant f344/n rats were dosed (po) from d 8 to 12 of gestation with 30 or 60 mg purified fumonisin b1 (fb1)/kg body weight, or with a fat-soluble extract of fusarium proliferatum/corn culture derived from an amount of corn culture that would provide approximately 60 mg fb1/kg. control rats were dosed with water or corn oil. food intake was monitored daily during dosing. fetal bone development was examined after staining with alizarin red, whereas internal organ development was ex ...19957631492
species diversity of and toxin production by gibberella fujikuroi species complex strains isolated from native prairie grasses in kansas.fusarium species from agricultural crops have been well studied with respect to toxin production and genetic diversity, while similar studies of communities from nonagricultural plants are much more limited. we examined 72 fusarium isolates from a native north american tallgrass prairie and found that gibberella intermedia (fusarium proliferatum), gibberella moniliformis (fusarium verticillioides), and gibberella konza (fusarium konzum) dominated. gibberella thapsina (fusarium thapsinum) and gib ...200415066820
effect of water activity and temperature on growth and fumonisin b1 and b2 production by fusarium proliferatum and f. moniliforme on maize grain.the effect of different water activities (aw, 0.968, 0.956, 0.944, 0.925) and temperature (25 degrees c and 30 degrees c) on colonization and production of fumonisin b1 (fb1) and b2 (fb2) on sterile layers of maize by fusarium proliferatum and f. moniliforme isolates was determined over periods of 6 weeks. generally, both f. moniliforme and f. proliferatum grew faster with increasing aw and best at 30 degrees c. all three isolates produced more fb1 than fb2 regardless of aw or temperature. very ...19957576524
identification of an n-acetyl keto derivative of fumonisin b1 in corn cultures of fusarium proliferatum.a method is presented for the separation and identification of a new n-acetyl keto derivative of fumonisin b1 (fb1) produced in solid corn culture. cultures of fusarium proliferatum (m-1597) were purified using preparative hplc, and the new fumonisin was detected by negative-ion esms. structures were confirmed by 1h- and 13c-nmr spectroscopy. the new fumonisin differs from fb1 in that the tricarballylic acid functionality at the c-15 position of the eicosane backbone is replaced by a ketone and ...19957494146
fumonisin-producing strains of fusarium: a review of their ecophysiology.this review focuses on the fumonisin-producing fusarium species and the ecophysiology of these species. the effects of environmental biotic and abiotic factors on germination, growth, and fumonisin b1 production by fusarium verticillioides and fusarium proliferatum have been investigated under laboratory, field, and storage conditions. an understanding of the factors involved in production of fumonisins is the first step in preventing accumulation of these toxins.200415330553
applicability of the linear arrhenius-davey model to the modelling of the effect of water activty and temperature on the radial growth of fusarium proliferatum and f. moniliforme. 200415560238
successful treatment of fusarium proliferatum pneumonia with posaconazole in a lung transplant recipient.a 62-year-old lung transplant recipient had fusarium proliferatum pneumonia during itraconazole prophylaxis. severe dyspnea and emphysema ensued, requiring supplemental oxygen therapy. therapeutic options for this patient were limited; renal insufficiency and cyclosporine use precluded amphotericin b therapy, and susceptibility testing indicated that itraconazole and fluconazole had poor activity against f proliferatum. treatment with posaconazole, a new triazole in clinical development for the ...200415607679
occurrence of mycotoxin in farro samples from southern italy.the occurrence of nine mycotoxins and of contamination by pre- and postharvest fungal pathogens of cereals was investigated in samples of stored triticum monococcum l., triticum dicoccon schrank (emmer), and triticum spelta l. (spelt). in italy, all three species are collectively referred to as farro. the samples examined were harvested in summer 2000 from eight different sites in southern italy. conventional fluorimetric and diode array-based high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) analys ...200515726990
fusarium proliferatum as an agent of disseminated infection in an immunosuppressed patient.fusarium proliferatum was reported as the agent of a fatal disseminated infection in a child with lymphoblastic leukemia. the fungus has not been reported previously to cause disease in humans, but it is closely related to the known opportunistic pathogen f. verticillioides. it was distinguished by the production of clavate microconidia in chains from proliferating phialides. resistance to amphotericin b and flucytosine in vitro was shown.19883422646
