| non-specific alkaline phosphomonoesterases of eight species of digenetic trematodes. | alkaline phosphatases from different trematodes occupying the same habitat have identical ph otima but different levels of enzyme activities. isoparorchis hypselobagri, from the fish wallago attu, shows four to six times more enzyme activity than fasciolopsis buski, gastrodiscoides hominis and echinostoma malayanum, from the pig sus scrofa, and fasciola gigantica, gigantocotyle explanatum, cotylophoron cotylophorum and gastrothylax crumenifer, from the buffalo bubalus bubalis. at least two peaks ... | 1975 | 1442 |
| quantitative studies on acetylcholinesterase in seven species of digenetic trematodes. | quantitative estimation of absolute levels and in vitro release of acetylcholinesterase (ache) in seven species of digenetic trematodes: isoparorchis hypselobagri from the swim bladder of catfish, wallago attu; srivastavaia indica and gastrothylax crumenifer from the rumen, and gigantocotyle explanatum from the liver of the water buffalo, bubalus bubalis; fasciolopsis buski, echinostoma malayanum from the small intestine and gastrodiscoides hominis from the caecum of the pig, sus scrofa reveale ... | 1977 | 562036 |
| alkali denaturation of oxyhaemoglobins of some digenetic trematodes and their hosts. | oxyhaemoglobins of six digenetic trematodes,--srivastavaia indica, gastrothylax crumenifer, gigantocotyle explanatum, fasciolopsis buski, gastrodiscoides hominis, isoparorchis hypselobagri, and of their 3 vertebrate hosts, bubalus bubalis, sus scrofa, wallago attu, were subjected to alkali denaturation at a ph of 12.4. all oxyhaemoglobins from trematodes and their hosts differ from each other in the rate and extent of alkali denaturation which may be explained due to variations in the amino acid ... | 1977 | 599278 |
| spectrophotometric analysis of haemoglobins of some digenetic trematodes and their hosts. | the haemoglobins of six different species of trematodes: gastrothylax crumenifer, srivastavaia indica, gigantocotyle explanatum, fasciolopsis buski, gastrodiscoides hominis, isoparorchis hypselobagri and their three different hosts: bubalus bubalis, sus scrofa, and wallago attu were spectrophotometrically investigated, and were found to contain porphyrin ix as the common prosthetic group. oxyhaemoglobin, carbonmonoxy-haemoglobin and reduced haemoglobin of all 6 species of trematodes and their 3 ... | 1976 | 1010924 |
| comparison of the hemoglobins of the platyhelminths gastrothylax crumenifer and paramphistomum epiclitum (trematoda: paramphistomatidae). | 1. gastrothylax crumenifer and paramphistomum epiclitum parasitize the water buffalo bubalus bubalis. 2. gastrothylas hemoglobin consisted of two fractions of ca 30,000 and ca 18,000 by gel filtration. sds-electrophoresis showed both to be single, ca 15,000 chains. 3. paramphistomum hemoglobin was ca 16,000 by both gel filtration and sds-electrophoresis. 4. reversed-phase chromatography of carboxymethylated trematode and buffalo globins gave single peaks and two peaks, respectively. although par ... | 1992 | 1611885 |
| lactate dehydrogenase in two digenetic trematodes and their host. | polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the two digenetic trematodes, gigantocotyle explanatum from the liver and gastrothylax crumenifer from the rumen of the water buffalo, bubalus bubalis revealed the presence of at least six and seven isoenzymes of lactate dehydrogenase (ldh), respectively in a partially purified enzyme preparation. the respective host tissues showed five isoenzymes of ldh, which are characteristic to the vertebrates. both parachloromercuribenzoate and iodoacetate affected the ... | 1990 | 2074142 |
| biochemical variations in gigantocotyle explanatum and gastrothylax crumenifer with respect to their seasonal reproduction. | biochemical components, glycogen, protein, nucleic acids and lipid fractions were analysed every month from january to december 1986, in the liver and rumen amphistomes gigantocotyle explanatum and gastrothylax crumenifer, respectively. the results reveal a considerable seasonal variation. in the rumen amphistome the components reach their maximum level only once a year, whereas in the liver amphistome, more than one peak is observed in a year. in g. crumenifer the content of glycogen and nuclei ... | 1990 | 2312219 |
