| a survey of phlebotomine sandflies (diptera: psychodidae) in hubei province, china. | from june to august, 1987 a survey of phlebotomine sandflies was carried out by means of aspirator and light-sticky traps in nine counties viz., yunxi, wudangshan, snennongjia, zigui, yichang, lichuan, laifeng, hongan and yangxin, hubei province. a total of nine species had been identified: phlebotomus chinensis, p. kiangsuensis, p. mongolensis, sergentomyia anhuiensis, s. koloshanensis, s. nankingensis, s. squamirostris, s. zhengjiani and s. barraudi. their distribution was summarized in a map. | 1991 | 1841231 |
| a preliminary isoenzyme study on five species of phlebotomine sandflies in china. | during june to august, 1987, six species of phlebotomines were collected by aspirator from four localities in beijing, nanjiang and northwestern sichuan province. after morphological identification, five species viz., phlebotomus chinensis, p. sichuanensis, sergentomyia zhengjiani, s. khawi and s. squamirostris were studied starch gel electrophoresis in 10 enzymes for isoenzyme characterization. among which four enzymes (mdh, pgm, pgi and alpha-gpd) showed varying degrees of differences. the cha ... | 1991 | 1841256 |
| current status of kala-azar and vector control in china. | kala-azar, which was prevalent in the vast area of china that lies to the north of the yangtze river from the 1920s to the 1950s, is now effectively under control as a result of strenuous intervention since the founding of the people's republic of china in 1949. apart from 15-20 new cases that occur annually in the keshi plain, xinjiang autonomous region, the achievements of control practised in other former endemic areas in the plains have been significant and consolidated. in the mountainous a ... | 1991 | 1959161 |
| [kala-azar in china from 1985 to 1988. advisory committee on parasitic diseases, moph]. | a total of 1,069 newly discovered cases of kala-azar (a few recurrent cases included) is recorded in china during the four year period from 1985 to 1988. the kala-azar patients were found in the provinces and autonomous regions of gansu, sichuan, xinjiang, shaanxi, shanxi, inner-mongolia and shandong. comparing with the 443 cases recorded during the previous 4 years period 1981-1984, significant uprise of the disease is evident, especially in the provinces of gansu and sichuan. in southern gansu ... | 1989 | 2591032 |
| studies on the habitat of phlebotomus chinensis in beijing suburbs. | | 1986 | 3107933 |
| [studies on deltamethrin in the control of peri-wild phlebotomus chinensis]. | | 1987 | 3447777 |
| [detection of the phlebotomus subspecies, phlebotomus chinensis tanriae perfiliew in the georgian ssr]. | | 1972 | 4265882 |
| [studies on the morphology of the variety phlebotomus chinensis balcanicus theodor 1958]. | | 1967 | 5589823 |
| [studies on the effect of deltamethrin bath treatment of hamsters infected with leishmania donovani for interrupting kala-azar transmission]. | phlebotomus chinensis were fed respectively on two groups of cricetulus barabensis infected with leishmania donovani, of which one group had received deltamethrin bath and the other was not treated with insecticide bath. the results showed that all the sandflies in the former group died within 24 hours, while those in the latter group had a high survival rate. among the 165 sandflies examined, 114 (69.1%) became infected. the promastigotes not only developed well in the midgut, but also invaded ... | 1994 | 7720208 |
| [studies on the bionomics of phlebotomus chinensis in mountain cave and its relation to control in northern sichuan]. | after a survey of the gonotrophic cycle of 5147 female phlebotomus chinensis collected from the caves in the mountain area 1500 m above sea level in nanping county, sichuan province where this sandfly was proved to be the typical predominant wild species living mostly in the wild cave at a very high density, a large cave was sprayed with alphamethrin at a dosage of 50 mg/m2 in july, 1993. as a result, the sandfly density dropped to zero spanning over a period of two peak seasons. the authors con ... | 1995 | 8732080 |
| chinese phlebotomine sandflies of the subgenus adlerius nitzulescu, 1931 (diptera: psychodidae) and the identity of p. sichuanensis leng & yin, 1983. ii--genotyping and numerical analysis. | the authors carried out isoenzyme characterization and genotype comparison studies for phlebotomus chinensis and phlebotomus sichuanensis images collected from their holotype/paratype original localities: west mountain, west suburb, beijing and lixian county, sichuan province. numerical analysis was carried out and the dendrogram of four species of adlerius was drawn up according to morphological characteristics of these four species. the results showed that p. chinensis and p. sichuanensis can ... | 2002 | 12514942 |