functional characterization of two cytochrome p450 monooxygenase genes, p450-1 and p450-4, of the gibberellic acid gene cluster in fusarium proliferatum (gibberella fujikuroi mp-d).gibberella fujikuroi is a species complex with at least nine different biological species, termed mating populations (mps) a to i (mp-a to mp-i), known to produce many different secondary metabolites. so far, gibberellin (ga) production is restricted to fusarium fujikuroi (g. fujikuroi mp-c), although at least five other mps contain all biosynthetic genes. here, we analyze the ga gene cluster and ga pathway in the closest related species, fusarium proliferatum (mp-d), and demonstrate that the ga ...200515746349
fumonisins in foods from cordoba (argentina), presence and genotoxicity.fumonisins b(1), b(2)yb(3) (fb(1), fb(2)yfb(3)), are a group of toxins produced by different mold species, fusarium moniliforme and fusarium proliferatum being the most important ones. its compounds were tested in chromosome aberrations (ca), sister chromatid exchange (sce), and micronucleus (mn) in human lymphocytes, and, in allium cepa (onion), the chromosomal aberrations (ca) assay was used. moreover, the presence of fumonisins and their producer moulds was determined in different food substr ...200515778008
effect of water activity and temperature on growth and the relationship between fumonisin production and the radial growth of fusarium verticillioides and fusarium proliferatum on corn.the two major fumonisin-producing fusarium species are fusarium verticillioides and fusarium proliferatum. the growth and fumonisin production of these two isolates on corn was studied at water activities (a(w)) between 0.860 and 0.975 and at temperatures between 15 and 30 degrees c. growth rates (g, mm/day) were obtained by linear regression during the linear phase of growth. in general, growth rates for both isolates increased significantly (p < 0.05) with increases in a(w) and temperature. bo ...200515895741
disseminated fusarial infection in the immunocompromised host.a report of the species fusarium proliferatum causing systemic infection in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia is presented, with a review of the clinical and laboratory features relating to outcome in disseminated fusarial infections. thirteen cases of disseminated infection due to fusarium species have been reported, all but one of which were fatal. hematologic malignancy is the commonest underlying illness. the frequent occurrence of multiple skin lesions, orbitofacial involvement, and ...19883060945
successful treatment of disseminated fusarium infection in an immunocompromised child.we report the first know case of disseminated fungal infection due to fusarium proliferatum in a bone marrow transplant recipient to our knowledge. fusarium was cultured from the blood, a paranasal sinus, and necrotic skin lesions. the isolate was sensitive to amphotericin b and on further sensitivity testing, synergy was demonstrated using rifampin in combination with amphotericin b. the patient had this infection while she was receiving alternate-day amphotericin, rifampin, and 5-flucytosine ( ...19902240479
fumonisin b1 production by fusarium species other than f. moniliforme in section liseola and by some related species.strains of fusarium proliferatum, f. subglutinans, f. anthophilum, f. annulatum, f. succisae, f. beomiforme, f. dlamini, f. napiforme, and f. nygamai from a variety of substrates and geographic areas were tested for the production of fumonisin b1 in culture. none of the cultures of f. subglutinans (0 of 23), f. annulatum (0 of 1), f. succisae (0 of 2), or f. beomiforme (0 of 15) produced fumonisin b1 in culture. strains of f. proliferatum (19 of 31; 61%) produced fumonisin b1 in amounts ranging ...19921575501
fusarium species from nepalese rice and production of mycotoxins and gibberellic acid by selected species.infection of cereal grains with fusarium species can cause contamination with mycotoxins that affect human and animal health. to determine the potential for mycotoxin contamination, we isolated fusarium species from samples of rice seeds that were collected in 1997 on farms in the foothills of the nepal himalaya. the predominant fusarium species in surface-disinfested seeds with husks were species of the gibberella fujikuroi complex, including g. fujikuroi mating population a (anamorph, fusarium ...200010698766