| seasonal reproduction in paramphistomum epiclitum and gastrothylax crumenifer, rumen paramphistomes of the indian water buffalo, and comparison with the biliary paramphistome gigantocotyle explanatum. | | 1988 | 3417379 |
| effect of some metabolic inhibitors and drugs on oxygen consumption in gastrothylax crumenifer. | | 1987 | 3436648 |
| ultrastructural and histochemical observations on the foregut and gut caeca of gigantocotyle explanatum, gastrothylax crumenifer and srivastavaia indica (trematoda:paramphistomidae). | | 1987 | 3654054 |
| ultrastructural and cytochemical studies on the ventral pouch of gastrothylax crumenifer (digenea:paramphistomidae). | | 1987 | 3654056 |
| studies on the ultrastructure and histochemistry of the lymph system in three species of amphistome (trematoda: digenea) gigantocotyle explanatum, gastrothylax crumenifer and srivastavaia indica from the indian water buffalo bubalus bubalis. | the lymph system of three amphistome parasites from buffaloes, gigantocotyle explanatum, gastrothylax crumenifer and srivastavaia indica was studied using light microscope histochemistry and electron microscopy. in each case the system comprised a single pair of main longitudinal vessels which gave rise to numerous sub-dividing lateral branches. although the finer lymph channels associated with most internal systems, they did not penetrate the basement membrane of any organ. the lymph vessels we ... | 1985 | 3989258 |
| physiological studies on trematodes: phosphatase systems in gastrothylax crumenifer. | | 1966 | 4287921 |
| physiological studies on trematodes: the osmotic activity of gastrothylax crumenifer. | | 1966 | 5912222 |
| [the cycle of development of gastrothylax crumenifer and the prevention of gastrothylosis]. | | 1966 | 6012091 |
| glycogen content in gastrothylax crumenifer and cotylophoron orientale after the isolation of parasites, their starvation and refeeding with various carbohydrates. | the average reserve glycogen content in unstarved (control) parasites, 4.7 +/- 0.14 g/100 g f.t. (fresh weight of tissue) in gastrothylax crumenifer and 3.15 +/- 0.14 g/100 g f.t. in cotylophoron orientale has been estimated biochemically. the consumption of endogenous glycogen was found to be 18.47%, 44.37%, 66.66% and 78.13% of f. t. in g. crumenifer and 14.92%, 40.95%, 66.34% and 71.42% of f.t. in c. orientale during 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours of starvation. both the parasites were able to resyn ... | 1984 | 6479754 |
| isozyme pattern of lactate and malate dehydrogenases of gastrothylax crumenifer (trematoda: amphistomatidae) from different hosts. | isozyme pattern of lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) and malate dehydrogenase (mdh) of gastrothylax crumenifer from sheep, goat and buffalo was studied using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. ldh of g. crumenifer from buffalo, goat and sheep consists of four fractions, three fractions and two fractions, respectively. the parasite from buffalo shows two fractions of mdh, whereas those from goats or sheep show only a single fraction. the significance of these results is discussed. | 1983 | 6683039 |
| histochemical and electrophoretic studies on phosphatases of some indian trematodes. | the isoenzymes of acid and alkaline phosphatases and their histochemical localization were studied by polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis in four species of trematodes: gigantocotyle explanatum from the liver and gastrothylax crumenifer from the rumen of water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) and echinostoma malayanum and fasciolopsis buski from the small intestine of the pig (sus scrofa). both acid and alkaline phosphatases were present in the tegument, gastrodermis, suckers, testes, ovary, eggs, ... | 1982 | 7096966 |
