| differential expression pattern of an acidic 9/13-lipoxygenase in flower opening and senescence and in leaf response to phloem feeders in the tea plant. | lipoxygenase (loxs) is a large family of plant enzymes that catalyse the hydroperoxidation of free polyunsaturated fatty acids into diverse biologically active compounds, collectively named phyto-oxylipins. although multiple isoforms of loxs have been identified in a wide range of annual herbaceous plants, the genes encoding these enzymes in perennial woody plants have not received as much attention. in camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze, no lox gene of any type has been isolated, and its possible ... | 2010 | 20969806 |
| regulated deficit irrigation and density of erythroneura spp. (hemiptera: cicadellidae) on grape. | this study looked at regulated deficit irrigation (rdi) on leafhoppers in the genus erythroneura (erythroneura elegantula osborn, or western grape leafhopper, and erythroneura variabilis beamer) (hemiptera: cicadellidae), which are serious pests of cultivated grape (vitis vinifera l.) in california. rdi is an irrigation strategy that reduces irrigation during a critical point in the phenology of a cultivated perennial crop, to improve vegetative balance and crop quality. erythroneura spp. are kn ... | 2008 | 18767738 |
| probing behavior of empoasca vitis (homoptera: cicadellidae) on resistant and susceptible cultivars of tea plants. | feeding activities of the tea green leafhopper, empoasca vitis (gothe) (homoptera: cicadellidae), on resistant and susceptible cultivars of tea plants (camellia sinensis l.) were recorded and analyzed using the direct current electrical penetration graph (epg) system. six distinct epg waveforms characterizing the feeding behavior of the tea green leafhopper, categorized as waveforms a, c, e, s, f, and r, were obtained during the investigation. duration of passive ingestion, possibly of phloem (e ... | 2014 | 25502031 |
| the complete mitochondrial genome of tambocerus sp. (hemiptera: cicadellidae). | the complete mitochondrial genome of tambocerus sp. (hemiptera: cicadellidae) from zhejiang and anhui provinces of china was sequenced. the total length of the mitogenome is 15 955 bp (genbank accession no. kt827824) and consists of 22 transfer rnas, 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal rnas and 1 control region. the base composition of the heavy strand for a, t, c, and g is 41.39, 35.02, 14.00, and 9.59%, respectively. all of the protein-coding genes (pcgs) start with atn. five protein-coding g ... | 2017 | 26710270 |
| enhanced conidial thermotolerance and field efficacy of beauveria bassiana by saccharides. | insecticide efficacy of beauveria bassiana conidia was improved by optimizing the concentrations of conidial heat-protective saccharides (glucose, sucrose, maltose, trehalose, α-lactose, and mannitol) using response surface methodology. two field trials in tea gardens were carried out to control leafhopper (empoasca vitis) by spraying b. bassiana conidia together with the optimized saccharides (0.26 g glucose, 0.28 g lactose, 0.24 g mannitol per ml). in the field studies, b. bassiana conidia wer ... | 2014 | 25062642 |
| isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite loci in the green leafhopper empoasca vitis goethe (homoptera). | eight dinucleotide microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized within the green leafhopper empoasca vitis (goethe) using an enrichment cloning procedure. primers were tested on 171 individuals collected in the southwest of france from the vine plants. the identified loci were polymorphic, with allelic diversity ranging from two to 18 alleles per locus. observed heterozygosities were from 0.021 to 0.760. these microsatellite markers should prove to be a useful tool for estimating the popu ... | 2009 | 21564758 |
| effects of irrigation on the seasonal abundance of empoasca vitis in north-italian vineyards. | the effect of irrigation on the abundance of empoasca vitis (göthe) populations was investigated in four vineyards located in northeastern italy. in two experiments, we compared leafhopper population densities in plots irrigated (micro-spray irrigation system) or nonirrigated. in another experiment, we studied the effect of various irrigation systems on e. vitis populations over two successive seasons. in particular, five treatments were compared: control (not irrigated), traditional drip system ... | 2012 | 22420270 |
