| the multiplication of queensland and new guinean arboviruses in culex annulirostris skuse and aedes vigilax (skuse) (diptera: culicidae). | | 1975 | 1182050 |
| mosquito (diptera: culicidae) and arbovirus activity on the south coast of new south wales, australia, in 1985-1988. | an investigation of the seasonal activity of adult mosquitoes and arboviruses in two native forests revealed a mosquito fauna comprising 33 species for the mogo state forest-batemans bay locality and 34 species for the termeil state forest. the mosquito aedes vigilax was the most abundant species in salt marshes at mogo state forest-batemans bay, whereas the freshwater species anopheles annulipes s.l. and coquillettidia linealis were most abundant at termeil state forest. major faunal difference ... | 1991 | 1685192 |
| comparison of dry ice baited light traps with human bait collections for surveillance of mosquitoes in northern queensland, australia. | adult mosquitoes were collected from april 1984 to september 1985, at 3 sites at or adjacent to the ross river dam, north queensland. the numbers attracted to dry ice baited encephalitis virus surveillance (evs) light traps and to human bait were similar. both methods sampled 18 taxa and ranked the abundances of culex annulirostris, anopheles annulipes s.l., aedes vigilax, mansonia uniformis and ma. septempunctata similarly at each locality. significant correlations between the 2 methods were fo ... | 1991 | 1686444 |
| relative repellency of two formulations of n,n-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (deet) and permethrin-treated clothing against culex sitiens and aedes vigilax in thailand. | field tests were conducted to compare the effectiveness of 2 repellent formulations of n,n-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (deet) in combination with permethrin-impregnated military uniforms against culex sitiens and aedes vigilax in thailand. repellency was determined during a 2 h crepuscular period using volunteers who had been treated with repellents 6, 8, 10, and 12 h prior to the end of each test period. an extended-duration repellent formulation (edrf) containing 35% deet repelled significantly ... | 1990 | 2098470 |
| the experimental infection of horses with murray valley encephalitis and ross river viruses. | eleven weanling horses were inoculated with murray valley encephalitis and ross river viruses either by intravenous injection or by the bite of culex annulirostris or aedes vigilax mosquitoes infected orally. five of the 11 horses circulated trace amounts of mve virus for 1 to 5d and they infected 7/408 cx annulirostris which subsequently fed on them. haemagglutination-inhibiting antibody persisted at detectable levels for the 24-week observation period. with ross river virus, only one of 11 hor ... | 1987 | 3038067 |
| [arboviral diseases in south-west pacific islands (author's transl)]. | islands of the south-west pacific area belong to the melanesian group, excepted niue, tonga, wallis and futuna which are polynesian. through new guinea, there is a geographic relation to the eastern part of australia, rich of 42 arbovirus types. dengue and ross river fever are the most important arboviral diseases in the region; both affect islanders after introduction of virus by travellers to localities where efficient vectors are present. dengue types 1, 2 and 4 were isolated from man and fro ... | 1981 | 6116150 |
| three modes of transmission of ross river virus by aedes vigilax (skuse). | some 15% of the saltmarsh mosquito, aedes (ochlerotatus) vigilax (skuse) mechanically transmitted the t48 strain of ross river virus from viraemic donors to uninfected recipient suckling mice. the population tested from near brisbane was moderately susceptible to infection (id50=10(4x5+/-0x1) suckling mouse ld50/mosquito) when fed virus diluted in blood on a cotton pledget. rapid proliferation of the virus in the mosquito allowed transmission from 4 days after ingestion with maximum transmission ... | 1982 | 6291499 |
| [survey on filariasis in new caledonia]. | a parasitological survey has been conducted in the localities of new caledonia where foci of subperiodic bancroftian filariasis, transmitted by aedes vigilax, had been observed in 1950-1957. the microfilaremia indices obtained in 1979-1980 are generally lesser than in the past. some foci on the west coast, have disappeared; the other ones are spread along the coasts in the north, north-west, north-east and east of the mainland, one is located in ouvea island. aedes vigilax is highly prevalent in ... | 1984 | 6386205 |
| nucleocapsid and glycoprotein organization in an enveloped virus. | alphaviruses are a group of icosahedral, positive-strand rna, enveloped viruses. the membrane bilayer, which surrounds the approximately 400 a diameter nucleocapsid, is penetrated by 80 spikes arranged in a t = 4 lattice. each spike is a trimer of heterodimers consisting of glycoproteins e1 and e2. cryoelectron microscopy and image reconstruction of ross river virus showed that the t = 4 quaternary structure of the nucleocapsid consists of pentamer and hexamer clusters of the capsid protein, but ... | 1995 | 7867069 |
| surveillance of mosquitoes and arbovirus infection at the ross river dam (stage 1), australia. | this paper describes the temporal and spatial abundance of the mosquito fauna of the ross river dam (stage 1) in northern queensland, australia. culex annulirostris, anopheles annulipes s.l., mansonia uniformis, mansonia septempunctata, and the nondam breeding aedes vigilax were the major species collected by dry ice-supplemented light traps set at various distances from the edge of the reservoir. to estimate the level of arbovirus activity in these different zones, sentinel chicken flocks were ... | 1993 | 7907358 |
| ross river virus isolations from mosquitoes in arid regions of western australia: implication of vertical transmission as a means of persistence of the virus. | outbreaks of mosquito-borne ross river (rr) virus disease (epidemic polyarthritis) occur suddenly in the arid north and interior of the state of western australia, often within a few weeks of heavy rainfall. between outbreaks, these regions may undergo long periods of drought, with little or no mosquito or arbovirus activity. the means by which rr virus is reintroduced or reactivated in these areas when environmental conditions favor mosquito-borne virus activity are unknown. in this paper, we d ... | 1993 | 8279636 |
| [new epidemiological aspects of dengue]. | since the 1940s, the dengue epidemics occur more and more often in the pacific islands with an increased severity. for example, in new caledonia, outbreaks of dengue-like diseases have been reported since the end of the last century but the first epidemic due to an identified virus occurred in 1942-1943 and was caused by the den-1 type. the next, due to the den-2 type, was reported thirty years later, in 1972-1973. after that, three outbreaks burst between 1975 and 1990, caused successively by d ... | 1996 | 8924778 |
| ross river virus in mosquitoes (diptera:culicidae) during the 1994 epidemic around brisbane, australia. | during the summer 1994 outbreak of epidemic polyarthritis in suburban brisbane, 29,931 adult female mosquitoes were collected by octenol-co2 light traps and tested for virus by species in pools of approximately 20 using an in situ enzyme-linked immunoassay. overall, 63 isolations of ross river (rr) virus were made from 7 different mosquito species, including 23 from freshwater-breeding culex annulirostris skuse, 13 from peridomestic aedes notoscriptus (skuse), 4 from aedes procax (skuse), 12 fro ... | 1997 | 9103757 |