| stereocan observations on the surface topography of gastrothylax crumenifer (creplin, 1847) poirier, 1883 and paramphistomum epiclitum fischoeder, 1904 (trematoda: digenea). | the critical-point-dried specimens of gastrothylax crumenifer (creplin, 1847) poirier, 1883 and paramphistomum epiclitum fischoeder, 1904, both recovered from the rumen of sheep, were studied by scanning electron microscopy at magnifications ranging from 10 to 10,000x to reveal the structural differences of the tegument between the two species. in g. crumenifer, both dorsal and ventral surfaces have tubercle-like tegumental elevations, devoid of spines. a row of prominent, regularly arranged, bu ... | 1981 | 7276508 |
| ascorbic acid levels of trematode parasites of fish and mammalian hosts. | ascorbic acid levels of seven species of digenetic trematodes, living under different environmental conditions in fish and mammals were determined colorimetrically. ascorbic acid levels ranged from 0.312 mg/100 g fresh weight in gastrothylax crumenifer to 5.070 mg/100 g fresh weight in fasciola indica. low levels of ascorbic acid were detected in the rumen parasites and in isoparorchis hypselobagri. in contrast the liver parasites were found to have relatively high ascorbic acid levels. | 1980 | 7395312 |
| effects of some sugars, amino acids, glycerol and alpha-glycerophosphate on oxygen uptake of some digenetic trematodes. | effect of various substrates on the oxygen uptake of some digenetic trematodes -- srivastavaia indica, gastrothylax crumenifer, gigantocotyle explanatum from the buffalo, bubalus bubalis and isoparorchis hypselobagri from the fish wallago attu was studied. in all the four species, the effect of various substrates except maltose was found to be stimulatory. the inhibitory or stimulatory effect of these substrates on oxygen uptake reflects the importance of these compounds in the energy metabolism ... | 1980 | 7450612 |
| structural and functional comparison of trematode haemoglobins. | haemoglobins from three different species of trematodes (gastrothylax crumenifer, paramphistomum epiclitum and isoparorchis hypselobagri) and their respective hosts were digested with papain. peptides so produced were separated on 10-15% sds-pagge. the probability of coincidence of the peptides was analysed statistically. oxygen affinity curves of trematode haemoglobins were found to be a rectangular hyperbolic. the hill coefficient values of all the trematode haemoglobins were found to be 1. th ... | 1995 | 7622793 |
| [3h]-amino acid uptake and metabolic studies on gigantocotyle explanatum and gastrothylax crumenifer (digenea: paramphistomidae). | the amphistomes gigantocotyle explanatum and gastrothylax crumenifer utilize leucine, alanine, proline and methionine during in vitro incubations. autoradiography on sections of these flukes reveal a time-dependent differential incorporation of tritium-labelled amino acids in various tissues. the tegument appears to be the primary surface through which amino acids are absorbed. following absorption, the reappearance of [3h]-leucine and [3h]-alanine on the tegumental surface during late chase per ... | 1995 | 7635632 |
| comparative spectral, electrophoretic and isoelectric properties of trematode haemoglobins. | a comparative study of the spectral, electrophoretic and isoelectric properties of the haemoglobins of three trematodes, paramphistomum epiclitum, gigantocotyle explanatum and gastrothylax crumenifer was carried out. a high absorption in the beta band region indicates that trematode haemoglobins have high oxygen affinities. electrophoretic mobilities of all trematode and their host haemoglobins were different. the isoelectric points of trematode haemoglobins were found to focus in the acidic ran ... | 1993 | 8288851 |
| trematode hemoglobins show exceptionally high oxygen affinity. | ligand binding studies were made with hemoglobin (hb) isolated from trematode species gastrothylax crumenifer (gc), paramphistomum epiclitum (pe), explanatum explanatum (ee), parasitic worms of water buffalo bubalus bubalis, and isoparorchis hypselobagri (ih) parasitic in the catfish wallago attu. the kinetics of oxygen and carbon monoxide binding show very fast association rates. whereas oxygen can be displaced on a millisecond time scale from human hb at 25 degrees c, the dissociation of oxyge ... | 1998 | 9675199 |