fumonisin b1 production by fusarium moniliforme and fusarium proliferatum as affected by cycling temperatures.the effects of temperatures cycling between 5 and 20 degrees c, 10 and 25 degrees c, and 15 and 30 degrees c on the production of fumonisin b1 (fb1) and ergosterol by fusarium moniliforme and fusarium proliferatum on rice was studied. temperatures were cycled at 12-h intervals by manually moving cultures from one temperature to another. constant temperature incubation at 25 degrees c and a low temperature stress were compared with the cycling temperature incubations. low temperature stress was a ...199910606151
two-dimensional profiles of fumonisin b1 production by fusarium moniliforme and fusarium proliferatum in relation to environmental factors and potential for modelling toxin formation in maize grain.this study has examined in detail the effect of temperature (7-37 degrees c) and water availability (water activity, a(w), 0.89-0.97) on fumonisin b1 (fb1) production by an isolate of fusarium moniliforme and f. proliferatum on irradiated maize grain after incubation for 28 days. the optimum conditions for f. moniliforme and f. proliferatum were 30 degrees c at 0.97 a(w) and 15 degrees c at 0.97 a(w), respectively. the maximum concentrations were 2861 mg kg(-1) and 17,628 mg kg(-1) dry wt. maize ...199910574091
colonization of maize grain by fusarium moniliforme and fusarium proliferatum in the presence of competing fungi and their impact on fumonisin production.this study was carried out to determine the effect of water activity (aw) and temperature on the patterns of colonization of maize grain by isolates of fusarium moniliforme and f. proliferatum in the presence of interacting spoilage fungi, such as aspergillus flavus, a. niger, a. ochraceus, and penicillium implicatum, over 4-week incubation periods. the impact that such interactions have on fusarium infection of maize grain and populations and on the production of fumonisins were all evaluated. ...19989829191
restoration of gibberellin production in fusarium proliferatum by functional complementation of enzymatic blocks.nine biological species, or mating populations (mps), denoted by letters a to i, and at least 29 anamorphic fusarium species have been identified within the gibberella fujikuroi species complex. members of this species complex are the only species of the genus fusarium that contain the gibberellin (ga) biosynthetic gene cluster or at least parts of it. however, the ability of fusaria to produce gas is so far restricted to fusarium fujikuroi, although at least six other mps contain all the genes ...200516204516
endophthalmitis caused by fusarium proliferatum.fusarium proliferatum caused endophthalmitis after cataract surgery. diagnosis was established by classical microbiology and molecular biology methods (pcr and dna typing). the treatment with local amphotericin b, oral ketoconazole, and topical natamycin was successful.200516208022
do fumonisin mycotoxins occur in wheat?the fumonisin mycotoxins are mainly produced by the fungi fusarium verticillioides and fusarium proliferatum, which are both field pathogens of maize. the natural occurrence of fumonisins has been verified in maize and a large range of maize-based products in many countries of the world. however, occasional reports have emerged of fumonisins being detected in wheat, despite the main producing fungi not being pathogens of this cereal. an investigation was conducted into a recent report of the nat ...200516277436
inhibitory activity of phosphates on molds isolated from foods and food processing plants.six commercial phosphates were evaluated for inhibition of the growth of 17 molds isolated from food sources. the assays were performed at neutral and natural (without ph adjustment) ph values, and the molds were streaked on plate count agar with added phosphates. phosphate concentrations of 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5% (wt/vol) were used, and the mic was determined. the resistance of molds to phosphates depended on the species. at a neutral ph, aspergillus ochraceus and fusarium proliferatum we ...200516300093
control of growth and fumonisin b1 production by fusarium verticillioides and fusarium proliferatum isolates in moist maize with propionate preservatives.the effect of propionic acid, its sodium salt or a commercial formulation of propionates (0.03, 0.05 and 0.07%), on growth and fumonisin b1 production by fusarium verticillioides and f. proliferatum isolated was evaluated on irradiated maize at different water activities (aw, 0.93, 0.95, 0.98) and temperatures (15, 25 degrees c). the four isolates grew at all aw x temperature treatments in the absence of propionates. at the highest propionate concentration tested (0.07%), however, growth was res ...199910789377
