| reclassification of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, haemophilus aphrophilus, haemophilus paraphrophilus and haemophilus segnis as aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans gen. nov., comb. nov., aggregatibacter aphrophilus comb. nov. and aggregatibacter segnis comb. nov., and emended description of aggregatibacter aphrophilus to include v factor-dependent and v factor-independent isolates. | the aim of this study was to reinvestigate the relationships and the generic affiliations of the species actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, haemophilus aphrophilus, haemophilus paraphrophilus and haemophilus segnis. the nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase gene (nadv) conferring v factor-independent growth was identified in haemophilus aphrophilus. the gene encodes a polypeptide of 462 amino acids that shows 74.5 % amino acid sequence identity to the corresponding enzyme from actinobacillus ... | 2006 | 16957111 |
| regulation of aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin secretion by iron. | the gram-negative oral and systemic pathogen aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans produces a leukotoxin (ltxa) that is a member of the rtx (repeats in toxin) family of secreted bacterial toxins. we have recently shown that ltxa has the ability to lyse erythrocytes, which results in a beta-hemolytic phenotype on columbia blood agar. to determine if ltxa is regulated by iron, we examined beta-hemolysis under iron-rich and iron-limiting conditions. beta-hemolysis was suppressed in ... | 2006 | 17041062 |
| tdea, a tolc-like protein required for toxin and drug export in aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans. | aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is an oral bacterium that causes localized aggressive periodontitis (lap) and extra-oral infections such as sub-acute infective endocarditis. as part of its array of virulence factors, a. actinomycetemcomitans produces leukotoxin (ltxa), a member of the rtx family of toxins. ltxa kills human leukocytes and we have recently shown that the toxin is required for beta-hemolysis by a. actinomycetemcomitans on solid medium. in other rtx toxin-producing bacteria, a ... | 2007 | 17116373 |
| comparative functional genomic analysis of pasteurellaceae adhesins using phage display. | the pasteurellaceae contain a number of important animal pathogens. although related, the various members of this family cause a diversity of pathology in a wide variety of organ systems. adhesion is an important virulence factor in bacterial infections. surprisingly little is known about the adhesins of the pasteurellaceae. to attempt to identify the genes coding for adhesins to some key components of the hosts extracellular matrix molecules, phage display libraries of fragmented genomic dna fr ... | 2007 | 17258409 |
| cranberry components inhibit interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and prostaglandin e production by lipopolysaccharide-activated gingival fibroblasts. | periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the tooth supporting tissues. gingival fibroblasts are the most abundant cells in periodontal tissues and participate actively in the host inflammatory response to periodontopathogens, which is known to mediate local tissue destruction in periodontitis. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a proanthocyanidin-enriched cranberry fraction, prepared from cranberry juice concentrate, on inflammatory mediator production by ... | 2007 | 17305718 |
| gingival epithelial cell transcriptional responses to commensal and opportunistic oral microbial species. | transcriptional profiling and ontology tools were utilized to define the biological pathways of gingival epithelial cells modulated by coculture with the oral commensal streptococcus gordonii and the opportunistic commensal fusobacterium nucleatum. overall, f. nucleatum and s. gordonii perturbed the gingival epithelial cell transcriptome much less significantly than the oral pathogens porphyromonas gingivalis and aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans perturbed the transcriptome, indicating that ... | 2007 | 17307939 |
| microevolution and patterns of dissemination of the jp2 clone of aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans. | the natural history, microevolution, and patterns of interindividual transmission and global dissemination of the jp2 clone of aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans were studied by population genetic analysis. the jp2 clone is strongly associated with aggressive periodontitis in adolescents of african descent and differs from other clones of the species by several genetic peculiarities, including a 530-bp deletion in the promoter region of the leukotoxin gene operon, which resul ... | 2007 | 17353281 |
| aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans as indicator for aggressive periodontitis by two analysing strategies. | to compare the subgingival microbiota of aggressive and chronic periodontitis (chp) using single-site and pooled plaque samples. | 2007 | 17433043 |
| the tad locus: postcards from the widespread colonization island. | the tad (tight adherence) macromolecular transport system, which is present in many bacterial and archaeal species, represents an ancient and major new subtype of type ii secretion. the tad genes are present on a genomic island named the widespread colonization island (wci), and encode the machinery that is required for the assembly of adhesive flp (fimbrial low-molecular-weight protein) pili. the tad genes are essential for biofilm formation, colonization and pathogenesis in the genera aggregat ... | 2007 | 17435791 |
| herpesviral-bacterial synergy in the pathogenesis of human periodontitis. | periodontitis is an infectious disease, but the specific mechanisms by which tooth-supportive tissues are lost remain obscure. this article proposes an infectious disease model for periodontitis in which herpesviral-bacterial interactions assume a major etiopathogenic role. | 2007 | 17471038 |
| differential interaction of aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans lsrb and rbsb proteins with autoinducer 2. | our previous studies showed that the aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans rbsb protein interacts with cognate and heterologous autoinducer 2 (ai-2) signals and suggested that the rbsdabck operon encodes a transporter that may internalize ai-2 (d. james et al., infect. immun. 74:4021-4029, 2006.). however, a. actinomycetemcomitans also possesses genes related to the lsr operon of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium which function to import ai-2. here, we show that a. actinomycetemcomitans ls ... | 2007 | 17526716 |
