| dissecting the in vivo metabolic potential of two human gut acetogens. | fermenting microbial communities generate hydrogen; its removal through the production of acetate, methane, or hydrogen sulfide modulates the efficiency of energy extraction from available nutrients in many ecosystems. we noted that pathway components for acetogenesis are more abundantly and consistently represented in the gut microbiomes of monozygotic twins and their mothers than components for methanogenesis or sulfate reduction and subsequently analyzed the metabolic potential of two sequenc ... | 2010 | 20444704 |
| the currently used commercial dna-extraction methods give different results of clostridial and actinobacterial populations derived from human fecal samples. | recently several human health-related microbiota studies have had partly contradictory results. as some differences may be explained by methodologies applied, we evaluated how different storage conditions and commonly used dna-extraction kits affect bacterial composition, diversity, and numbers of human fecal microbiota. according to our results, the dna-extraction did not affect the diversity, composition, or quantity of bacteroides spp., whereas after a week's storage at -20 °c, the numbers of ... | 2011 | 22098067 |
| reclassification of clostridium coccoides, ruminococcus hansenii, ruminococcus hydrogenotrophicus, ruminococcus luti, ruminococcus productus and ruminococcus schinkii as blautia coccoides gen. nov., comb. nov., blautia hansenii comb. nov., blautia hydrogenotrophica comb. nov., blautia luti comb. nov., blautia producta comb. nov., blautia schinkii comb. nov. and description of blautia wexlerae sp. nov., isolated from human faeces. | phenotypic and phylogenetic studies were performed on 15 isolates of an unidentified gram-positive, anaerobic, non-sporulating coccobacillus-shaped bacterium isolated from human faeces. the novel organisms were catalase-negative, indole-negative and produced acetate and succinate as end products of metabolism. comparative 16s rrna gene sequencing demonstrated that the 15 isolates were highly related to each other and formed a hitherto unknown subline within the clostridial rrna cluster xiva. the ... | 2008 | 18676476 |
| isolation of a novel bacterium, blautia glucerasei sp. nov., hydrolyzing plant glucosylceramide to ceramide. | a bacterial strain that is capable of hydrolyzing plant glucosylceramide (glucer) was newly isolated from dog feces. the novel strain, designated as strain hfth-1(t), hydrolyzed plant glucer with a variety of chemical structures, but did not hydrolyze glucosylsphingosine, lactosylceramide, or monosialoganglioside gm(3), indicating that strain hfth-1(t) produces glucer-specific glucosylceramidase. strain hfth-1(t) was gram-positive, anaerobic, oval-spore-forming, rod-shaped, lecithinase-negative, ... | 2010 | 20354843 |
| bacterial transformation of dietary lignans in gnotobiotic rats. | the bioactivity of lignans depends on their transformation by gut bacteria. the intestinal bacteria clostridium saccharogumia, eggerthella lenta, blautia producta and lactonifactor longoviformis convert the plant lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside via secoisolariciresinol (seco) into the bioactive enterolignans enterodiol (ed) and enterolactone (el). while the in vitro conversion of lignans by these bacteria has already been demonstrated, it is unclear whether this defined community is also ... | 2010 | 20370826 |
| pyrosequencing-based analysis of the mucosal microbiota in healthy individuals reveals ubiquitous bacterial groups and micro-heterogeneity. | this study used 16s rrna-based pyrosequencing to examine the microbial community that is closely associated with the colonic mucosa of five healthy individuals. spatial heterogeneity in microbiota was measured at right colon, left colon and rectum, and between biopsy duplicates spaced 1 cm apart. the data demonstrate that mucosal-associated microbiota is comprised of firmicutes (50.9% ± 21.3%), bacteroidetes (40.2% ± 23.8%) and proteobacteria (8.6%± 4.7%), and that interindividual differences we ... | 2011 | 21966408 |
| lignan transformation by gut bacteria lowers tumor burden in a gnotobiotic rat model of breast cancer. | high dietary lignan exposure is implicated in a reduced breast cancer risk in women. the bacterial transformation of plant lignans to enterolignans is thought to be essential for this effect. to provide evidence for this assumption, gnotobiotic rats were colonized with the lignan-converting bacteria clostridium saccharogumia, eggerthella lenta, blautia producta and lactonifactor longoviformis (lcc rats). germ-free rats were used as the control. all animals were fed a lignan-rich flaxseed diet an ... | 2012 | 22080573 |
