| virus-dependent mortality in rift valley fever, eastern equine encephalomyelitis, and chikungunya virus-inoculated mosquito (diptera: culicidae) larvae. | the effect of inoculation of mosquito larvae with rift valley fever (rvf) virus on survival to the adult stage was evaluated in aedes aegypti (l.), ae. fowleri (charmoy), ae. mcintoshi huang, ae. taeniorhynchus (wiedemann), ae. triseriatus (say), eretmapodites quinquevittatus theobald, anopheles albimanus wiedemann, and culex pipiens l. pupation rates were similar for rvf virus-inoculated and diluent-inoculated larvae of all mosquito species tested except cx. pipiens. however, with the exception ... | 1992 | 1357176 |
| potential for dengue in south africa: mosquito ecology with particular reference to aedes aegypti. | observations on prevalence, geographical distribution, utilization of artificial larval habitats and anthropophilism were made on diurnal mosquitoes at selected localities along the coast of natal and inland in the transvaal to identify potential vectors of dengue in south africa. larval collections made in artificial containers on the ground, the exposure of bamboo pots as ovitraps in trees and collection of mosquitoes biting man showed the following species as the most likely candidates for ve ... | 1991 | 1787403 |
| [arboviroses in the region of nosy-bé, madagascar. serologic and entomologic data]. | since 1977, the pasteur institute of madagascar has been studying, during six surveys, the arboviruses of nosy-be area, in the north-west of madagascar. 47.2% out of 271 human sera and 11.3% out of 151 sera of lemurs, tested for antibodies to 16 arboviruses by the haemagglutination inhibition test, are positive. the results show an important prevalence of flaviviruses. west nile and dengue 1 viruses were probably circulating some years before the surveys. antibodies against sindbis and rift vall ... | 1988 | 2900082 |
| ecological studies on the breeding of aedes aegypti and other mosquitos in shells of the giant african snail achatina fulica. | the breeding of larvae of aedes aegypti, aedes simpsoni, and eretmapodites quinquevittatus in empty shells of achatina fulica was studied in the coastal zone of dar es salaam, tanzania. the average density of shells was estimated to be 228 per ha. from 11 to 35% were positive for mosquito larvae. a. aegypti were found in 82-84% of positive shells; a. simpsoni in 8-13%. on msasani peninsula, during the 3-month rainy season april-june 1970, the larval density of a. aegypti in shells was estimated ... | 1973 | 4148745 |
| laboratory colonization of aedes simpsoni (theobald) and eretmapodites quinquevittatus theobald. | | 1971 | 4401768 |
| the potential for dengue in south africa: vector competence tests with dengue 1 and 2 viruses and 6 mosquito species. | six mosquito species, selected because their prevalence, distribution and ecology favoured them as potential vectors of dengue (den) in south africa, were tested for vector competence with den 1 and 2 viruses. after intrathoracic inoculation with den 1, head squash infection rates (hsirs) by the indirect fluorescent antibody test were 92-100% in all species except aedes demeilloni, for which rates were < 40%. after an infective blood meal containing den 1 and den 2 virus respectively, ae. demeil ... | 1993 | 7905212 |
| fecundity, fertility, and developmental stage survivorship of eretmapodites quinquevittatus. | this laboratory study analyzed fecundity, fertility (percentage hatched), and developmental stage survivorship of eretmapodites quinquevittatus. fecundity for females averaged 190.4 eggs, whereas paired (one male/female pair) females averaged 100.5 eggs. fertility for autogenous eggs from paired females was 84.4%, which was significantly greater than percentage hatched of anautogenous eggs (67.3%). percentage hatched of autogenous eggs from experimental groups (25 males/25 females) was 87.8%, wh ... | 1996 | 8723272 |
| photosensitization of eretmapodites quinquevittatus theobald (diptera: culicidae) eggs and larvae with photofrin ii. | the susceptibility of eretmapodites quinquevittatus eggs and larvae to photosensitization with photofrin ii (pii) was determined. hatching rates of eggs (5 min to 2 h after oviposition with no pii exposure) exposed to solutions of pii (90 micrograms/ml) in the dark for 12 h, before photoirradiation for 72 h. were very similar to those of untreated controls (p > 0.05). hatching rates of eggs (5 min after oviposition with no pii exposure) exposed to pii (90 micrograms/ml) and photoirradiated simul ... | 1997 | 9383775 |
