| torque teno sus virus (ttv) detection in aborted and slaughterhouse collected foetuses. | the aim of this study was to estimate the presence of torque teno sus virus (ttv) species in pig foetuses in order to assess the possible relationship between swine ttv infection and abortion in swine. a total of 98 abortion cases and foetuses collected from 55 pregnant sows at slaughterhouse were analysed by pcr for the presence of torque teno sus virus 1 (ttv1) and torque teno sus virus 2 (ttv2). all foetuses were necropsied and relevant tissues were collected, pooled, and submitted to dna ext ... | 2010 | 20452011 |
| age-related tissue distribution of swine torque teno sus virus 1 and 2. | torque teno viruses (ttvs) are small, non-enveloped viruses with a circular single-stranded dna genome, belonging to the family anelloviridae. in swine, two genetically distinct species have been identified, torque teno sus virus 1 (ttsuv1) and 2 (ttsuv2). the aim of the present work was to study the tissue distribution of ttsuv1 and ttsuv2 in pigs of different ages, including foetuses at the second and last thirds of gestation, and animals at 5 days and 5, 15 and 24 weeks of age. investigated t ... | 2010 | 20646878 |
| expression of the putative orf1 capsid protein of torque teno sus virus 2 (ttsuv2) and development of western blot and elisa serodiagnostic assays: correlation between ttsuv2 viral load and igg antibody level in pigs. | porcine torque teno virus (ttv) has a single-stranded circular dna genome and is currently classified into a new genus iotatorquevirus with two species in a newly established family anelloviridae. viral dna of both porcine ttv species (ttsuv1 and ttsuv2) has a high prevalence in both healthy and diseased pigs worldwide and multiple infections of ttsuv with distinct genotypes or subtypes of the same species has been documented in the united states and in europe. however, the prevalence of specifi ... | 2011 | 21439334 |
| molecular detection of torque teno sus virus in lymphoid tissues in concomitant infections with other porcine viral pathogens. | in this study, 40 pigs with respiratory and wasting disorders from cuban swine herds were screened by pcr for the presence of ttsuv1, ttsuv2, pcv-2, ppv and csfv in spleen samples. the variability of the porcine ttsuv sequences obtained was investigated by phylogenetic analysis. this study showed for the first time that ttsuv1 and ttsuv2 were present in cuban swine herds. the investigation revealed the following infection rates: ttsuv1 40%, ttsuv2 37.5%, pcv-2 70%, ppv 37.5% and csfv in 52.5%. t ... | 2011 | 21482428 |
| prevalence and age distribution of porcine torque teno sus virus (ttsuv) in the czech republic. | torque teno sus viruses (ttsuv) were detected in the pig population in the czech republic by a nested pcr technique. the prevalence of individual ttsuv was found to be 42.9% (ttsuv1) and 46.7% (ttsuv2). the prevalence for ttsuv 1 and ttsuv2 was determined to be 52.7% and 60.6% in piglets at weaning, 90.9% and 63.6% in gilts, and 75% and 87.5% in sows, respectively. both virus species were detected in 12% of newborn piglets, which suggests possible transplacental transmission. sequencing of sever ... | 2011 | 21484079 |
| a novel rolling circle amplification assay to detect members of the family anelloviridae in pigs and humans. | the study describes a novel rolling circle amplification (rca) assay to detect members of the family anelloviridae from swine and human serum samples. the rca was carried out using short anellovirus (av)-specific primers based on a highly conserved region among available av full-length genomes. then, rca products were used as templates to amplify full-length genomes with an av-specific pcr. amplification products were separated by agarose gel electrophoresis and full-length genomes were isolated ... | 2011 | 21762734 |
| torque teno sus virus 1 and 2 viral loads in postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) and porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (pdns) affected pigs. | torque teno viruses (ttv) are small, non-enveloped viruses with a circular single-stranded dna genome, which are considered non-pathogenic. however, ttvs have been eventually linked to human diseases. ttvs infecting pigs, torque teno sus virus 1 (ttsuv1) and 2 (ttsuv2), have been recently associated to porcine circovirus diseases (pcvd). to get more insights into such potential disease association, the aim of this study was to quantify ttsuv1 and ttsuv2 viral loads in serum of pigs affected by t ... | 2011 | 21719215 |
| expression profile and subcellular localization of torque teno sus virus proteins. | in the present study, the expression, generation and subcellular localization of torque teno sus virus (ttsuv) proteins were characterized in two genetically distinct ttsuv species (ttsuv1 and ttsuv2). following transfection of three ttsuv1 and ttsuv2 full-length open reading frame (orf) (orf1, orf2 and orf3) expression constructs into porcine kidney cells, alternative splice variants encoding new ttsuv protein isoforms were identified for the first time. proteins encoded from orf1 and orf3 were ... | 2011 | 21715596 |
| A multiple SYBR Green I-based real-time PCR system for the simultaneous detection of porcine circovirus type 2, porcine parvovirus, pseudorabies virus and Torque teno sus virus 1 and 2 in pigs. | Multiple viral infections are common in pigs under intensive production conditions. All five of the viruses included in this study are associated with multifactorial diseases that cause significant economic losses in swine farming worldwide. The development is described of a novel multiple real-time PCR system based on the use of SYBR Green I that allows the simultaneous detection and differentiation of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2), porcine parvovirus (PPV), pseudorabies virus (PRV) and Torque t ... | 2012 | 22119629 |
