| distribution of hepatitis b virus (hbv) genotypes among hbv carriers in the cote d'ivoire: complete genome sequence and phylogenetic relatedness of hbv genotype e. | the characteristics of hepatitis b virus (hbv) genotype e are not well known because only a few studies have been carried out by complete genome analysis. the aim of this study was to elucidate the distribution of hbv genotypes in cote d'ivoire, and to clarify the genotype-related characteristics of genotype e. the distribution of hbv genotypes among 48 hbv carriers in cote d'ivoire was determined using serological and genetic methods. the characteristics of genotype e were evaluated by complete ... | 2003 | 12601751 |
| low genetic diversity despite hyperendemicity of hepatitis b virus genotype e throughout west africa. | sub-saharan africa suffers from an excessively high endemicity of hepatitis b virus (hbv), but little is known about the prevalent genotypes. in this study, we investigated the pres1/pres2/s genes of 127 viruses obtained from 12 locations in mali, burkina faso, togo, benin, nigeria, cameroon, and the democratic republic of congo. except for those obtained from the cameroon hiv cohort (18/22 hbv genotype a), 96 of 105 sequences belonged to hbv genotype e (hbv/e), and viral dna was very similar (1 ... | 2004 | 15216479 |
| novel type of hepatitis b virus mutation: replacement mutation involving a hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 binding site tandem repeat in chronic hepatitis b virus genotype e. | the genetic diversity of hepatitis b virus (hbv) strains has evolved through mutations such as point mutations, deletions or insertions, and recombination. we identified and characterized a novel type of mutation which is a complex of external insertion, deletion, and internal duplication in sequences from one of six patients with chronic hepatitis b virus genotype e (hbv/e). we provisionally named this mutation a "replacement mutation"; the core promoter upstream regulatory sequence/basic core ... | 2005 | 16254374 |
| characteristics of hepatitis b virus in ghana: full length genome sequences indicate the endemicity of genotype e in west africa. | hepatitis b virus (hbv) genotypes from a to h have distinct geographical distributions and have been shown to affect the clinical features as well as the course of the hbv infection. hbv genotype e has been found only in africa. however, the complete genomes of this genotype, which were isolated mainly from west africa, were available only for a few samples. in this study, five full-length genomes and seven other small s genes of hbv strains from ghanaian blood donors were sequenced and investig ... | 2006 | 16372296 |
| distribution of hbv genotypes among hbv carriers in benin:phylogenetic analysis and virological characteristics of hbv genotype e. | to determine the distribution of hepatitis b virus (hbv) genotypes in benin, and to clarify the virological characteristics of the dominant genotype. | 2005 | 16425408 |
| detection of hepatitis b virus (hbv) genotype e carried--even in the presence of high titers of anti-hbs antibodies--by an argentinean patient of african descent who had received vaccination against hbv. | genotype e hepatitis b virus (hbv) was detected in two argentine sisters exhibiting an african mitochondrial lineage. one of them (who had been vaccinated against hbv) exhibited anti-hbs cocirculating antibodies without hbsag escape mutants, while her unvaccinated sister showed a d144a hbsag escape mutant without anti-hbs antibodies. both sisters carried an unusual l209v substitution within hbsag. | 2006 | 16954295 |
| epidemiological and virological features of hbv infection in hiv-2 infected patients living in southeastern france. | we studied hbv infection in 34 hiv-2-infected patients followed-up in marseilles. ten (29%) patients were chronically-infected with hbv, which represents a three-times higher rate than in hiv-1-infected patients in europe. hbv occult infection was diagnosed in two patients. hbv genotype e was found in seven patients; its specificities and the reciprocal influence of hiv-2/hbv-co-infection remain to be evaluated. | 2006 | 17031520 |
| molecular and serological characterization of hepatitis b virus in deferred ghanaian blood donors with and without elevated alanine aminotransferase. | candidate blood donors in ghana are frequent carriers of hepatitis b virus (hbv). a comparative study of 117 donor samples including 46 with alanine aminotransferase (alt) > or = 60 iu/l and 71 with < or =40 iu/l level was undertaken. s and the basic core promoter-precore regions (bcp/pc) sequencing was used to identify genotypes and variants relevant to hbv natural history, respectively. age, viral load, hbe status were correlated with molecular data. hbv genotype e (87%) was dominant with litt ... | 2006 | 17052270 |