| site of photofrin ii photosensitization in larvae of eretmapodites quinquevittatus theobald. | photofrin ii (pii) accumulates and fluoresces in the alimentary canal, anal papillae, malpighian tubules, rectum, and gastric caeca at greater concentrations (>10 microg/ml) and accumulates (fluoresces) in (along) the alimentary canal only at lower concentrations (< or =10 microg/ml). initial experiments with larvae exposed to different osmotic conditions and pii indicated that cells of osmoregulation were most susceptible to life-threatening cell damage. larvae that lacked anal papillae and wer ... | 1999 | 10612605 |
| effects of photofrin ii on adults of eretmapodites quinquevittatus. | this research was conducted to further assess the efficacy of photosensitizers as adult mosquito control agents. fourth-stage larvae of eretmapodites quinquevittatus were fed photofrin porfimer sodium (pii) (< or = 3.75 microg/ml) and the resulting adults (parentals) were photoirradiated. these parentals were mated with untreated controls and resulting 1st generation (f1) progeny were inbred. comparisons of fecundity and fertility were made between parentals and resulting f1 progeny. interbred f ... | 2000 | 11081655 |
| laboratory vector competence experiments with yellow fever virus and five south african mosquito species including aedes aegypti. | three domestic and peridomestic mosquito species, selected because their prevalence, distribution and ecology favoured them as potential urban vectors of yellow fever (yf) in south africa, were submitted to numerous tests for infectivity [measured as dose needed to infect 50% of the mosquitoes (mid50)], mainly with a kenyan strain (bc7914) of the virus. use of a nigerian virus strain (tvp1617) did not significantly alter infectivity. after artificial infective blood meals with titres of 7.0-8.0 ... | 2002 | 12474475 |
| first report of the oriental mosquito aedes albopictus on the west african island of bioko, equatorial guinea. | the invasive oriental mosquito aedes (stegomyia) albopictus (skuse) (diptera: culicidae) was detected on bioko island for the first time in november 2001. it was found to be well established breeding in artificial containers at planta, near malabo, the capital of equatorial guinea. associated species of mosquito larvae were aedes aegypti (l.), ae. africanus (theobald), culex near decens theobald, cx. duttoni theobald, cx. quinquefasciatus say, cx. tigripes de grandpré & de charmoy, eretmapodites ... | 2003 | 12941021 |
| experimental detection of rift valley fever virus by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay in large samples of mosquitoes. | a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) was assessed in laboratory tests to detect the presence of single aedes aegypti (l.) or eretmapodites quinquevittatus theobald mosquitoes infected with rift valley fever virus in pools of mosquitoes, 50-600 in size, from laboratory colonies or mixed field collections. the viral rna was detected in all pools containing infected mosquitoes and was shown to be as sensitive as infant mice but more sensitive than vero cell cultures for virus ... | 2000 | 15535594 |
| an updated checklist of mosquito species (diptera: culicidae) from madagascar. | an updated checklist of 235 mosquito species from madagascar is presented. the number of species has increased considerably compared to previous checklists, particularly the last published in 2003 (178 species). this annotated checklist provides concise information on endemism, taxonomic position, developmental stages, larval habitats, distribution, behavior, and vector-borne diseases potentially transmitted. the 235 species belong to 14 genera: aedeomyia (3 species), aedes (35 species), anophel ... | 2016 | 27101839 |
| scoping review of the zika virus literature. | the global primary literature on zika virus (zikv) (n = 233 studies and reports, up to march 1, 2016) has been compiled using a scoping review methodology to systematically identify and characterise the literature underpinning this broad topic using methods that are documented, updateable and reproducible. our results indicate that more than half the primary literature on zikv has been published since 2011. the articles mainly covered three topic categories: epidemiology of zikv (surveillance an ... | 2016 | 27244249 |
| zika virus emergence in mosquitoes in southeastern senegal, 2011. | zika virus (zikv; genus flavivirus, family flaviviridae) is maintained in a zoonotic cycle between arboreal aedes spp. mosquitoes and nonhuman primates in african and asian forests. spillover into humans has been documented in both regions and the virus is currently responsible for a large outbreak in french polynesia. zikv amplifications are frequent in southeastern senegal but little is known about their seasonal and spatial dynamics. the aim of this paper is to describe the spatio-temporal pa ... | 2014 | 25310102 |