| microbiological findings after periodontal therapy using curettes, er:yag laser, sonic, and ultrasonic scalers. | to evaluate and compare the microbiological effects of hand instruments, er:yag-laser, sonic, and ultrasonic scalers in patients with chronic periodontitis. patient perception of each treatment was documented. | 2007 | 17555412 |
| tfox (sxy)-dependent transformation of aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans. | tfox (sxy) is a regulatory gene needed to turn on competence genes. aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans has a tfox gene that is important for transformation. we cloned this gene on an incq plasmid downstream of the inducible tac promoter. when this plasmid was resident in cells of a. actinomycetemcomitans and tfox was induced, the cells became competent for transformation. several strains of a. actinomycetemcomitans, including different serotypes, as well as rough (adherent) a ... | 2007 | 17561357 |
| population-based study of salivary carriage of periodontal pathogens in adults. | large, general population-based data on carriage rates of periodontal pathogens hardly exist in the current literature. the objectives of the present study were to examine the salivary detection of aggregatibacter (formerly actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans, campylobacter rectus, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, tannerella forsythensis, and treponema denticola in a representative sample of the adult population living in southern finland and to clarify which determinants are a ... | 2007 | 17567788 |
| a novel exclusion mechanism for carbon resource partitioning in aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. | the bacterium aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a common commensal of the human oral cavity and the putative causative agent of the disease localized aggressive periodontitis. a. actinomycetemcomitans is a slow-growing bacterium that possesses limited metabolic machinery for carbon utilization. this likely impacts its ability to colonize the oral cavity, where growth and community composition is mediated by carbon availability. we present evidence that in the presence of the in vivo relev ... | 2007 | 17586632 |
| bacteria interfere with a. actinomycetemcomitans colonization. | it is known that beneficial bacteria can suppress the emergence of pathogenic bacteria, particularly in the gastrointestinal tract. this study examined the potential for a similar suppression of aggregatibacter (formerly actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans colonization of epithelial cells, due to its potential relevance in periodontal diseases. seven presumed beneficial bacteria were examined for their ability to interfere, exclude, or displace a. actinomycetemcomitans from epithelial cells in ... | 2007 | 17586706 |
| detachment and killing of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans biofilms by dispersin b and sds. | the periodontopathogen aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans forms tenacious biofilms on abiotic surfaces in vitro. the objective of the present study was to measure the susceptibility of a. actinomycetemcomitans biofilms to detachment and killing by the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds). we found that biofilms formed by a wild-type strain were resistant to detachment by sds. in contrast, biofilms formed by an isogenic mutant strain that was deficient in the production of pga (poly ... | 2007 | 17586707 |
| aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin requires beta-sheets 1 and 2 of the human cd11a beta-propeller for cytotoxicity. | aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin (ltx) is a repeats-in-toxin (rtx) cytolysin that kills human leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (lfa-1; alpha(l)/beta(2))-bearing cells. in order to determine whether the alpha(l) portion of the heterodimer is involved in ltx recognition, we transfected human, mouse and bovine alpha(l) cdnas into j-beta(2).7, an alpha(l)-deficient cell line, and looked for restoration of ltx susceptibility. cells expressing either bovine or human alpha(l) in ... | 2007 | 17587330 |
| autoinducer 2 is required for biofilm growth of aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans. | autoinducer 2 (ai-2) is required for the growth of aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans in culture under conditions of iron limitation. however, in vivo this organism thrives in a complex multispecies biofilm that forms in the human oral cavity. in this report, we show that adherent growth of a. actinomycetemcomitans on a saliva-coated surface, but not planktonic growth under iron-replete conditions, is defective in a luxs-deficient background. biofilm growth of the luxs mutant ... | 2007 | 17591788 |
| a second aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans autotransporter adhesin exhibits specificity for buccal epithelial cells in humans and old world primates. | previous work showed that the aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans adhesin aae demonstrated species specificity and tissue tropism to buccal epithelial cells (becs) derived from humans and old world primates, but a second, lower-affinity adhesin was noted. this study was designed to determine if omp100 (also known as apia), a surface-expressed a. actinomycetemcomitans adhesin, is that second adhesin and if so to investigate its tissue tropism and species specificity. a targeted mutagenesis prot ... | 2007 | 17620359 |
| human cd18 is the functional receptor for aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin. | aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans is the causative organism of localized aggressive periodontitis, a rapidly progressing degenerative disease of the gingival and periodontal ligaments, and is also implicated in causing subacute infective endocarditis in humans. the bacterium produces a variety of virulence factors, including an exotoxic leukotoxin (ltxa) that is a member of the repeats-in-toxin (rtx) family of bacterial cytolysins. ltxa exhibits a unique specificity to macro ... | 2007 | 17635865 |
| interaction between leukotoxin and cu,zn superoxide dismutase in aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. | aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans is a gram-negative oral pathogen that is the etiologic agent of localized aggressive periodontitis and systemic infections. a. actinomycetemcomitans produces leukotoxin (ltxa), which is a member of the rtx (repeats in toxin) family of secreted bacterial toxins and is known to target human leukocytes and erythrocytes. to better understand how ltxa functions as a virulence factor, we sought to detect and study potential a. actinomycetemcomitan ... | 2007 | 17635874 |