| functional differentiation in trematode hemoglobin isoforms. | the hbs and the major electrophoretic hb components (isohbs) were isolated from three species of the trematodes, explanatum explanatum (ee), gastrothylax crumenifer (gc) and paramphistomum epiclitum (pe), that parasitise the common indian water buffalo bubalus bubalis. the hbs are monomeric and resemble the so-called nonfunctional mutant hemoglobins that have tyr at b10 or e7 positions (replacing leu and the his residues, respectively). however, they are capable of binding with o2 and co. o2 equ ... | 1999 | 10103000 |
| partial purification and characterization of gastrothylax crumenifer somatic antigens. | the soluble extracts of gastrothylax crumenifer isolated from the rumen of buffalo (bubalus bubalis) were fractionated on a sephadex g-200 column. a total of eight major fractions (f1, f2, f3, f4, f5, f6, f7, and f8) were separated from the whole homogenate of g. crumenifer, and each of these fractions was tested for their antigenicity by elisa against rabbit hyperimmune sera. it was observed that f1, f2, f3 and f4 were highly antigenic, f6 and f7 were moderately antigenic and f5 and f8 were poo ... | 2000 | 10729642 |
| modulation of the oxygen affinity of cobalt-porphyrin by globin. | we have combined two extreme effects which influence the oxygen affinity to obtain a cobalt-based oxygen carrier with an affinity similar to that of human adult hemoglobin (hba). the goal was to obtain an oxygen transporter with a lower oxidation rate. exchange of the heme group (fe-protoporphyrin ix) in hb with a cobalt-porphyrin leads to a reduction in oxygen affinity by over a factor of 10, an oxygen affinity too low for use as a blood substitute. at the other extreme, certain globin sequence ... | 2000 | 10788615 |
| analysis of excretory-secretory and somatic antigens of gastrothylax crumenifer. | the excretory/secretory (es) metabolic products released by gastrothylax crumenifer (trematoda: digenea) during in vitro incubations and the somatic extract of the adult parasite were analysed using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page). immunogenicity of es and somatic extracts were evaluated by immunoblotting and elisa using sera raised against es and somatic antigens in rabbits. the electropherograms of es and somatic extracts have been resolved into 38 and 41 polypeptides, respectively. ... | 2000 | 10953216 |
| monoamine oxidase in amphistomes and its role in worm motility. | the quantitative assay of mitochondrial monoamine oxidase (mao) activity revealed a higher enzyme level in explanatum explanatum than gastrothylax crumenifer. the specific mao inhibitors, chlorgyline, pargyline, deprenyl and nialamide produced different degrees of interspecific inhibition. the differential effects on enzyme activity of chlorgyline and deprenyl suggests the possible existence of polymorphic forms of the enzyme, mao-a and mao-b, in amphistomes. these specific inhibitors also had a ... | 2000 | 11138015 |
| analysis of excretory-secretory and somatic antigens of gastrothylax crumenifer. | the excretory/secretory (es) metabolic products released by gastrothylax crumenifer (trematoda: digenea) during in vitro incubations and the somatic extract of the adult parasite were analysed using polyacrylamide gel electro-phoresis (page). immunogenicity of es and somatic extracts were evaluated by immunoblotting and elisa using sera raised against es and somatic antigens in rabbits. the electropherograms of es and somatic extracts have been resolved into 38 and 41 polypeptides, respectively. ... | 2000 | 11203057 |
| on cercaria chungathi peter and srivastava, 1955 and its relationship to gastrothylax crumenifer (creplin). | | 1961 | 13734733 |
| haemoglobin in trematodes--gastrothylax crumenifer. | | 1959 | 13850494 |
| physiological studies on trematodes--surface area--body weight relationship in cotylophoron cotylophoron and gastrothylax crumenifer. | | 1963 | 13948611 |
