| differential expression pattern of vago in bumblebee (bombus terrestris), induced by virulent and avirulent virus infections. | viruses are one of the main drivers of the decline of domesticated and wild bees but the mechanisms of antiviral immunity in pollinators are poorly understood. recent work has suggested that next to the small interfering rna (sirna) pathway other immune-related pathways play a role in the defense of the bee hosts against viral infection. in addition, vago plays a role in the cross-talk between the innate immune pathways in culex mosquito cells. here we describe the vago orthologue in bumblebees ... | 2016 | 27680717 |
| genetic characterization of slow bee paralysis virus of the honeybee (apis mellifera l.). | complete genome sequences were determined for two distinct strains of slow bee paralysis virus (sbpv) of honeybees (apis mellifera). the sbpv genome is approximately 9.5 kb long and contains a single orf flanked by 5'- and 3'-utrs and a naturally polyadenylated 3' tail, with a genome organization typical of members of the family iflaviridae. the two strains, labelled 'rothamsted' and 'harpenden', are 83% identical at the nucleotide level (94% identical at the amino acid level), although this var ... | 2010 | 20519455 |
| isolation and characterization of a new iflavirus from armigeres spp. mosquitoes in the philippines. | during an entomological surveillance for arthropod-borne viruses in the philippines, we isolated a previously unrecognized virus from female armigeres spp. mosquitoes. whole-genome sequencing, genetic characterization and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolated virus, designated armigeres iflavirus (arifv), is a novel member of the iflaviruses (genus iflavirus, family iflaviridae) and phylogenetically related to moku virus, hubei odonate virus 4, slow bee paralysis virus and graminella ... | 2017 | 29048274 |
| the single von willebrand factor c-domain protein (svc) coding gene is not involved in the hymenoptaecin upregulation after israeli acute paralysis virus (iapv) injection in the bumblebee bombus terrestris. | within insects, inductions of antimicrobial peptides (amps) have been reported after different virus challenges. it is believed that this link is not directly induced by the virus itself, but rather indirectly induced by secondary effects of virus infection. here we explored if direct sensing of the virus could trigger amp expression. recently, a cytokine-like molecule vago, a member of the single von willebrand factor c-domain (svc) protein family, has been shown to be induced by virus infectio ... | 2018 | 29170046 |
| absence of deformed wing virus and varroa destructor in australia provides unique perspectives on honeybee viral landscapes and colony losses. | honeybee (apis mellifera) health is threatened globally by the complex interaction of multiple stressors, including the parasitic mite varroa destructor and a number of pathogenic viruses. australia provides a unique opportunity to study this pathogenic viral landscape in the absence of v. destructor. we analysed 1,240a. mellifera colonies across australia by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and next-generation sequencing (ngs). five viruses were prevalent: black queen ce ... | 2017 | 28761114 |
| virion structure of iflavirus slow bee paralysis virus at 2.6-angstrom resolution. | the western honeybee (apis mellifera) is the most important commercial insect pollinator. however, bees are under pressure from habitat loss, environmental stress, and pathogens, including viruses that can cause lethal epidemics. slow bee paralysis virus (sbpv) belongs to the iflaviridae family of nonenveloped single-stranded rna viruses. here we present the structure of the sbpv virion determined from two crystal forms to resolutions of 3.4 å and 2.6 å. the overall structure of the virion resem ... | 2016 | 27279610 |
| cryo-em study of slow bee paralysis virus at low ph reveals iflavirus genome release mechanism. | viruses from the family iflaviridae are insect pathogens. many of them, including slow bee paralysis virus (sbpv), cause lethal diseases in honeybees and bumblebees, resulting in agricultural losses. iflaviruses have nonenveloped icosahedral virions containing single-stranded rna genomes. however, their genome release mechanism is unknown. here, we show that low ph promotes sbpv genome release, indicating that the virus may use endosomes to enter host cells. we used cryo-em to study a heterogene ... | 2017 | 28053231 |
| condition-dependent virulence of slow bee paralysis virus in bombus terrestris: are the impacts of honeybee viruses in wild pollinators underestimated? | slow bee paralysis virus (sbpv)-previously considered an obligate honeybee disease-is now known to be prevalent in bumblebee species. sbpv is highly virulent in honeybees in association with varroa mites, but has been considered relatively benign otherwise. however, condition-dependent pathogens can appear asymptomatic under good, resource abundant conditions, and negative impacts on host fitness may only become apparent when under stressful or resource-limited conditions. we tested whether sbpv ... | 2017 | 28361244 |
| infections of virulent and avirulent viruses differentially influenced the expression of dicer-1, ago-1, and micrornas in bombus terrestris. | the microrna (mirna) pathway is well established to be involved in host-pathogen interactions. as key insect pollinators, bees are suffering from widely spreading viruses, especially honeybees and bumblebees. in order to better understand bee-virus interaction, we comparatively analyzed the involvement of the bumblebee mirna pathway upon infection by two different viruses. in our setup, an avirulent infection is induced by slow bee paralysis virus (sbpv) and a virulent infection is induced by is ... | 2017 | 28374846 |
| varroa destructor macula-like virus, lake sinai virus and other new rna viruses in wild bumblebee hosts (bombus pascuorum, bombus lapidarius and bombus pratorum). | pollinators such as bumblebees (bombus spp.) are in decline worldwide which poses a threat not only for ecosystem biodiversity but also to human crop production services. one main cause of pollinator decline may be the infection and transmission of diseases including rna viruses. recently, new viruses have been discovered in honeybees, but information on the presence of these in wild bumblebees is largely not available. in this study, we investigated the prevalence of new rna viruses in bombus s ... | 2016 | 26706994 |
| moku virus; a new iflavirus found in wasps, honey bees and varroa. | there is an increasing global trend of emerging infectious diseases (eids) affecting a wide range of species, including honey bees. the global epidemic of the single stranded rna deformed wing virus (dwv), driven by the spread of varroa destructor has been well documented. however, dwv is just one of many insect rna viruses which infect a wide range of hosts. here we report the full genome sequence of a novel iflavirus named moku virus (mv), discovered in the social wasp vespula pensylvanica col ... | 2016 | 27713534 |
| prevalence of honeybee viruses in different regions of china and argentina. | honeybees are threatened by various pathogens and parasites. more than 18 viruses have been described in honeybees and many of them have been detected in china and argentina. in china, both apis cerana and apis mellifera are raised. in argentina, beekeepers raise different ecotypes of a. mellifera: european honeybees (in both temperate and subtropical regions) and africanised honeybees (in subtropical areas only). a thorough study was carried out in both china and argentina to analyse the curren ... | 2016 | 28332647 |
| in vivo study of dicer-2-mediated immune response of the small interfering rna pathway upon systemic infections of virulent and avirulent viruses in bombus terrestris. | recent studies suggest a potent role of the small interfering rna (sirna) pathway in the control of bee viruses and its usefulness to tackle these viral diseases. however, the involvement of the sirna pathway in the defense against different bee viruses is still poorly understood. therefore, in this report, we comprehensively analyzed the response of the sirna pathway in bumblebees of bombus terrestris to systemic infections of the virulent israeli acute paralysis virus (iapv) and the avirulent ... | 2016 | 26711439 |