| age-dependent deficiency in saliva and salivary antibodies secretion in down's syndrome. | down's syndrome (ds) individuals suffer from an increased susceptibility to infections. here, we assessed age-related changes in the salivary-specific humoral immunity of ds subjects. | 2007 | 17658453 |
| molecular heterogeneity of emaa, an oligomeric autotransporter adhesin of aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans. | adhesion of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans to extracellular matrix proteins is mediated by antennae-like surface structures composed of emaa oligomers. emaa is an outer-membrane protein orthologous to the autotransporter yada, a virulence determinant of yersinia. emaa was present in the 27 strains examined, covering the six serotypes of a. actinomycetemcomitans. ten individual genotypes and three different forms of the protein (full-length, intermediate and truncated) were predicted. the ... | 2007 | 17660409 |
| diagnosis and anti-infective therapy of periodontitis. | periodontal diseases (gingivitis and periodontitis) are chronic bacterial infections with a remarkably high prevalence and morbidity. periodontitis, in contrast to gingivitis, is not reversible, is associated with certain bacterial species and affects all of the soft tissue and bone that support teeth. among the periodontal pathogens, species, such as aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, tannerella forsythensis, and several form ... | 2007 | 17678431 |
| poly-n-acetylglucosamine mediates biofilm formation and detergent resistance in aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. | clinical isolates of the periodontopathogen aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans form matrix-encased biofilms on abiotic surfaces in vitro. a major component of the a. actinomycetemcomitans biofilm matrix is poly-beta-1,6-n-acetyl-d-glucosamine (pga), a hexosamine-containing polysaccharide that mediates intercellular adhesion. in this report, we describe studies on the purification, structure, genetics and function of a. actinomycetemcomitans pga. we found that pga was very tightly attached to ... | 2008 | 17851029 |
| salivary detection of periodontopathic bacteria in periodontally healthy children. | salivary occurrence of periodontopathic bacteria is of interest especially in children as a risk indicator for the transmission, development and control of periodontal disease. we assessed the prevalence of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythia, prevotella intermedia, prevotella nigrescens and treponema denticola as microbial complexes in the saliva of children with mixed dentition and healthy gingiva. | 2008 | 17869137 |
| il-1beta secretion induced by aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans is mainly caused by the leukotoxin. | aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans forms a leukotoxin that selectively lyses primate neutrophils, monocytes and triggers apoptosis in promyeloic cells and degranulation of human neutrophils. recently, we showed that the leukotoxin causes activation of caspase-1 and abundant secretion of bio-active il-1beta from human macrophages. in this study, we show that high levels of il-beta correlated with a high proportion of a. actinomycetemcomitans in clinical samples from a patient ... | 2008 | 17888725 |
| aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans induces mmp-9 expression and proatherogenic lipoprotein profile in apoe-deficient mice. | periodontitis increases the atherosclerosis risk, but information on the role of periodontal pathogens in atherogenesis is limited. in the present study we have investigated, whether the major periodontal pathogen, aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans, induces development of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein e-deficient mice. the mice received 4, 6, or 8 weekly i.v. injections of live pathogen (10(7)cfu/50 microl/mouse) or saline as control, and were killed 1 week after the las ... | 2008 | 17889499 |
| novel molecules for intra-oral delivery of antimicrobials to prevent and treat oral infectious diseases. | new molecules were designed for efficient intra-oral delivery of antimicrobials to prevent and treat oral infection. the salivary statherin fragment, which has high affinity for the tooth enamel, was used as a carrier peptide. this was linked through the side chain of the n-terminal residue to the c-terminus of a defensin-like 12-residue peptide to generate two bifunctional hybrid molecules, one with an ester linkage and the other with an anhydride bond between the carrier and the antimicrobial ... | 2008 | 17919120 |
| aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and its relationship to initiation of localized aggressive periodontitis: longitudinal cohort study of initially healthy adolescents. | aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is frequently associated with localized aggressive periodontitis (lap); however, longitudinal cohort studies relating a. actinomycetemcomitans to initiation of lap have not been reported. a periodontal assessment was performed on 1,075 primarily african-american and hispanic schoolchildren, ages 11 to 17 years. samples were taken from each child for a. actinomycetemcomitans. a cohort of 96 students was established that included a test group of 38 a. actinomy ... | 2007 | 17942658 |
| role of active-site residues of dispersin b, a biofilm-releasing beta-hexosaminidase from a periodontal pathogen, in substrate hydrolysis. | dispersin b (dspb), a family 20 beta-hexosaminidase from the oral pathogen aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, cleaves beta(1,6)-linked n-acetylglucosamine polymer. in order to understand the substrate specificity of dspb, we have undertaken to characterize several conserved and nonconserved residues in the vicinity of the active site. the active sites of dspb and other family 20 hexosaminidases possess three highly conserved acidic residues, several aromatic residues and an arginine at subsi ... | 2007 | 17949435 |
| evidence that the cytolethal distending toxin locus was once part of a genomic island in the periodontal pathogen aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans strain y4. | the authors have previously shown that the periodontal pathogen aggregatibacter (formerly actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans y4 contains an operon for a genotoxin known as the cytolethal distending toxin (cdt). the cdt locus in strain y4 is flanked by remnants of heterologous plasmid and integrase sequences. in this study, the dna sequence immediately downstream from the cdt locus on the y4 chromosome was examined. the extended sequence contained a region that had all the characteristics of a ... | 2007 | 17965355 |