| hepatitis b virus genotype e surface antigen detection with different immunoassays and diagnostic impact of mutations in the pres/s gene. | the major neutralizing epitope, the "a" determinant of the hepatitis b virus (hbv) genotype e surface antigen (hbsag) is most divergent from that of genotype a, which is used for preparing monoclonal antibodies used in commercially available hbv reagents. to evaluate the performance of the latest generation of hbsag detection assays with respect to genotype e hbsag. three commercial assays were evaluated using sera from 200 nigerian patients compared to the pres/s sequence of dna positive sample ... | 2007 | 17503077 |
| central african republic is part of the west-african hepatitis b virus genotype e crescent. | recent studies have shown that hepatitis b virus (hbv) genotype e predominates in a vast crescent in west-africa spanning from senegal to angola. | 2007 | 17689139 |
| transmission of hepatitis b virus (genotype e) in a haemodialysis unit. | the rosenheim report, published in 1972, was aimed at decreasing the transmission of hepatitis b virus (hbv) in the renal unit. a review in 1996, revealed the non-compliance of some centres with the guidance to vaccinate individuals against hbv. | 2007 | 17826313 |
| maternofetal transmission of hepatitis b virus genotype e in ghana, west africa. | to determine whether maternofetal transmission of hepatitis b virus (hbv) is a common route of infection leading to chronic infection in west africa, plasma samples, obtained at delivery from 1368 pregnant ghanaian women and paired umbilical cord blood or newborn whole blood samples, were tested for hbv surface antigen (hbsag) and dna. a 16 % prevalence of hbv chronic carriers, defined as detectable hbsag and/or hbv dna, was found, >80 % contained less than 1 x 10(4) iu ml(-1) hbv dna and 99 % w ... | 2007 | 17872520 |
| hepatitis b virus genotype e detected in brazil in an african patient who is a frequent traveler. | genotype e of hepatitis b virus (hbv) has not been described in brazil and is found mainly in africa. genotype a is the most prevalent in brazil, and genotypes b, c, d, and f have already been reported. we report here an hbv genotype e-infected patient and some characterization of surface (s) protein, dna polymerase (p) and precore/core (prec/c) coding regions based on the viral genome. the patient is a 31-year-old black man with chronic hepatitis b who was born and raised in angola. he has been ... | 2007 | 17934636 |
| [characterization of hepatitis b virus strains from the central african republic: preliminary results]. | genotyping of hepatitis b virus (hbv) strains from patients in central african republic and comparison with results obtained in other african countries. | 2008 | 18321662 |
| exceptional genetic variability of hepatitis b virus indicates that rwanda is east of an emerging african genotype e/a1 divide. | in western africa, hepatitis b virus (hbv) genotype e predominates throughout a vast crescent spanning from senegal to namibia and at least to the central african republic to the east. although from most of the eastern parts of sub-saharan africa only limited sets of strains have been characterized, these belong predominantly to genotype a. to study how far the genotype e crescent extends to the east, a larger number of hbv strains from rwanda were analyzed. phylogenetic analysis of 45 s fragmen ... | 2009 | 19152415 |
| hepatitis b virus: the genotype e puzzle. | hepatitis b virus (hbv) is highly endemic throughout sub-saharan africa. one of the two genotypes a and e dominates in most countries. with several subgenotypes and variants, genotype a is more diverse in africa (4.00%) than in the rest of the world (2.96%), suggesting an african origin and a long history on the continent. despite the african slave trade, genotype e has only sporadically been found within the americas, indicating that this genotype was introduced only during the past 200 years i ... | 2009 | 19475565 |
| response to antiviral treatment in patients infected with hepatitis b virus genotypes e-h. | no data on antiviral response of hbv genotypes e-h are available so far although these hbv genotypes contribute significantly to the global hbv burden. of 49 patients with hbv genotypes e-h, 23 received interferon (ifn)-alpha, 12 nucleos(t)ide analogues and 14 patients were untreated. hbv genotype was determined by direct sequencing of the hbv s gene. sustained virological response in ifn-treated patients was defined as normalization of alt and decrease of hbv-dna <4,000 iu/ml 6 months after tre ... | 2009 | 19697400 |
| slave trade and hepatitis b virus genotypes and subgenotypes in haiti and africa. | in haiti, >90% of the population descended from african slaves. of 7,147 haitian pregnant women sampled, 44% of hepatitis b virus (hbv) infections were caused by genotype a1, which today is found mainly in eastern africa. twenty percent belong to a rare subgenotype, a5, which has been found only in the former bight of benin, a former primary slave trading post. haitian a subgenotypes appear to have separated early from the african subgenotypes; the most prevalent genotype and subgenotype in west ... | 2009 | 19751583 |