| physiological studies on trematodes--lipid fractions in gastrothylax crumenifer. | | 1964 | 14124286 |
| multiple active site conformers in the carbon monoxide complexes of trematode hemoglobins. | sequence alignment of hemoglobins of the trematodes paramphistomum epiclitum and gastrothylax crumenifer with myoglobin suggests the presence of an unusual active site structure in which two tyrosine residues occupy the e7 and b10 helical positions. in the crystal structure of p. epiclitum hemoglobin, such an e7-b10 tyrosine pair at the putative helical positions has been observed, although the e7 tyr is displaced toward cd region of the polypeptide. resonance raman data on both p. epiclitum and ... | 2006 | 16481317 |
| early detection of fasciola gigantica infection in buffaloes by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | in an attempt to develop a suitable serological test for early detection of fasciola gigantica infection in buffaloes, a group of proteins were isolated from the somatic antigen of the parasite by immunoaffinity chromatography. the process of isolation of the proteins has been standardized and significant level of repeatability was achieved. to test the diagnostic potentiality of the antigens, two serological tests, viz., enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and dot enzyme-linked immunosorb ... | 2008 | 18344058 |
| detection of fasciola gigantica infection in buffaloes by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | the process of isolation of the 27-kda glycoprotein from the somatic antigen of fasciola gigantica was standardized and the diagnostic potentiality was evaluated for the detection of bubaline fasciolosis by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. initially, the test was standardized using the sera from experimentally noninfected(n = 20) and infected (n = 5)animals. further, the sensitivity and the specificity of the test were evaluated through the sera of buffaloes with different natural inf ... | 2008 | 18781327 |
| functional role of cholinergic drugs on spontaneous muscular activity in the amphistome gastrothylax crumenifer from ruminants. | acetylcholine is the major endogenous classical neurotransmitter in the central and peripheral nervous system of trematodes and mammals. this study investigates the effects of cholinergic drugs on muscle activity in the amphistome, gastrothylax crumenifer. in the present investigation, acetylcholine (10- 7-10- 3 m) did not produce any marked effect, whereas carbachol (10- 7-10- 3 m) elicited a concentration-dependent decrease in amplitude, baseline tension and frequency of contractions as compar ... | 2009 | 19087380 |
| effects of amino acid neurotransmitters on spontaneous muscular activity of the rumen amphistome, gastrothylax crumenifer. | amino acid neurotransmitters play an important role in regulating neuromuscular activity of helminth parasites. the present study aimed to investigate the effects of different amino acid neurotransmitters [l-glutamate, glycine, gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba)] on spontaneous muscular activity of isometrically mounted gastrothylax crumenifer. l-glutamate caused a significant increase in the amplitude and frequency of spontaneous contractions of rumen fluke at 10(-7)-10(-4) m and at 10(-5)-10(-4) m ... | 2009 | 19476695 |
| isolation and partial characterization of excretory/secretory antigens of gastrothylax crumenifer. | the present study was carried out to identify the excretory/secretory (e/s) antigens of the rumen infecting digenetic trematode gastrothylax crumenifer that may be useful for the immunodiagnosis of rumen amphistomosis particularly during the pre-monsoon season during which this rumen parasite stops shedding eggs. the in vitro released e/s proteins were purified on a sephadex g-200 column. the gel filtration profile revealed three distinct fractions f1-f3 where f1 and f3 appeared as sharp peaks w ... | 2011 | 21459515 |
