| studies on the ecology of amblyomma marmoreum koch 1844 (acarnia: ixodidae). | in the eastern cape province of south africa, larvae and nymphs of ablyomma marmoreum koch occur in habitats in which there is tree cover and herbaceous ground cover. immatures of a. marmoreum are parasitic on reptiles, birds, and mammals. adults occur only on reptiles. the major host for all stages is the moutain tortoise (geochelone pardalis), and in the home areas of tortoises the density of ticks is high. larvae are active in late summer and autumn. the rate of feeding is temperature-depende ... | 1975 | 1165558 |
| amblyomma marmoreum on tortoises of southern province, zambia. | reptiles from southern province, zambia were captured and inspected for ticks. seven of 18 tortoises (geochelone pardalis) were infested by small numbers of adults and nymphs of amblyomma marmoreum. under such circumstances, the tick had little apparent effect on the host. none of the 13 specimens representing four species of snakes examined were infested with ticks. | 1989 | 2810567 |
| the treatment of ticks on tortoises using amitraz. | amitraz at a concentration of 2 ml litre-1 of water successfully induced detachment of amblyomma marmoreum and amblyomma hebraeum ticks from the mountain tortoise, geochelone pardalis. detached ticks died without reattaching. at the strength used, amitraz had no apparent adverse effects on the tortoises. | 1988 | 3210221 |
| the developmental success of amblyomma hebraeum and amblyomma marmoreum on the leopard tortoise, geochelone pardalis. | the success of natural infestations of various life history stages of amblyomma hebraeum and amblyomma marmoreum on the leopard tortoise, geochelone pardalis, was compared. success was measured by the time taken for ticks to detach, as well as the percentage of ticks engorging and subsequently either moulting to the next life history stage or laying viable eggs. larvae of a. hebraeum were the only developmental stage not recovered. nymphae and female a. hebraeum were less successful in moulting ... | 1988 | 3353093 |
| records of the bont tick, amblyomma hebraeum, from the angulate tortoise, chersina angulata, and the leopard tortoise, geochelone pardalis. | a. hebraeum nymphae were found on 4 angulate tortoises and 13 leopard tortoises in the addo elephant national park, eastern cape province. adults of this species were collected for the 1st time from a leopard tortoise in the mkuze game reserve, natal. the significance of this finding, in relation to the normal host preferences of this tick, is briefly discussed. | 1984 | 6533508 |
| seasonal abundance of the tortoise tick amblyomma marmoreum (acari: ixodidae) on the leopard tortoise, geochelone paradalis. | a survey of amblyomma marmoreum koch ticks recorded from the leopard tortoise, geochelone paradalis bell, in the national zoological gardens, pretoria, south africa, was carried out over a 19-mo period. no significant differences were found between the tick burdens on male and female tortoises. a. marmoreum showed a clear seasonal pattern of abundance. larvae were present on the tortoise host during late summer, with a peak in february and march; nymphs were abundant during winter, with a peak i ... | 1995 | 7608922 |
| ticks (acarina: ixodidae) of reptiles from central, lusaka and southern provinces of zambia. | during the period 1988-1991, reptiles (23 snakes, 36 tortoises, 25 chameleons and 2 monitor lizards) from central, lusaka and southern provinces of zambia were caught and checked for ticks. only 2 snakes, respectively one python sebae (gmelin, 1789) and one bitis arietans (merrem, 1820), 8 tortoises, respectively seven geochelone pardalis (bell, 1828) and one kinixys belliana (gray, 1831) were found infested with a small number of ticks: nymphs and adults of aponomma latum (koch, 1844) and ambly ... | 1993 | 8065818 |
| acquisition of protective immunity in geochelone pardalis against amblyomma marmoreum (acari:ixodidae) nymphal ticks. | significant increases in serum globulins (alpha 1, alpha 2, beta and gamma) were observed in mountain leopard tortoises (geochelone pardalis) after they had been immunized with nymphal homogenates of amblyomma marmoreum. there was a concomitant significant increase in the numbers of leukocytes (lymphocytes, basophils, monocytes and eosinophils). resistance to nymphal-challenge infestations was manifested by reduced feeding time, lower engorgement masses, and significantly fewer (p < 0.0001) numb ... | 1997 | 9204497 |
| establishment of the tortoise tick amblyomma marmoreum (acari: ixodidae) on a reptile-breeding facility in florida. | the tortoise tick amblyomma marmoreum koch was found to be established on a reptile facility in central florida. over a 5-mo period, 443 ticks were collected from tortoises, dogs, and vegetation. collections from hosts were primarily from 3 species of exotic tortoises, including leopard tortoises, aldabra tortoises, and yellow-footed tortoises. the total numbers of ticks present, the presence of all life stages, and the slow development of this species indicate that this is not a recent infestat ... | 1998 | 9775582 |