| Lack of effect of piglet vaccination against Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) on serum viral loads of Torque teno sus virus 2 (TTSuV2). | Anelloviruses are small, non-enveloped viruses with circular single stranded DNA, which infect a number of animal species as well as humans. In pigs, two distinct Torque teno sus virus (TTSuV) species have been described so far, being one of them linked to disease occurrence. Specifically, TTSuV2 loads in serum have been found increased in pigs suffering from postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). Since this pathological condition is able to be controlled by means of porcine circovir ... | 2011 | 22189433 |
| Seroprevalence of Torque Teno Sus Virus Types 1 and 2 in Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome-Suspected Pigs and Porcine Circovirus Type 2-Vaccinated Normal Pigs in Southern Japan. | We investigated the seroprevalence rate of Torque teno sus virus types 1 (TTSuV1) and 2 (TTSuV2) in the sera of 38 post weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS)-suspected pigs and 43 porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2)-vaccinated normal pigs on 3 commercial pig farms in southern Japan by using nested polymerase chain reaction. High seroprevalence rate of TTSuVs was observed in both PMWS-suspected pigs (100%) and PCV2-vaccinated normal pigs (90.7%). The seroprevalence rate of TTSuV2 was signifi ... | 2011 | 21873809 |
| Detection of Torque Teno Sus Virus Types 1 and 2 by Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction in Sera of Sows at Parturition and of Their Newborn Piglets Immediately after Birth without Suckling Colostrum, and at 24 hr after Suckling Colostrum. | This study was performed first to clarify the sow-to-fetus transmission pathway of the Torque teno sus virus (TTSuV) types 1 (TTSuV1) and 2 (TTSuV2). For this purpose, detection of TTSuV1 and TTSuV2 (TTSuVs) in sera of 6 sows (Sows 1-6) at parturition and in sera of their newborn piglets immediately after birth without suckling colostrum was performed by nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR). These sows were bred using semen that had tested negative for TTSuVs. In a TTSuV1- and TTSuV2-positive ... | 2011 | 22020148 |
| emerging and re-emerging swine viruses. | in the past two decades or so, a number of viruses have emerged in the global swine population. some, such as porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), cause economically important diseases in pigs, whereas others such as porcine torque teno virus (ttv), now known as torque teno sus virus (ttsuv), porcine bocavirus (pbov) and related novel parvoviruses, porcine kobuvirus, porcine toroviruses (ptov) and porcine lymphotropic herpesviruses (pl ... | 2012 | 22225855 |
| preliminary study of porcine circovirus type 2 and torque teno sus virus coinfection frequencies in brazilian pig herds. | torque teno sus virus (ttsuv) is emergent in swine herds. recent studies have shown an increased frequency of ttsuv2 in porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2)-associated diseases (pcvad), which are endemic in many swine-producing countries, including brazil. coinfection with several other viral and bacterial agents results in an increased incidence of more severe pcvad. given the limited information on ttsuv and pcv2 coinfection, especially in brazilian swine herds, this study made a preliminary estim ... | 2012 | 23277695 |
| increased viral load and prevalence of torque teno sus virus 2 (ttsuv2) in pigs experimentally infected with classical swine fever virus (csfv). | torque teno sus viruses (ttsuvs) are considered non-pathogenic viruses, although lately they have been linked to porcine circovirus diseases, mainly with post weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws). these associations point out a possible pathogenic role of ttsuvs or, alternatively, that ttsuv replication is up-regulated under disease conditions. in order to further explore the association of ttsuvs with disease occurrence, ttsuvs prevalence and viral load were assessed before and after a ... | 2012 | 23274109 |
| detection of torque teno sus virus 1 and 2 in tissues from stillborn piglets delivered by sows via natural farrowing. | we detected torque teno sus virus 1 and 2 (ttsuv1 and ttsuv2) in tissue samples from 18 stillborn piglets using nested polymerase chain reaction. the detection rates of ttsuv1 and ttsuv2 were 78% and 50%, respectively, with 83% of the stillborn piglets positive for ttsuv1 or ttsuv2. ttsuv1 was detected highest in the liver (72%) followed by heart (56%), spleen (38%) and tonsils (38%) while ttsuv2 was detected highest in the tonsils (38%) followed by liver (33%), spleen (25%), and heart (17%). th ... | 2012 | 23271185 |
| retrospective analysis of bacterial and viral co-infections in pneumocystis spp. positive lung samples of austrian pigs with pneumonia. | aim of this study was the retrospective investigation of viral (porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), torque teno sus virus type 1 and 2 (ttsuv1, ttsuv2)) and bacterial (bordetella bronchiseptica (b. b.), mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (m. h.), and pasteurella multocida (p. m.)) co-infections in 110 pneumocystis spp. positive lung samples of austrian pigs with pneumonia. fifty-one % were positive for pcv2, 7% for prrsv, 22% for ttsuv1, 48% for t ... | 2016 | 27428002 |
