| onyalai--the possible involvement of a mycotoxin produced by phoma sorghina in the aetiology. | a number of species of fungi were isolated from millet (pennisetum typhoides staph and hubb) and grain sorghum (sorghum vulgare pers) obtained from the households of patients suffering from onyalai. several proved to be toxic to rats and chickens, including phoma sorghina (sacc.) which was the predominating fungus. cultures of p. sorghina grown on maize and wheat were added to standard rations at concentrations of 5-30%. when fed to day-old new hampshire chickens, the majority died within 4 days ... | 1975 | 1080886 |
| reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography of tenuazonic acid and related tetramic acids. | a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic system for the determination of the fungal toxin, tenuazonic acid, (5s,8s)-3-acetyl-5-sec.-butyltetramic acid, is described. the system utilizes a column packed with deactivated end-capped c18 silica with a high carbon load to overcome the problem of poor chromatographic performance of this beta-diketone on reversed-phase liquid chromatography which previously necessitated the use of anion-exchange, ligand-exchange or ion-pairing methods. ... | 1991 | 1885712 |
| phoma sorghina infection in human being. | phoma sorghina is reported for the first time as an opportunistic fungal pathogen. it was repeatedly isolated from patient as well as experimental animal. the identity and taxonomy of the fungus has been discussed. | 1989 | 2761610 |
| the mycoflora and some mycotoxins found in acha (digitaria exilis stapf) in plateau state, nigeria. | mouldy acha (digitaria exilis) samples were collected at three different periods of the year from some local government areas of plateau state and were screened for their mycoflora and for seven mycotoxins. phoma sorghina was the most common contaminant during the cold dry harmattan period (november-february) and during the humid and wet period (june-october). this was followed by fusarium moniliforme and then by aspergillus spp. during the hot and dry period (march-may), aspergillus spp. were t ... | 1986 | 2942448 |
| enumeration of fungi in barley. | estimation of fungal contamination of barley grain is important as certain fungi can proliferate during the malting process. the following factors which may affect the enumeration of fungi were evaluated: dilution versus direct plating, presoaked versus unsoaked grain, five culture media: potato dextrose agar (pda), acidified czapek-dox agar (aca), pentachloronitrobenzene agar; (pcnb) dichloran rose bengal chloramphenicol agar (drbc) and malt salt agar; two disinfectants' ethanol/water (80:20 v/ ... | 1997 | 9105919 |
| first report of phoma sorghina (sacc.) boerema dorenbosch & van kest on wheat leaves (triticum aestivum l.) in argentina. | a new disease caused by phoma sorghina has been detected for the first time on wheat plants in the province of buenos aires, argentina. the pathogen was isolated from wheat leaves growing under field conditions, cultured on pda and identified by its morphobiometric and cultural characters. the disease symptoms and morphological characters of the pathogen are described. pathogenicity of the isolate was confirmed by inoculating 10 wheat cultivars under greenhouse conditions. | 2005 | 15750734 |
| mycoflora and natural occurrence of aflatoxins and fumonisin b1 in cassava and yam chips from benin, west africa. | the presence of fungi, aflatoxins and fumonisin b1 in cassava and yam chips (during 28 processing and storage) were evaluated during two consecutive seasons in two agroecological zones of benin (northern guinea savannah, ngs and sudan savannah, ss). the benin samples were assessed for moisture content, fungal infestation and total aflatoxin and fumonisin b1 contamination. during the two seasons, samples collected from the ngs, had moisture contents ranging from 10.0 to 14.7% in cassava chips and ... | 2008 | 18160162 |
| genetic variation of phoma sorghina isolates from southern africa and texas. | genetic variability of phoma sorghina, a ubiquitous facultative phytopathogen, was investigated on 41 isolates cultivated from surface-sterilized sorghum grains originating from south africa and texas; pearl millet isolates from namibia were also included. most of the isolates from texas produced intense red pigments, especially on czapek-dox agar plates. many african isolates formed conspicuous dark radial substrate hyphae with intercalated chlamydospores on oatmeal plates. conidial dimensions ... | 2009 | 19649739 |
| composition of endophytic fungal community associated with leaves of maize cultivated in south brazilian field. | the objective of this study was to conduct a survey about fungi associated with leaves from two different maize plant lineages and to analyze their microbiota diversity. isolated fungi were identified by morphological analysis and molecular taxonomy was performed using its1-5.8s-its2 rdna. about 27 fungi morphotypes were obtained, 15 of them were from the first maize lineage. about 86.7% of the individuals belonged to the dothideomycetes class (phoma sorghina, epicocum nigrum, cladosporium sp., ... | 2016 | 27936873 |