| [evaluation of prevalent status of kala-azar in endemic area of hubei province]. | to identify the diagnosis of 14 cases with "kala-azar" previously reported in hubei province since 1989 and to evaluate the present status of the disease. | 2000 | 12567700 |
| [presence of lower toxonomic units inside phlebotomus chinensis newstead]. | | 1956 | 13347802 |
| [the effect of sandfly control on the transmission of visceral leishmaniasis]. | to observe the effect of phlebotomus chinensis control including insecticide residual spraying in the habitats and bathing for dogs on the transmission of visceral leishmaniasis in nanping of sichuan province. | 2004 | 15830857 |
| leishmania manipulation of sand fly feeding behavior results in enhanced transmission. | in nature the prevalence of leishmania infection in whole sand fly populations can be very low (<0.1%), even in areas of endemicity and high transmission. it has long since been assumed that the protozoan parasite leishmania can manipulate the feeding behavior of its sand fly vector, thus enhancing transmission efficiency, but neither the way in which it does so nor the mechanisms behind such manipulation have been described. a key feature of parasite development in the sand fly gut is the secre ... | 2007 | 17604451 |
| [isolation of microsatellite dna and the polymorphic locus screening from phlebotomus chinensis (diptera:psychodidae)]. | to isolate the microsatellite dna of phlebotomus chinensis and screen the polymorphic loci. | 2009 | 20232635 |
| molecular detection and genetic diversity of leishmania donovani in naturally infected phlebotomus chinensi from southwestern china. | zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis is an important vector-borne infectious disease in western china. in this study, an epidemiological study was carried out on the vector of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis in rural areas from sichuan province, southwestern china. in the 1263 phlebotomine sandflies captured, 859 (68.01%) were females and 404 (31.99%) males, belonging to phlebotomus chinensis (83.37%), sergentomyia koloshanensis (6.57%), sergentomyia squamirostris (4.04%), and sergentomyia barraudi ( ... | 2011 | 21254870 |
| the prevalence of canine leishmania infantum infection in western china detected by pcr and serological tests. | abstract: | 2011 | 21554677 |
| The prevalence of canine Leishmania infantum infection in Sichuan Province, southwestern China detected by real time PCR. | Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is endemic in western China, and becoming an important public health concern. Infected dogs are the main reservoir for Leishmania infantum, and a potential sentinel for human VL in endemic areas. In the present study we investigated the prevalence of Leishmania DNA in dogs from Wenchuan, Heishui and Jiuzhaigou County in Sichuan Province, southwestern China, which are important endemic areas of zoonotic VL, detected by real time PCR. The results will help to design con ... | 2011 | 21910882 |
| acute renal injury as a result of liposomal amphotericin b treatment in sodium stibogluconate unresponsive visceral leishmaniasis. | abstract. we report an unusual case of visceral leishmaniasis occurring in a patient from sichuan china. the patient presented with a remitting fever, anemia, and pancytopenia. the case was confirmed as visceral leishmaniasis by microscopical detection of the leishmania species amastigote in bone marrow aspirate. the patient was treated with 10 mg/kg/day of sodium stibogluconate for 5 days, with no therapeutic response. as a result, the patient was treated with liposomal amphotericin b (lab) at ... | 2011 | 22144439 |
| spatial epidemiology in zoonotic parasitic diseases: insights gained at the 1st international symposium on geospatial health in lijiang, china, 2007. | the 1st international symposium on geospatial health was convened in lijiang, yunnan province, people's republic of china from 8 to 9 september, 2007. the objective was to review progress made with the application of spatial techniques on zoonotic parasitic diseases, particularly in southeast asia. the symposium featured 71 presentations covering soil-transmitted and water-borne helminth infections, as well as arthropod-borne diseases such as leishmaniasis, malaria and lymphatic filariasis. the ... | 2009 | 19193214 |