| molecular detection of torque teno sus virus and coinfection with african swine fever virus in blood samples of pigs from some slaughterhouses in nigeria. | torque teno sus virus 1 (ttsuv1a/ttsuv1b) infection is present in pig herds worldwide. this study investigated the prevalence of ttsuv1a/ttsuv1b infections in domestic pigs from some slaughterhouses in nigeria as well as coinfection with african swine fever virus (asfv) and described the phylogeny in relation to global strains. one hundred and eighty-one (181) blood samples from four slaughterhouses were used for the study and viral nucleic acid detection was carried out by pcr. comparative sequ ... | 2016 | 27833640 |
| viral metagenomic analysis of bushpigs (potamochoerus larvatus) in uganda identifies novel variants of porcine parvovirus 4 and torque teno sus virus 1 and 2. | as a result of rapidly growing human populations, intensification of livestock production and increasing exploitation of wildlife habitats for animal agriculture, the interface between wildlife, livestock and humans is expanding, with potential impacts on both domestic animal and human health. wild animals serve as reservoirs for many viruses, which may occasionally result in novel infections of domestic animals and/or the human population. given this background, we used metagenomics to investig ... | 2012 | 22967311 |
| molecular investigation of torque teno sus virus in geographically distinct porcine breeding herds of sichuan, china. | torque teno sus virus (ttsuv), infecting domestic swine and wild boar, is a non-enveloped virus with a circular, single-stranded dna genome. which has been classified into the genera iotatorquevirus (ttsuv1) and kappatorquevirus (ttsuv2) of the family anelloviridae. a molecular study was conducted to detect evidence of a phylogenic relationship between these two porcine ttsuv genogroups from the sera of 244 infected pigs located in 21 subordinate prefectures and/or cities of sichuan. | 2013 | 23705989 |
| analysis of ttsuv1b antibody in porcine serum and its correlation with four antibodies against common viral infectious diseases. | the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the correlation between torque teno sus virus 1b (ttsuv1b) infection and other viral infections or vaccine immunization in conventional pigs. | 2015 | 26260234 |
| [metagenomics-based detection of swine viruses]. | extreme varieties of viruses exist in the environment and animals, some of which are unknown. however, many unknown viruses are barely detected by means of conventional virus isolation and pcr assay. | 2013 | 23627112 |
| vaccination of pigs reduces torque teno sus virus viremia during natural infection. | anelloviruses are a group of single-stranded circular dna viruses infecting several vertebrate species. four species have been found to infect swine, namely torque teno sus virus (ttsuv) 1a and 1b (ttsuv1a, ttsuv1b; genus iotatorquevirus), ttsuvk2a and ttsuvk2b (genus kappatorquevirus). ttsuv infection in pigs is distributed worldwide, and is characterized by a persistent viremia. however, the real impact, if any, on the pig health is still under debate. in the present study, the impact of pig i ... | 2015 | 26051513 |
| [serological tests of the truncated ttsuv2 orf1 recombinant proteins with the porcine sera]. | we studied the serological response between the special regions on the torque teno sus virus 2 (ttsuv2) orf1 coded protein and the porcine sera from conventional pigs. | 2015 | 25958704 |
| detection and characterisation of novel bocavirus (genus bocaparvovirus) and gastroenteritis viruses from asymptomatic pigs in ireland. | livestock animals have been the assumed source of several human epidemics in recent years, for example, influenza h1n1, rotavirus g8/g9, and mers-cov. surveillance of novel viruses in animals is essential to evaluate the risk to human and animal health and to determine any economic impact, for example, failure to thrive. there is a paucity of data regarding detection and characterisation of gastroenteritis viruses, particularly novel viruses, in porcines in ireland. recently, a number of small n ... | 2015 | 26065833 |
| clinical aspects and weight gain reduction in swine infected with porcine circovirus type 2 and torque teno sus virus in brazil. | simultaneous porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv-2) and torque teno sus virus (ttsuv) infections have been reported around the world, generally linked to severe infections. in the present study, 257 swine plasma samples from 31 swine herds located in brazil, were pcr screened for pcv-2 and ttsuv-1/2 and correlated with clinical data. pcv-2 was detected in 25%, followed by 38.1% and 42.4% of ttsuv-1 and ttsuv-2, respectively. co-infections of two or three viruses were found in 32.3% of samples. pcv-2 ... | 2016 | 27771061 |
| the pathogenic role of torque teno sus virus 1 and 2 and their correlations with various viral pathogens and host immunocytes in wasting pigs. | the pathogenic role of torque teno sus virus (ttsuv) in swine is controversial among different studies. the present study intended to evaluate the potential pathogenicity of ttsuv based on its correlations with the histopathological changes, various common concurrently infected viral pathogens including porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), and porcine parvovirus (ppv), as well as changes in the distribution and population of host immunocy ... | 2015 | 26390821 |