| influence of intensity and duration of regulated deficit irrigation on erythroneura elegantula (hemiptera: cicadellidae) on grape. | we conducted studies in a paso robles, ca, grape (vitis vinifera l.) vineyard in 2002 and 2003 to estimate the impact of regulated deficit irrigation (rdi) intensity and duration on western grape leafhopper, erythroneura elegantula osborn. treatments were based on deficit intensity, 50 and 25% of standard irrigation (moderate and severe deficits, respectively), and deficit duration, 3 or 6 wk time, initiated at the grape phenological stage of berry set. the standard irrigation served as the cont ... | 2012 | 22928309 |
| complete mitochondrial genome of empoasca vitis (hemiptera: cicadellidae). | the complete mitochondrial genome of empoasca vitis was sequenced. the length of the mitogenome is 15,154 bp with 78.35% at content (genbank accession no. kj815009). the genome encode 37 typical mitochondrial genes including 22 transfer rna genes, 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal rna genes and an a+t-rich region. the gene arrangement is similar to that of drosophila yakuba, the presumed ancestral insect mitochondrial gene arrangement. except for cox2 using gtg as start codon, other protein-c ... | 2016 | 24963771 |
| calcium tartrate crystals in the midgut of the grape leafhopper. | calcium tartrate crystals were observed in the midgut of grape leafhoppers. this unique compound was found for the first time in insects. the size of the crystals varied strongly between and within individuals with a mean length of 153 +/- 87 microm and a mean width of 71 +/- 46 microm. in addition, the number of crystals per individual showed a broad variation and ranged from 1 to 150 crystals/individual. the occurrence of calcium tartrate crystals as well as the number of crystals per individu ... | 2005 | 16365709 |
| characterization of epg waveforms for the tea green leafhopper, empoasca vitis göthe (hemiptera: cicadellidae), on tea plants and their correlation with stylet activities. | the stylet probing activities of the tea green leafhopper empoasca vitis gothe (hemiptera: cicadellidae) were studied using the dc electrical penetration graph (epg) technique. seven different epg waveforms (i.e., np, e1, e2, e3, e4, e5 and e6) were distinguished and characterized on susceptible tea leaves. in addition, four of them (i.e., np, e1, e2, e3), together accounting for 97.08% of the total recording time, were behaviorally correlated with probing and non-probing activities using artifi ... | 2012 | 22750027 |
| comparison of insecticide susceptibilities of empoasca vitis (hemiptera: cicadellidae) from three main tea-growing regions in china. | empoasca vitis (göthe) is an important insect pest in tea-growing areas of china, and chemical control is the main tactic for the management of this pest. due to the pressure of increasing insecticide resistance and more stringent food safety regulations, development of sound ipm strategies for e. vitis is an urgent matter. this study comparatively evaluated four field populations of e. vitis from three different tea-growing regions in china for their susceptibilities to eight insecticides using ... | 2015 | 26470253 |
| relative infestation level and sensitivity of grapevine cultivars to the leafhopper empoasca vitis (hemiptera: cicadellidae). | the leafhopper empoasca vitis (göthe) (hemiptera: cicadellidae) feeds on veins of grapevine leaves, mainly on the phloem, causing physiological injury, color change and drying of leaf margins, yield and sugar content reduction. the relative infestation level (i.e., the probability that a plant is attacked by herbivores) of e. vitis on different grapevine cultivars and their sensitivity (i.e., the incidence of symptoms expression in response to herbivore feeding or other stimuli) to this pest wer ... | 2016 | 26503344 |
| landscape diversity and crop vigor influence biological control of the western grape leafhopper (e. elegantula osborn) in vineyards. | this study evaluated how the proportional area of natural habitat surrounding a vineyard (i.e. landscape diversity) worked in conjunction with crop vigor, cultivar and rootstock selection to influence biological control of the western grape leafhopper (erythroneura elegantula osborn). the key natural enemies of e. elegantula are anagrus erythroneurae s. trjapitzin & chiappini and a. daanei triapitsyn, both of which are likely impacted by changes in landscape diversity due to their reliance on no ... | 2015 | 26555074 |
