| a new flavivirus and a new vector: characterization of a novel flavivirus isolated from uranotaenia mosquitoes from a tropical rain forest. | a novel flavivirus was isolated from uranotaenia mashonaensis, a mosquito genus not previously known to harbor flaviviruses. mosquitoes were caught in the primary rain forest of the taï national park, côte d'ivoire. the novel virus, termed nounané virus (nouv), seemed to grow only on c6/36 insect cells and not on vertebrate cells. typical enveloped flavivirus-like particles of 60 to 65 nm in diameter were detected by electron microscopy in the cell culture supernatant of infected cells. the full ... | 2009 | 19224998 |
| characterization of a novel flavivirus from mosquitoes in northern europe that is related to mosquito-borne flaviviruses of the tropics. | a novel flavivirus was isolated from mosquitoes in finland, representing the first mosquito-borne flavivirus from northern europe. the isolate, designated lammi virus (lamv), was antigenically cross-reactive with other flaviviruses and exhibited typical flavivirus morphology as determined by electron microscopy. the genomic sequence of lamv was highly divergent from the recognized flaviviruses, and yet the polyprotein properties resembled those of mosquito-borne flaviviruses. phylogenetic analys ... | 2009 | 19570865 |
| evidence for ribosomal frameshifting and a novel overlapping gene in the genomes of insect-specific flaviviruses. | flaviviruses have a positive-sense, single-stranded rna genome of approximately 11 kb, encoding a large polyprotein that is cleaved to produce approximately 10 mature proteins. cell fusing agent virus, kamiti river virus, culex flavivirus and several recently discovered flaviviruses have no known vertebrate host and apparently infect only insects. we present compelling bioinformatic evidence for a 253-295 codon overlapping gene (designated fifo) conserved throughout these insect-specific flavivi ... | 2010 | 20097399 |
| distribution and phylogenetic comparisons of a novel mosquito flavivirus sequence present in culex tarsalis mosquitoes from western canada with viruses isolated in california and colorado. | in a previous study, a new flavivirus genome sequence was identified in culex tarsalis mosquitoes obtained in alberta, canada and was shown to be genetically related to but distinct from members of the insect-specific flaviviruses. nonstructural protein 5-encoding sequences amplified from cx. tarsalis pools from western canada have shown a high similarity to genome sequences of novel flaviviruses isolated from mosquitoes in california and colorado. despite wide distribution of this virus, design ... | 2011 | 21734143 |
| insect-specific virus discovery: significance for the arbovirus community. | arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses), especially those transmitted by mosquitoes, are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in humans and animals worldwide. recent discoveries indicate that mosquitoes are naturally infected with a wide range of other viruses, many within taxa occupied by arboviruses that are considered insect-specific. over the past ten years there has been a dramatic increase in the literature describing novel insect-specific virus detection in mosquitoes, which has p ... | 2015 | 26378568 |
| insect-specific flaviviruses: a systematic review of their discovery, host range, mode of transmission, superinfection exclusion potential and genomic organization. | there has been a dramatic increase in the number of insect-specific flaviviruses (isfs) discovered in the last decade. historically, these viruses have generated limited interest due to their inability to infect vertebrate cells. this viewpoint has changed in recent years because some isfs have been shown to enhance or suppress the replication of medically important flaviviruses in co-infected mosquito cells. additionally, comparative studies between isfs and medically important flaviviruses can ... | 2015 | 25866904 |
| development of one-step quantitative reverse transcription pcr for the rapid detection of flaviviruses. | the genus flavivirus includes several pathogenic agents that cause severe illness in humans. re-emergence of west nile virus in europe and continuous spread of certain flaviviruses such as dengue, yellow fever and japanese encephalitis viruses represent a global danger to public health. therefore, a rapid and accurate molecular method is required for diagnostics and epidemiological surveillance of flaviviruses. | 2013 | 23410000 |
| viral interference and persistence in mosquito-borne flaviviruses. | mosquito-borne flaviviruses are important pathogens for humans, and the detection of two or more flaviviruses cocirculating in the same geographic area has often been reported. however, the epidemiological impact remains to be determined. mosquito-borne flaviviruses are primarily transmitted through aedes and culex mosquitoes; these viruses establish a life-long or persistent infection without apparent pathological effects. this establishment requires a balance between virus replication and the ... | 2015 | 26583158 |
| potential for co-infection of a mosquito-specific flavivirus, nhumirim virus, to block west nile virus transmission in mosquitoes. | nhumirim virus (nhuv) is an insect-specific virus that phylogenetically affiliates with dual-host mosquito-borne flaviviruses. previous in vitro co-infection experiments demonstrated prior or concurrent infection of aedes albopictus c6/36 mosquito cells with nhuv resulted in a 10,000-fold reduction in viral production of west nile virus (wnv). this interference between wnv and nhuv was observed herein in an additional ae. albopictus mosquito cell line, c7-10. a wnv 2k peptide (v9m) mutant capabl ... | 2015 | 26569286 |
| ecuador paraiso escondido virus, a new flavivirus isolated from new world sand flies in ecuador, is the first representative of a novel clade in the genus flavivirus. | a new flavivirus, ecuador paraiso escondido virus (epev), named after the village where it was discovered, was isolated from sand flies (psathyromyia abonnenci, formerly lutzomyia abonnenci) that are unique to the new world. this represents the first sand fly-borne flavivirus identified in the new world. epev exhibited a typical flavivirus genome organization. nevertheless, the maximum pairwise amino acid sequence identity with currently recognized flaviviruses was 52.8%. phylogenetic analysis o ... | 2015 | 26355096 |
