| surface pauses in relation to dive duration in imperial cormorants; how much time for a breather? | air-breathing animals diving to forage can optimize time underwater by diving with just enough oxygen for the projected performance underwater. by so doing they surface with minimal body oxygen levels, which leads to maximal rates of oxygen uptake. we examined whether imperial cormorants phalacrocorax atriceps adhere to this by examining dive:pause ratios in birds diving for extended, continuous periods to constant depths, assuming that the oxygen used underwater was exactly replenished by the p ... | 2004 | 15107434 |
| redescription of ingliseria cirrohamata (linstow, 1888) (nematoda: acuariidae), including new hosts and geographical records. | inglisera cirrohamata (linstow, 1888) (nematoda: acuariidae) is redescribed based on specimens collected from the type host, phalacrocorax verrucosus (aves: phalacrocoracidae), and the type locality, kerguelen island, in the southern indian ocean. three new hosts and 2 new localities were recorded, i.e., phalacrocorax [atriceps] albiventer and p. brasilianus from puerto madryn, argentina and p. magellanicus from puerto williams, chile. the structure of the cephalic ornamentations was observed an ... | 2009 | 18767910 |
| a new anisakid species parasitizing the imperial cormorant phalacrocorax atriceps from the north patagonian coast, argentina. | the anisakid species contracaecum chubutensis n. sp. was found parasitizing the imperial cormorant phalacrocorax atriceps at 2 different localities, bahía bustamante (45 degrees 11's, 66 degrees 30'w) and puerto madryn (42 degrees 47's, 65 degrees 02'w) on the patagonian coast. morphometrical analysis and further studies of adult specimens of c. chubutensis n. sp. and fourth-stage larvae of contracaecum sp. were done using light and scanning electron microscopy. the possession and disposition of ... | 2008 | 18837571 |
| differences in the stable isotope signatures of seabird egg membrane and albumen--implications for non-invasive studies. | in many bird species, egg membranes can be obtained non-invasively after the chicks have hatched, and stable isotope analysis of egg membranes can be used to study the diet and foraging distribution of these birds during egg formation. it has been suggested that the enrichment factors of albumen and egg membranes differ for 13c, but are similar for 15n. in this study, we compared carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes of the membranes and albumen of individual eggs of three wild seabird species, th ... | 2009 | 19890954 |
| genetic and morphological evidences for the existence of a new species of contracaecum (nematoda: anisakidae) parasite of phalacrocorax brasilianus (gmelin) from chile and its genetic relationships with congeners from fish-eating birds. | abstract contracaecum australe n. sp. is described from the neotropic cormorant phalacrocorax brasilianus in chile based on morphology and the sequence analyses of multiple loci, i.e., mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 2, mtdna cox-2 , the small subunit of the mitochondrial ribosomal rna gene, rrns , and the its-1 and its-2 regions of nuclear ribosomal dna. moreover, sequence analysis of the same genes was carried out on the morphospecies contracaecum chubutensis garbin et al. (2008) from phalacr ... | 2011 | 21506861 |
| serosurvey for selected infectious agents in two sympatric species of cormorants (phalacrocorax atriceps and phalacrocorax magellanicus) from coastal patagonia, argentina. | we conducted a serologic survey for selected infectious agents on two sympatric cormorants, the imperial cormorant (phalacrocorax atriceps) and the rock shag (phalacrocorax magellanicus). blood was collected from 267 imperial cormorants and 106 rock shags at 17 colonies along the patagonia atlantic shore during nine breeding seasons (1994, 1999-2001-2005-2008-2010). antibodies to four pathogens were common to both species and frequently observed: avian paramyxovirus type 1 (56% of imperial cormo ... | 2013 | 23778597 |
| molecular identification and larval morphological description of contracaecum pelagicum (nematoda: anisakidae) from the anchovy engraulis anchoita (engraulidae) and fish-eating birds from the argentine north patagonian sea. | anisakids use invertebrates as paratenic and/or intermediate hosts as a basic feature of larval transmission. the third-stage larva usually develops in invertebrates which are prey items of finfish paratenic hosts. contracaecum larvae molt twice inside the egg and hatch as free third-stage larvae ensheathed in the second-stage larval cuticle. copepods act as paratenic or obligatory hosts, usually ingesting these free l3 larvae, and fish act as intermediate/paratenic or metaparatenic hosts preyin ... | 2013 | 23500719 |
| measuring corticosterone in seabird egg yolk and the presence of high yolk gestagen concentrations. | large inter-species differences have been found in yolk corticosterone amounts in avian eggs. while some studies have failed to detect significant amounts of corticosterone, in other species high amounts have been recorded, such as in a recent study of southern rockhopper penguins eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome. however, attention has been drawn recently to the fact that many antibodies for corticosterone measurement cross-react with other steroids present in the yolk. in particular, progesteron ... | 2011 | 21640119 |
| organohalogenated contaminants in eggs of rockhopper penguins (eudyptes chrysocome) and imperial shags (phalacrocorax atriceps) from the falkland islands. | in this study, we evaluated the use of seabird eggs of two common bird species from the falkland islands as bioindicators of contamination with organohalogenated contaminants (ohcs). we compared contamination levels and profiles of different ohcs between eggs of the rockhopper penguin (eudyptes chrysocome) and the imperial shag (phalacrocorax atriceps). in addition, laying order effects on ohc concentrations and profiles were also investigated in both species. for polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs ... | 2011 | 21529893 |
| lousy chicks: chewing lice from the imperial shag, leucocarbo atriceps. | forty-one imperial shag chicks were sampled for lice during the breeding season of 2014 in punta león, argentina. we found 2 lice species, pectinopygus turbinatus infesting the body and piagetiella caputincisum present in the oral cavity of the birds. this constitutes the first host record for p. turbinatus and the first record for the continental argentina for p. caputincisum. ninety-three percent of the chicks were infested by at least one lice species. p. turbinatus was present in all of the ... | 2017 | 28831379 |