| prevalence of the novel torque teno sus virus species k2b from pigs in the united states and lack of association with post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome or mulberry heart disease. | the family anelloviridae includes a number of viruses infecting humans (torque teno viruses, ttv) and other animals including swine (torque teno sus viruses, ttsuv). two genetically distinct ttsuv species have been identified from swine thus far (ttsuv1 and ttsuvk2), although their definitive association with disease remains debatable. in 2012, a novel ttsuv species was identified from commercial swine serum and classified in the genus kappatorquevirus as ttsuvk2b. the other kappatorquevirus spe ... | 2016 | 27878979 |
| viral metagenomics analysis demonstrates the diversity of viral flora in piglet diarrhoeic faeces in china. | to investigate the diversity of viral flora, we used metagenomics to study the viral communities in a pooled faecal sample of 27 diarrhoeic piglets from intensive commercial farms in china. the 15 distinct mammalian viruses identified in the pooled diarrhoeic sample were, in order of abundance of nucleic acid sequence, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), sapovirus, porcine bocavirus-4 (pbov-4), sapelovirus, torovirus, coronavirus, pbov-2, stool-associated single-stranded dna virus (poscv), a ... | 2014 | 24718833 |
| torque teno sus virus 1 and 2 distribution in tissues of porcine circovirus type 2-systemic disease affected and age-matched healthy pigs. | the present work was aimed to investigate the torque teno sus virus 1 and 2 (ttsuv1 and 2) loads of different tissues of pigs affected by porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2)-systemic disease (pcv2-sd) and healthy age-matched ones. a total of 20 pigs (10 healthy and 10 diagnosed as pcv2-sd) were chosen for the study. from each pig, a total of 7 tissues were analyzed, including lung, kidney, liver, ileum, bone marrow, and mesenteric and mediastinal lymph nodes. ttsuv 1 and 2 were quantified by means ... | 2013 | 23395293 |
| presence of torque teno sus virus in porcine circovirus type 2-associated disease in croatia. | torque teno virus (ttv) is ubiquitous and species-specific, and two different ttv species, torque teno sus virus 1 (ttsuv1) and torque teno sus virus 2 (ttsuv2), have been described in domestic pigs and wild boars. whether these two species are involved in clinical cases of porcine circovirus type 2-associated disease (pcvds) remains unknown. this study investigates the presence of ttsuv in 85 fetuses, pigs and wild boars infected by pcv2 and affected by pcvds other than postweaning multisystemi ... | 2012 | 23104589 |
| serological profile of torque teno sus virus species 1 (ttsuv1) in pigs and antigenic relationships between two ttsuv1 genotypes (1a and 1b), between two species (ttsuv1 and -2), and between porcine and human anelloviruses. | the family anelloviridae includes human and animal torque teno viruses (ttvs) with extensive genetic diversity. the antigenic diversity among anelloviruses has never been assessed. using torque teno sus virus (ttsuv) as a model, we describe here the first investigation of the antigenic relationships among different anelloviruses. using a ttsuv genotype 1a (ttsuv1a) or ttsuv1b enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) based on the respective putative orf1 capsid antigen and ttsuv1-specific real-t ... | 2012 | 22811540 |
| detection of torque teno sus virus in pork bile and liver sausages. | torque teno viruses (ttv) are small dna viruses widespread among humans and pigs. the clinical significance of ttv infections in either humans or pigs is uncertain. in fact, ttv viremia is highly prevalent in patients with different pathologies, but it can also be frequently observed in healthy subjects. virus infection in pigs is considered a putative cofactor in several diseases; despite being detected frequently in healthy animals, its role still remains unknown. the present study aimed to in ... | 2016 | 27294982 |
| nonstructural proteins of torque teno sus virus 2 from o2aug: prediction to experimental validation. | the expression profiles of nonstructural proteins (nsps) in torque teno sus virus 2 (ttsuv2) have not yet been characterized. here, we determined the coding sequences of the ttsuv2 nsps orf2, orf2/2, and orf2/2/3 by overlapping polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and subsequent expression in bacterial and mammalian cells. we generated two monoclonal antibodies (mabs), 2e5 and 6f8, from mice immunized with mixed escherichia coli expressing his-tagged orf2 and orf2/2. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ... | 2013 | 24091363 |
| [detection of porcine circovirus type 2 and torque-teno-sus-virus 1 and 2 in semen of boars from an austrian artificial insemination centre]. | objective: porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv-2) and torque-teno-sus- viruses (ttsuv) are ubiquitous in all pig-producing countries. both pathogens are transmitted horizontally as well as vertically, and semen could be an important means of transmission. aim of this study was the investigation of the prevalence of these two viruses in boar semen. material and methods: single semen samples from 100 boars from an artificial insemination centre were analysed by quantitative real time pcr for pcv2 an ... | 2011 | 22138827 |