| acute and sublethal effects of (s)-methoprene on some australian mosquitoes. | laboratory bioassays were used to determine the efficacy of (s)-methoprene against 7 species of australian mosquitoes. the 90% lethal concentration (lc90) ranged from 0.17 ppb for aedes vigilax to 6.54 ppb for culex sitiens. the survival of adults exposed as larvae to 2 sublethal dosages of (s)-methoprene was compared to a control group. little effect was noted for cx. sitiens and culex annulirostris. however, survival of male and female ae. vigilax was significantly reduced and appeared to be d ... | 1997 | 9249653 |
| the relationship between the density of aedes vigilax (diptera: culicidae) eggshells and environmental factors on kooragang island, new south wales, australia. | knowledge of oviposition sites selected by wetland mosquitoes could improve mosquito control and guide wetland rehabilitation practices to avoid creating or exacerbating a mosquito problem. two studies that enumerated aedes vigilax eggshells found in salt marsh soil on the western portion of kooragang island in new south wales, australia, allowed an evaluation of oviposition sites. in one study, the density of eggshells found in samples collected from a large area was related to environmental fa ... | 1997 | 9474563 |
| an overview of remote sensing and gis for surveillance of mosquito vector habitats and risk assessment. | this paper provides a brief nontechnical overview of the use of remote sensing to achieve multiple objectives, focusing on mosquito management. it also shows how geographic information systems, combined with remote sensing analysis, have the potential to assist in minimizing disease risk. examples are used from subtropical queensland, australia, where the salt marsh mosquito, aedes vigilax, and the freshwater species, culex annulirostris, are vectors of human arbovirus diseases such as ross rive ... | 1998 | 9673930 |
| experimental infection and transmission of barmah forest virus by aedes vigilax (diptera: culicidae). | aedes vigilax (skuse) mosquitoes colonized from townsville, queensland, australia, were fed on blood containing barmah forest virus (bf) isolated from the same species. the colony was susceptible to infection, with an id50 of 10(2.6) ccid50 per mosquito. infection and transmission rates for mosquitoes fed 10(3.5) ccid50 virus per mosquito varied from 58 to 100% and 36 to 100%, respectively, between days 3 and 13 after infection. titers in infected mosquitoes were high by 5 d after infection and ... | 1999 | 10083756 |
| towards management of mosquitoes at homebush bay, sydney, australia. i. seasonal activity and relative abundance of adults of aedes vigilax, culex sitiens, and other salt-marsh species, 1993-94 through 1997-98. | the mosquitoes associated with 2 saline wetlands at homebush bay, sydney, australia, were investigated over 5 consecutive seasons. twenty-one species were collected in adult traps at the 2 sites but the saline wetlands supported larvae of only 4 species: aedes alternans, aedes camptorhynchus, aedes vigilax, and culex sitiens. of these, ae. vigilax and cx. sitiens were the most common, and their peak abundances generally occurred during february and april, respectively. both wetlands were influen ... | 1999 | 10412120 |
| spatial and temporal analysis of ross river virus disease patterns at maroochy shire, australia: association between human morbidity and mosquito (diptera: culicidae) abundance. | notifications of ross river (rr) virus disease in maroochy shire were mapped according to the patient's place of residence, and standardized morbidity ratios were calculated for each of 11 census districts, with 4 areas having higher than average overall rates of rr virus disease notification. temporal analysis of rr virus disease notifications from each of the 11 areas indicated that epidemics of rr virus disease either were widespread, resulting in higher than average numbers of cases from the ... | 1999 | 10467782 |
| peritrophins of adult dipteran ectoparasites and their evaluation as vaccine antigens. | several peritrophins of larvae of lucilia cuprina (sheep blowfly) have demonstrated potential as vaccine antigens, and some have been characterised and cloned. these proteins are tightly associated with the peritrophic matrix, a chitinous tube or sac lining the lumen of the gut of most insects. the peritrophins require strong denaturants for their removal from peritrophic matrix. we now report the preliminary characterisation of peritrophins of the adult stage of l. cuprina and haematobia irrita ... | 1999 | 10579425 |
| vector competence of mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) from maroochy shire, australia, for barmah forest virus. | mosquitoes were collected in light traps from maroochy shire and fed on blood containing the sympatric bf1611 strain of barmah forest virus (bf). saltmarsh aedes vigilax (skuse) and freshwater aedes procax (skuse) were highly susceptible to infection, with id50s of 10(1.7) and 10(1.5) african green monkey kidney (vero) cell culture infectious dose, 50% endpoint (ccid50) per mosquito, respectively, followed by aedes multiplex (theobald) and aedes funereus (theobald) with 10(2.5) and 10(3.2) ccid5 ... | 1999 | 10593091 |
| barmah forest virus epidemic on the south coast of new south wales, australia, 1994-1995: viruses, vectors, human cases, and environmental factors. | in 1995, the largest recorded outbreak of human disease resulting from infection with the mosquito transmitted alphavirus barmah forest (bf) virus occurred along the south coast of new south wales, australia. the virus was first isolated in early january from mosquitoes collected at batemans bay and predisposed the recognition of 135 human clinical cases. the cases of bf virus were identified initially from batemans bay during late january, and the majority (30%) of all cases came from this town ... | 1999 | 10593092 |
| dissemination barriers to ross river virus in aedes vigilax and the effects of larval nutrition on their expression. | effects of larval nutrition on vector competence of the mosquito aedes vigilax (skuse) (diptera: culicidae) from townsville, north queensland, for ross river virus (rr) were examined. larvae were reared on three different diets to create three significantly different size classes of adult mosquito. these were fed on serial dilutions of rr and then sampled on alternate days so the progression of the virus through the mosquito could be examined. no differences of vector competence could be attribu ... | 1999 | 10608233 |
| mosquito isolates of ross river virus from cairns, queensland, australia. | during 1996-1998 60,619 mosquitoes were collected around cairns, australia and processed for alphavirus isolation. thirty-three isolates of ross river (rr) virus were made from 9 species, aedes imprimens, aedes kochi, aedes notoscriptus, aedes vigilax, culex annulirostris, culex gelidus, mansonia septempunctata, verrallina (formerly aedes) carmenti, and verrallina lineatus. attempts to isolate rr virus from 121 aedes aegypti were unsuccessful. twenty-six (79%) of the isolates came from within 1 ... | 2000 | 11289664 |
| evaluation of liquid bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis products for control of australian aedes arbovirus vectors. | laboratory bioassay studies were conducted in southeast queensland, australia, on the efficacy of teknar, vectobac 12as, and cybate (active ingredient: 1,200 international toxic units bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis [bti]) against 3rd instars of the arbovirus vectors aedes aegypti, ae. notoscriptus, ae. vigilax, and ae. camptorhynchus. probit analyses were then used to determine ld50 (median lethal dose), ld50, and lethal dose ratios (ldr). aedes aegypti and ae. notoscriptus, both contai ... | 2001 | 11345425 |