| actinomycetemcomitin: a new bacteriocin produced by aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans. | aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans p(7-20) strain isolated from a periodontally diseased patient has produced a bacteriocin (named as actinomycetemcomitin) that is active against peptostreptococcus anaerobius atcc 27337. actinomycetemcomitin was produced during exponential and stationary growth phases, and its amount decreased until it disappeared during the decline growth phase. it was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation (30-60% saturation), and further by fplc (mono ... | 2008 | 17990016 |
| differential regulation of innate immune response genes in gingival epithelial cells stimulated with aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. | the gingival epithelium provides the first line of defense against colonization by periodontal pathogens, both as a physical barrier and by the production of inducible innate immune mediators such as beta-defensins and pro-inflammatory cytokines. the gram-negative bacterium aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is implicated in the pathogenesis of localized aggressive periodontitis, although the bacterium is found widely in the healthy population. we hypothesized that gingival epithelial cell-de ... | 2008 | 18004991 |
| outer membrane components of the tad (tight adherence) secreton of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. | prokaryotic secretion relies on proteins that are widely conserved, including ntpases and secretins, and on proteins that are system specific. the tad secretion system in aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is dedicated to the assembly and export of flp pili, which are needed for tight adherence. consistent with predictions that rcpa forms the multimeric outer membrane secretion channel (secretin) of the flp pilus biogenesis apparatus, we observed the rcpa protein in multimers that were stable ... | 2008 | 18055598 |
| quantitative analysis of association between herpesviruses and bacterial pathogens in periodontitis. | the development of human periodontitis may depend upon cooperative interactions among herpesviruses, specific pathogenic bacteria and tissue-destructive inflammatory mediators. this study sought to identify associations among human cytomegalovirus, epstein-barr virus and six putative periodontopathic bacteria in periodontitis lesions. | 2008 | 18086168 |
| novel loop-mediated isothermal amplification method for detection of the jp2 clone of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in subgingival plaque. | we developed a loop-mediated isothermal amplification method that detects the jp2 clone of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, which induces aggressive periodontitis in adolescents of north and west african descents. being independent of special equipment, this specific and sensitive method offers significant advantages for screening of patients on a population basis and in clinical settings. | 2008 | 18160448 |
| transmission of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans between brazilian women with severe chronic periodontitis and their children. | this study evaluated the transmission of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (aa) in women with severe chronic periodontitis and their children. thirty women (mean age = 36.1+/-6.0 years) who were mothers of at least one child aged 7 to 16 years were enrolled. in order to investigate mother-child transmission of aa, the children were also evaluated when their mothers were colonized by the bacterium. subgingival plaque samples of each woman were collected from 3 sites (mean probing depth of 7.3 ... | 2007 | 18176713 |
| effect of inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) on the murine splenic immune response induced by aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharide. | animal studies suggest that inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) may be associated with destructive periodontal disease. l-n(6)-(1-iminoethyl)-lysine (l-nil) has been shown to inhibit inos in a selective manner, and hence the aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that treatment with l-nil may induce a t-cell helper 1 (th1)-like immune response by aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharide (lps)-stimulated murine spleen cells in vitro. balb/c mice we ... | 2008 | 18186729 |
| the use of rodent models to investigate host-bacteria interactions related to periodontal diseases. | even though animal models have limitations, they are often superior to in vitro or clinical studies in addressing mechanistic questions and serve as an essential link between hypotheses and human patients. periodontal disease can be viewed as a process that involves four major stages: bacterial colonization, invasion, induction of a destructive host response in connective tissue and a repair process that reduces the extent of tissue breakdown. animal studies should be evaluated in terms of their ... | 2008 | 18199146 |
| macrophage tolerance response to aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharide induces differential regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta and matrix metalloproteinase 9 secretion. | the lipopolysaccharide of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, a potent stimulator of the immune system, induces the secretion of inflammatory mediators that modulate periodontal tissue destruction. in this study, we investigated the tolerance response of human macrophages to stimulation with a. actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharide. | 2008 | 18205733 |
| nicotine involved in periodontal disease through influence on cytokine levels. | periodontal disease, for which smoking is a known risk factor, is infectious, and is associated with oral biofilm. cytokines mediate and regulate immune and inflammatory responses. lipopolysaccharide produced by periodontopathic bacteria plays a role in the progression of periodontitis. the effect of nicotine on cytokine production in mice was evaluated in this study. nicotine (10 or 200 microg mouse(-1)) was administered intraperitoneally to 4-week-old female balb/c mice, once a day, for 49 day ... | 2008 | 18205805 |
| risk of aggressive periodontitis in adolescent carriers of the jp2 clone of aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans in morocco: a prospective longitudinal cohort study. | periodontitis is a loss of supporting connective tissue and alveolar bone around teeth, and if it occurs in an aggressive form it can lead to tooth loss before the age of 20 years. although the cause of periodontitis in general remains elusive, a particular clone (jp2) of the gram-negative rod aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans is considered a possible aetiological agent of the aggressive form in adolescents living in or originating from north and west africa, where the disea ... | 2008 | 18207019 |