| comparison of torque teno sus virus (ttsuv) viral load in porcine circovirus type 2 vaccinated and non-vaccinated pig herds. | torque teno sus virus (ttsuv) viral load in accordance with the porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) infection and age of two pig herds was determined. a total of 100 and 155 piglets from two farms were divided into two groups. half of the piglets from each farm were given a commercial vaccine against pcv2 (vaccinated group), and the remaining piglets were used as a control group (non-vaccinated group). an early onset and a chronic viremic state of ttsuv genogroups were present regardless of the pcv ... | 2011 | 22112638 |
| Histopathological investigation in porcine infected with torque teno sus virus type 2 by inoculation. | ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Porcine torque teno sus virus (TTSuV) is a small icosahedral and non-enveloped virus which contains a single-stranded (ssDNA), circular and negative DNA genome and infects mainly vertebrates and is currently classified into the 'floating' genus Anellovirus of Circoviridae with two species. Viral DNA of both porcine TTSuV species has a high prevalence in both healthy and diseased pigs worldwide and multiple infections of TTSuV with distinct genotypes or subtypes of the same ... | 2011 | 22171963 |
| Infection Dynamics of Torque Teno Sus Virus Types 1 and 2 in Serum and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. | This study was carried out to investigate the presence of Torque teno sus virus types 1 (TTSuV1) and 2 (TTSuV2) in a longitudinally (14 to 150 days of age) collected paired pooled sera (pSE) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pPBMCs) using nested polymerase chain reaction. The detection rate of TTSuV1 in pSE increased from 14 to 90 days of age, but a progressive decline was observed from 120 to 150 days of age, while in pPBMC, a high value was maintained till the end of growing-finishing pe ... | 2011 | 22123304 |
| dynamics of torque teno sus virus 1 (ttsuv1) and 2 (ttsuv2) dna loads in serum of healthy and postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) affected pigs. | torque teno viruses (ttvs) are vertebrate infecting, small viruses with circular single stranded dna, classified in the anelloviridae family. in pigs, two different ttv species have been described so far, torque teno sus virus 1 (ttsuv1) and 2 (ttsuv2). ttsuvs have lately been linked to postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws). in the present study, ttsuv1 and ttsuv2 prevalence and dna loads in longitudinally collected serum samples of healthy and pmws affected pigs from spanish convent ... | 2011 | 21680113 |
| torque teno sus virus (ttsuv) in cell cultures and trypsin. | torque teno sus virus (ttsuv), a member of the family anelloviridae, is a single-stranded, circular dna virus, widely distributed in swine populations. presently, two ttsuv genogroups are recognized: torque teno sus virus 1 (ttsuv1) and torque teno sus virus 2 (ttsuv2). ttsuv genomes have been found in commercial vaccines for swine, enzyme preparations and other drugs containing components of porcine origin. however, no studies have been made looking for ttsuv in cell cultures. in the present st ... | 2011 | 21407810 |
| genetic variability and phylogeny of torque teno sus virus 1 (ttsuv1) and 2 (ttsuv2) based on complete genomes. | thirteen genomes of torque teno sus virus 1 (ttsuv1) and 2 (ttsuv2) were obtained to examine the diversity and evolution of swine ttvs. despite the low nucleotide identity reported, the genomic organization and transcriptional profiles of ttvs are similar. the nucleotide diversity for ttsuv1 was higher than ttsuv2, and the pattern of mutation among the orfs was also different. phylogenetic and genetic analyses support the proposed division of ttv into two species. ttsuv1 showed high levels of va ... | 2011 | 20833485 |
| torque teno sus virus in pigs: an emerging pathogen? | the newly established family anelloviridae includes a number of viruses infecting humans (torque teno viruses) and other animal species. the ones infecting domestic swine and wild boar are nowadays named torque teno sus viruses (ttsuv), which are small circular single-stranded dna viruses highly prevalent in the pig population. so far, two genetically distinct ttsuv species are infecting swine. both ttsuvs appear to efficiently spread by vertical and horizontal transmission routes; in fact, foet ... | 2012 | 22252126 |
| detection of torque teno sus virus 1 and 2 in porcine tissues by in situ hybridization using multi-strained pooled probes. | porcine torque teno sus virus (ttsuv) has been suggested as a co-factor for the development of porcine circovirus-associated diseases. however, the pathogenic role of ttsuv is still inconclusive, and the target cell and tissue tropism of this virus are also ambiguous. in the present study, a multi-strained pooled probe-based in situ hybridization was established to detect the nucleic acids of ttsuv1 and ttsuv2 in the tissue. the strategy of using polymerase chain reaction-derived digoxigenin-lab ... | 2014 | 24984843 |
| identification of two new antigen epitopes on the putative capsid protein encoded by torque teno sus virus type 1 orf1. | torque teno sus virus type 1 (ttsuv1) orf1 is considered to encode the viral capsid (cap) protein, which is crucial for the induction of ttsuv1-specific antibodies and protective immunity in the host. eight monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against the cap protein were generated and biologically characterized. the immunoreactivity of the cap protein expressed in transfected 293t cells for these mabs was determined with an immunoperoxidase monolayer assay. the antigen epitopes of the cap prot ... | 2013 | 24172766 |