mycotoxin production by fusarium proliferatum isolates from rice with fusarium sheath rot disease.twenty samples of unpolished (rough) rice collected in arkansas and texas during the 1995 harvesting season from fields exhibiting fusarium sheath rot disease or panicle blight were previously shown to include 8 samples positive for fumonisin b1 (fb1) in the range 2.2-5.2 ppm, and moniliformin (mon), but no beauvericin (bea), deoxynivalenol, its derivatives or zearalenone were detected. fifteen cultures of f. proliferatum were established from the 20 rough rice samples. single spore isolates of ...199910967968
primer sets developed to amplify conserved genes from filamentous ascomycetes are useful in differentiating fusarium species associated with conifers.we examined the usefulness of primer sets designed to amplify introns within conserved genes in filamentous ascomycetes to differentiate 35 isolates representing six different species of fusarium commonly found in association with conifer seedlings. we analyzed restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflp) in five amplified pcr products from each fusarium isolate. the primers used in this study were constructed on the basis of sequence information from the h3, h4, and (beta)-tubulin genes in ...199516534991
genetic variation in fusarium section liseola from no-till maize in argentina.strains of fusarium species belonging to section liseola cause stalk and ear rot of maize and produce important mycotoxins, such as fumonisins. we isolated two species, fusarium verticillioides (gibberella fujikuroi mating population a) and fusarium proliferatum (g. fujikuroi mating population d) from maize cultivated under no-till conditions at five locations in the córdoba province of argentina. we determined the effective population number for mating population a (n(e)) and found that the n(e ...200011097907
aflatoxin b1 and fumosin b1 in mixed cultures of aspergillus flavus and fusarium proliferatum on maize.production of aflatoxin b1 and fumonisin b1 in pure and mixed cultures of aspergillus flavus and fusarium proliferatum were determined on irradiated maize seeds inoculated with different spore concentrations at 0.97 water activity (a(w)) and a temperature of 25 degrees c. the highest levels of aflatoxin b1 were produced by a. flavus at the lowest levels of inoculum (10(3) spore ml(-1)). there was no spore concentration influence on fumonisin b1 production after 10, 20 and 35 days of incubation. ...199911122525
the homologue of het-c of neurospora crassa lacks vegetative compatibility function in fusarium proliferatum.for two fungal strains to be vegetatively compatible and capable of forming a stable vegetative heterokaryon they must carry matching alleles at a series of loci variously termed het or vic genes. cloned het/vic genes from neurospora crassa and podospora anserina have no obvious functional similarity and have various cellular functions. our objective was to identify the homologue of the neurospora het-c gene in fusarium proliferatum and to determine if this gene has a vegetative compatibility fu ...200617021201
indirect reduction of ear molds and associated mycotoxins in bacillus thuringiensis corn under controlled and open field conditions: utility and limitations.in 1995, ears of a experimental inbred (cg59-2) containing a synthetic bacillus thuringiensis cry ia (b) gene driven by pepc, pith and pollen promoters and artificially infested with ostrinia nubilalis (hübner) larvae in small plot studies were free from insect damage, whereas 40-50% of the corresponding non-bt inbred ears were damaged. bt inbred ears that were inoculated with aspergillus flavus link and fusarium proliferatum t. matsushima (nirenberg) or exposed to natural mold inoculum after in ...200011142297
significance of physical attachment of fungi for bio-treatment of water.the inhibitory effect of xenobiotics known to damage cell surface structures was studied. the sensitivity of suspended cells of the two fungi candida maltosa and fusarium proliferatum was compared with that of artificial or natural biofilms of these fungi. the results obtained indicate that the resistance of attached cell populations to model xenobiotics is increased compared with suspended cells. only the attached fungal cells had the capacity to degrade acetone and phenol and to adapt to incre ...200111770857
stability of fumonisins in food processing.fumonisins are mycotoxins produced by fusarium verticillioides (moniliforme) and fusarium proliferatum that are found in corn and processed corn-based food products. although generally heat stable, fumonisin concentrations appear to decline as processing temperatures increase. at processing temperatures of 125 degrees c or lower, losses of fumonisin are low (25-30%), whereas at temperatures of 175 degrees c and higher, losses are greater (90% or more). processes such as baking and canning, where ...200211922088