| seasonal variation in tp53 r249s-mutated serum dna with aflatoxin exposure and hepatitis b virus infection. | background: chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection and dietary aflatoxin (afb1) exposure are etiological factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) in countries with hot humid climates. hcc often harbors tp53 mutation at codon 249 (r249s). in chronic carriers, 1762t/1764a mutations in the hbv x gene are associated with increased hcc risk. both mutations have been detected in circulating cell-free dna (cfdna) from asymptomatic hbv carriers. objective: to evaluate seasonal variation in r249s an ... | 2011 | 21768053 |
| HBV vaccine efficacy and detection and genotyping of vaccineé asymptomatic breakthrough HBV infection in Egypt. | To evaluate the impact of mass vaccination against the hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Egypt, and to search for vaccinee asymptomatic breakthrough HBV infection and its genotype. | 2011 | 21860674 |
| Molecular characterization of hepatitis B virus strains circulating in Belgian patients co-infected with HIV and HBV: overt and occult infection. | Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have similar transmission routes, implying that patients infected with HIV are at particular risk for HBV infection. Patients who are co-infected with HIV and HBV progress more rapidly to end-stage liver disease and different HBV genotypes may have a distinct impact on disease progression. One hundred ninety-one anti-HBc-positive sera from Belgian patients co-infected with HIV and HBV were collected during 1998-2008. Full-length HBV ... | 2011 | 21915860 |
| emergence of hbv resistance to lamivudine (3tc) in hiv/hbv co-infected patients in the gambia, west africa. | abstract: background: lamivudine (3tc) is a potent inhibitor of both hepatitis b virus (hbv) and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) replication and is part of first-line highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart) in the gambia. unfortunately, the effectiveness of 3tc against hbv is limited by the emergence of resistant strains. aim: the aim of this retrospective study was to characterise 3tc-resistant mutations in hbv from co-infected patients receiving haart, by generating hbv polymerase se ... | 2011 | 22195774 |
| hepatitis b virus sequencing and liver fibrosis evaluation in hiv/hbv co-infected nigerians. | molecular characteristics of hepatitis b virus (hbv), such as genotype and genomic mutations, may contribute to liver-related morbidity and mortality. the association of these characteristics with liver fibrosis severity in sub-saharan africa is uncertain. we aimed to characterize molecular hbv features in hiv/hbv co-infected nigerians and evaluate associations between these characteristics and liver fibrosis severity before and after antiretroviral therapy (art) initiation. | 2017 | 28376292 |
| permissive, in vitro replication of hepatitis b virus genotype e. | a cloned stable cell line, hepg2-hbve6, was established following transfection of hepg2 cells with a retroviral plasmid into which a 1.1-fold genomic construct of hepatitis b virus (hbv) belonging to genotype e (hbv/e) was inserted. the cell line retains the entire hbv/e insert, and produces episomal hbv dna. it expresses hbv pregenomic, pres1 and pres2/s transcripts, and sheds hepatitis b surface and e antigens as well as structures resembling hbv-subviral and dane particles. the hepg2-hbve6 ce ... | 2017 | 28122202 |
| origin and evolutionary dynamics of hepatitis b virus (hbv) genotype e in madagascar. | africa is one of the endemic regions of hbv infection. in particular, genotype e is highly endemic in most of sub-saharan africa such as west african countries where it represents more than 90% of total infections. madagascar, which is classified as a high endemic area for hbv and where the most prevalent genotype is e, might play a relevant role in the dispersion of this genotype due to its crucial position in the indian ocean. the aim of this study was to investigate the origin, population dyn ... | 2017 | 28081689 |
| molecular diversity in irregular or refugee immigrant patients with hbv-genotype-e infection living in the metropolitan area of naples. | in a recent testing in the metropolitan area of naples, italy, on 945 irregular immigrants or refugees, 87 hbsag chronic carriers were identified, 53 of whom were infected by hbv-genotype e. the aim of the present study was to identify the genetic diversity of hbv-genotype e in these 53 immigrants. the 53 immigrant patients with hbv-genotype-e infection were born in africa, central or eastern asia, eastern europe or latin america. these patients had been seen for a clinical consultation at one o ... | 2016 | 27805272 |
| molecular characterization of hepatitis b virus among chronic hepatitis b patients from pointe noire, republic of congo. | chronic hepatitis b infection is a major health problem in republic of congo therefore molecular analysis of hbv strains is important to detect the patients at high risk of disease progression. | 2016 | 27651827 |