| parasites of domestic and wild animals in south africa. xxxv. ixodid ticks and bot fly larvae in the bontebok national park. | ixodid ticks were collected during february of each year from 1983-1992 from bontebok and grey rhebok in the bontebok national park, western cape province. when available other mammals as well as ground-nesting birds and leopard tortoises were examined. eleven tick species were recovered. rhipicephalus nitens followed by rhipicephalus glabroscutatum and an ixodes sp. (near i. pilosus) were the most abundant, while amblyomma marmoreum infested the widest host range. the larvae of three bot files ... | 1998 | 9809325 |
| evidence of cowdria ruminantium infection (heartwater) in amblyomma sparsum ticks found on tortoises imported into florida. | amblyomma marmoreum and a. sparsum ticks were collected from tortoises imported into florida from africa and were tested for cowdria ruminantium infection using a c. ruminantium-specific pcs20 polymerase chain reaction assay. in i shipment imported from zambia, 15 of the 38 a. sparsum male ticks collected from the leopard tortoises (geochelone pardalis) were found to be positive for infection with c. ruminantium. in contrast, all 148 a. marmoreum tested were negative for c. ruminantium infection ... | 2000 | 11128494 |
| detection and isolation of a flavivirus-like agent from a leopard tortoise (geochelone paradalis) in the united kingdom. | | 2001 | 11338718 |
| resistance of leopard tortoises and helmeted guineafowl to cowdria ruminantium infection (heartwater). | experimental infection trials were conducted to investigate susceptibility of leopard tortoises (geochelone pardalis) and helmeted guineafowl (numida meleagris) to infection with cowdria ruminantium, the causative agent of heartwater, a tickborne disease of domestic and wild ruminants. ten guineafowl were inoculated intravenously with a virulent dose of c. ruminantium derived from bovine endothelial cell cultures, and four leopard tortoises were exposed to c. ruminantium infection by the feeding ... | 2001 | 11423187 |
| evaluation of safety and efficacy of acaricides for control of the african tortoise tick (amblyomma marmoreum) on leopard tortoises (geochelone pardalis). | nine acaricides (amitraz, carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, cyfluthrin, fipronil, lindane, permethrin, phenothrin, and pyrethrins) were studied for their efficacy in killing the african tortoise tick (amblyomma marmoreum). only four of the acaricides (chlorpyrifos, cyfluthrin, lindane, and permethrin) produced 100% mortality within 24 hr of application, and only two (cyfluthrin and permethrin) continued to cause 100% mortality when diluted to as low as 1:10,000. five of the acaricides (amitraz, carbaryl, ... | 2002 | 12216793 |
| control and eradication of chelonian tick infestations, with particular reference to vectors of heartwater. | studies using the african tortoise tick (amblyomma marmoreum) and leopard tortoises (geochelone pardalis) demonstrated that cyfluthrin and permethrin were safe and efficacious acaricides for control of amblyomma ticks on tortoises. a protocol was developed that successfully eradicated an a. sparsum infestation from a tortoise breeding facility in florida. it involved treatment of all tortoises with a permethrin formulation, followed by treatment of the premises with a cyfluthrin formulation. sen ... | 2002 | 12381608 |
| pasteurella testudinis associated with respiratory disease and septicaemia in leopard (geochelone pardalis) and other tortoises in south africa. | the first recorded isolates of pasteurella testudinis from south african tortoises kept in captivity is presented. p. testudinis was found in association with respiratory disease in affected animals. | 2003 | 15038428 |
| amoebic enterocolitis and acute myonecrosis in leopard tortoises (geochelone pardalis). | | 2006 | 16632534 |
| hosts, seasonality and geographic distribution of the south african tortoise tick, amblyomma marmoreum. | the tortoise tick amblyomma marmoreum was collected from large numbers of reptiles and other animals during the course of numerous surveys conducted in south africa. a total of 1229 ticks, of which 550 were adults, were recovered from 309 reptiles belonging to 13 species, with leopard tortoises, geochelone pardalis being the most heavily infested. the 269 birds sampled harboured 4901 larvae, 217 nymphs and no adult ticks, and the prevalence of infestation was greatest on helmeted guineafowls, nu ... | 2006 | 16715875 |
