| haemolytic activities of plant saponins and adjuvants. effect of periandra mediterranea saponin on the humoral response to the fml antigen of leishmania donovani. | an 87.7% (p < 0.01) and 84% (p < 0.001) of protection against visceral leishmaniasis was achieved in cb hamsters and balb/c mice, respectively, with saponin combined to the fucose-mannose ligand of leishmania donovani (fml). however, an undesirable haemolytic effect was described for several saponins. aiming to improve the formulation with fml/saponin, we comparatively analysed the haemolytic potential of recently characterized plant saponins and currently used adjuvants. the haemolytic activity ... | 1997 | 9261952 |
| monolignol acylation and lignin structure in some nonwoody plants: a 2d nmr study. | lignins from three nonwoody angiosperms were analyzed by 2d nmr revealing important differences in their molecular structures. the musa textilis milled-wood-lignin (mwl), with a syringyl-to-guaiacyl (s/g) ratio of 9, was strongly acylated (near 85% of side-chains) at the gamma-carbon by both acetates and p-coumarates, as estimated from (1)h-(13)c correlations in c(gamma)-esterified and c(gamma)-oh units. the p-coumarate h(3,5)-c(3,5) correlation signal was completely displaced by acetylation, an ... | 2008 | 18945458 |
| highly acylated (acetylated and/or p-coumaroylated) native lignins from diverse herbaceous plants. | the structure of lignins isolated from the herbaceous plants sisal ( agave sisalana), kenaf ( hibiscus cannabinus), abaca ( musa textilis) and curaua ( ananas erectifolius) has been studied upon spectroscopic (2d-nmr) and chemical degradative (derivatization followed by reductive cleavage) methods. the analyses demonstrate that the structure of the lignins from these plants is highly remarkable, being extensively acylated at the gamma-carbon of the lignin side chain (up to 80% acylation) with ac ... | 2008 | 18823124 |
| experimental investigation of various vegetable fibers as sorbent materials for oil spills. | oil spills are a global concern due to their environmental and economical impact. various commercial systems have been developed to control these spills, including the use of fibers as sorbents. this research investigates the use of various vegetable fibers, namely mixed leaves residues, mixed sawdust, sisal (agave sisalana), coir fiber (cocos nucifera), sponge-gourd (luffa cylindrica) and silk-floss as sorbent materials of crude oil. sorption tests with crude oil were conducted in deionized and ... | 2005 | 15946707 |
| ethnomedical aspects of the commonly used toothbrush sticks in ethiopia. | to determine the botanical identity, cytotoxicity, and antibacterial property of the commonly used toothbrush sticks in ethiopia. | 1999 | 10734528 |
| dna analysis of natural fiber rope. | when rope is found at a crime scene, the type of fiber is currently identified through its microscopic characteristics. however, these characteristics may not always unambiguously distinguish some types of rope from others. if rope samples contain cells from the plants of origin, then dna analysis may prove to be a better way to identify the type of rope obtained from a crime scene. the objective of this project was to develop techniques of dna analysis that can be used to differentiate between ... | 2009 | 19018936 |
| in vivo anthelmintic activity of an aqueous extract from sisal waste (agave sisalana perr.) against gastrointestinal nematodes in goats. | the resistance of gastrointestinal nematodes (gins) of small ruminants to anthelmintics has required the investigation of new alternatives. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vivo anthelmintic activity of an aqueous extract from sisal waste (agave sisalana) (aesw) against gins in goats and to observe the animals for toxic effects. thirty animals that were naturally infected with gins were distributed into three groups: group i, was treated with daily doses of aesw (1.7 g/kg) for ... | 2010 | 21156340 |
| evaluation of anthelmintic activity of liquid waste of agave sisalana (sisal) in goats. | it was evaluated the anthelmintic activity of agave sisalana (sisal) juice against gastrointestinal nematodes and its potential toxic effects in goats. in vitro tests showed more than 95% reduction in larval counts of the genus haemonchus spp. at concentrations between 86.5 and 146.3 mg.ml(-1). in vivo the percent reduction of larvae of the fourth (l4) and fifth (l5) stages of haemonchus, oesophagostomum and trichostrongylus was less than 95% in groups gi and gii, and between 80 and 90% in group ... | 2010 | 21184710 |
| preconcentration and determination of copper in tobacco leaves samples by using a minicolumn of sisal fiber (agave sisalana) loaded with alizarin fluorine blue by faas. | in the present study, a minicolumn of sisal fiber loaded with alizarin fluorine blue is proposed as a preconcentration system for copper determination in tobacco leaf samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. during the optimization procedure, a two level full factorial design (2(4)) was used at the preliminary evaluation of four factors, involving the following variables: sampling flow rate, elution flow rate, buffer concentration and ph. regarding the studied levels, this design has sho ... | 2011 | 22284492 |