phytotoxic sesterterpene, 11-epiterpestacin, from bipolaris sorokiniana nsdr-011.the structure of siccanol, a phytotoxic sesterterpene of fungal origin, was analyzed after chemical conversion by nmr spectroscopy. siccanol was found to be an epimer of terpestacin that has been isolated from arthrinium sp., and was thus renamed 11-epiterpestacin. its stereochemistry was also identical with that of fusaproliferin, a structurally related mycotoxin from fusarium proliferatum. therefore, this sesterterpene may also be referred to as 24-deacetyl fusaproliferin. the phytotoxicity of ...200212005073
isolation and characterization of the ethynylestradiol-biodegrading microorganism fusarium proliferatum strain hns-1.we cultivated hundreds of sediment, soil, and manure samples taken from rivers and farms in a medium containing ethynylestradiol (ee2) as the sole source of carbon, so that microorganisms in the samples would acclimatize to the presence of ee2. finally, we isolated an ee2-degrading microorganism, designated as strain hns-1, from a cowshed sample. based on its partial nucleotide sequence (563 bp) of the 28s rrna gene, strain hns-1 was identified as fusarium proliferatum. over 15 days, f. prolifer ...200212201100
contamination of pine nuts by fumonisin produced by strains of fusarium proliferatum isolated from pinus pinea.to test the ability of fusarium proliferatum strains isolated from pinus pinea to synthesize fumonisin b(1) (fb(1)) in pine nuts.200717209817
volatile metabolites from salvia fruticosa as antifungal agents in soilborne pathogens.the volatile metabolites of salvia fruticosa plants, growing wild in 15 localities scattered across greece, were analyzed by means of gc and gc-ms. the essential oil content ranged from 0.69 to 4.68%, and the results of the analyses showed a noticeable variation in the amounts of the five main components [1,8-cineole, alpha-thujone, beta-thujone, camphor, and (e)-caryophyllene]. the antifungal activities of the essential oils from two localities, belonging in two different groups of cluster and ...200312744657
potential use of antioxidants for control of growth and fumonisin production by fusarium verticillioides and fusarium proliferatum on whole maize grain.the effect of interactions between two food grade antioxidants butylated hydroxyanisole (bha) and propyl paraben (pp, 100, 200, 500 microg g(-1)) and water activity (a(w), 0.995, 0.98, 0.95) of irradiated maize on lag phase prior to growth, growth rate and fumonisin production by fusarium verticillioides and fusarium proliferatum was evaluated at 25 degrees c. both antioxidants had an effect on growth characteristics, and fumonisin production. however, this was dependent on the dose used and the ...200312745236
occurrence of fumonisins b1 and b2 in portuguese maize and maize-based foods intended for human consumption.fumonisin b(1) (fb(1)) and fumonisin b(2) (fb(2)) are mycotoxins mainly produced by fusarium verticillioides and fusarium proliferatum, which are field pathogens of maize. a survey was conducted on the incidences of fb(1) and fb(2) in both maize and derived products purchased in portugal. the analytical method involved extraction with methanol-water, clean-up by immunoaffinity column and derivatization with naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxaldehyde. determination was carried out by high-performance liqui ...200717454111
isolation and properties of a levo-lactonase from fusarium proliferatum ecu2002: a robust biocatalyst for production of chiral lactones.a fungus strain ecu2002, capable of enantioselectively hydrolyzing chiral lactones to optically pure hydroxy acids, was newly isolated from soil samples through two steps of screening and identified as fusarium proliferatum (matsushima) nirenberg. from the crude extract of f. proliferatum ecu2002, a novel levo-lactonase was purified to homogeneity, with a purification factor of 460-folds and an overall yield of 9.7%, by ultrafiltration, acetone precipitation, and chromatographic separation throu ...200717530243
occurrence of fumonisins b1 and b2 in broa, typical portuguese maize bread.fumonisin b(1) (fb(1)) and fumonisin b(2) (fb(2)) are mycotoxins mainly produced by fusarium verticillioides, and fusarium proliferatum, fungi species most commonly isolated from maize. the natural occurrence of fb(1) and fb(2) in broa, typical portuguese maize bread, was evaluated in 30 samples. twenty five were found positive with levels ranging from 142 to 550 microg kg(-1). the limit established by the european regulations was exceeded by 27% of the samples. the tolerable daily intake for fu ...200717604863