| entomological investigations of an outbreak of japanese encephalitis virus in the torres strait, australia, in 1998. | japanese encephalitis (je) virus first appeared in australia in 1995, when three clinical cases (two fatal) were diagnosed in residents on badu island in the torres strait, northern queensland. more recently, two confirmed human je cases were reported in the torres strait islands and cape york peninsula, in northern queensland in 1998. shortly after je virus activity was detected in humans and sentinel pigs on badu island in 1998, adult mosquitoes were collected using co2 and octenol-baited cdc ... | 2001 | 11476340 |
| ross river virus transmission, infection, and disease: a cross-disciplinary review. | ross river virus (rrv) is a fascinating, important arbovirus that is endemic and enzootic in australia and papua new guinea and was epidemic in the south pacific in 1979 and 1980. infection with rrv may cause disease in humans, typically presenting as peripheral polyarthralgia or arthritis, sometimes with fever and rash. rrv disease notifications in australia average 5,000 per year. the first well-described outbreak occurred in 1928. during world war ii there were more outbreaks, and the name ep ... | 2001 | 11585790 |
| experimental infection of australian brushtail possums, trichosurus vulpecula (phalangeridae: marsupialia), with ross river and barmah forest viruses by use of a natural mosquito vector system. | brushtail possums, trichosurus vulpecula kerr, were experimentally infected with ross river (rr) or barmah forest (bf) virus by aedes vigilax (skuse) mosquitoes. eight of 10 animals exposed to rr virus developed neutralizing antibody, and 3 possums developed high viremia for < 48 hr after infection, sufficient to infect recipient mosquitoes. two of 10 animals exposed to bf virus developed neutralizing antibody. both infected possums maintained detectable neutralizing antibody to bf for at least ... | 2001 | 11791974 |
| enhancement or modulation of the vector competence of ochlerotatus vigilax (diptera: culicidae) for ross river virus by temperature. | two different doses of ross river virus (rr) were fed to ochlerotatus vigilax (skuse), the primary coastal vector in australia; and blood engorged females were held at different temperatures up to 35 d. after ingesting 10(4.3) ccid50/mosquito, mosquitoes reared at 18 and 25 degrees c (and held at the same temperature) had higher body remnant and head and salivary gland titers than those held at 32 degrees c. although infection rates were comparable. at 18, 25, and 32 degrees c, respectively, vir ... | 2002 | 11931278 |
| assessment of the potential of dogs and cats as urban reservoirs of ross river and barmah forest viruses. | to determine whether dogs and cats are potential reservoirs of ross river (rr) and barmah forest (bf) viruses | 2002 | 12180886 |
| vector competence of australian mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) for japanese encephalitis virus. | australian mosquitoes were evaluated for their ability to become infected with and transmit a torres strait strain of japanese encephalitis virus. mosquitoes, which were obtained from either laboratory colonies and collected using centers for disease control and prevention light traps baited with co2 and octenol or reared from larvae, were infected by feeding on a blood/sucrose solution containing 10(4.5 +/- 0.1) porcine stable-equine kidney (ps-ek) tissue culture infectious dose50/mosquito of t ... | 2003 | 12597658 |
| collection of wind-borne haematophagous insects in the torres strait, australia. | circumstantial evidence has implicated wind-borne mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) in the introduction of japanese encephalitis (je) virus into australia from the new guinea mainland. a study was initiated on saibai island in the northern torres strait, during january and february 2000, to identify the potential source of insects collected in aerial (kytoon) and surface-level traps. wind speed and direction were recorded to determine wind profiles during insect sampling. northerly winds capable o ... | 2003 | 12680932 |
| flavivirus isolations from mosquitoes collected from western cape york peninsula, australia, 1999-2000. | after the 1st appearance of japanese encephalitis virus (je) on mainland australia in 1998, a study was undertaken to investigate whether je had become established in enzootic transmission cycles on western cape york peninsula. adult mosquitoes were collected during the late wet season from kowanyama and pormpuraaw in april 1999, and pormpuraaw and barr's yard in april 2000. despite processing 269,270 mosquitoes for virus isolation, no isolates of je were obtained. however, other flaviviruses co ... | 2003 | 14710742 |
| efficacy of vectobac (bacillus thuringiensis variety israelensis) formulations for mosquito control in australia. | laboratory bioassays were conducted on the efficacy of a water-dispersible granule (wg) formulation of bacillus thuringiensis variety israelensis (vectobac wg; active ingredient [ai]: 3,000 bti international toxic units [itu]/mg) against third instars of six common australian mosquito species, aedes aegypti (l.), ochlerotatus vigilax (skuse), ochlerotatus notoscriptus (skuse), culex sitiens wiedemann, culex annulirostris skuse, and culex quinquefasciatus say. the normal model for log-linear mort ... | 2003 | 14977116 |
| occurrence of ross river virus and barmah forest virus in mosquitoes at shoalwater bay military training area, queensland, australia. | shoalwater bay military training area (swbta), 2,713 km2 of land located 50-80 km north of rockhampton, queensland, australia, is used by australian and allied forces for training purposes. between march 1998 and february 2000, monthly collections of mosquitoes at 15 sites were conducted using carbon dioxide-baited traps to study the seasonal occurrence of mosquitoes and ross river virus (rrv) and barmah forest virus (bfv) in mosquitoes. a total of 72,616 mosquitoes, comprising 3,897 pools were ... | 2004 | 14989354 |
| definition of ross river virus vectors at maroochy shire, australia. | evidence of ross river (rr) virus infection in field-collected mosquitoes and data from laboratory vector competence experiments incriminated a range of mosquito species as important vectors of rr virus in maroochy shire, queensland, australia. nine rr and 2 barmah forest virus isolates were recovered from 27,529 mosquitoes collected in light traps from maroochy shire during 1996. nine of the 10 most abundant mosquito species collected in light traps were fed on blood containing the b94/20 strai ... | 2000 | 15218919 |
| climatic, high tide and vector variables and the transmission of ross river virus. | this report assesses the impact of the variability in environmental and vector factors on the transmission of ross river virus (rrv) in brisbane, australia. poisson time series regression analyses were conducted using monthly data on the counts of rrv cases, climate variables (southern oscillation index and rainfall), high tides and mosquito density for the period of 1998-2001. the results indicate that increases in the high tide (relative risk (rr): 1.65; 95% confidence interval (ci): 1.20-2.26 ... | 2005 | 16248864 |