| functional characterization of a new promoter isolated from torque teno sus virus 1. | torque teno sus virus 1 (ttsuv1) has a non-enveloped, single-stranded, negative-sense circular dna genome, and it is widely distributed in pigs. open reading frame 1 (orf1) of ttsuv1 can be transcribed into mrna and then translated into protein; however, its promoter has not yet been identified. we used a dual-luciferase reporter system, involving pgl3-basic and prl-tk, to identify the promoter of ttsuv1 orf1. our results revealed that the sequence between nucleotides 196 and 525 promoted the tr ... | 2016 | 26526149 |
| molecular detection and genomic characterization of torque teno sus virus 1 and 2 from domestic pigs in central china. | in the present study, torque teno sus viruses (ttsuvs) were detected in tissue and blood samples obtained from domestic pigs in central china, and complete genomes of ttsuvs were characterized. a total of three tissue samples (3/20, 15 %) from post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome-affected pigs and 30 blood samples (30/40, 75 %) from healthy pigs were positive for torque teno sus virus 1 (ttsuv1) and/or 2 (ttsuv2). two ttsuv strains (ttv1hn54 and ttv2hn93) comprising 2,794 and 2,875 nucleo ... | 2013 | 23468229 |
| natural infection with torque teno sus virus 1 (ttsuv1) suppresses the immune response to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) vaccination. | to evaluate the effect of natural infection with ttsuv1 on the antibody response to vaccination with prrs vaccine and clinical signs when co-infected with virulent prrsv, 15 4-week-old ttsuv1-positive piglets and 20 ttsuv1-negative piglets were selected by pcr from two pig farms in jiangsu province. ttsuv1-negative pigs were divided into four groups, and ttsuv1-positive pigs were divided into three groups. experimental pigs were vaccinated with a prrsv modified live virus (mlv) at 6 weeks of age ... | 2012 | 22327391 |
| development and validation of a 4-plex antibody assay for simultaneous detection of igg antibodies against torque teno sus virus 1 (ttsuv1), ttsuv2, and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus types 1 and 2. | a fluorescent microbead-based immunoassay (fmia) for simultaneous detection of igg antibodies against torque teno sus virus 1 (ttsuv1), ttsuv2, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus type 1 (prrsv-1) and prrsv-2 was developed. serum samples were obtained over time from 20 pigs. twelve of 20 were exposed to ttsuv2 on day 0, 20/20 were vaccinated with a prrsv-2 vaccine on day 35, and 20/20 were exposed to prrsv-2 on day 63. anti-ttsuv antibodies were detected in 30% of the pigs on day ... | 2014 | 24650623 |
| detection and distribution of torque teno sus virus 1 in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus positive/negative pigs. | to investigate the detection rate and distribution of torque teno sus virus 1 (ttsuv1) in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) positive/negative pigs, 2384 pathological tissues samples collected from 6 provinces of eastern china from 2010 to 2013 were amplified using previously published prrsv and ttsuv1 primers. the presence and viral load of ttsuv1 were investigated in a wide range of samples from 5 prrsv positive/negative 4-week-old pigs by real-time taqman pcr. ttsuv1 ... | 2014 | 24970361 |
| detection of a porcine boca-like virus in combination with porcine circovirus type 2 genotypes and torque teno sus virus in pigs from postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws)-affected and non-pmws-affected farms in archival samples from great britain. | in this study we detail the detection and genetic analysis of a novel porcine boca-like virus (pbo-likev) in archival sera and tissue samples from pigs from farms in great britain. we also investigate the distribution of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) genotypes and torque teno sus virus (ttsuv) genogroups 1 and 2 in combination with this novel pbo-likev. pbo-likev was detected in over 70% of all tissues investigated. over 24% of all tissues recovered from pmws-affected animals had all viruses ... | 2013 | 23578709 |
| torque teno sus virus (ttsuv) in tissues of pigs and its relation with the occurrence of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. | torque teno sus virus (ttsuv) is a member of the recently created family anelloviridae. two distinct species of ttsuvs, 1 (ttsuv1) and 2 (ttsuv2) have been reported so far in domestic pigs and wild boars. although ttsuvs have not been clearly linked to any specific disease of pigs, a relation between ttsuv infections and postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) has been suggested. to examine further this possibility, the present study was conducted in search for ttsuv1 and ttsuv2 genome ... | 2013 | 23783757 |
| high prevalence of torque teno sus virus in china and genetic diversity of the 5' non-coding region. | members of the family anelloviridae are emerging circular dna viruses infecting many species of vertebrates including pigs. to date, members of two distinct genera, iotatorquevirus, including torque teno sus virus 1a and torque teno sus virus 1b (ttsuv1a and ttsuv1b), and kappatorquevirus, including torque teno sus virus k2a and torque teno sus virus k2b (ttsuvk2a and ttsuvk2b), have been identified in domestic pigs and wild boars. the goal of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and geneti ... | 2013 | 23435953 |