| vesicle-independent extracellular release of a proinflammatory outer membrane lipoprotein in free-soluble form. | aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is an oral bacterium associated with aggressively progressing periodontitis. extracellular release of bacterial outer membrane proteins has been suggested to mainly occur via outer membrane vesicles. this study investigated the presence and conservation of peptidoglycan-associated lipoprotein (aapal) among a. actinomycetemcomitans strains, the immunostimulatory effect of aapal, and whether live cells release this structural outer membrane lipoprotein in free ... | 2008 | 18226201 |
| induction of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin expression by is1301 and orfa. | most aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans strains express relatively low levels of leukotoxin, encoded by the orfa-ltxcabd operon. however, several strains isolated from patients with localized aggressive periodontitis are hyperleukotoxic and transcribe the ltx operon at high levels. these strains possess a copy of is1301 in the ltx promoter and previous studies have suggested that the presence of the insertion sequence increases ltx transcription by uncoupling a cis-acting negative regulator o ... | 2008 | 18227257 |
| microbiological diversity of generalized aggressive periodontitis by 16s rrna clonal analysis. | the purpose of this study was to determine the bacterial diversity in the subgingival plaque of subjects with generalized aggressive periodontitis by using culture-independent molecular methods based on 16s ribosomal dna cloning. | 2008 | 18279178 |
| aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans serotype f o-polysaccharide mediates coaggregation with fusobacterium nucleatum. | intergeneric bacterial coaggregation may play an important role in plaque development. | 2008 | 18279180 |
| characterization of oral lactobacilli as potential probiotics for oral health. | intestinal lactobacilli have been successfully used as probiotics to treat gastrointestinal disorders, but only limited data are available for the probiotic properties of oral lactobacilli to combat oral diseases. we aimed to characterize oral lactobacilli for their potential probiotic properties according to the international guidelines for the evaluation of probiotics, and to select potential probiotic strains for oral health. | 2008 | 18279182 |
| etiological analysis of initial colonization of periodontal pathogens in oral cavity. | it is unclear when the initial colonization by periodontal pathogens occurs in the oral cavity. therefore, we report here the association between specific age groups and the time when the initial colonization by periodontal pathogens occurs in the oral cavity in such groups. findings are based on an epidemiological analysis of the prevalence of five periodontal pathogens in the oral cavities of a wide range of age populations, from newborn to elderly, who were randomly selected in a geographic r ... | 2008 | 18287326 |
| aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharide affects human gingival fibroblast cytoskeletal organization. | the cytoskeleton is a dynamic structure that plays a key role in maintaining cell morphology and function. this study investigates the effect of bacterial wall lipopolysaccharide (lps), a strong inflammatory agent, on the dynamics and organization of actin, tubulin, vimentin, and vinculin proteins in human gingival fibroblasts (hgf). a time-dependent study showed a noticeable change in actin architecture after 1.5 h of incubation with lps (1 microg/ml) with the formation of orthogonal fibers and ... | 2008 | 18291687 |
| pro-atherogenic lung and oral pathogens induce an inflammatory response in human and mouse mast cells. | a broad variety of microbes are present in atherosclerotic plaques and chronic bacterial infection increases the risk of atherosclerosis by mechanisms that have remained vague. one possible mechanism is that bacteria or bacterial products activate plaque mast cells that are known to participate in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. here, we show by real-time pcr analysis and elisa that chlamydia pneumoniae (cpn) and a periodontal pathogen, aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (aa), both induc ... | 2009 | 18298659 |
| a dominant function of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling in receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappab ligand expression and osteoclastogenesis induction by aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide. | lipopolysaccharide from gram-negative bacteria is one of the microbial-associated molecular patterns that initiate the immune/inflammatory response, leading to the tissue destruction observed in periodontitis. the aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) signaling pathway in lipopolysaccharide-induced receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappab ligand (rankl) expression by murine periodontal ligament cells. | 2008 | 18302623 |
| functional mapping of an oligomeric autotransporter adhesin of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. | extracellular matrix protein adhesin a (emaa) is a 202-kda nonfimbrial adhesin, which mediates the adhesion of the oral pathogen aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans to collagen. emaa oligomers form surface antenna-like protrusions consisting of a long helical rod with an ellipsoidal ending. the functional analysis of in-frame emaa deletion mutants has located the collagen binding activity to the amino terminus of the protein corresponding to amino acids 70 to 386. the level of collagen binding ... | 2008 | 18310342 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of periodontopathogenic bacteria. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the resistance profiles of aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis and prevotella intermedia/prevotella nigrescens and to detect possible changes in antibiotic resistance over the time period of 1991-2005. | 2008 | 18326855 |
| emaa, a potential virulence determinant of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in infective endocarditis. | the gram-negative fastidious human oropharyngeal aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is implicated in the etiology of infective endocarditis. emaa, an oligomeric coiled-coil adhesin homologous to yada of yersinia enterocolitica, was hypothesized to mediate the interaction of a. actinomycetemcomitans with collagen. collagen, the most abundant protein in human bodies and the main component of extracellular matrix (ecm), predominates in the supporting tissue of cardiac valves. to extend our earli ... | 2008 | 18347033 |