| parasites of domestic and wild animals in south africa. xlvii. ticks of tortoises and other reptiles. | a total of 586 reptiles, belonging to 35 species and five subspecies, were examined in surveys aimed at determining the species spectrum and geographic distribution of ticks that infest them. of these reptiles 509 were tortoises, 28 monitor or other lizards, and 49 snakes. nine ixodid tick species, of which seven belonged to the genus amblyomma, and one argasid tick, ornithodoros compactus were recovered. seven of the ten tick species are parasites of reptiles. amongst these seven species amblyo ... | 2006 | 17058444 |
| emerging tick-borne disease in african vipers caused by a cowdria-like organism. | heartwater is a tick-borne infectious disease caused by the rickettsial organism cowdria ruminantium, currently ehrlichia ruminantium. it poses an imminent threat to the western hemisphere, where it could cause mortality in cattle and other ruminant livestock in excess of 70%. it has been reported in the caribbean; and its vector, amblyomma sparsum, has been found on imported african spurred tortoises (geochelone sulcata) and leopard tortoises (geochelone pardalis) in southern florida in the uni ... | 2006 | 17135546 |
| development of a polymerase chain reaction test for entamoeba invadens. | entamoeba invadens is a protozoal parasite of reptiles that causes colitis, abscesses of liver and other organs, and sometimes acute death. it is generally considered a commensal of chelonians but has also been implicated as a cause of colitis, diarrhea, and death in gopher (gopherus polyphemus) and leopard (geochelone pardalis) tortoises. diagnosis of e. invadens is currently by detection of trophozoites and/or cysts upon direct fecal examination. however, definitive diagnosis of e. invadens ha ... | 2008 | 18634210 |
| a redescription of haemogregarina fitzsimonsi dias, 1953 and some comments on haemogregarina parvula dias, 1953 (adeleorina: haemogregarinidae) from southern african tortoises (cryptodira: testudinidae), with new host data and distribution records. | blood films were examined from 154 wild and captive tortoises from four provinces of south africa, including gauteng, kwazulu-natal, north west and western cape. the five species ofchelonians studied were chersina angulata (schweigger), kinixys belliana belliana (gray), k. lobatsiana power, k. natalensis hewitt, and stigmochelys pardalis (bell). two species of haemogregarines, previously reported from mozambique, were identified in blood films, namely haemogregarina fitzsimonsi dias, 1953 and ha ... | 2009 | 19827360 |
| hemoproteids (apicomplexa: haemoproteidae) from south african tortoises (cryptodira: testudinidae). | terrestrial tortoises, chersina angulata (schweigger, 1812), kinixys belliana belliana gray, 1831, k. lobatsiana power, 1927, k. natalensis hewitt, 1935, and stigmochelys pardalis (bell, 1828), both wild (n = 84) and captive (n = 70), were examined for hematozoans from the provinces of gauteng, kwazulu-natal, north west, and western cape, south africa. in giemsa-stained blood films, 2 species of hemoproteids were identified, 1 previously described, that is, haemoproteus testudinalis ( lavera ... | 2010 | 21158631 |
| characterization of a campylobacter fetus-like strain isolated from the faeces of a sick leopard tortoise (stigmochelys pardalis) using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight as an alternative to bacterial 16s rdna phylogeny. | this article describes the isolation and characterization of a campylobacter-like isolate originating from the faeces of a sick leopard tortoise. molecular as well as matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (maldi-tof) characterization suggests that it could correspond to a new campylobacter species. | 2014 | 24313345 |
| parasites of domestic and wild animals in south africa. li. ticks infesting leopard tortoises <i>stigmochelys pardalis</i>, hingeback tortoises <i>kinixys zombensis</i> and angulate tortoises <i>chersina angulata</i>. | the objective of the study was to record the tick species collected from three species of tortoise, each in a different province of south africa. ticks were collected from leopard tortoises, stigmochyles pardalis, in the southern region of the kruger national park, mpumalanga province; from hingeback tortoises, kinixys zombensis, in the enseleni nature reserve, kwazulu-natal province and from angulate tortoises, chersina angulata, in the west coast national park, western cape province. of the 63 ... | 2017 | 28281776 |
| chelonian perivitelline membrane-bound sperm detection: a new breeding management tool. | perivitelline membrane (pvm)-bound sperm detection has recently been incorporated into avian breeding programs to assess egg fertility, confirm successful copulation, and to evaluate male reproductive status and pair compatibility. due to the similarities between avian and chelonian egg structure and development, and because fertility determination in chelonian eggs lacking embryonic growth is equally challenging, pvm-bound sperm detection may also be a promising tool for the reproductive manage ... | 2016 | 26890048 |