| selfies of imperial cormorants (phalacrocorax atriceps): what is happening underwater? | during the last few years, the development of animal-borne still cameras and video recorders has enabled researchers to observe what a wild animal sees in the field. in the present study, we deployed miniaturized video recorders to investigate the underwater foraging behavior of imperial cormorants (phalacrocorax atriceps). video footage was obtained from 12 animals and 49 dives comprising a total of 8.1 h of foraging data. video information revealed that imperial cormorants are almost exclusive ... | 2015 | 26367384 |
| hematology and blood chemistry values in free-living imperial cormorants (phalacrocorax atriceps). | as part of an on-going, long-term study on the reproductive ecology and health status of imperial cormorants (phalacrocorax atriceps), blood samples were collected to establish baseline values for hematologic parameters (hematocrit, red and white blood cell counts, leukocyte profile, heterophil:lymphocyte ratio, total solids) and serum chemistries (glucose, uric acid, urea, total protein, triglycerides, cholesterol, albumin:globulin ratio, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine ph ... | 2013 | 24597115 |
| phylogeography and genetic structure of two patagonian shag species (aves: phalacrocoracidae). | we compared the phylogeographic and genetic structure of two sympatric shag species, phalacrocorax magellanicus (rock shag) and phalacrocorax atriceps (imperial shag), from patagonia (southern south america). we used multilocus genotypes of nuclear dna (microsatellite loci) from 324 individuals and mitochondrial dna sequences (atpase) from 177 individuals, to evaluate hypotheses related to the effect of physical and non-physical barriers on seabird evolution. despite sharing many ecological trai ... | 2014 | 24418531 |
| construction of energy landscapes can clarify the movement and distribution of foraging animals. | variation in the physical characteristics of the environment should impact the movement energetics of animals. although cognizance of this may help interpret movement ecology, determination of the landscape-dependent energy expenditure of wild animals is problematic. we used accelerometers in animal-attached tags to derive energy expenditure in 54 free-living imperial cormorants phalacrocorax atriceps and construct an energy landscape of the area around a breeding colony. examination of the spac ... | 2012 | 21900327 |
| pushed for time or saving on fuel: fine-scale energy budgets shed light on currencies in a diving bird. | animals may forage using different currencies depending on whether time minimization or energy maximization is more pertinent at the time. assessment of net energy acquisition requires detailed information on instantaneous activity-specific power use, which varies according to animal performance, being influenced, for example, by speed and prey loading, and which has not been measured before in wild animals. we used a new proxy for instantaneous energy expenditure (overall dynamic body accelerat ... | 2009 | 19515661 |
| moving towards acceleration for estimates of activity-specific metabolic rate in free-living animals: the case of the cormorant. | 1. time and energy are key currencies in animal ecology, and judicious management of these is a primary focus for natural selection. at present, however, there are only two main methods for estimation of rate of energy expenditure in the field, heart rate and doubly labelled water, both of which have been used with success; but both also have their limitations. 2. the deployment of data loggers that measure acceleration is emerging as a powerful tool for quantifying the behaviour of free-living ... | 2006 | 16922843 |
| pathogenic potential of environmental resident fungi from ornithogenic soils of antarctica. | we assessed the diversity of cultivable fungi in the ornithogenic soil nests of bird species like phalacrocorax atriceps, macronectes giganteus, pygoscelis antarcticus, and pygoscelis papua in the antarctic islands. from 481 fungi isolated at 15 °c, only 50 displayed growth at 37 °c, and were identified as 14 species of 15 genera. aspergillus fumigatus, penicillium chrysogenum, and rhodotorula mucilaginosa were the most abundant species obtained. fifty taxa grew at 40 °c; displayed haemolytic an ... | 2017 | 29122179 |
| cormorant pellets as a tool for the knowledge of parasite-intermediate host associations and nematode diversity in the environment. | anisakids are usually acquired through the diet. cormorant pellets are useful to detect both parasite larval stages, and prey items which could act as intermediate hosts in the environment. the current study provides information about the feeding habits of both birds and mammals, and the diversity of parasites circulating in the environment. the objective of the study was to identify anisakidae larvae and prey items in pellets from the imperial shag phalacrocorax atriceps and the red-legged corm ... | 2019 | 31708669 |
| body feather mercury and arsenic concentrations in five species of seabirds from the falkland islands. | several pollutants, including heavy metals, magnify along the food chain, and top predators such as seabirds can be used to monitor their trends in the marine environment. we studied mercury and arsenic contamination in body feathers in penguins, petrels and cormorants in three islands of the falklands islands. there were significant differences among species and sites in the concentration of trace elements in feathers. black-browed albatrosses and gentoo penguins had consistently high mercury c ... | 2019 | 31546110 |
| long necks enhance and constrain foraging capacity in aquatic vertebrates. | highly specialized diving birds display substantial dichotomy in neck length with, for example, cormorants and anhingas having extreme necks, while penguins and auks have minimized necks. we attached acceleration loggers to imperial cormorants phalacrocorax atriceps and magellanic penguins spheniscus magellanicus, both foraging in waters over the patagonian shelf, to examine the difference in movement between their respective heads and bodies in an attempt to explain this dichotomy. the penguins ... | 2017 | 29142117 |
| corrigendum to "lousy chicks: chewing lice from the imperial shag, leucocarbo atriceps" [int. j. parasitol. parasites wildl. 6 (2017) 229-232]. | [this corrects the article doi: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2017.08.002.]. | 2018 | 29892556 |