| blautia stercoris sp. nov., isolated from human feces. | strain gam6-1(t) is a novel, strictly anaerobic and non-spore-forming gram-positive bacterium, which was isolated from the feces of a healthy individual. a comparison of 16s rrna gene sequence similarities indicates that strain gam6-1(t) is most closely related to blautia producta dsm 2950(t) (95.7 %) in the family lachnospiraceae. strain gam6-1(t) did not exhibit either catalase or oxidase activity. cellular fatty acids are of the straight-chain saturated and monounsaturated types, with c(14:0) ... | 2011 | 21571940 |
| human intestinal microbiota: characterization of a simplified and stable gnotobiotic rat model. | the study of host microbe interactions is hampered by the complexity and inter-individual variability of the human gut microbiota. therefore, a simplified human intestinal microbiota (sihumi) consisting of seven bacterial species was introduced into germfree rats. species selection was based on numerical importance and fermentative abilities in the human gut. association of the rats with the sihumi (anaerostipes caccae, bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, bifidobacterium longum, blautia producta, clos ... | 2010 | 21637015 |
| isolation of bacteria from mouse caecal samples and description of bacteroides sartorii sp. nov. | caecal samples from wild-type and tnf(deltaare) mice were cultured on selective media containing bile salts, amino acids or casein macro-peptides. twenty-two strains were isolated and identified by 16s rrna gene sequencing. twenty-one strains showed >98% similarity to known bacteria (blautia spp., clostridium innocuum, enterococcus spp., escherichia coli, lactobacillus murinus, parabacteroides goldsteinii and shigella dysenteriae). one additional isolate, strain a-c2-0, was a new bacterium. the ... | 2010 | 20369227 |
| functional gene analysis suggests different acetogen populations in the bovine rumen and tammar wallaby forestomach. | reductive acetogenesis via the acetyl coenzyme a (acetyl-coa) pathway is an alternative hydrogen sink to methanogenesis in the rumen. functional gene-based analysis is the ideal approach for investigating organisms capable of this metabolism (acetogens). however, existing tools targeting the formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase gene (fhs) are compromised by lack of specificity due to the involvement of formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase (fthfs) in other pathways. acetyl-coa synthase (acs) is unique ... | 2010 | 20889794 |
| pyrosequencing-based molecular monitoring of the intestinal bacterial colonization in preterm infants. | objectives:: to investigate the previously unexplored diversity of neonatal intestinal microbiota and monitor early intestinal colonization patterns in korean preterm infants using high-throughput pyrosequencing technology combined with 16s rdna- based molecular methods methods:: a total of 46,369 partial 16s rdna sequences obtained from 30 fecal samples serially taken from 10 very low birth weight preterm infants were analyzed. results:: a significant proportion of the molecular species (21.9%) ... | 2011 | 21734604 |
| lachnospiraceae and bacteroidales alternative fecal indicators reveal chronic human sewage contamination in an urban harbor. | the complexity of fecal microbial communities and overlap among human and other animal sources has made it difficult to identify source-specific fecal indicator bacteria. however, the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies now provides increased sequencing power to resolve microbial community composition within and among environments. these data can be mined for information on source-specific phylotypes and/or assemblages of phylotypes (i.e. microbial signatures). we report the develo ... | 2011 | 21803887 |
| gut microbiota of healthy elderly nsaid users is selectively modified with the administration of lactobacillus acidophilus ncfm and lactitol. | ageing changes gut microbiota composition and alters immune system function. probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics may improve the health status of elderly individuals by modifying the intestinal environment and the microbiota composition, and by stimulating the immune system. in this work, we studied the effects of synbiotic supplementation on the gut microbiota of healthy elderly volunteers. fifty-one elders were randomly assigned to consume either a synbiotic dietary supplement or a placebo i ... | 2011 | 21853265 |