| zika virus in gabon (central africa)--2007: a new threat from aedes albopictus? | chikungunya and dengue viruses emerged in gabon in 2007, with large outbreaks primarily affecting the capital libreville and several northern towns. both viruses subsequently spread to the south-east of the country, with new outbreaks occurring in 2010. the mosquito species aedes albopictus, that was known as a secondary vector for both viruses, recently invaded the country and was the primary vector involved in the gabonese outbreaks. we conducted a retrospective study of human sera and mosquit ... | 2014 | 24516683 |
| larval ecology of mosquitoes in sylvatic arbovirus foci in southeastern senegal. | although adult mosquito vectors of sylvatic arbovirus [yellow fever (yfv), dengue-2 (denv-2) and chikungunya (chikv)] have been studied for the past 40 years in southeastern senegal, data are still lacking on the ecology of larval mosquitoes in this area. in this study, we investigated the larval habitats of mosquitoes and characterized their seasonal and spatial dynamics in arbovirus foci. | 2012 | 23216815 |
| landscape ecology of sylvatic chikungunya virus and mosquito vectors in southeastern senegal. | the risk of human infection with sylvatic chikungunya (chikv) virus was assessed in a focus of sylvatic arbovirus circulation in senegal by investigating distribution and abundance of anthropophilic aedes mosquitoes, as well as the abundance and distribution of chikv in these mosquitoes. a 1650 km(2) area was classified into five land cover classes: forest, barren, savanna, agriculture and village. a total of 39,799 mosquitoes was sampled from all classes using human landing collections between ... | 2012 | 22720097 |
| phylogenetic analysis and temporal diversification of mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) based on nuclear genes and morphology. | phylogenetic analyses provide a framework for examining the evolution of morphological and molecular diversity, interpreting patterns in biogeography, and achieving a stable classification. the generic and suprageneric relationships within mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) are poorly resolved, making these subjects difficult to address. | 2009 | 20028549 |
| towards a better understanding of rift valley fever epidemiology in the south-west of the indian ocean. | rift valley fever virus (phlebovirus, bunyaviridae) is an arbovirus causing intermittent epizootics and sporadic epidemics primarily in east africa. infection causes severe and often fatal illness in young sheep, goats and cattle. domestic animals and humans can be contaminated by close contact with infectious tissues or through mosquito infectious bites. rift valley fever virus was historically restricted to sub-saharan countries. the probability of rift valley fever emerging in virgin areas is ... | 2013 | 24016237 |
| novel, meso-substituted cationic porphyrin molecule for photo-mediated larval control of the dengue vector aedes aegypti. | control of the mosquito vector population is the most effective strategy currently available for the prevention of dengue fever and the containment of outbreaks. photo-activated oxidants may represent promising tools for developing effective, safe and ecofriendly novel larvicides. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of the synthetic meso-substituted porphyrin meso-tri(n-methylpyridyl), meso-mono(n-tetradecylpyridyl)porphine (c14) as a photoactivatable larvicide against the de ... | 2011 | 22206031 |
| molecular biology and genetic diversity of rift valley fever virus. | rift valley fever virus (rvfv), a member of the family bunyaviridae, genus phlebovirus, is the causative agent of rift valley fever (rvf), a mosquito-borne disease of ruminant animals and humans. the generation of a large sequence database has facilitated studies of the evolution and spread of the virus. bayesian analyses indicate that currently circulating strains of rvfv are descended from an ancestral species that emerged from a natural reservoir in africa when large-scale cattle and sheep fa ... | 2012 | 22710362 |
| history of the biomedical studies phd program: a joint graduate program of the baylor health care system and baylor university. | on a sweltering summer morning, throngs of people filed into jones theatre at baylor university in waco for the graduate student orientation. one could look around and notice the diversity of not only the student population, but also the disciplines being represented. many students had stepped off planes only hours prior, but even those who had been traveling for days could not contain their excitement. as for me, i was nowhere near any of this. i was still 40 miles north of waco in waxahachie, ... | 0 | 18982085 |