| plant-mediated interspecific horizontal transmission of an intracellular symbiont in insects. | intracellular reproductive manipulators, such as candidatus cardinium and wolbachia are vertically transmitted to progeny but rarely show co-speciation with the host. in sap-feeding insects, plant tissues have been proposed as alternative horizontal routes of interspecific transmission, but experimental evidence is limited. here we report results from experiments that show that cardinium is horizontally transmitted between different phloem sap-feeding insect species through plants. quantitative ... | 2015 | 26563507 |
| spatial distribution and sampling plans for grapevine plant canopy-inhabiting scaphoideus titanus (hemiptera: cicadellidae) nymphs. | the paper deals with the study of the spatial distribution and the design of sampling plans for estimating nymph densities of the grape leafhopper scaphoideus titanus ball in vine plant canopies. in a reference vineyard sampled for model parameterization, leaf samples were repeatedly taken according to a multistage, stratified, random sampling procedure, and data were subjected to an anova. there were no significant differences in density neither among the strata within the vineyard nor between ... | 2016 | 26719593 |
| host plant associations of anagrus spp. (hymenoptera: mymaridae) and erythroneura elegantula (hemiptera: cicadellidae) in northern california. | anagrus erythroneurae s. trjapitzin & chiappini and anagrus daanei triapitsyn are the key parasitoids of the western grape leafhopper (erythroneura elegantula osborn) in northern california vineyards. erythroneura elegantula overwinters as an adult in reproductive diapause. to successfully overwinter, anagrus spp. must locate an alternate leafhopper host that overwinters in an egg stage that they can parasitize. these alternate leafhopper hosts are thought to be primarily located in the natural ... | 2016 | 27106818 |
| spatially targeted applications of reduced-risk insecticides for economical control of grape berry moth, paralobesia viteana (lepidoptera: tortricidae). | the grape berry moth, paralobesia viteana clemens (lepidoptera: tortricidae), is a key economic pest of vineyards in eastern north america, and prevention of fruit infestation is particularly challenging along vineyard borders that are adjacent to wooded areas containing wild grape (vitis spp.). for three years, infestation and damage in vineyards where reduced-risk insecticides were applied to borders at timings based on a degree day model (integrated pest management program) were compared to t ... | 2016 | 27435929 |
| tea green leafhopper, empoasca vitis, chooses suitable host plants by detecting the emission level of (3z)-hexenyl acetate. | green leaf volatiles (glvs) have been reported to play an important role in the host-locating behavior of several folivores that feed on angiosperms. however, next to nothing is known about how the green leafhopper, empoasca vitis, chooses suitable host plants and whether it detects differing emission levels of glv components among genetically different tea varieties. here we found that the constitutive transcript level of the tea hydroperoxide lyase (hpl) gene csihpl1, and the amounts of (z)-3- ... | 2017 | 27444230 |
| identification of transcripts involved in digestion, detoxification and immune response from transcriptome of empoasca vitis (hemiptera: cicadellidae) nymphs. | tea production has been significantly impacted by the false-eye leafhopper, empoasca vitis (göthe), around asia. to identify the key genes which are responsible for nutrition absorption, xenobiotic metabolism and immune response, the transcriptome of either alimentary tracts or bodies minus alimentary tract of e. vitis was sequenced and analyzed. over 31 million reads were obtained from illumina sequencing. de novo sequence assembly resulted in 52,182 unigenes with a mean size of 848nt. the asse ... | 2017 | 27867104 |
| the reproductive strategy and the vibrational duet of the leafhopper empoasca vitis. | the recent description of a new vibrational mating disruption method to control the leafhopper scaphoideus titanus ball opened questions about its possible application to other leafhopper pests. since the prerequisite for the method's successful application is a deep knowledge of the species mating behavior and the exact role of associated signals, we conducted behavioral assays on the green leafhopper empoasca vitis göthe, a pest of grapevine and other crops in europe and asia. laser vibrometer ... | 2017 | 28296131 |