| biofilms in the edentulous oral cavity. | the oral cavity presents numerous surfaces for microbial colonization. these surfaces produce biofilms of differing complexities unique to each individual. several studies have looked at biofilms in dentate patients. there has been limited research regarding biofilms on dentures or soft tissues of edentulous patients. the purpose of the present investigation was to provide meaningful data describing microbial ecological relationships in the oral cavity of edentulous patients and to evaluate the ... | 2008 | 18355168 |
| transcriptional regulation of the tad locus in aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans: a termination cascade. | the tad (tight adherence) locus of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans includes genes for the biogenesis of flp pili, which are necessary for bacterial adhesion to surfaces, biofilm formation, and pathogenesis. although studies have elucidated the functions of some of the tad proteins, little is known about the regulation of the tad locus in a. actinomycetemcomitans. a promoter upstream of the tad locus was previously identified and shown to function in escherichia coli. using a specially cons ... | 2008 | 18375561 |
| rtx cytotoxins recognize beta2 integrin receptors through n-linked oligosaccharides. | bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase (ac) toxin-hemolysin (hly) (cyaa, act, or ac-hly) is a cytotoxin of the rtx (repeat in toxin) family. it delivers into target cells an ac domain that catalyzes uncontrolled conversion of atp to camp, a key signaling molecule subverting phagocyte functions. cyaa utilizes a heavily n-glycosylated beta(2) integrin receptor cd11b/cd18 (alpha(m)beta(2), mac-1, or cr3). we show that deglycosylation of cell surface proteins by glycosidase treatment, or inhibition ... | 2008 | 18375764 |
| microbiologic and immunologic characteristics of periodontal disease in hispanic americans with type 2 diabetes. | the microbiology of periodontitis in type 1 diabetes has been reported, but less is known about type 2 diabetes. moreover, these data have not linked microbial colonization, host response, and clinical presentation in type 1 or type 2 diabetes. the objectives of this study were to relate periodontal status, periodontal microorganisms, and host-response characteristics in hispanic americans with type 2 diabetes. | 2008 | 18380556 |
| interleukin-6 polymorphisms are associated with pathogenic bacteria in subjects with periodontitis. | growing evidence suggests that individual genetic susceptibility may influence the host's response to infections. previously, we showed that a common variation in the interleukin (il)-6 gene was associated with increased odds of detection of common periodontal pathogens from individuals with aggressive periodontitis. the aim of this study was to investigate the association between il-6 polymorphisms and periodontopathogenic bacteria in a larger, ethnically mixed population of subjects with perio ... | 2008 | 18380561 |
| lymphotoxin alpha lta+496c allele is a risk factor for periodontitis in patients with coronary artery disease. | periodontitis and coronary artery disease (cad) are inflammatory diseases and associated with each other. the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) region carries genes involved in immune response and inflammation. we investigated whether the mhc genes correlate with the presence of periodontitis or with the occurrence of periodontal pathogens in patients with cad. blood and saliva samples from cad patients (n = 106) were collected at the time of hospitalization. nine mhc genetic markers [human ... | 2008 | 18384488 |
| bleeding on probing differentially relates to bacterial profiles: the oral infections and vascular disease epidemiology study. | various bacterial species are differentially prevalent in periodontal health, gingivitis or periodontitis. we tested the independent associations between three bacterial groupings and gingival inflammation in an epidemiological study. | 2008 | 18400025 |
| adherence of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans via serotype-specific polysaccharide antigens in lipopolysaccharides. | gram-negative aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is recognized as an important periodontal pathogen. a striking property of this bacterium is its ability to form a tenacious biofilm adhering to abiotic surfaces. both fimbrial and non-fimbrial adhesins are believed to be responsible for this ability. in our study, specific markerless mutants in the biosynthesis genes of cell surface polysaccharides were constructed with the cre-loxp recombination system to identify non-fimbrial adhesin(s). | 2008 | 18402609 |
| the essential role of ifn-gamma in the control of lethal aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans infection in mice. | inflammatory immune reactions in response to periodontopathogens trigger periodontal destruction, but their role to protect the host against infection remains unknown. thus, we examined the mechanisms by which ifn-gamma modulates the outcome of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-induced periodontal disease in mice. our results showed that ifn-gamma deficient mice developed less severe periodontitis in response to a. actinomycetemcomitans infection, characterized by significant lower alveolar ... | 2008 | 18403243 |
| antibody levels to single bacteria or in combination evaluated against myocardial infarction. | evidence is accumulating that oral bacteria are associated with myocardial infarctions (mi). we were interested in studying the differences in the association between single bacteria or bacteria in combination and the relation to c-reactive protein (crp). | 2008 | 18410396 |
| java project on periodontal diseases: serotype distribution of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and serotype dynamics over an 8-year period. | to investigate the serotype distribution and stability of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans over an 8-year period in untreated indonesian subjects. | 2008 | 18422698 |
| role of aromatic amino acids in receptor binding activity and subunit assembly of the cytolethal distending toxin of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. | the periodontal pathogen aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans produces a cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) that inhibits the proliferation of oral epithelial cells. structural models suggest that the cdta and cdtc subunits of the cdt heterotrimer form two putative lectin domains with a central groove. a region of cdta rich in heterocyclic amino acids (aromatic patch) appears to play an important role in receptor recognition. in this study site-specific mutagenesis was used to assess the contrib ... | 2008 | 18426882 |