| first epidemiological and phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis b virus infection in migrants from mali. | the armed conflict in mali caused a migration crisis since 2012. most malian refugees were in italy. in sub-saharan africa, the seroprevalence of anti-hbv antibodies is particularly high. genotype e is the most prevalent throughout a crescent covering area from angola to senegal, including mali. we report 16 hbv positive individual from 136 malian asylum seekers in order to investigate the genetic diversity of hbv in this population. sequencing and phylogenetic analysis has been used. the hbv ge ... | 2017 | 27576107 |
| molecular characterization of hepatitis b virus in blood donors from burkina faso: prevalence of quasi-subgenotype a3, genotype e, and mixed infections. | burkina faso is a highly endemic area for hepatitis b virus (hbv) which remains a major challenge for blood safety with >13% of candidate blood donors being chronically infected. however, little is known about the molecular epidemiology of the viral strains currently circulating. in this study, 99 hbv strains from hbsag positive candidate blood donors in ougadougou were genetically characterized by sequencing the pre-s/s region of the viral genome. phylogenetic analyses revealed a 25% prevalence ... | 2016 | 27253483 |
| hbv genotypes and drug resistance mutations in antiretroviral treatment-naive and treatment-experienced hbv-hiv-coinfected patients. | the presence of hbv resistance mutations upon initiation or during antiretroviral therapy (art) in hiv-coinfected patients is an important determinant of treatment response. the main objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of hbv resistance mutations in antiretroviral treatment-naive and treatment-experienced hbv-hiv-coinfected ghanaian patients with detectable hbv viraemia. | 2017 | 27167598 |
| molecular epidemiology of hepatitis d virus circulating in southwestern nigeria. | hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis d virus (hdv) infections are major public health problems in sub-saharan africa. whereas it is known that hbv infection is endemic in nigeria, there is only little data about hdv prevalence available. here, we assessed the hdv seroprevalence and determined the hdv and hbv genotypes distribution among hbsag positive individuals in southwestern nigeria. | 2016 | 27044424 |
| molecular characterization of hepatitis b virus from chronically-infected patients in niamey, niger. | in niger, 65% of hepatocarcinoma and 75% of cirrhosis cases were due to hepatitis b virus (hbv). we studied the genotypic characteristics of hbsag in chronically hbv-infected patients in niamey. | 2016 | 26899956 |
| hepatitis b surface antigen quantification as a predictor of seroclearance during treatment in hiv-hepatitis b virus coinfected patients from sub-saharan africa. | in sub-saharan africa, seroclearance of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and hepatitis b "e" antigen (hbeag), including their quantifiable markers, have rarely been evaluated during long-term antiviral treatment among patients coinfected with hiv and hepatitis b virus (hbv). | 2016 | 26313291 |
| [hepatitis b virus genotype e infection in turkey: the detection of the first case]. | hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection is a global major health problem. currently, 10 genotypes (a-j) of hepatitis b virus (hbv) are identified based on the nucleic acid sequence heterogeneity, and these genotypes have been shown to have distinct geographic distribution. reports of the previous studies indicated that the genotype d is the predominant type among hepatitis b patients in different regions of turkey. however, recent studies indicated that other hbv genotypes are also seen with an increa ... | 2014 | 25492664 |
| prevalence of hbv, hdv, hcv, and hiv infection during pregnancy in northern benin. | pregnant women are not screened for hbsag and anti-hcv antibodies in many african countries. as there are few data concerning the prevalence of hbv, hdv, and hcv serological markers in benin, the aim of this study was to evaluate their 2011 prevalence in pregnant women undergoing hiv screening in a rural area of north benin, and compare the data with those reported for the same area in 1986. the sera of 283 women were examined for hbsag, anti-hbs, anti-hbc, anti-hcv, and anti-hiv 1/2 antibodies. ... | 2014 | 24777580 |
| high endemicity and low molecular diversity of hepatitis b virus infections in pregnant women in a rural district of north cameroon. | a program, supported by the gemhep (groupe d'étude moléculaire des hépatites), was established in 2007 in the sanitary district of tokombéré, to prevent perinatal transmission of hepatitis b virus (hbv). it comprises screening for hbv surface antigen (hbsag) in all pregnant women and vaccinating the newborn if tests are positive. | 2013 | 24265811 |