| efficacy and mode of action of kaolin in the control of empoasca vitis and zygina rhamni (hemiptera: cicadellidae) in vineyards. | during 2015, the influence of kaolin applications and bunch-zone leaf removal on the grapevine leafhoppers, empoasca vitis (göthe) and zygina rhamni ferrari, and their egg parasitoids (anagrus spp.) was tested in four vineyards of northeastern italy. the mode of action of kaolin on e. vitis nymphs was also investigated in the laboratory. in the treated plots, kaolin was applied at a rate of 2% w/v on two occasions separated by 5-6 d. in two vineyards, it was applied either on the whole canopy or ... | 2017 | 28383689 |
| mitochondrial coi and 16srna evidence for a single species hypothesis of e. vitis, j. formosana and e. onukii in east asia. | tea green leafhopper is one of the most damaging tea pests in main tea production regions of east asia. for lack of recognized morphological characters, the dominant species of tea green leafhoppers in mainland china, taiwan and japan have always been named as empoasca vitis göthe, jacobiasca formosana paoli and empoasca onukii matsuda, respectively. furthermore, nothing is known about the genetic relationships among them. in this study, we collected six populations from mainland china, four pop ... | 2014 | 25506929 |
| molecular identification of spiders preying on empoasca vitis in a tea plantation. | biological control using predators of key pest species is an attractive option in integrated pest management (ipm). molecular gut analysis can provide an estimation of predator efficiency on a given prey. here we use a combination of various experimental approaches, both in field and lab, to identify a potential biological control species of the common pest of commercially grown tea, empoasca vitis (göthe) (hemiptera), in a chinese plantation. we collected 2655 spiders from plantations and estab ... | 2017 | 28798475 |
| host-location behavior of the tea green leafhopper empoasca vitis göthe (hemiptera: cicadellidae): olfactory and visual effects on their orientation. | the tea green leafhopper, empoasca vitis göthe, is one of the most serious pests in tea growing areas. this study investigated the roles played by olfaction and vision in host orientation behavior. the compound eye of e. vitis was found to be a photopic eye; few olfactory sensilla were found on the antennae, while abundant gustatory sensilla were recorded on the mouthparts. three opsin genes (ev_lwop, ev_uvop, ev_bop) were isolated and found to be mainly expressed in the compound eye compared wi ... | 2017 | 28944748 |
| clarification of the identity of the tea green leafhopper based on morphological comparison between chinese and japanese specimens. | tea green leafhopper is one of the most dominant pests in major tea production regions of east asia. this species has been variously identified as empoasca vitis (goëthe), jacobiasca formosana (paoli) and empoasca onukii matsuda in mainland china, taiwan and japan, respectively. recent study of dna sequence data suggested that treatment of this pest as different species in these three adjacent regions is incorrect and that they were a single species; but the correct scientific name for the speci ... | 2015 | 26422616 |
| identification of empoasca onukii (hemiptera: cicadellidae) and monitoring of its populations in the tea plantations of south china. | tea green leafhoppers (empoasca spp.) are considered one of the major pests in tea plantations in asia. they are, however, difficult to monitor due to their size and flying and jumping abilities. in this study, we clarified the identification of the leafhopper species encountered in our study plantations and examined the impacts of sampling methods in estimating population abundance and sex ratio. the natural sex ratio of eggs, nymphs, and adults of tea green leafhopper and the differences betwe ... | 2015 | 26470225 |
| control of the grape leafhopper. | | 1947 | 20247567 |
| targetting and optomotor space in the leaf-hopper empoasca vitis (gothe) (hemiptera: cicadellidae) | the accuracy with which the visuomotor system of empoasca vitis can prescribe a jump trajectory towards a bright, uniformly illuminated target shape was investigated. the targets consisted of discs, rings or bars cut out of black card and mounted in front of a source of stroboscopic light diffused through translucent paper. the targets varied in size, subtending angles of 7-110 ° to the insect's eye. target resolution was measured independently along the horizontal and vertical axes and was ... | 1996 | 9318490 |