| human cytomegalovirus and epstein-barr virus in apical and marginal periodontitis: a role in pathology? | periodontitis is presumably caused by bacterial infection, but it has been shown recently that affected tissue often contains human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) and epstein-barr virus (ebv). the present study was initiated to evaluate the role of these viruses in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. hcmv and ebv were quantified in 40 apical and 25 marginal periodontitis samples using real time pcr. in situ hybridization or immunohistochemistry was carried out on apical samples to detect viral presence w ... | 2008 | 18428124 |
| cervical spondylodiscitis with spinal epidural abscess caused by aggregatibacter aphrophilus. | spondylodiscitis caused by aggregatibacter aphrophilus, formerly known as haemophilus paraphrophilus, is an unusual condition and can be very difficult to diagnose. we report a case of cervical spondylodiscitis complicated by spinal epidural abscess in a 63-year-old woman, without underlying predisposing conditions. the source of infection was identified as a periodontal infection. the patient was successfully treated with systemic antibiotics. | 2008 | 18436600 |
| comparative analysis of putative periodontopathic bacteria by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) has been applied for the rapid and specific detection of periodontopathic bacteria in subgingival plaque and is potentially of clinical benefit in the diagnosis and treatment of periodontitis subjects. however, several technical points need to be modified before the conventional pcr detection system can be used by clinicians. | 2008 | 18447853 |
| analysis of the activity to induce toll-like receptor (tlr)2- and tlr4-mediated stimulation of supragingival plaque. | the deleterious effects of the accumulation of supragingival plaque are well known, but the role of the proinflammatory property of supragingival plaque in periodontal diseases has not been completely elucidated. the aim of this study was to determine the relevance of toll-like receptor (tlr)2- and tlr4-stimulating activity of supragingival plaque to periodontal parameters. | 2008 | 18454672 |
| photodynamic therapy as adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment in patients on periodontal maintenance: a randomized controlled clinical trial. | recent preclinical and clinical data have suggested the potential benefit of photodynamic therapy (pdt) in the treatment of periodontitis. however, currently, there are very limited data from controlled clinical trials evaluating the effect of pdt in the treatment of periodontitis. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical and microbiological effects of the adjunctive use of pdt in non-surgical periodontal treatment in patients receiving supportive periodontal therapy. twenty-fou ... | 2009 | 18465191 |
| [endocarditis due to aggregatibacter (formerly: actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans, a bacterium that grows in characteristic star-shaped colonies]. | a 72-year-old man, having had an artificial valve for almost 20 years now, presented with tiredness that had persisted for several weeks and reported weight loss of 5 kg. in more recent days he experienced fever and cold shivers, and an associated dry cough. bearing in mind the potential for endocarditis, blood cultures were grown. in this, we identified a small, gram-negative rod with a small, smooth, raised colony that grew slowly. we considered a micro-organism from the 'hacek group', which i ... | 2008 | 18491827 |
| naringenin has anti-inflammatory properties in macrophage and ex vivo human whole-blood models. | periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of bacterial etiology, affecting tooth-supporting tissues. the host inflammatory response to periodontopathogens, notably the high and continuous production of cytokines, is considered a major factor causing the local tissue destruction observed in periodontitis. the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of naringenin, a major flavanone in grapefruits and tomatoes, on the lipopolysaccharide-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine product ... | 2008 | 18503517 |
| effect of colchicine on the murine immune response induced by aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. | the aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that colchicine may alter aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-induced immune response and abscess formation in mice. balb/c mice were either sham-immunized or immunized with heat-killed a. actinomycetemcomitans. spleen cells were stimulated with heat-killed a. actinomycetemcomitans in the presence or absence of colchicine. specific igg subclass antibodies, interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma), interleukin-4 (il-4) and cell proliferation were dete ... | 2009 | 18534811 |
| an interleukin-1beta (il-1beta) single-nucleotide polymorphism at position 3954 and red complex periodontopathogens independently and additively modulate the levels of il-1beta in diseased periodontal tissues. | inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1beta (il-1beta) are involved in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. a high individual variation in the levels of il-1beta mrna has been verified, which is possibly determined by genetic polymorphisms and/or by the presence of periodontopathogens such as porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythia, treponema denticola, and aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. in this study, we investigated the role of an il-1beta promoter single-nucleotide po ... | 2008 | 18541658 |
| screen for leukotoxin mutants in aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans: genes of the phosphotransferase system are required for leukotoxin biosynthesis. | aggregatibacter (formerly actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans is a pathogen that causes localized aggressive periodontitis and extraoral infections including infective endocarditis. recently, we reported that a. actinomycetemcomitans is beta-hemolytic on certain growth media due to the production of leukotoxin (ltxa). based on this observation and our ability to generate random transposon insertions in a. actinomycetemcomitans, we developed and carried out a rapid screen for ltxa mutants. usin ... | 2008 | 18541661 |