| incrimination of phlebotomus kandelakii and phlebotomus balcanicus as vectors of leishmania infantum in tbilisi, georgia. | a survey of potential vector sand flies was conducted in the neighboring suburban communities of vake and mtatsminda districts in an active focus of visceral leishmaniasis (vl) in tbilisi, georgia. using light and sticky-paper traps, 1,266 male and 1,179 female sand flies were collected during 2006-2008. five phlebotomus species of three subgenera were collected: phlebotomus balcanicus theodor and phlebotomus halepensis theodor of the subgenus adlerius; phlebotomus kandelakii shchurenkova and ph ... | 2012 | 22509422 |
| prevalence of canine leishmaniasis in beichuan county, sichuan, china and phylogenetic evidence for an undescribed leishmania sp. in china based on 7sl rna. | leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease, which is still endemic in the west and northwest area of china. canines are the major reservoirs of leishmania, the etiological agent of human visceral leishmaniasis. phlebotomus chinensis is the main transmission vector of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (zvl). | 2012 | 22515334 |
| sand flies of the subgenus adlerius (diptera: psychodidae) in an endemic focus of visceral leishmaniasis and introduction of phlebotomus (adlerius) comatus as a new record for iran. | sand flies of subgenus adlerius has a wide geographical distribution in iran and are mostly found in wild form in mountainous areas. they are always considered as probable vectors of visceral leishmaniasis. the objective of this study was to determine the adlerius species and its composition in an endemic focus of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis in northwest of the country. | 2013 | 23785689 |
| the role of leishmania proteophosphoglycans in sand fly transmission and infection of the mammalian host. | leishmania are transmitted by the bite of their sand fly vector and this has a significant influence on the virulence of the resulting infection. from our studies into the interaction between parasite, vector, and host we have uncovered an important missing ingredient during leishmania transmission. leishmania actively adapt their sand fly hosts into efficient vectors by secreting promastigote secretory gel (psg), a proteophosphoglycan (ppg)-rich, mucin-like gel which accumulates in sand fly gut ... | 2012 | 22754550 |
| mitochondrial genomes of two phlebotomine sand flies, phlebotomus chinensis and phlebotomus papatasi (diptera: nematocera), the first representatives from the family psychodidae. | leishmaniasis is a worldwide but neglected disease of humans and animal transmitted by sand flies, vectors that also transmit other important diseases. mitochondrial genomes contain abundant information for population genetic and phylogenetic studies, important in disease management. however, the available mitochondrial sequences of these crucial vectors are limited, emphasizing the need for developing more mitochondrial genetic markers. | 2015 | 26381614 |
| diversity of bacteriome associated with phlebotomus chinensis (diptera: psychodidae) sand flies in two wild populations from china. | sand fly phlebotomus chinensis is a primary vector of transmission of visceral leishmaniasis in china. the sand flies have adapted to various ecological niches in distinct ecosystems. characterization of the microbial structure and function will greatly facilitate the understanding of the sand fly ecology, which would provide critical information for developing intervention strategy for sand fly control. in this study we compared the bacterial composition between two populations of ph. chinensis ... | 2016 | 27819272 |
| ecological niches and blood sources of sand fly in an endemic focus of visceral leishmaniasis in jiuzhaigou, sichuan, china. | sand fly phlebotomus chinensis is a principle vector for the visceral leishmaniasis (vl) in china with a wide geographic distribution. jiuzhaigou, sichuan is a mountain type endemic area of vl in china. long term effective control efforts in the region have successfully reduced vl transmission. to assess the current status of the sand flies and their ecological aspects in the region, a survey was conducted in the summer of 2014 and 2015. | 2016 | 27075573 |
| phlebotomine sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) transmitting visceral leishmaniasis and their geographical distribution in china: a review. | after the existence of phlebotomine sand flies was first reported in china in 1910, the distribution of different species and their role in the transmission of visceral leishmaniasis (vl) have been extensively studied. up until 2008, four species have been verified as vectors of vl, namely, phlebotomus chinensis (ph. sichuanensis), ph. longiductus (ph. chinensis longiductus), ph. wui (ph. major wui), and ph. alexandri. the sand fly species vary greatly depending on the natural environments in th ... | 2016 | 26906187 |