| ergosterol concentration and variability in genotype-by-pathogen interaction for grain mold resistance in sorghum. | a lack of understanding of host-by-pathogen relations can hinder the success of breeding for resistance to a major disease. fungal strain pathogenicity has to be understood from the virulence it can cause on susceptible genotypes and host resistance indicates which genotypes have resistance genes. where the two worlds meet lies the place where researchers match the prevalent pathogen in the area of production with resistant varieties. this paper uses ergosterol concentration analysis as a measur ... | 2014 | 24817586 |
| dna barcoding and isolation of vertically transmitted ascomycetes in sorghum from burkina faso: epicoccum sorghinum is dominant in seedlings and appears as a common root pathogen. | molecular identification of fungal taxa commonly transmitted through seeds of sorghum in western africa is lacking. in the present study, farm-saved seeds, collected from four villages in northern burkina faso, were surface sterilized and the distribution of fungal dna in seeds and seven-day-old seedlings was analyzed by 18s ribosomal dna (rdna) amplicon sequencing. more than 99% of the fungal rdna was found to originate from ascomycetes. the distribution of ascomycetes at species level was subs ... | 2016 | 27524652 |
| recognition of corn defense chitinases by fungal polyglycine hydrolases. | polyglycine hydrolases (pgh)s are secreted fungal endoproteases that cleave peptide bonds in the polyglycine interdomain linker of chita chitinase, an antifungal protein from domesticated corn (zea mays ssp. mays). these target-specific endoproteases are unusual because they do not cut a specific peptide bond but select one of many gly-gly bonds within the polyglycine region. some gly-gly bonds are cleaved frequently while others are never cleaved. moreover, we have previously shown that pghs fr ... | 2017 | 28383143 |
| draft genome sequence of sorghum grain mold fungus epicoccum sorghinum, a producer of tenuazonic acid. | the facultative plant pathogen epicoccum sorghinum is associated with grain mold of sorghum and produces the mycotoxin tenuazonic acid. this fungus can have serious economic impact on sorghum production. here, we report the draft genome sequence of e. sorghinum (uspmtox48). | 2017 | 28126937 |
| coelomycetous fungi in the clinical setting: morphological convergence and cryptic diversity. | human infections by coelomycetous fungi are becoming more frequent and range from superficial to systemic dissemination. traumatic implantation of contaminated plant material is the most common cause. the typical morphological feature of these fungi is the production of asexual spores (conidia) within fruiting bodies called conidiomata. this study aimed to determine the distribution of the coelomycetes in clinical samples by a phenotypic and molecular study of a large set of isolates received fr ... | 2017 | 27927918 |
| polyglycine hydrolases: fungal β-lactamase-like endoproteases that cleave polyglycine regions within plant class iv chitinases. | polyglycine hydrolases are secreted fungal proteases that cleave glycine-glycine peptide bonds in the inter-domain linker region of specific plant defense chitinases. previously, we reported the catalytic activity of polyglycine hydrolases from the phytopathogens epicoccum sorghi (es-cmp) and cochliobolus carbonum (bz-cmp). here we report the identity of their encoding genes and the primary amino acid sequences of the proteins responsible for these activities. peptides from a tryptic digest of e ... | 2015 | 25966977 |
| polyglycine hydrolases secreted by pleosporineae fungi that target the linker region of plant class iv chitinases. | cmps (chitinase-modifying proteins) are fungal proteases that truncate plant class iv chitinases by cleaving near their n-termini. we previously described fv-cmp, a fungalysin protease that cleaves a conserved glycine-cysteine bond within the hevein domain. in the present paper we describe a new type of cmp, polyglycine hydrolases, as proteases that selectively cleave glycine-glycine peptide bonds within the polyglycine linker of plant class iv chitinases. polyglycine hydrolases were purified fr ... | 2014 | 24627966 |
| effects of temperature and ph on mycelium growth of phoma sorghina (sacc.) boerema dorenbosch and van kesteren in vitro. | abstract: the effects of temperatures 22, 28, 32, 36 and 40 degrees c and those of ph 5, 6.5 and 6 were evaluated on 11 isolates of p. sorghina on malt agar medium. the optimal mycelium growth of the most isolates is noted at 28 degrees c. at 32 degrees c, we have recorded a significant reduction of mycelium growth of all the isolates tested when compared with the control at 22 degrees c. at this same temperature, p. sorghina isolates can be group on sensitive isolates, on moderately isolates an ... | 2013 | 24517029 |
| morphological and genetic differentiation among four pigment producing indian species of phoma (saccardo, 1899). | a pcr-based technique, involving the random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd), was used for assessing genetic relatedness among isolates of the genus phoma. randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) revealed the presence of interspecific genetic variation among the pigment producing isolates of phoma and has shown distinct phylogenetic cluster. the major objective of the study was to study the genetic variation, if any. study was aimed to differentiate four pigment producing species of pho ... | 2010 | 22815582 |