| in vivo anthelmintic efficacy of aloe ferox, agave sisalana, and gunnera perpensa in village chickens naturally infected with heterakis gallinarum. | the study was conducted to determine the anthelmintic efficacy of aloe ferox, agave sisalana, and gunnera perpensa against heterakis gallinarum in village chickens. the chickens naturally infected with h. gallinarum were randomly divided into 14 groups of eight chickens and orally administered distilled water (negative control), mebendazole (positive control), and graded levels (50-, 100-, 200-, and 400-mg/kg doses) of the three plant extracts. at days 0, 7, and 14, the floatation technique was ... | 2015 | 25311442 |
| characterization of natural fibers and their application in bone grafting substitutes. | in the last decades, researchers have developed new materials to improve the quality of human life. owing to the frequent occurrence of bone fractures, it is important to develop plate materials for the fixation of fractured bones. these plate materials have to be lightweight, compatible with human tissues and ought to allow stiffness. natural fibers have the advantage that they are renewable resources and have marketing appeal. the asian markets have been supplying natural fibers for many years ... | 2011 | 21500767 |
| [utilization of the waste of sisal industry in the control of mosquito larvae]. | the aim of this research was to utilize the waste residues of sisal fiber separation from agave sisalana leaves to develop a larvicide for the combat of mosquito transmitting tropical diseases. larvae of aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus were exposed to different concentrations of the agave extract for 24 hours to determine lethal concentrations. the lc50 for a. aegypti was 322 ppm and the lc50 for c. quinquefasciatus was 183 ppm. to detect the active substances, saponins were investigate ... | 2006 | 9927821 |
| the larvicidal activity of agave sisalana against l4 larvae of aedes aegypti is mediated by internal necrosis and inhibition of nitric oxide production. | dengue is a viral disease that affects about 50 million people per year around the world. the aim of this study was to investigate the larvicidal activity of agave sisalana crude extract in order to develop a new insecticide against aedes aegypti. in larvicidal activity assays, fourth-stage ae. aegypti larvae were exposed to different concentrations of a. sisalana crude extract for 3, 6, 12, and 24 h for determining the lc50. next, we explored its cytotoxic activity by flow cytometry. furthermor ... | 2015 | 25395257 |
| chemicals from agave sisalana biomass: isolation and identification. | agave sisalana (sisal) is known worldwide as a source of hard fibers, and brazil is the largest producer of sisal. nonetheless, the process of removing the fibers of the sisal leaf generates 95% waste. in this study, we applied chemical sequential steps (hydrothermal extraction, precipitation, liquid-liquid extraction, crystallization, sio2 and sephadex lh 20 column chromatography) to obtain pectin, mannitol, succinic acid, kaempferol and a mixture of saponins as raw chemicals from sisal biomass ... | 2015 | 25903149 |
| physico-chemical quality parameters of herbal products from agave sisalana. | agave sisalana components have great potential in different pharmaceutical applications, but the quality of herbal raw materials is essential to reach the desired product specifications. in this work, we investigated the physico-chemical quality parameters of bole and wastes from decortication of a. sisalana leaves. the statistically significant variations among products suggest different pharmaceutical applications for each of them. | 2014 | 24896813 |
| applications of the hexanic fraction of agave sisalana perrine ex engelm (asparagaceae): control of inflammation and pain screening. | the present study evaluated the anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of agave sisalana perrine in classic models of inflammation and pain. the hexanic fraction of a. sisalana (hfas) was obtained by acid hydrolysis followed by hexanic reflux. anti-inflammatory properties were examined in three acute mouse models (xylene ear oedema, hind paw oedema and pleurisy) and a chronic mouse model (granuloma cotton pellet). the antinociceptive potential was evaluated in chemical (acetic-acid) and ther ... | 2013 | 23778651 |
| construction and evaluation of normalized cdna libraries enriched with full-length sequences for rapid discovery of new genes from sisal (agave sisalana perr.) different developmental stages. | to provide a resource of sisal-specific expressed sequence data and facilitate this powerful approach in new gene research, the preparation of normalized cdna libraries enriched with full-length sequences is necessary. four libraries were produced with rna pooled from agave sisalana multiple tissues to increase efficiency of normalization and maximize the number of independent genes by smart™ method and the duplex-specific nuclease (dsn). this procedure kept the proportion of full-length c ... | 2012 | 23202944 |