| case report of systemic coccidiosis in a radiated tortoise (geochelone radiata). | more than 30 species of coccidian parasites have been described in chelonidae (tortoises and turtles). eimeria spp. are apparently the most common coccidia in chelonians. findings of caryospora cheloniae, isospora sp., and mantonella sp. have also been published, but reports about systemic coccidiosis are rare. we describe a case of a coccidiosis diagnosed cytologically in a radiated tortoise (geochelone radiata) which was captive-bred in germany. infection was systemic and involved the lymphoid ... | 2008 | 17994300 |
| descriptions of tachygonetria africana n. sp. and t. pretoriensis n. sp. and redescriptions of two other species of tachygonetria wedl, 1862 (nematoda: pharyngodonidae), all parasitic in geochelone pardalis (testudinidae) from south africa. | two new species of tachygonetria, t. africana n. sp. and t. pretoriensis n. sp. are described. both are parasites of geochelone pardalis (bell) from south africa. in addition, two subspecies, t. longicollis fitzsimmonsi petter, 1966 and t. macrolaimus macrolaimus (linstow, 1899), also parasites of geochelone pardalis (from pretoria zoo, south africa), are redescribed and new information on their morphology is presented. on the basis of their morphology, these subspecies are raised to full specif ... | 2004 | 15218367 |
| detection of mycoplasma spp., herpesviruses, topiviruses, and ferlaviruses in samples from chelonians in europe. | we tested samples from 1,015 chelonians in europe for mycoplasma spp., herpesviruses, ranaviruses, picornaviruses, and ferlaviruses by pcr. mycoplasma spp. were detected in 42.1% and herpesviruses were detected in 8.0% of tested chelonians. differentiation of the herpesviruses revealed that 46.9% of the detected chelonian viruses were testudinid herpesvirus 1 (tehv-1) and 54.3% were tehv-3, including co-detections of tehv-1 and -3 in 3 tortoises. tehv-4 was detected in a leopard tortoise ( stigm ... | 2017 | 28754074 |
| movement of leopard tortoises in response to environmental and climatic variables in a semi-arid environment. | tortoises (testudinidae) occur in a wide range of environments, providing important ecosystem functions, such as seed dispersal and refuge in the form of burrows. tortoise movement has previously been shown to be related to resource availability, reproductive status and local environmental conditions. however, understanding of the variables that drive their movement remains comparatively low. we investigated aspects of movement in leopard tortoises stigmochelys pardalis-the largest and most abun ... | 2017 | 28331618 |
| detection of testudinid herpesvirus type 4 in a leopard tortoise (stigmochelys pardalis). | several animals from a mixed species collection of tortoises in germany died unexpectedly. some of the affected leopard tortoises (stigmochelys pardalis) from this group showed respiratory signs. samples were collected from one of the ill tortoises, and a mycoplasma spp. and a herpesvirus were detected by pcr. sequencing of a portion of the dna polymerase gene of the herpesvirus showed 99% identity with testudinid herpesvirus 4, previously described only once in a bowsprit tortoise (chersina ang ... | 2016 | 27301060 |
| endoscopy-guided ectopic egg removal from the urinary bladder in a leopard tortoise (stigmochelys pardalis). | egg retention in the urinary bladder of a leopard tortoise was diagnosed by radiography and confirmed by cystoscopy. the egg was removed with a modified polypectomy snare, aided by a flexible endoscope and insufflation. no complications occurred during the procedures and the tortoise made a complete recovery. | 2014 | 24891641 |
| femoral head and neck excision arthroplasty in a leopard tortoise (stigmochelys pardalis). | cases of femoral head and neck excision arthroplasty are infrequently reported in reptiles, and details of surgical technique and clinical outcome in chelonia are lacking. an adult female leopard tortoise (stigmochelys pardalis) was presented with chronic non-weight-bearing lameness of the left hind limb. examination and radiography were consistent with coxofemoral luxation, and as a result of the chronic presentation, surgical intervention was recommended. a cranial approach to the joint via th ... | 2013 | 24450058 |
| computed tomography imaging of a leopard tortoise (geochelone pardalis pardalis) with confirmed pulmonary fibrosis: a case report. | an approximately 20-year-old, female leopard tortoise (geochelone pardalis pardalis) was presented with dypsnea, wheezing, anorexia and depression. whole body radiographs revealed generalized diffuse unstructured 'interstitial lung pattern' with thickened pulmonary septae while computed tomography (ct) showed emphysematous lung parenchyma and thickened pulmonary septae bordered by irregular ground-glass opacity with smaller areas of 'honeycombing'. these imaging findings together with histopatho ... | 2013 | 23618386 |