| novel flaviviruses from mosquitoes: mosquito-specific evolutionary lineages within the phylogenetic group of mosquito-borne flaviviruses. | novel flaviviruses that are genetically related to pathogenic mosquito-borne flaviviruses (mbfv) have been isolated from mosquitoes in various geographical locations, including finland. we isolated and characterized another novel virus of this group from finnish mosquitoes collected in 2007, designated as ilomantsi virus (ilov). unlike the mbfv that infect both vertebrates and mosquitoes, the mbfv-related viruses appear to be specific to mosquitoes similar to the insect-specific flaviviruses (is ... | 2014 | 25108382 |
| characterization of a novel insect-specific flavivirus from brazil: potential for inhibition of infection of arthropod cells with medically important flaviviruses. | in the past decade, there has been an upsurge in the number of newly described insect-specific flaviviruses isolated pan-globally. we recently described the isolation of a novel flavivirus (tentatively designated 'nhumirim virus'; nhuv) that represents an example of a unique subset of apparently insect-specific viruses that phylogenetically affiliate with dual-host mosquito-borne flaviviruses despite appearing to be limited to replication in mosquito cells. we characterized the in vitro growth p ... | 2014 | 25146007 |
| flavidb: a data mining system for knowledge discovery in flaviviruses with direct applications in immunology and vaccinology. | the flavivirus genus is unusually large, comprising more than 70 species, of which more than half are known human pathogens. it includes a set of clinically relevant infectious agents such as dengue, west nile, yellow fever, and japanese encephalitis viruses. although these pathogens have been studied extensively, safe and efficient vaccines lack for the majority of the flaviviruses. | 0 | 25544857 |
| genetic characterization of an insect-specific flavivirus isolated from culex theileri mosquitoes collected in southern portugal. | we describe the full genetic characterization of an insect-specific flavivirus (isf) from culex theileri (theobald) mosquitoes collected in portugal. this represents the first isolation and full characterization of an isf from portuguese mosquitoes. the virus, designated ctfv, for culex theileri flavivirus, was isolated in the c6/36 stegomyia albopicta (=aedes albopictus) cell line, and failed to replicate in vertebrate (vero) cells in common with other isfs. the ctfv genome encodes a single pol ... | 2012 | 22579596 |
| nhumirim virus, a novel flavivirus isolated from mosquitoes from the pantanal, brazil. | we describe the isolation of a novel flavivirus, isolated from a pool of mosquitoes identified as culex (culex) chidesteri collected in 2010 in the pantanal region of west-central brazil. the virus is herein designated nhumirim virus (nhuv) after the name of the ranch from which the mosquito pool was collected. flavivirus rna was detected by real-time rt-pcr of homogenized mosquitoes and from the corresponding c6/36 culture supernatant. based on full-genome sequencing, the virus isolate was gene ... | 2014 | 25252815 |
| characterization of a novel negevirus and a novel bunyavirus isolated from culex (culex) declarator mosquitoes in trinidad. | pools of mosquitoes were tested for insect-specific viruses using cytopathic effect (cpe) assays on aedes albopictus (c6/36) cells. illumina sequencing of rna from pool tr7094, which produced extensive cpe 2 days post-infection, yielded the complete genome sequences of a previously unknown bunyavirus, designated cumuto virus (cumv), and a second virus designated wallerfield virus (walv). walv shared highest amino acid identity (60.1 %) with dezidougou virus from côte d'ivoire, a positive-sense, ... | 2013 | 24262627 |
| antiviral drug research proposal activity. | the development of antiviral drugs provides an excellent example of how basic and clinical research must be used together in order to achieve the final goal of treating disease. a research oriented learning activity was designed to help students to better understand how basic and clinical research can be combined toward a common goal. through this project students gained a better understanding of the process of scientific research and increased their information literacy in the field of virology ... | 2011 | 23653735 |
| characterization of a novel flavivirus isolated from culex (melanoconion) ocossa mosquitoes from iquitos, peru. | we describe the isolation and characterization of a novel flavivirus, isolated from a pool of culex (melanoconion) ocossa dyar and knab mosquitoes collected in 2009 in an urban area of the amazon basin city of iquitos, peru. flavivirus infection was detected by indirect immunofluorescent assay of inoculated c6/36 cells using polyclonal flavivirus antibodies (st. louis encephalitis virus, yellow fever virus and dengue virus type 1) and confirmed by rt-pcr. based on partial sequencing of the e and ... | 2013 | 23515021 |
| barkedji virus, a novel mosquito-borne flavivirus identified in culex perexiguus mosquitoes, israel, 2011. | barkedji virus, named after the area of its first identification in senegal, is a newly discovered flavivirus (fv), for which we propose the abbreviation bjv. in the present study, we report the first-time detection of bjv in culex perexiguus mosquitoes in israel in 2011 and determination of its almost complete polyprotein gene sequence. we characterized the bjv genome and defined putative mature proteins, conserved structural elements and potential enzyme motifs along the polyprotein precursor. ... | 2013 | 23939978 |
| complete genome sequences of two insect-specific flaviviruses. | we determined the complete genomic sequences of two previously discovered insect-specific flaviviruses, marisma mosquito virus (mmv) and nanay virus (nanv), using a combination of high-throughput sequencing, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, 5' and 3' rapid amplification of cdna ends and sanger sequencing. complete polyprotein amino acid sequence alignments revealed that the closest known relatives of mmv and nanv are donggang virus (89% identity, 95% similarity) and nounané virus ... | 2017 | 28918473 |