| molecular characterization of pouched amphistome parasites (trematoda: gastrothylacidae) using ribosomal its2 sequence and secondary structures. | members of the family gastrothylacidae (trematoda: digenea: paramphistomata) are parasitic in ruminants throughout africa and asia. in north-east india, five species of pouched amphistomes, namely fischoederius cobboldi, f. elongatus, gastrothylax crumenifer, carmyerius spatiosus and velasquezotrema tripurensis, belonging to this family have been reported so far. in the present study, the molecular phylogeny of these five gastrothylacid species is derived using the second internal transcribed sp ... | 2011 | 21473796 |
| immunoaffinity chromatographic analysis for purification of specific diagnostic antigens of paramphistomum epiclitum. | polypeptide profile of somatic antigen of paramphistomum epiclitum (psag) and gastrothylax crumenifer (gsag) was studied by sds-page. psag and gsag showed 14 and 19 polypeptides in the range of 14.9-95.5 and 13.7-129.6 kda with six common polypeptides of mol wt 16.8, 21.8, 23.7, 35.5, 43.4 and 70.8 kda. p. epiclitum experimentally infected sheep sera were used for identification of specific immuno-dominant peptide in the range of 37-40 kda against p. epiclitum by western blotting. hyperimmune se ... | 2010 | 21526036 |
| potentilla fulgens (family rosaceae), a medicinal plant of north-east india: a natural anthelmintic? | the cestode parasite, raillietina echinobothrida and the trematode, gastrothylax crumenifer were exposed to the ethanolic root peel extract of potentilla fulgens, an antiparasitic local medicinal plant of meghalaya, india, to evaluate the anthelmintic efficacy of the plant. the parasites were incubated in 1, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 mg crude alcoholic extract per ml of phosphate buffered saline (pbs) at a temperature of 37 ± 1°c. paralysis and death were observed at 2.00 ± 0.05 and 2.80 ± 0.06 h fo ... | 2010 | 21966126 |
| molecular characterization of gastrothylax crumenifer (platyhelminthes: gastrothylacidae) from goats in the western part of india by lsu of nuclear ribosomal dna. | the rumen parasite, gastrothylax crumenifer (platyhelminthes: gastrothylacidae), is a highly pathogenic trematode parasite of goat (capra hircus). it sucks blood that causes acute disease like anemia, and severe economic losses occur due to morbidity and mortality of the ruminant infected by these worms. the study of these rumen paramphistomes, their infection, and public health importance remains unclear in india especially in the western part of state uttar pradesh (u.p.), meerut, india, where ... | 2014 | 25548426 |
| prevalence and intensity of paramphistomum spp. in cattle from south-eastern iran. | parasitological investigations on paramphistomosis were carried out over a 12-month period in the southeast of iran to determine the prevalence and intensity of this disease. | 2017 | 26246825 |
| cytosolic superoxide dismutase can provide protection against fasciola gigantica. | superoxide dismutases (sod), antioxidant metallo-enzymes, are a part of the first line of defense in the trematode parasites which act as the chief scavengers for reactive oxygen species (ros). a recombinant fasciola gigantica cytosolic sod (fgsod) was expressed in escherichia coli bl21 (de3) and used for immunizing rabbits to obtain polyclonal antibodies (anti-rfgsod). this rabbit anti-rfgsod reacted with the native fgsod at a molecular weight of 17.5kda. the fgsod protein was expressed at high ... | 2016 | 27338185 |
| monoclonal antibody against recombinant fasciola gigantica cathepsin l1h could detect juvenile and adult cathepsin ls of fasciola gigantica. | cathepsin ls (catls), the major cysteine protease secreted by fasciola spp., are important for parasite digestion and tissue invasion. fasciola gigantica cathepsin l1h (fgcatl1h) is the isotype expressed in the early stages for migration and invasion. in the present study, a monoclonal antibody (moab) against recombinant f. gigantica cathepsin l1h (rfgcatl1h) was produced by hybridoma technique using spleen cells from balb/c mice immunized with recombinant profgcatl1h (rprofgcatl1h). this moab i ... | 2015 | 25324133 |