| in vitro ovicidal and larvicidal activity of agave sisalana perr. (sisal) on gastrointestinal nematodes of goats. | this study describes the in vitro anthelmintic activity of aqueous extracts (ae), ethyl acetate extracts (ee), flavonoid fractions (ff) and saponin fractions (sf) obtained from sisal waste (agave sisalana) against gastrointestinal nematodes of goats. the activity of these extracts was evaluated by performing inhibition of egg hatch (eha) and larval migration (lmi) assays. the ec(50) results of the eha corresponded to 4.7, 0.1 and 0.05 mg/ml for ee, ea and ff, respectively. the sf fraction showed ... | 2013 | 23146415 |
| action of sisal (agave sisalana, perrine) extract in the in vitro development of sheep and goat gastrointestinal nematodes. | active compounds from agave sisalana with antiparasitic action against gastrointestinal nematodes (gins) could be an alternative to diversify the range of parasite management methods in the livestock sector. the objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro action of a. sisalana extract on the development of sheep and goat gins. the extract, obtained from shredded sisal leaves, was utilized at various concentrations in the egg hatch test (eht), larval development test (ldt), larval feedin ... | 2012 | 22469785 |
| effects of hecogenin and its possible mechanism of action on experimental models of gastric ulcer in mice. | this study investigates the gastroprotective effects of hecogenin, a steroid saponin isolated from agave sisalana, on experimental models of gastric ulcer. male swiss mice were used in the models of ethanol- and indometacin-induced gastric ulcer. to clarify the hecogenin mechanism of action, the roles of nitric oxide (no), sulfhydryls (gsh), k⁺(atp) channels and prostaglandins were also investigated, and measurements of lipid peroxidation (tbars assay) and nitrite levels in the stomach of hecoge ... | 2012 | 22426163 |
| phytochemical and antimicrobial screening of methanol and aqueous extracts of agave sisalana. | the methanol and the aqueous extracts of the plant, agave sisalana were prepared and evaluated for its phytochemical properties and antimicrobial activities. the phytochemical analysis of the preparation revealed the presence of some secondary metabolites which include: saponins, glycosides, cardiac glycosides, steroids, tannins and flavonoids. the in vitro antimicrobial activity of the crude methanol and aqueous extract of the agave sisalana were investigated. the extract showed antimicrobial a ... | 2013 | 21796935 |
| cytotoxic steroidal saponins from agave sisalana. | two new steroidal saponins, 8 and 10, along with 7 known steroidal sapogenins and saponins (1-7) and a furostanol saponin (9) were isolated from agave sisalana perrine ex engelm. the structures of these two new compounds were identified and characterized by 1d and 2d nmr spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. in addition, acid hydrolysis and gc-fid were used to confirm the sugar moieties of 8 and 10. the cytotoxic effects of 1-10 on mcf-7, nci-h460, and sf-268 cancer cells were evaluated, and among ... | 2011 | 21243587 |
| termite resistant properties of sisal fiberboards. | a study was carried out to test sisal (agave sisalana perrine) fiberboards properties as building materials against asian subterranean termite, coptotermes gestroi (wasmann). evaluation was in the laboratory according to the jwpa standard-tw-s.1-1992. to improve mechanical properties of fiberboards made from sisal fibers, the boards were overlaid by rubber veneer, betung bamboo matting or formica. result showed that the formica-overlaid sisal fiberboards performed better than other overlaid fibe ... | 2011 | 26467825 |
| isolation and immunomodulatory effect of homoisoflavones and flavones from agave sisalana perrine ex engelm. | three known flavones and seven known homoisoflavonoids were isolated from the methanolic extract of the leaves of agave sisalanaperrine ex engelm. their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. the isolated compounds were also evaluated for immunopharmacological activity. pbmc were used as target cells, and cell proliferation was determined by (3)h-thymidine uptake. (+/-)-3,9-dihydroeucomin (4), dihydrobonducellin (5), and 5,7-dihydroxy-3-(4'-hydroxybenzyl)-4-chromanone ... | 2009 | 19471199 |
| high prevalence of immunoglobulin e (ige) sensitization among sisal (agave sisalana) processing workers in tanzania. | allergic sensitization among workers exposed to sisal is scarcely documented. we examined whether sisal processing is associated with ige sensitization and its relationship to the prevalence of respiratory symptoms among tanzanian processors. | 2008 | 19061261 |
| the nmr studies on two new furostanol saponins from agave sisalana leaves. | the detailed nmr studies and full assignments of the 1h and 13c spectral data for two new furostanol saponins isolated from agave sisalana leaves are described. their structures were established using a combination of 1d and 2d nmr techniques including 1h, 13c, 1h-1h cosy, tocsy, hsqc, hmbc and hsqc-tocsy, and also fab-ms spectrometry and chemical methods. the structures were established as (25s)-26-(beta-d-glucopyranosyl)-22 xi-hydroxyfurost-12-one-3beta-yl-o-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->4)-bet ... | 2006 | 16991112 |