| characterization of ross river virus tropism and virus-induced inflammation in a mouse model of viral arthritis and myositis. | mosquito-borne alphaviruses are a significant cause of both encephalitic and arthritic disease in humans worldwide. in contrast to the encephalitic alphaviruses, the pathogenesis of alphavirus-induced arthritic disease is not well understood. utilizing a mouse model of ross river virus (rrv) disease, we found that the primary targets of rrv infection are bone, joint, and skeletal muscle tissues of the hind limbs in both outbred cd-1 mice and adult c57bl/6j mice. moreover, histological analyses d ... | 2006 | 16378976 |
| comparison of carbon dioxide- and octenol-baited encephalitis virus surveillance mosquito traps at the shoal water bay training area, queensland, australia. | the use of octenol in combination with carbon dioxide (co2)-baited encephalitis virus surveillance (evs) mosquito traps was evaluated under simulated wartime operational conditions during operation tandem thrust (tt01) at the shoalwater bay training area, queensland, australia in 2001. a greater number of mosquito species were captured in traps baited with octenol plus co2 than those baited with co2 or octenol in the saltwater marsh, freshwater beach. in the inland environments of camp growl and ... | 2005 | 16506585 |
| targeted trapping of mosquito vectors in the chesapeake bay area of maryland. | most adult mosquito surveillance in maryland is performed using dry ice-baited or unbaited centers for disease control (cdc) miniature light traps suspended approximately 1.5 m above the ground. however, standardized trapping methods may miss mosquito species involved in disease transmission cycles. during a 2-yr study, the effectiveness of the olfactory attractant 1-octen-3-ol alone and in combination with carbon dioxide was evaluated for collecting mosquito vector species. in addition, trap he ... | 2006 | 16619593 |
| mosquito species (diptera: culicidae) and the transmission of ross river virus in brisbane, australia. | this study aimed to identify the major mosquito vectors of ross river virus (family togaviridae, genus alphavirus, rrv) and to explore the threshold of mosquito abundance necessary for rrv transmission in brisbane, australia. data on the monthly counts of rrv cases by statistical local areas from the queensland health and the monthly mosquito abundance in brisbane between november 1998 and december 2001 from the brisbane city council were used to assess the pairwise relationship between mosquito ... | 2006 | 16619624 |
| ross river virus disease clusters and spatial relationship with mosquito biting exposure in redland shire, southern queensland, australia. | the spatial heterogeneity in the risk of ross river virus (family togaviridae, genus alphavirus, rrv) disease, the most common mosquito-borne disease in australia, was examined in redland shire in southern queensland, australia. disease cases, complaints from residents of intense mosquito biting exposure, and human population data were mapped using a geographic information system. surface maps of rrv disease age-sex standardized morbidity ratios and mosquito biting complaint morbidity ratios wer ... | 2006 | 17017245 |
| experimental infection of culex annulirostris, culex gelidus, and aedes vigilax with a yellow fever/japanese encephalitis virus vaccine chimera (chimerivax-je). | australian mosquitoes from which japanese encephalitis virus (jev) has been recovered (culex annulirostris, culex gelidus, and aedes vigilax) were assessed for their ability to be infected with the chimerivax-je vaccine, with yellow fever vaccine virus 17d (yf 17d) from which the backbone of chimerivax-je vaccine is derived and with jev-nakayama. none of the mosquitoes became infected after being fed orally with 6.1 log(10) plaque-forming units (pfu)/ml of chimerivax-je vaccine, which is greater ... | 2006 | 17038690 |
| differential induction of type i interferon responses in myeloid dendritic cells by mosquito and mammalian-cell-derived alphaviruses. | dendritic cells (dcs) are an important early target cell for many mosquito-borne viruses, and in many cases mosquito-cell-derived arboviruses more efficiently infect dcs than viruses derived from mammalian cells. however, whether mosquito-cell-derived viruses differ from mammalian-cell-derived viruses in their ability to induce antiviral responses in the infected dendritic cell has not been evaluated. in this report, alphaviruses, which are mosquito-borne viruses that cause diseases ranging from ... | 2007 | 17079324 |
| role of verrallina funerea (diptera: culicidae) in transmission of barmah forest virus and ross river virus in coastal areas of eastern australia. | verrallina funerea (theobald) (diptera: culicidae) is a brackish water mosquito species found most commonly in indonesia, papua new guinea, and the northeastern coastal regions of australia. aspects of the vector competence of this species for barmah forest virus (family togaviridae, genus alphavirus, bfv) and ross river virus (family togaviridae, genus alphavirus, rrv), two medically important arboviruses in australia, were investigated. laboratory-reared ve. funerea were moderately susceptible ... | 2006 | 17162959 |
| complement contributes to inflammatory tissue destruction in a mouse model of ross river virus-induced disease. | arthritogenic alphaviruses, including ross river virus (rrv) and chikungunya virus, are mosquito-borne viruses that cause significant human disease worldwide, including explosive epidemics that can result in thousands to millions of infected individuals. similar to infection of humans, infection of c57bl/6 mice with rrv results in severe monocytic inflammation of bone, joint, and skeletal muscle tissues. we demonstrate here that the complement system, an important component of the innate immune ... | 2007 | 17314163 |
| mosquito feeding patterns and natural infection of vertebrates with ross river and barmah forest viruses in brisbane, australia. | host feeding patterns of mosquitoes were assessed through the identification of 865 blood meals collected from brisbane during 2000-2001. under natural conditions, mosquito feeding (including that of culex annulirostris, aedes vigilax, and aedes notoscriptus) was primarily on dogs (37.4%), but also on birds (18.4%), horses (16.8%), brushtail possums (13.3%), humans (11.6%), and cats, flying foxes, and macropods, depending on site. from 1997 to 1999, sera (n=1706) were collected from dogs, cats, ... | 2007 | 17360861 |
| ecology of invasive mosquitoes: effects on resident species and on human health. | investigations of biological invasions focus on patterns and processes that are related to introduction, establishment, spread and impacts of introduced species. this review focuses on the ecological interactions operating during invasions by the most prominent group of insect vectors of disease, mosquitoes. first, we review characteristics of non-native mosquito species that have established viable populations, and those invasive species that have spread widely and had major impacts, testing wh ... | 2005 | 17637849 |
| experimental infection of aedes sollicitans and aedes taeniorhynchus with two chimeric sindbis/eastern equine encephalitis virus vaccine candidates. | two chimeric vaccine candidates for eastern equine encephalitis virus (eeev) were developed by inserting the structural protein genes of either a north american (na) or south american (sa) eeev into a sindbis virus (sinv) backbone. to assess the effect of chimerization on mosquito infectivity, experimental infections of two potential north american bridge vectors of eeev, aedes sollicitans and ae. taeniorhynchus, were attempted. both species were susceptible to oral infection with all viruses af ... | 2008 | 18187790 |