| body size development of captive and free-ranging leopard tortoises (geochelone pardalis). | the growth and weight development of leopard tortoise hatchings (geochelone pardalis) kept at the al wabra wildlife preservation (awwp), qatar, was observed for more than four years, and compared to data in literature for free-ranging animals on body weight or carapace measurements. the results document a distinctively faster growth in the captive animals. indications for the same phenomenon in other tortoise species (galapagos giant tortoises, g. nigra; spur-thighed tortoises, testudo graeca; d ... | 2010 | 19722272 |
| digestive parameters and water turnover of the leopard tortoise. | leopard tortoises (stigmochelys pardalis) experience wide fluctuations in environmental conditions and unpredictable availability of food and water within the nama-karoo biome. it was hypothesised that tortoises fed two diets differing in preformed water and fibre content would have differing food intake, gut transit rate, assimilation efficiency, faecal and urinary water loss, and urine concentrations. it was predicted that tortoises fed these contrasting diets would attempt to maintain energy ... | 2008 | 18602488 |
| intranuclear coccidiosis in tortoises: nine cases. | chelonian intranuclear coccidiosis has been reported once, in two radiated tortoises (geochelone radiata), and is apparently rare. we describe intranuclear coccidiosis diagnosed histologically in two radiated tortoises, three travancore tortoises (indotestudo forstenii), two leopard tortoises (geochelone pardalis), one bowsprit tortoise (chersina angulata), and one impressed tortoise (manouria impressa). infection was systemic and involved alimentary, urogenital, respiratory, lymphoid, endocrine ... | 2006 | 16672578 |
| influence of the calcium content of the diet offered to leopard tortoises (geochelone pardalis). | twenty-four juvenile leopard tortoises were divided into four groups of six; one group was fed a basic low-calcium feed for six months, and the other three groups were fed the same basic diet supplemented with one, three and nine times the amount of calcium recommended as a supplement to the diet of reptiles. the animals' bone mineral content and bone mineral density were estimated by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, and blood samples were taken at the start and at the conclusion of the study. ... | 2005 | 15980135 |
| magnetic resonance imaging and computerized tomography of a gravid leopard tortoise (geochelone pardalis pardalis) with metabolic bone disease. | secondary nutritional metabolic bone disease was diagnosed in a gravid leopard tortoise (geochelone pardalis pardalis). diagnosis was based upon history, physical examination, hematology, plasma biochemistry, and radiography. despite induced oviposition and treatment of metabolic bone disease for 8 wk, the tortoise's condition deteriorated. repeat radiographs demonstrated gaseous intestinal distention. oral administration of metoclopramide and mineral oil failed to stimulate defecation. persiste ... | 1997 | 9279410 |
| mortality of captive tortoises due to viviparous nematodes of the genus proatractis (family atractidae). | between september 1982 and january 1984, verminous colitis was diagnosed post mortem in eight red-footed tortoises (geochelone carbonaria) and three leopard tortoises (geochelone pardalis) from the reptile collection of the national zoological park. this represented 69% of 16 tortoise necropsy accessions for that period. etiology was determined to be a viviparous pinworm-like nematode of the genus proatractis (family atractidae). clinical signs were either nonspecific, consisting of anorexia, le ... | 1987 | 3820411 |
| pyrogens fail to produce fever in the leopard tortoise geochelone pardalis. | 1. the body temperature of seven tortoises, geochelone pardalis, was measured in a thermal gradient chamber, by indwelling thermocouples, after injection of various pyrogens. 2. the tortoises regulated their body temperature by moving in the chamber. 3. the tortoises did not develop fever in response to any of the pyrogens we tested. 4. the results support the contention that fever in reptiles is not ubiquitous. | 1987 | 2886285 |
| toxicity and efficacy of ivermectin in chelonians. | five red-footed tortoises (geochelone carbonaria) treated for intestinal nematode parasitism with a single im injection of ivermectin (0.4 mg/kg) were found in a state of extreme paresis or flaccid paralysis. one tortoise recovered normal motor function over the next 7 to 10 days. the remaining tortoises died within 3 days of receiving the ivermectin. the only consistent postmortem finding was a marked fatty change in the liver. studies in the red-footed tortoise showed that some paresis will oc ... | 1983 | 6689009 |