| preliminary epitope mapping of torque teno sus virus 1 and 2 putative capsid protein and serological detection of infection in pigs. | the aim of this work is to identify antigenic regions within the orf1 protein of torque teno sus virus 1 (ttsuv1) and torque teno virus sus 2 (ttsuv2) that could be used as antigens to detect virus-specific antibodies following infection in pigs. protein sequences of ttsuv orf1 genes were analysed to predict linear antigenic epitopes. synthesized peptides were analysed for serological reactivity with swine sera. such an antigenic region was identified at the c terminus of the orf1 protein of bot ... | 2013 | 23407420 |
| torque teno sus virus infection in suckling piglets from brazilian pig herds. | torque teno sus virus (ttsuv) is responsible for the infection of pig herds around the world. the aim of this study was to analyse the presence of natural infection by both species of ttsuv in suckling piglets from major pig-producing regions of brazil. faecal samples (n = 135) from 1 to 3-week-old suckling piglets from the southern, southeast and midwest regions of brazil were analysed by pcr assay to detect ttsuv1 and 2. ttsuv1 and 2 dna was identified in 65 (48.1 %) and 23 (17 %) of piglet fa ... | 2012 | 22532076 |
| rescue of a porcine anellovirus (torque teno sus virus 2) from cloned genomic dna in pigs. | anelloviruses are a group of single-stranded circular dna viruses infecting humans and other animal species. animal models combined with reverse genetic systems of anellovirus have not been developed. we report here the construction and initial characterization of full-length dna clones of a porcine anellovirus, torque teno sus virus 2 (ttsuv2), in vitro and in vivo. we first demonstrated that five cell lines, including pk-15 cells, are free of ttsuv1 or ttsuv2 contamination, as determined by a ... | 2012 | 22491450 |
| phylogeny, spatio-temporal phylodynamics and evolutionary scenario of torque teno sus virus 1 (ttsuv1) and 2 (ttsuv2) in wild boars: fast dispersal and high genetic diversity. | torque teno sus viruses (ttsuv1-2), members of the newly established family anelloviridae are considered non-pathogenic emerging viral agents of suidae species. however, the genetic diversity, phylogeny and evolutionary processes responsible for the emergence and spread of ttsuvs in wild boars remain poorly understood. here we implemented phylogenetic and evolutionary analyses to address key questions on the genetic diversity, evolutionary scenario and spatio-temporal dynamics of emerging ttsuvs ... | 2013 | 23850440 |
| synonymous codon usage in ttsuv2: analysis and comparison with ttsuv1. | two species of the dna virus torque teno sus virus (ttsuv), ttsuv1 and ttsuv2, have become widely distributed in pig-farming countries in recent years. in this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of synonymous codon usage bias in 41 available ttsuv2 coding sequences (cds), and compared the codon usage patterns of ttsuv2 and ttsuv1. ttsuv codon usage patterns were found to be phylogenetically conserved. values for the effective number of codons (enc) indicated that the overall extent of ... | 2013 | 24303050 |
| torque teno sus virus 1 (ttsuv1) and 2 (ttsuv2) viral loads in serum of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws)-affected and healthy pigs in brazil. | associations between torque teno sus viruses (ttsuvs) and the occurrence of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) have been reported with controversial results. currently, no studies have been performed comparing simultaneously viral loads of ttsuvs and pcv2. to examine the role for ttsuvs in pmws-affected animals, a sybr green-based quantitative pcr (qpcr) was designed to detect and quantify ttsuv1, ttsuv2 and pcv2 genomes in swine sera. ttsuv1 genome loads were significantly higher ... | 2015 | 26267087 |
| full genome sequences of torque teno sus virus strains that coinfected a pig with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in japan: implications for genetic diversity. | we determined the complete genome sequences of torque teno sus viruses (ttsuvs) detected in pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) and in healthy pigs in japan. unexpectedly, we found coinfection of a pmws-affected pig in japan with one strain of ttsuv1, five strains of ttsuv2, and one strain of pcv2. full-genome sequencing of each of these strains, followed by phylogenetic analysis, revealed broad genetic diversity in the ttsuv2 strains infecting the pmws-affected pig. thes ... | 2015 | 26335893 |
| development of an indirect elisa assay for the detection of igg antibodies against the orf1 of torque teno sus viruses 1 and 2 in conventional pigs. | torque teno sus viruses (ttsuv, family anelloviridae) cause long lasting and persistent infection in pigs under subclinical scenarios, and are potentially linked to several economically important swine diseases. currently, little is known about swine immune response against ttsuv infections. in this study, an elisa assay was developed based on the orf1-a recombinant protein of two known ttsuvs, namely ttsuv1 (genus iotatorquevirus) and ttsuv2 (genus kappatorquevirus). the assay was used to study ... | 2015 | 26358897 |