| predictive indicators for ross river virus infection in the darwin area of tropical northern australia, using long-term mosquito trapping data. | to describe the epidemiology of ross river virus (rrv) infection in the endemic darwin region of tropical northern australia and to develop a predictive model for rrv infections. | 2008 | 18482196 |
| temperature, viral genetics, and the transmission of west nile virus by culex pipiens mosquitoes. | the distribution and intensity of transmission of vector-borne pathogens can be strongly influenced by the competence of vectors. vector competence, in turn, can be influenced by temperature and viral genetics. west nile virus (wnv) was introduced into the united states of america in 1999 and subsequently spread throughout much of the americas. previously, we have shown that a novel genotype of wnv, wn02, first detected in 2001, spread across the us and was more efficient than the introduced gen ... | 2008 | 18584026 |
| complement receptor 3 promotes severe ross river virus-induced disease. | alphaviruses such as ross river virus (rrv) and chikungunya virus are mosquito-transmitted viruses that cause explosive epidemics of debilitating arthritis and myositis affecting millions of humans worldwide. previous studies using a mouse model of rrv-induced disease demonstrated that viral infection results in a severe inflammatory arthritis and myositis and that complement component 3 (c3) contributes to the destructive phase of the inflammatory disease but not the recruitment of cellular inf ... | 2008 | 18787004 |
| climate variability, social and environmental factors, and ross river virus transmission: research development and future research needs. | arbovirus diseases have emerged as a global public health concern. however, the impact of climatic, social, and environmental variability on the transmission of arbovirus diseases remains to be determined. | 2008 | 19079707 |
| predicting the timing and magnitude of tropical mosquito population peaks for maximizing control efficiency. | the transmission of mosquito-borne diseases is strongly linked to the abundance of the host vector. identifying the environmental and biological precursors which herald the onset of peaks in mosquito abundance would give health and land-use managers the capacity to predict the timing and distribution of the most efficient and cost-effective mosquito control. we analysed a 15-year time series of monthly abundance of aedes vigilax, a tropical mosquito species from northern australia, to determine ... | 2009 | 19238191 |
| isolation of buggy creek virus (togaviridae: alphavirus) from field-collected eggs of oeciacus vicarius (hemiptera: cimicidae). | alphaviruses (togaviridae) rarely have been found to be vertically transmitted from female arthropods to their progeny. we report two isolations of buggy creek virus (bcrv), an ecologically unusual alphavirus related to western equine encephalomyelitis virus, from field-collected eggs of cimicid swallow bugs (oeciacus vicarius horvath), the principal vector for bcrv. ten percent of egg pools were positive for bcrv, and we estimated minimum infection rates to be 1.03 infected eggs per 1,000 teste ... | 2009 | 19351091 |
| quality assurance of aerial applications of larvicides for mosquito control: effects of granule and catch tray size on field monitoring programs. | aerial applications of granular insecticides are preferable because they can effectively penetrate vegetation, there is less drift, and no loss of product due to evaporation. we aimed to 1) assess the field efficacy ofvectobac g to control aedes vigilax (skuse) in saltmarsh pools, 2) develop a stochastic-modeling procedure to monitor application quality, and 3) assess the distribution of vectobac g after an aerial application. because ground-based studies with ae. vigilax immatures found that ve ... | 2009 | 19449629 |
| stone lakes virus (family togaviridae, genus alphavirus), a variant of fort morgan virus isolated from swallow bugs (hemiptera: cimicidae) west of the continental divide. | multiple isolates of an alphaviruses within the western equine encephalomyelitis-serocomplex that were related closely to ft. morgan and its variant buggy creek virus were made from swallow bugs, oeciacus vicarius horvath (hemiptera: cimicidae), collected from cliff swallow (petrochelidon pyrrhonota) nests at the stone lakes national wildlife refuge, sacramento county, ca, during the summers of 2005 and 2006. this virus (hereafter stone lakes virus, family togaviridae, genus alphavirus, stlv) wa ... | 2009 | 19769055 |
| arboviruses isolated from mosquitoes collected from urban and peri-urban areas of eastern australia. | to determine the presence of arboviruses in mosquito populations from major urban areas of eastern australia, a total of 67,825 mosquitoes, representing -60 species, was collected and tested from cairns, brisbane, and sydney between january 2005 and april 2008. mosquito pools were screened by inoculation onto mosquito cell cultures and the detection of viral antigen using a panel of flavivirus and alphavirus monoclonal antibodies in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. suspect positive samples ... | 2009 | 19852216 |
| vector competence of australian mosquitoes for chikungunya virus. | chikungunya virus (chikv) is a globally emerging arbovirus responsible for unprecedented outbreaks in the western indian ocean, the indian subcontinent and italy. to assess the receptivity of australia to chikv, we exposed 10 australian mosquito species to a 2006 strain of chikv isolated from a viremic traveler from mauritius. in susceptibility trials, the infectious dose required to infect 50% of the mosquitoes was 10(0.6) cell culture infectious dose (ccid)(50)/mosquito for aedes procax, 10(1. ... | 2010 | 19877822 |
| comparative field evaluation of repellent formulations containing deet and ir3535 against mosquitoes in queensland, australia. | field trials comparing repellent formulations containing ir3535 (ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate) and deet (n,n-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide) against mosquitoes in queensland, australia, were conducted. two repellents were compared: avon bug guard, containing 7.5% ir3535; and australian defense force (adf) deet, containing 35% deet in a gel. two tests were conducted, one in february-march 2006, and the second in february 2007. in the 1st test, the predominant mosquito species collected were manson ... | 2009 | 20099600 |
| difference in mosquito species (diptera: culicidae) and the transmission of ross river virus between coastline and inland areas in brisbane, australia. | this study examined the distribution of major mosquito species and their roles in the transmission of ross river virus (rrv) infection for coastline and inland areas in brisbane, australia (27 degrees 28' s, 153 degrees 2' e). we obtained data on the monthly counts of rrv cases in brisbane between november 1998 and december 2001 by statistical local areas from the queensland department of health and the monthly mosquito abundance from the brisbane city council. correlation analysis was used to a ... | 2010 | 20146843 |
| blood feeding patterns of mosquitoes: random or structured? | abstract: | 2010 | 20205866 |