fumonisins production by fusarium proliferatum strains isolated from asparagus crown.the present work deals with the capability for producing fumonisin by fusarium proliferatum strains isolated from asparagus in china. fifty of f. proliferatum strains were randomly selected and incubated on cultures of maize grain and asparagus spear, respectively. fumonisin levels (fb(1) and fb(2)) were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (hplc-esi-ms/ms). the results showed that all 50 strains produced fumonisins in m ...200717629787
fusarium proliferatum superficial suppurative thrombophlebitis.fungi are increasingly recognized as microorganisms causing superficial suppurative thrombophlebitis being managed by aggressive surgical therapy and antifungal agents. we report a case of fusarium proliferatum superficial suppurative thrombophlebitis in an immunocompetent patient with no evidence of systemic infection and who responded to venotomy alone.200312775184
specific detection of the toxigenic species fusarium proliferatum and f. oxysporum from asparagus plants using primers based on calmodulin gene sequences.fusarium proliferatum and fusarium oxysporum are the causal agents of a destructive disease of asparagus called fusarium crown and root rot. f. proliferatum from asparagus produces fumonisin b1 and b2, which have been detected as natural contaminants in infected asparagus plants. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays were developed for the rapid identification of f. proliferatum and f. oxysporum in asparagus plants. the primer pairs are based on calmodulin gene sequences. the pcr products from ...200414757245
fungal pathogens associated with banana fruit in sri lanka, and their treatment with essential oils.the crown rot pathogens isolated from banana samples collected from 12 localities in sri lanka were lasiodiplodia theobromae, fusarium proliferatum and colletotrichum musae. fungal pathogens isolated were able to cause crown rot disease alone or in combination. disease severity was higher when combinations of virulent pathogens were used. cymbopogon nardus and ocimum basilicum oils displayed fungicidal activity against c. musae and f. proliferatum between 0.2-0.6% (v/v) in a poisoned food bioass ...200415008351
fusaproliferin, beauvericin and fumonisin production by different mating populations among the gibberella fujikuroi complex isolated from maize.the production of fumonisins, fusaproliferin and beauvericin by gibberella fujikuroi different mating populations isolated from maize in argentina was evaluated. from 203 strains of fusarium verticillioides (g. fujikuroi mating population a), 193 were fumonisin producers. among members of mating population a, female fertile strains produced 20% more toxin than female sterile ones. among 78 fusarium proliferatum strains (g. fujikuroi mating population d) 65 produced fumonisins. the percentage of ...200415119352
field response of some asparagus varieties to rust, fusarium crown root rot, and violet root rot.research was carried out to evaluate the behaviour of some asparagus genotypes against three most important fungal diseases: 1) asparagus rust caused by puccinia asparagi d.c.; 2) fusarium crown and root rot caused by fusarium oxysporum (schlecht.) f.sp. asparagi (cohen & heald) and fusarium proliferatum (matstush.) nirenberg; 3) violet root rot caused by rhizoctonia violacea tul. the object of this research was also to found an eventual correlation between the plant susceptibility to asparagus ...200315151301
natural occurrence of fusarium and subsequent fumonisin contamination in preharvest and stored maize in benin, west africa.the natural occurrence of fusarium and fumonisin contamination was evaluated from 1999 to 2003 in both preharvest and stored maize produced by small-scale farmers in four agroecological zones of benin. mycological analyses revealed a predominance of both fusarium and aspergillus in maize samples compared to other genera. the two fusarium species most commonly isolated from maize were fusarium verticillioides (68%) and fusarium proliferatum (31%). atypical isolates of f. verticillioides with some ...200515734565
regio- and stereoselective fungal oxyfunctionalisation of limonenes.selective transformations of limonene by asco- and basidiomycetes were investigated. on the shake flask scale, penicillium citrinum hydrated r-(+)-limonene to a-terpineol [83% regioselectivity (rs), more than 80 mg l(-1) product yield], and gongronella butleri catalysed the terminal oxidation to yield perillyl alcohol (60% rs, 16 mg l(-1)). on the laboratory bioreactor scale, penicillium digitatum produced a peak concentration of 506 mg a-terpineol l(-1) in the fed-batch mode, equivalent to a th ...200516042348