| the prevalence of torque teno sus virus (ttsuv) is common and increases with the age of growing pigs in the united states. | infection with the torque teno sus virus (ttsuv) is believed to be common yet limited information is available on the epidemiology of ttsuv. the objectives of this study were to develop novel and improve existing diagnostic methods for ttsuv infection and to investigate the prevalence of ttsuv species 1 (ttsuv1) and 2 (ttsuv2) in the usa. three hundred and four blood or fetal thoracic fluid samples were collected from pigs on 40 us farms in 12 states. samples were collected from fetuses and in p ... | 2012 | 22484614 |
| molecular detection of torque teno sus virus from tissues samples of sick pigs in china. | in the present study, torque teno sus virus (ttsuv) was detected from different tissues, stool and serum samples of 25 sick pigs. the total prevalence of ttsuv1 and ttsuv2 were 64% (16/25) and 28% (7/25), 24% (6/25) were co-infected with both ttsuv1 and ttsuv2. the prevalence of ttsuv infection in spleen is a slightly higher, with positive rates of 52% (13/25) for ttsuv1 and 24% (6/25) for ttsuv2. phylogenetic analysis of ttsuv1 showed that 21 isolates were distributed into two clusters (genotyp ... | 2012 | 22361032 |
| first time molecular detection and phylogenetic relationships of torque teno sus virus 1 and 2 in domestic pigs in uganda: further evidence for a global distribution. | torque teno sus virus 1 (ttsuv1) and 2 (ttsuv2) are small, single-stranded circular dna viruses belonging to the anelloviridae family. available studies clearly show that both viruses are widely distributed in the pig populations in america, europe and asia, although the impact of the infection is still unclear. currently, the situation in domestic pig populations on the african continent is not known. therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the possible presence of the two viruses i ... | 2012 | 22336096 |
| presence, viral load and characterization of torque teno sus viruses in liver and pork chop samples at retail. | torque teno viruses (ttv) are widespread in humans, swine as well as in several other animal species. in market ready swine, the reported prevalence ranges between 11% and 100%. through a national retail sampling plan from the canadian integrated program for antimicrobial resistance surveillance (cipars) program, 283 and 599 liver and pork chop samples, respectively, were collected over a 12-month period from commercial establishments in 5 selected geographical regions of canada to assess the pr ... | 2014 | 24680858 |
| high prevalence of co-infection with multiple torque teno sus virus species in italian pig herds. | torque teno viruses (ttvs) are a large group of vertebrate-infecting small viruses with circular single-stranded dna, classified in the anelloviridae family. in swine, two genetically distinct species, torque teno sus virus 1a (ttsuv1a) and 1b (ttsuv1b) are currently grouped into the genus iotatorquevirus. more recently, a novel torque teno sus virus species, named torque teno sus virus k2b (ttsuvk2b), has been included with torque teno sus virus k2a (ttsuvk2a) into the genus kappatorquevirus. i ... | 2014 | 25411972 |
| real-time pcr study of the infection dynamics of torque teno sus viruses in naturally infected pigs from nursery to slaughterhouse. | although torque teno viruses are frequently detected in humans and animals the pathogenicity and virulence of these viruses are currently unknown, and little information on the dynamics of infection is available. in this study, 24 pigs were monitored from 2 weeks of age to slaughter to determine the natural infection dynamics of torque teno sus virus (ttsuv) species 1 (ttsuv1) and species 2 (ttsuv2). plasma and fecal material were collected at 2, 8 and 18 weeks of age and between 22 and 29 weeks ... | 2013 | 23395348 |
| simultaneous infection with distinct strains of torque teno sus virus (ttsuv) in healthy slaughter-age pigs. | the aims of this study were to evaluate torque teno sus virus (ttsuv) infection in healthy slaughter-age pigs and to compare the similarities of the untranslated region (utr) nucleotide (nt) sequences obtained from different biological samples of the same animals. fifty-eight pigs were evaluated by pcr assay for the presence of ttsuv in paired samples of liver and serum (group 1, n = 27) and lung and serum (group 2, n = 31). all the pigs were positive for ttsuv infection in the organs sampled an ... | 2013 | 23283602 |
| analysis of synonymous codon usage patterns in torque teno sus virus 1 (ttsuv1). | torque teno sus virus 1 (ttsuv1) is a novel virus that has been found widely distributed in the swine population in recent years. analysis of codon usage can reveal much about the molecular evolution of ttsuv1. in this study, synonymous codon usage patterns and the key determinants in the coding region of 29 available complete ttsuv1 genome sequences were examined. by calculating the nucleotide content and relative synonymous codon usage (rscu) of ttsuv1 coding sequences, we found that the prefe ... | 2013 | 23011310 |
| discovery of a novel torque teno sus virus species: genetic characterization, epidemiological assessment and disease association. | the study describes a novel torque teno sus virus (ttsuv) species, provisionally named torque teno sus virus k2b (ttsuvk2b), originally found in commercial pig sera by applying the rolling-circle amplification technique. full-length sequences of ttsuvk2b were obtained, annotated and used in the phylogenetic analyses, which revealed that ttsuvk2b is a novel anellovirus species within the genus kappatorquevirus of the family anelloviridae. quantitative pcr techniques were developed to determine to ... | 2012 | 22956737 |