| organ-associated muscles in aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) respond differentially to sindbis virus. | differential host cell responses to the alphavirus sindbis were observed in visceral muscles of the adult female mosquito aedes albopictus. following intrathoracic inoculation with sin, muscles associated with the midgut, hindgut, and ovary resulted in clearance, persistence, and refractoriness to virus, respectively. prominent sarcomeres characteristic of myofilaments were identified in muscles associated with these three organs by phalloidin labeling of actin, confirming these cells as muscle. ... | 2010 | 20380303 |
| bayesian spatiotemporal analysis of socio-ecologic drivers of ross river virus transmission in queensland, australia. | this study aims to examine the impact of socio-ecologic factors on the transmission of ross river virus (rrv) infection and to identify areas prone to social and ecologic-driven epidemics in queensland, australia. we used a bayesian spatiotemporal conditional autoregressive model to quantify the relationship between monthly variation of rrv incidence and socio-ecologic factors and to determine spatiotemporal patterns. our results show that the average increase in monthly rrv incidence was 2.4% ( ... | 2010 | 20810846 |
| a geospatial evaluation of aedes vigilax larval control efforts across a coastal wetland, northern territory, australia. | adjacent to the northern suburbs of darwin is a coastal wetland that contains important larval habitats for aedes vigilax (skuse), the northern salt marsh mosquito. this species is a vector for ross river virus and barmah forest virus, as well as an appreciable human pest. in order to improve aerial larval control efforts, we sought to identify the most important vegetation categories and climatic/seasonal aspects associated with control operations in these wetlands. by using a generalized linea ... | 2009 | 20836835 |
| environmental monitoring to enhance comprehension and control of infectious diseases. | in a world of emerging and resurging infectious diseases, dominated by zoonoses, environmental monitoring plays a vital role in our understanding their dynamics and their spillover to humans. here, we critically review the ecology, epidemiology and need for monitoring of a variety of directly transmitted (sin nombre virus, avian influenza) and vector-borne (ross river virus, west nile virus, lyme disease, anaplasmosis and babesiosis) zoonoses. we focus on the valuable role that existing monitori ... | 2010 | 20957286 |
| mutations in nsp1 and pe2 are critical determinants of ross river virus-induced musculoskeletal inflammatory disease in a mouse model. | the viral determinants of alphavirus-induced rheumatic disease have not been elucidated. we identified an rrv strain (dc5692) which, in contrast to the t48 strain, does not induce musculoskeletal inflammation in a mouse model of rrv disease. substitution of the rrv t48 strain nonstructural protein 1 (nsp1) coding sequence with that from strain dc5692 generated a virus that was attenuated in vivo despite similar viral loads in tissues. in contrast, substitution of the t48 pe2 coding region with t ... | 2010 | 21131014 |
| newly recognized mosquito-associated viruses in mainland china, in the last two decades. | there are four principal arboviruses in mainland china. two kinds of them are mosquito-borne viruses, namely japanese encephalitis virus and dengue virus, which lead to japanese encephalitis, and dengue fever/dengue hemorrhagic fever respectively; the other two are tick-borne viruses, namely tick-borne encephalitis virus and crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (also known as xinjiang hemorrhagic fever virus), which contribute to tick-borne encephalitis and xinjiang hemorrhagic fever respective ... | 2011 | 21314994 |
| linking individual phenotype to density-dependent population growth: the influence of body size on the population dynamics of malaria vectors. | understanding the endogenous factors that drive the population dynamics of malaria mosquitoes will facilitate more accurate predictions about vector control effectiveness and our ability to destabilize the growth of either low- or high-density insect populations. we assessed whether variation in phenotypic traits predict the dynamics of anopheles gambiae sensu lato mosquitoes, the most important vectors of human malaria. anopheles gambiae dynamics were monitored over a six-month period of season ... | 2011 | 21389034 |
| the spatial distribution of ross river virus infections in brisbane: significance of residential location and relationships with vegetation types. | for the study area of brisbane city (population 800,000), australia, 2160 cases of ross river virus (rrv) infections from the years 1991 to 1996 were geocoded. their spatial distribution was investigated using census data at the suburb level (162 units). infection rates have been calculated and adjusted to the age distribution within each suburb. signed chi-square tests showed that a large number of suburbs has significantly high or low infection rates. using principal component factor analysis ... | 2000 | 21432483 |
| genetic characterization of k13965, a strain of oak vale virus from western australia. | k13965, an uncharacterized virus, was isolated in 1993 from anopheles annulipes mosquitoes collected in the kimberley region of northern western australia. here, we report its genomic sequence, identify it as a rhabdovirus, and characterize its phylogenetic relationships. the genome comprises a p' (c) and sh protein similar to the recently characterized tupaia and durham viruses, and shows overlap between g and l genes. comparison of k13965 genome sequence to other rhabdoviruses identified k1396 ... | 2011 | 21740935 |
| surveillance should be strengthened to improve epidemiological understandings of mosquito-borne barmah forest virus infection. | barmah forest virus (bfv) is a mosquito-borne virus causing epidemic polyarthritis in australia. this study used case follow-up of cases from the surveillance system to demonstrate that routinely collected bfv notification data were an unreliable indicator of the true location of exposure. | 2012 | 23908926 |
| mosquito communities and disease risk influenced by land use change and seasonality in the australian tropics. | anthropogenic land use changes have contributed considerably to the rise of emerging and re-emerging mosquito-borne diseases. these diseases appear to be increasing as a result of the novel juxtapositions of habitats and species that can result in new interchanges of vectors, diseases and hosts. we studied whether the mosquito community structure varied between habitats and seasons and whether known disease vectors displayed habitat preferences in tropical australia. | 2016 | 27388293 |
| global emergence of alphaviruses that cause arthritis in humans. | arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) may cause severe emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, which pose a significant threat to human and animal health in the world today. these infectious diseases range from mild febrile illnesses, arthritis, and encephalitis to haemorrhagic fevers. it is postulated that certain environmental factors, vector competence, and host susceptibility have a major impact on the ecology of arboviral diseases. presently, there is a great interest in the emergence ... | 2015 | 26689654 |
| development and field evaluation of the sentinel mosquito arbovirus capture kit (smack). | although sentinel animals are used successfully throughout the world to monitor arbovirus activity, ethical considerations and cross-reactions in serological assays highlight the importance of developing viable alternatives. here we outline the development of a passive sentinel mosquito arbovirus capture kit (smack) that allows for the detection of arboviruses on honey-baited nucleic acid preservation cards (flinders technology associates; fta®) and has a similar trap efficacy as standard light ... | 2015 | 26444264 |