| ventilation in an aquatic and a terrestrial chelonian reptile. | 1. periods of breath-holding are interrupted by episodes of continuous breathing in the aquatic turtle pelomedusa subrufa, whereas single breaths and short periods of breath-holding alternate in the terrestrial tortoise testudo pardalis. this implies that partial pressures of o2 and co2 in expired air are stable in testudo in contrast to cyclic fluctuations in pelomedusa. 2. in spite of this, air convection requirements (va/vo2, ml btps/ml stpd) are not significantly different for the two specie ... | 1978 | 624895 |
| semen collection and ejaculate characteristics of the leopard tortoise (stigmochelys pardalis). | the preservation of spermatozoa is an important tool used in conservation programs to increase the genetic diversity of threatened and endangered species. although routinely used to manage conservation programs for higher vertebrates, there have been limited attempts to establish reproductive assistance programs for tortoises. the purpose of this study was to develop a model for collecting and characterizing semen in testudinidae. semen was collected from 13/16 (81.2%, 95% ci: 62-100) adult male ... | 2017 | 29230293 |
| when genes meet nomenclature: tortoise phylogeny and the shifting generic concepts of testudo and geochelone. | we used a five-gene data set (mtdna: 12s rrna, 16s rrna, cyt-b; ndna: cmos, rag2) comprising approximately two-thirds of all extant testudinid species and, for the first time, including all five testudo species to investigate the question of whether all western palaearctic testudinids are monophyletic. further, we examined whether the recently suggested allocation of the african geochelone pardalis in the otherwise exclusively south african genus psammobates and of the malagasy g. yniphora in th ... | 2007 | 17611092 |
| selected biochemical parameters in captive mountain tortoises (geochelone pardalis). | the concentrations of sodium, potassium, chloride, urea, creatinine, uric acid, total protein, albumin, inorganic phosphorous, calcium, magnesium, cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, aspartate and alanine transaminases (ast and alt), creatine kinase (ck), lactic acid dehydrogenase (ld), gamma-glutamyltransferase (ggt), alkaline phosphatase (alp) and total bilirubin in the serum of a captive population of the mountain tortoise (geochelone pardalis) (n = 13) were determined. results varied conside ... | 1993 | 8496893 |
| occurrence and diversity of campylobacter species in captive chelonians. | the aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and diversity of campylobacter species in chelonians. from july 2016 to september 2017, a total of 452 individuals from a large variety of tortoises (n = 366) and turtles/terrapins (n = 86) kept in private collections and breeding centres, wildlife rescue centres, zoos, pet shops, and veterinary clinics from northern italy was sampled and subjected to microbiological examination. campylobacter genus and species confirmation was performed by ... | 2020 | 31928704 |
| ontogenetic and inter-elemental osteohistological variability in the leopard tortoise stigmochelys pardalis. | testudines are a group of reptiles characterized by the presence of a shell covered by keratinous shields. stigmochelys pardalis is the most widely distributed terrestrial testudine in southern africa. although relatively common with some life history traits being well known, the growth of this species has yet to be studied in any detail. the bone microanatomy of this clade differs from that found in other amniotes, where terrestrial species tend to display characteristics normally seen in aquat ... | 2019 | 31871831 |
| intranuclear coccidiosis in tortoises - discovery of its causative agent and transmission. | intranuclear coccidiosis of testudines (known as tinc) is an emerging disease in chelonians. although endogenous stages were repeatedly detected in various tissues, attempts to find the oocysts in faeces failed, leaving the question of the transmission and classification of the causative agent of tinc unresolved. we recorded small spherical oocysts (∼6-7 μm in diameter) of an eimeriid coccidium in faeces of a leopard tortoise (stigmochelys pardalis). sporulated oocysts were used for the experime ... | 2019 | 30481662 |
| investigations on the prevalence of tortoise picorna-virus in captive tortoises in germany. | tortoise picornavirus (topv) has been speculated to play an important role in the frequently seen disease pattern of juvenile shell softening. this study aimed to determine topv prevalence among german tortoise collections. | 2018 | 30541170 |