| somatic embryogenesis in sisal ( agave sisalana perr. ex. engelm). | a protocol has been developed for somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration of sisal (agave sisalana perr. ex. engelm). embryogenic callus cultures were initiated from young shoots raised in vitro from the stem portion of the bulbil on medium supplemented with 1-2 mg l(-1) kinetin (kn) and 0.2-0.5 mg l(-1) alpha-naphthaleneacetic acid plus kn or 1-1.5 mg l(-1 )benzylaminopurine (bap) or 0.25-0.5 mg l(-1 )2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid plus bap or 0.5-1.0 mg l(-1) kn. embryos at various develo ... | 2003 | 12920563 |
| two new steroidal saponins from dried fermented residues of leaf-juices of agave sisalana forma dong no. 1. | in a previous paper, we reported the isolation and structure determination of three new steroidal saponins, dongnosides c (3), d (2) and e (1) from the dried fermented residues of leaf-juices of agave sisalana forma dong no. 1. in a continuing study on this plant, two additional new major steroidal saponins, named dongnosides b (4) and a (5), were obtained. their structures were characterized respectively as tigogenin 3-o-alpha-l-rhamonpyranosyl-(1-->4)-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)- [beta-d- gl ... | 1993 | 8477509 |
| barbourgenin, a new steroidal sapogenin from agave sisalana leaves. | | 2000 | 3783164 |
| irritant and sensitizing potential of some common indian cact' succulents, lichens and aquatic plants. | irritant potential of 3 cacti, opuntia dilenii, rhispalis baccifera and cereus peruvians, and 4 succulents, euphorbia royleana, euphorbia antiquorum,sansevieria zeyilanica and agave sisalana was tested by rubbing their freshly exposed pulp 10 times on the forearm skin of 10 human voluntrees. opuntia dilenii, euphorbia antiquorum, rhispalis baccifera and agave sisalana produced transitory itching and burning or dermatitis in only one patient each, indicating that these plants are not highly irrit ... | 2017 | 28150662 |
| a quantitative gas-liquid chromatographic method for the estimation of hecogenin and tigogenin in the leaves, juice and sapogenin concentrates of agave sisalana. | a gas-liquid chromatographic method has been devised for the routine estimation of the hecogenin [3beta-hydroxy-(25r)-5beta-spirostan-12-one] and tigogenin [ (25r)-5beta-spirostan-3beta-ol] contents of agave sisalana leaf and juice samples and of the crude sapogenin concentrates known as "coffee grounds". because of partial degradation of the sapogenins in the glc system it was found necessary to acetylate the compounds prior to their estimation. in east african samples the tigogenin proportion ... | 1978 | 675738 |
| [steroidal sapogenins. i. determination of hecagenins and tigogenins in agave sisalana perrine using gas chromatography]. | | 1978 | 688403 |
| rockogenin formation during the processing of agave sisalana leaves for hecogenin. | | 2000 | 875648 |
| a reinvestigation of the steroidal sapogenins of agave sisalana. | | 1974 | 4833217 |
| biotransformation of steroidal saponins in sisal (agave sisalana perrine) to tigogenin by a newly isolated strain from a karst area of guilin, china. | a rod-shaped bacterium was isolated from the soil in a karst area of guilin, china and its biotransformation of steroidal saponins in sisal (agave sisalana perrine) to tigogenin was presented for the first time. a total of 22 strains for the degradation of steroidal saponins in sisal were isolated from 48 soil samples, and the isolated rod-shaped, bacterial strain zg-21 was used for the production of tigogenin due to its highest degradation efficiency of steroidal saponins in sisal. the paramete ... | 2014 | 26019589 |
| cytophotometric and biochemical analyses of dna in pentaploid and diploid agave species. | nuclear dna content, chromatin structure, and dna composition were investigated in four agave species: two diploid, agave tequilana weber and agave angustifolia haworth var. marginata hort., and two pentaploid, agave fourcroydes lemaire and agave sisalana perrine. it was determined that the genome size of pentaploid species is nearly 2.5 times that of diploid ones. cytophotometric analyses of chromatin structure were performed following feulgen or dapi staining to determine optical density profi ... | 1996 | 18469892 |
| lignin-carbohydrate complexes from sisal (agave sisalana) and abaca (musa textilis): chemical composition and structural modifications during the isolation process. | two types of lignins occurred in different lignin-carbohydrate fractions, a lignin enriched in syringyl units, less condensed, preferentially associated with xylans, and a lignin with more guaiacyl units, more condensed, associated with glucans. lignin-carbohydrate complexes (lcc) were isolated from the fibers of sisal (agave sisalana) and abaca (musa textilis) according to a plant biomass fractionation procedure recently developed and which was termed as "universally" applicable to any type of ... | 2016 | 26848983 |