| comparing aedes vigilax eggshell densities in saltmarsh and mangrove systems with implications for management. | aedes vigilax (skuse), a nuisance and disease vector, is prolific in intertidal wetlands in australia. aedine mosquitoes oviposit directly onto substrate. the eggshells are relatively stable spatially and temporally, providing an estimate of mosquito larval production. the aims of the research were to compare, at a general level, oviposition in mangroves and saltmarshes, and to compare oviposition between different habitats within mangroves and saltmarshes. the results indicated that there were ... | 2014 | 26462954 |
| enhanced arbovirus surveillance with deep sequencing: identification of novel rhabdoviruses and bunyaviruses in australian mosquitoes. | viral metagenomics characterizes known and identifies unknown viruses based on sequence similarities to any previously sequenced viral genomes. a metagenomics approach was used to identify virus sequences in australian mosquitoes causing cytopathic effects in inoculated mammalian cell cultures. sequence comparisons revealed strains of liao ning virus (reovirus, seadornavirus), previously detected only in china, livestock-infecting stretch lagoon virus (reovirus, orbivirus), two novel dimarhabdov ... | 2013 | 24314645 |
| mosquito consumption by insectivorous bats: does size matter? | insectivorous bats have often been touted as biological control for mosquito populations. however, mosquitoes generally represent only a small proportion of bat diet. given the small size of mosquitoes, restrictions imposed on prey detectability by low frequency echolocation, and variable field metabolic rates (fmr), mosquitoes may not be available to or profitable for all bats. this study investigated whether consumption of mosquitoes was influenced by bat size, which is negatively correlated w ... | 2013 | 24130851 |
| foraging ranges of insectivorous bats shift relative to changes in mosquito abundance. | the need to develop effective management strategies for insectivorous bat populations requires an understanding of factors influencing habitat use. availability of pest prey, such as mosquitoes is likely to be one such factor. to assess whether this is the case, we radio-tracked vespadelus vulturnus thomas (little forest bat), a predator of aedes vigilax skuse (saltmarsh mosquito), in saltmarsh and adjacent coastal swamp forest during periods of high and low ae. vigilax abundance. when mosquito ... | 2013 | 23667699 |
| a tyrosine-to-histidine switch at position 18 of the ross river virus e2 glycoprotein is a determinant of virus fitness in disparate hosts. | arthritogenic alphaviruses are human pathogens maintained in nature through alternating replication in vertebrates and mosquitoes. using chimeric viruses, we previously reported that replacement of the pe2 coding region of the t48 strain of ross river virus (rrv-t48) with that from the attenuated dc5692 strain, which differ by 7 amino acids, resulted in an attenuated disease phenotype in a mouse model of rrv-induced rheumatic disease. here, we demonstrate that introduction of one of these amino ... | 2013 | 23514884 |
| oviposition and larval habitat preferences of the saltwater mosquito, aedes vigilax, in a subtropical mangrove forest in queensland, australia. | our aim was to investigate the oviposition and larval habitats of the saltwater mosquito aedes vigilax (skuse) (diptera: culicidae) in a mangrove forest system in subtropical queensland, australia. eggshells (indicators of oviposition) and larvae were sampled in three habitat classes that were depicted in a schematic model. two classes were in depressions or basins, either with hummocks or dense pneumatophore substrates, both of which retained water after tidal flooding. the third class was in f ... | 0 | 22938052 |
| wolbachia biocontrol strategies for arboviral diseases and the potential influence of resident wolbachia strains in mosquitoes. | arboviruses transmitted by mosquitoes are a major cause of human disease worldwide. the absence of vaccines and effective vector control strategies has resulted in the need for novel mosquito control strategies. the endosymbiotic bacterium wolbachia has been proposed to form the basis for an effective mosquito biocontrol strategy. resident strains of wolbachia inhibit viral replication in drosophila fruit flies and induce a reproductive phenotype known as cytoplasmic incompatibility that allows ... | 2016 | 26925368 |
| the effect of multiple vectors on arbovirus transmission. | many mosquito-borne arboviruses have more than one competent vector. these vectors may or may not overlap in space and time, and may interact differently with vertebrate hosts. the presence of multiple vectors for a particular virus at one location over time will influence the epidemiology of the system, and could be important in the design of intervention strategies to protect particular hosts. a simulation model previously developed for west nile and st. louis encephalitis viruses and culex ni ... | 0 | 23741205 |
| habitat characteristics and eggshell distribution of the salt marsh mosquito, aedes vigilax, in marshes in subtropical eastern australia. | research at 10 locations in coastal subtropical queensland, australia, has shown that salt marshes contained heterogeneous distributions of eggshells of the pest and vector mosquito aedes vigilax (skuse) (diptera:culicidae). the eggshell distribution was related to specific vegetation assemblages, with a mix of the grass, sporobolus virginicus (l.) kunth (poales: poaceae), and the beaded glasswort, sarcocornia quinqueflora (bunge ex (ung.-stern) a.j. scott (caryophyllales: chenopodiaceae), as si ... | 0 | 20233077 |
| the insect-specific palm creek virus modulates west nile virus infection in and transmission by australian mosquitoes. | insect-specific viruses do not replicate in vertebrate cells, but persist in mosquito populations and are highly prevalent in nature. these viruses may naturally regulate the transmission of pathogenic vertebrate-infecting arboviruses in co-infected mosquitoes. following the isolation of the first australian insect-specific flavivirus (isf), palm creek virus (pcv), we investigated routes of infection and transmission of this virus in key australian arbovirus vectors and its impact on replication ... | 2016 | 27457250 |
| genetic characterization of archived bunyaviruses and their potential for emergence in australia. | to better understand the diversity of bunyaviruses and their circulation in australia, we sequenced 5 viruses (gan gan, trubanaman, kowanyama, yacaaba, and taggert) isolated and serologically identified 4 decades ago as members of the family bunyaviridae. gan gan and trubanaman viruses almost perfectly matched 2 recently isolated, purportedly novel viruses, salt ash and murrumbidgee viruses, respectively. kowanyama and yacaaba viruses were identified as being related to members of a large clade ... | 0 | 27088588 |
| larval temperature-food effects on adult mosquito infection and vertical transmission of dengue-1 virus. | temperature-food interactions in the larval environment can affect life history and population growth of container mosquitoes aedes aegypti (l.) and aedes albopictus skuse, the primary vectors of chikungunya and dengue viruses. we used ae. aegypti, ae. albopictus, and dengue-1 virus (denv-1) from florida to investigate whether larval rearing temperature can alter the effects of larval food levels on ae. aegypti and ae. albopictus life history and denv-1 infection and vertical transmission. altho ... | 2015 | 26489999 |