| production and characterization of a monoclonal antibody against recombinant saposin-like protein 2 of fasciola gigantica. | a monoclonal antibody (moab) against recombinant fasciola gigantica saposin-like protein 2 (rfgsap-2) was produced by hybridoma technique using spleen cells from balb/c mice immunized with rfgsap-2. this moab is an igg1, κ light chain isotype. by immunoblotting and indirect elisa, the moab reacted specifically with rfgsap-2, the natural fgsap-2 at 10kda in whole body (wb) and excretory-secretory (es) fractions of f. gigantica. it did not cross react with antigens in wb fractions from other paras ... | 2013 | 23164839 |
| immunodetection of coproantigens for the diagnosis of amphistomosis in naturally infected indian water buffalo, bubalus bubalis. | the infection of gastrointestinal helminths in livestock is routinely diagnosed by microscopical examination of faecal samples for the presence of ova/eggs but this approach becomes ineffective for the seasonally egg producing trematodes. therefore, an alternative approach to detect the coproantigens of liver and rumen amphistomes, gigantocotyle explanatum and gastrothylax crumenifer respectively, infecting indian water buffalo bubalus bubalis, was undertaken using elisa, immunodot and countercu ... | 2013 | 23036808 |
| characterization of the glutamate dehydrogenase activity of gigantocotyle explanatum and gastrothylax crumenifer (trematoda: digenea). | glutamate dehydrogenase (gldh) (ec 1.4.1.3) is a ubiquitous enzyme, which is present at the protein and carbohydrate metabolism crossroads. the enzyme activity was investigated in biliary and rumen amphistomes, gigantocotyle explanatum and gastrothylax crumenifer, respectively, infecting the indian water buffalo bubalus bubalis. the enzyme activity was consistently higher in g. explanatum as compared to g. crumenifer, where nad(h) was utilized as coenzyme and the ph optima was recorded at 8. the ... | 2009 | 23129890 |
| staining of platyhelminthes by herbal dyes: an eco-friendly technique for the taxonomist. | an environment compatible technique to stain platyhelminthes, fasciola gigantica, gastrothylax crumenifer, taenia solium, and moniezia expansa using aqueous and alcoholic extract of sugar beet (beta vulgaris), china rose (hibiscus rosa-sinensis), and red rose (rosa hybrida) were described to minimized the deleterious effects of the synthetic dyes. | 2015 | 27047037 |
| the complete mitochondrial genome of gastrothylax crumenifer (gastrothylacidae, trematoda) and comparative analyses with selected trematodes. | in the present study, we sequenced and analyzed the mitochondrial (mt) genome of gastrothylax crumenifer and compared it with other selected trematodes. the full mt genome of g. crumenifer was amplified, sequenced, assembled, analyzed and then subjected to phylogenetic analysis. the complete mt genome of g. crumenifer is 14,801 bp in length and contains two rrna genes, two non-coding regions (lnr and snr), 12 protein-coding genes, and 22 transfer rna genes. the gene organization of the g. crumen ... | 2016 | 27021180 |
| copro-pcr based detection of bovine schistosome infection in india. | schistosomosis and amphistomosis are the two economically important and widely prevalent snail-borne trematode infections in grazing cattle of southern india. acute infections are symptomatically similar and difficult to detect by routine microscopy for eggs. the present study was directed towards the development of a copro-polymerase chain reaction (copro-pcr) for detection of bovine schistosome species, using custom-designed primers targeting 18s and 28s ribosomal rna as well as mitochondrial ... | 2016 | 26693890 |
| effect of punica granatum fruit peel on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase in amphistome gastrothylax indicus. | increasing anthelmintic resistance and the impact of conventional anthelmintics on the environment, it is important to look for alternative strategies against helminth parasite in sheep. important lipogenic enzymes like glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g-6-pdh) and malate dehydrogenase (mdh) show subcellular distribution pattern. activity of g-6-pdh was largely restricted to cytosolic fraction while mdh was found in both cytosolic and mitochondrial fraction in gastrothylax indicus. following i ... | 2017 | 28316382 |