fungal mycoflora and mycotoxins in korean polished rice destined for humans.rice samples collected from the republic of korea were analyzed for fungal mycoflora and mycotoxins: fumonisins, ochratoxin a, trichothecenes, and zearalenone. the potential of the fungi to produce each mycotoxin was also examined, so that the fungal isolates associated with mycotoxins occurring in rice could be verified. penicillium citrinum and aspergillus candidus were the most prevalent species infecting the samples, while fusarium proliferatum was found as the dominant fusarium species. och ...200516099315
onychomycosis caused by fusarium proliferatum.fusarium infections in humans are usually opportunistic, but the fungus sometimes infects healthy persons, causing keratomycosis or onychomycosis. onychomycosis is usually caused by f. solani or f. oxysporum. we report the first two cases of onychomycosis caused by f. proliferatum, and discuss methods of diagnosis and effective treatment. nail samples from the two patients were examined by direct microscopy, cultured, and identified morphologically and genetically as f. proliferatum. both patien ...200516120158
production, partial characterization and mass spectrometric studies of the extracellular laccase activity from fusarium proliferatum.benzyl alcohol and starch-free commercial wheat bran were effective inducers of the laccase activity in cultures of fusarium proliferatum (mucl 31970). initial ph value in the cultures was also an overriding factor for increasing its production. by gel permeation high-performance liquid chromatography, the enzyme eluted as an apparently homogeneous peak with a molecular mass of 54 kda, but by isoelectrofocusing, two proteins with pi values of 5.17 and 5.07 were revealed. two different phenoloxid ...200616328443
determination of fumonisins b1 and b2 in portuguese maize and maize-based samples by hplc with fluorescence detection.fumonisins b(1) (fb1) and fumonisin b2 (fb2) are the main members of a family of mycotoxins produced by fusarium verticillioides, fusarium proliferatum, and other fungi species of the section liseola. the present work shows the results of comparative studies using two different procedures for the analysis of fumonisins in maize and maize-based samples. the studied analytical methods involve extraction with methanol/water, dilution with pbs, and clean-up through immunoaffinity columns. two reagen ...200616465502
lignin degradation and modification by the soil-inhabiting fungus fusarium proliferatum.a soil-inhabiting fusarium proliferatum strain was capable of transforming or degrading nonlabeled and (sup14)c-labeled industrial, natural, and synthetic lignin. the mineralization rate per day (expressed as the percentage of added radioactivity recovered as to (sup14)co(inf2)) was maximal during primary metabolism.199716535700
maize (zea mays l.) genetic factors for preventing fumonisin contamination.fusarium moniliforme and fusarium proliferatum are the most frequently isolated fungi from maize (zea mays l.) in spain. both fusarium species produce toxins potentially dangerous for animals and humans, the fumonisins being the most significant of those toxins. white maize is preferred for human consumption, and extra care should be taken to avoid kernel mycotoxin contamination. the objectives of this study were to identify and quantify kernel infection by fusarium spp. and contamination by fum ...200616881725
antifungal activity of lactobacillus paracasei subsp. tolerans against fusarium proliferatum and fusarium graminearum in a liquid culture setting.lactobacillus paracasei subsp. tolerans, isolated from a traditional sourdough bread culture and previously shown to have antifungal activity against fusarium species, was tested for inhibition of growth of fusarium proliferatum m 5991 and m 5689 and f. graminearum r 4053 in a liquid medium setting. this isolate completely inhibited the growth of f. proliferatum m 5689 and m 5991 and f. graminearum r 4053, whereas such growth was not inhibited in the control in a supernatant agar plate assay. wh ...200819044263
early attack and subsequent changes produced in an industrial lignin by a fungal laccase and a laccase-mediator system: an analytical approach.an industrial kraft pine lignin (indulin at, kl) was characterized and treated in both aqueous-buffered media and dioxane to water, either with a partially purified laccase from fusarium proliferatum or with the laccase plus 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic-acid (abts) as mediator. the changes in the lignin after different incubation periods were analyzed through the application of high performance liquid chromatography (hplc), uv-visible (vis) spectroscopy and pyrolysis-gas chro ...200617033774
Displaying items 1 - 100 of 283