| myeloid cell arg1 inhibits control of arthritogenic alphavirus infection by suppressing antiviral t cells. | arthritogenic alphaviruses, including ross river virus (rrv) and chikungunya virus (chikv), are responsible for explosive epidemics involving millions of cases. these mosquito-transmitted viruses cause inflammation and injury in skeletal muscle and joint tissues that results in debilitating pain. we previously showed that arginase 1 (arg1) was highly expressed in myeloid cells in the infected and inflamed musculoskeletal tissues of rrv- and chikv-infected mice, and specific deletion of arg1 from ... | 2015 | 26436766 |
| ross river virus: many vectors and unusual hosts make for an unpredictable pathogen. | | 2015 | 26335937 |
| the usual suspects: comparison of the relative roles of potential urban chikungunya virus vectors in australia. | the global re-emergence of chikungunya virus (chikv) over the last decade presents a serious public health risk to australia. an increasing number of imported cases further underline the potential for local transmission to occur if local mosquitoes bite an infected traveller. laboratory experiments have identified a number of competent australian mosquito species, including the primary vectors of chikv abroad, aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus, and local endemic species aedes vigilax and aedes ... | 2015 | 26247366 |
| cd8+ t cells control ross river virus infection in musculoskeletal tissues of infected mice. | ross river virus (rrv), chikungunya virus, and related alphaviruses cause debilitating polyarthralgia and myalgia. mouse models of rrv and chikungunya virus have demonstrated a role for the adaptive immune response in the control of these infections. however, questions remain regarding the role for t cells in viral control, including the magnitude, location, and dynamics of cd8(+) t cell responses. to address these questions, we generated a recombinant rrv expressing the h-2(b)-restricted glycop ... | 2014 | 25488988 |
| epidemiologic patterns of ross river virus disease in queensland, australia, 2001-2011. | ross river virus (rrv) infection is a debilitating disease that has a significant impact on population health, economic productivity, and tourism in australia. this study examined epidemiologic patterns of rrv disease in queensland, australia, during january 2001-december 2011 at a statistical local area level. spatio-temporal analyses were used to identify the patterns of the disease distribution over time stratified by age, sex, and space. the results show that the mean annual incidence was 54 ... | 2014 | 24799374 |
| attenuating mutations in nsp1 reveal tissue-specific mechanisms for control of ross river virus infection. | ross river virus (rrv) is one of a group of mosquito-transmitted alphaviruses that cause debilitating, and often chronic, musculoskeletal disease in humans. previously, we reported that replacement of the nonstructural protein 1 (nsp1) gene of the mouse-virulent rrv strain t48 with that from the mouse-avirulent strain dc5692 generated a virus that was attenuated in a mouse model of disease. here we find that the six nsp1 nonsynonymous nucleotide differences between strains t48 and dc5692 are det ... | 2014 | 24429363 |
| vector-virus interactions and transmission dynamics of west nile virus. | west nile virus (wnv; flavivirus; flaviviridae) is the cause of the most widespread arthropod-borne viral disease in the world and the largest outbreak of neuroinvasive disease ever observed. mosquito-borne outbreaks are influenced by intrinsic (e.g., vector and viral genetics, vector and host competence, vector life-history traits) and extrinsic (e.g., temperature, rainfall, human land use) factors that affect virus activity and mosquito biology in complex ways. the concept of vectorial capacit ... | 2013 | 24351794 |
| genetic ablation of arginase 1 in macrophages and neutrophils enhances clearance of an arthritogenic alphavirus. | chikungunya virus (chikv) and ross river virus (rrv) cause a debilitating, and often chronic, musculoskeletal inflammatory disease in humans. macrophages constitute the major inflammatory infiltrates in musculoskeletal tissues during these infections. however, the precise macrophage effector functions that affect the pathogenesis of arthritogenic alphaviruses have not been defined. we hypothesized that the severe damage to musculoskeletal tissues observed in rrv- or chikv-infected mice would pro ... | 2012 | 22972923 |
| biology of culex sitiens, a predominant mosquito in phang nga, thailand after a tsunami. | a tsunami affected area in phang nga province, thailand was explored randomly as some freshwater sites had changed into brackish-water sites. a survey of four areas found culex sitiens to be the most dominant mosquito species.this mosquito prefers to breed in putrefied water with garbage and it was found in almost every stagnant, brackish-water site in full sunlight. the larval density was more than 300 larvae/dip/250 ml water. its biting cycle, determined by human landing catch, was nocturnal, ... | 0 | 22950682 |
| modeling occurrence of urban mosquitos based on land use types and meteorological factors in korea. | mosquitoes are a public health concern because they are vectors of pathogen, which cause human-related diseases. it is well known that the occurrence of mosquitoes is highly influenced by meteorological conditions (e.g., temperature and precipitation) and land use, but there are insufficient studies quantifying their impacts. therefore, three analytical methods were applied to determine the relationships between urban mosquito occurrence, land use type, and meteorological factors: cluster analys ... | 2015 | 26492260 |
| passive prophylaxis with permethrin-treated tents reduces mosquito bites among north american summer campers. | over 2 million adolescents participate in summer-camp experiences, placing themselves at risk for mosquito-borne illness. insect repellent is recommended but often not used. it is unknown whether permethrin treatment of a location, such as a campsite, provides passive prophylaxis reducing mosquito bites among all persons in the immediate vicinity. | 0 | 15813141 |
| spatial patterns of high aedes aegypti oviposition activity in northwestern argentina. | in argentina, dengue has affected mainly the northern provinces, including salta. the objective of this study was to analyze the spatial patterns of high aedes aegypti oviposition activity in san ramón de la nueva orán, northwestern argentina. the location of clusters as hot spot areas should help control programs to identify priority areas and allocate their resources more effectively. | 2013 | 23349813 |
| chikungunya virus with e1-a226v mutation causing two outbreaks in 2010, guangdong, china. | chikv is a mosquito-borne emerging pathogen that has a major health impact in humans in tropical zones around the globe. a new variant of the virus, e1-a226v caused a large outbreak in the indian ocean islands and india from 2004-2007. chikv outbreak was initially reported in dongguan region of guangdong in 2010 in china, another smaller chikv outbreak was found in yangjiang region of guangdong two weeks later. the viral agent causing the two outbreaks was inferred to be the new e1-a226v variant ... | 2013 | 23725047 |