| anthelmintic potential of calotropis procera, azadirachta indica and punica granatum against gastrothylax indicus. | anthelmintic activity of both ethanolic and aqueous extracts of calotropis procera flowers, azadirachta indica leaves and punica granatum fruit peel in comparison with albendazole was evaluated through in vitro studies by the worm motility inhibition assay. significant anthelmintic effects (p < 0.0005) were observed on live gastrothylax indicus worm as evident from their mortality at 4 h post exposure to both ethanolic and aqueous extracts. phytochemical analysis of extracts revealed the presenc ... | 2016 | 27876922 |
| in vitro study of trematodicidal action of dicranopteris linearis (burm.f.) underw. extracts against gastrothylax crumenifer. | the anthelmintic activity of column fractioned dicranopteris linearis (burm.f.) underw. extracts was used for in vitro incubation study against adult gastrothylax crumenifer. the qualitative analysis showed ethanol extract performed well to express 12 secondary metabolites studied except anthocyanin. quantitative phytochemical analysis of terpenoids, phenols, flavonoids and tannins showed predominant amount of terpenoids (97.0±1.15)mg/g and tannins (30.8±0.44)mg tannic acid equivalents/gram. gc- ... | 2016 | 27847213 |
| evaluation of gastrothylax crumenifer antigenic preparation in serodiagnosis of paramphistomiasis in sheep. | an evaluation of gastrothylax crumenifer crude antigen preparation viz., somatic antigen (sag), excretory secretory antigen (esag) and egg antigen (eag) in serodiagnosis of disease was undertaken. test sera samples were obtained from 30 paramphistomiasis positive and 30 gastrothylax free sheep slaughtered at hazratbal kashmir. the referral antigenic preparation were evaluated against paramphistomiasis positive sera, via., control negative sera, using double immunodiffusion test (did), (iep) immu ... | 2014 | 25911851 |
| prevalence and pathological study of paramphistomum infection in the small intestine of slaughtered ovine. | paramphistomiasis, a trematode infectious disease in ruminants, has been neglected but has recently emerged as an important cause of productivity loss. the small intestine of slaughtered sheep was collected weekly from abattoirs (kermanshah, sanandaj, tabriz and urmia slaughterhouses) to monitoring the seasonal occurrence of paramphistomosis, 2,421 sheep carcasses (743 male (30.69 %) and 1,678 female (69.31 %)) were examined, out of which 0.041 % were positive for paramphistomum infestation. fur ... | 2015 | 25698870 |
| multilocus sequence evaluation for differentiating species of the trematode family gastrothylacidae, with a note on the utility of mitochondrial coi motifs in species identification. | amphistomiasis, a neglected trematode infectious disease of ruminants, is caused by numerous species of amphistomes belonging to six families under the superfamily paramphistomoidea. in the present study, four frequently used dna markers, viz. nuclear ribosomal 28s (d1-d3 regions), 18s and its2 and mitochondrial coi genes, as well as sequence motifs from these genes were evaluated for their utility in species characterization of members of the amphistomes' family gastrothylacidae commonly prevai ... | 2014 | 25042163 |
| standardization and application of indirect plate elisa for immunodiagnosis of paramphistomosis in ruminants. | indirect plate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was standardized and evaluated for its effectiveness in immunodiagnosis of paramphistomosis in experimental and clinical cases in sheep, goat, cattle and buffaloes by using somatic whole adult antigen of paramphistomum epiclitum and gastrothylax crumenifer. plate enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was standardized using 2 μg/ml of antigen concentration with 1:200 and 1:1,000 of sera and conjugate dilution. indirect plate elisa was able to de ... | 2009 | 23129892 |