| visceral leishmaniasis in china: an endemic disease under control. | visceral leishmaniasis (vl) caused by leishmania spp. is an important vector-borne and largely zoonotic disease. in china, three epidemiological types of vl have been described: anthroponotic vl (avl), mountain-type zoonotic vl (mt-zvl), and desert-type zvl (dt-zvl). these are transmitted by four different sand fly species: phlebotomus chinensis, p. longiductus, p. wui, and p. alexandri. in 1951, a detailed survey of vl showed that it was rampant in the vast rural areas west, northwest, and nort ... | 0 | 26354822 |
| survey of wild and domestic mammals for infection with leishmania infantum following an outbreak of desert zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis in jiashi, people's republic of china. | in 2008 and 2009, an outbreak of desert-subtype zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis occurred in jiashi county, xinjiang, china. so far, no animal reservoir has been identified for this type of visceral leishmaniasis. therefore, we surveyed the most common mammals (wild and domestic) for leishmania infections during the outbreak in 2008 and 2009 in order to identify the source of the visceral leishmaniasis in this region. spleen, liver, bone marrow and blood samples collected from 86 wood mice (apode ... | 2015 | 26177101 |
| development of a lamp assay for detection of leishmania infantum infection in dogs using conjunctival swab samples. | leishmania infantum infections in dogs play a crucial role in the transmission of pathogens causing visceral leishmaniasis to humans in the gansu province, northwest china. to be able to control zoonotic transmission of the parasite to humans, a non-invasive loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay to specifically detect l. infantum infections in dogs was developed. | 2015 | 26169060 |
| epidemiological feature of visceral leishmaniasis in china, 2004-2012. | visceral leishmaniasis (vl) remains an important public health problem in china. it is essential to elucidate the current epidemiological characteristics of vl for designing control policy. | 0 | 26060776 |
| historical experience in the elimination of visceral leishmaniasis in the plain region of eastern and central china. | visceral leishmaniasis (vl) (kala-azar) was most seriously prevalent in the plain regions of eight provinces/municipalities in the eastern and central parts of china. in the early 1950s, the number of counties/cities endemic for vl and the number of cases in the plain regions accounted for 60% and 80%, respectively, of the total numbers in the entire country. by implementing comprehensive control measures, including treatment of patients for eliminating the source of infection and spraying insec ... | 2014 | 24650707 |
| endemic characteristics of infantile visceral leishmaniasis in the people's republic of china. | visceral leishmaniasis (vl) was once a severe parasitic disease in china. thanks to the great efforts of integrated control, vl was eliminated in most epidemic areas, except for certain western provinces (autonomous region) at the end of 1950s. from then on, vl gained less attention and has seemed to spread, especially in the last 15 years. infants are the most important population threatened by vl. however, there have been few studies on the endemic characteristics of infantile vl in china. | 2013 | 23680411 |
| genetic differentiation between sandfly populations of phlebotomus chinensis and phlebotomus sichuanensis (diptera: psychodidae) in china inferred by microsatellites. | phlebotomus chinensis is a primary vector of visceral leishmaniasis; it occurs in various biotopes with a large geographical distribution, ranging from yangtze river to northeast china. phlebotomus sichuanensis, a species closely related to p. chinensis in high altitude regions, has a long term disputation on its taxonomic status. both species occur in the current epidemic regions and are responsible for the transmission of leishmaniasis. population genetic analysis will help to understand the p ... | 2013 | 23607337 |
| [analysis of polymorphism on ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 in four species of sandflies with pcr-rflp]. | internal transcribed spacer 2 region in 4 species of sandflies from china (phlebotomus chinensis, ph. wui, ph. longiductus and ph. alexandri) was genotyped by pcr-rflp. four kinds of rflp band patterns were created by dra i, that were a 450 bp, b 154 bp/127 bp/93 bp/66 bp/10 hp, c 311 bp/80 bp/60 bp, and d 353 bp/300 bp/160 bp/58 bp. there were identical pattern types in various sandflies, aa in ph. chinensis, bb in ph. alexandri, cc in ph. wui, and dd in ph. longiductus. the results indicated t ... | 2012 | 22908807 |