| rapid and simple detection of eight major periodontal pathogens by the loop-mediated isothermal amplification method. | loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) was applied to develop a rapid and simple detection system for eight periodontal pathogens: aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans, campylobacter rectus, eikenella corrodens, fusobacterium nucleatum, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, treponema denticola and tannerella forsythia. primers were designed from the 16s ribosomal rna gene for each pathogen, and the lamp amplified the targets specifically and efficiently under ... | 2008 | 18565108 |
| irsogladine maleate abolishes the increase in interleukin-8 levels caused by outer membrane protein 29 from aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans through the erk pathway in human gingival epithelial cells. | irsogladine maleate (im) suppresses the increase in interleukin (il)-8 production induced by outer membrane protein (omp) 29 from aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans in cultures of human gingival epithelial cells (hgec). however, how im suppresses the omp29-induced increase in il-8 expression remains unknown. in this study, we focused on intracellular signaling pathways to elucidate the mechanism behind the suppression. | 2008 | 18565136 |
| both leukotoxin and poly-n-acetylglucosamine surface polysaccharide protect aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans cells from macrophage killing. | two virulence factors produced by the periodontopathogen aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans are leukotoxin, a secreted lipoprotein that kills human polymorphonuclear leukocytes and macrophages, and poly-n-acetylglucosamine (pga), a surface polysaccharide that mediates intercellular adhesion, biofilm formation and detergent resistance. in this study we examined the roles of leukotoxin and pga in protecting a. actinomycetemcomitans cells from killing by the human macrophage cell line thp-1. mon ... | 2008 | 18573331 |
| clinical and laboratory evaluations of non-surgical periodontal treatment in subjects with diabetes mellitus. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and laboratory changes 3 months after full-mouth scaling and root planing in subjects with and without diabetes mellitus. | 2008 | 18597596 |
| characterization of a quinol peroxidase mutant in aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. | aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is an oral pathogen causing localized aggressive periodontitis (lap). recently, we characterized for the first time a quinol peroxidase (qpo) that catalyzes peroxidase activity using quinol in the respiratory chain of a. actinomycetemcomitans for the reduction of hydrogen peroxide. in the present study, we characterized the phenotype of a qpo null mutant. the qpo null mutant shows an oxidative stress phenotype, suggesting that qpo plays a certain role in sca ... | 2008 | 18616592 |
| characterization of the transduction pathway involved in c-fos and c-jun expression induced by aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharides in human gingival fibroblasts. | periodontal disease is an inflammatory disease caused by infection with oral bacteria that results in tooth exfoliation. lipopolysaccharides (lps) are a major component of the outer membrane of gram-negative microorganisms and are involved in the inflammatory response. c-fos and c-jun are involved in pathological conditions such as inflammatory disorders. inflammatory signaling cascades leading to c-fos activation in human gingival fibroblasts (hgfs) are not well characterized. thus, we have inv ... | 2008 | 18621151 |
| membrane morphology and leukotoxin secretion are associated with a novel membrane protein of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. | gram-negative bacteria display either a flat or an irregular outer membrane. the periodontal pathogen aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans has an irregular outer membrane. we have identified a gene that is associated with the biogenesis of this morphology. the gene is part of a three-gene operon and codes for a 141-kda protein designated morphogenesis protein c (morc), which is conserved in several gram-negative bacteria including haemophilus influenzae and pasteurella multocid ... | 2008 | 18621903 |
| a novel selective medium for isolation of aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans. | conventional selective media have been used for the selection of aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans in clinical samples. the proportion of a. actinomycetemcomitans grown on the selective media in vitro may not reflect the true counts in vivo because of the low selectivity. a novel selective medium, designated aasm, was developed for the isolation of a. actinomycetemcomitans. | 2008 | 18624937 |
| variability in the response of human dendritic cells stimulated with porphyromonas gingivalis or aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. | background and objective: dendritic cells are able to prime and polarize naïve t cells towards either a t helper 1 or a t helper 2 response, depending on the antigen type and concentration, the costimulatory signals and the local cytokine millieu. in this investigation, we analyzed the response of human dendritic cells to stimulation with different concentrations of porphyromonas gingivalis or aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. material and methods: using different concentrations of p. gingi ... | 2008 | 18624946 |
| periodontal debridement as a therapeutic approach for severe chronic periodontitis: a clinical, microbiological and immunological study. | to clinically, microbiologically and immunologically characterize periodontal debridement as a therapeutic approach for severe chronic periodontitis. | 2008 | 18647203 |
| treatment outcomes of dental flossing in twins: molecular analysis of the interproximal microflora. | the purpose of this study was to assess the effects of dental flossing on the microbial composition of interproximal plaque samples in matched twins. | 2008 | 18672992 |
| interferon-gamma and interleukin-12 gene polymorphisms and their relation to aggressive and chronic periodontitis and key periodontal pathogens. | the gene polymorphisms interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) 874 t/a and interleukin (il)-12 1188 a/c have been associated with the altered production of cytokines. therefore, they might be indicative of the occurrence of chronic periodontitis (cp) or aggressive periodontitis (agp) and the prevalence of key periodontal pathogens. for this purpose, we analyzed these polymorphisms in subjects with generalized agp or generalized cp. moreover, we assessed the relationship between these polymorphisms and five ... | 2008 | 18672993 |
| strong antibacterial effect of miswak against oral microorganisms associated with periodontitis and caries. | the chewing stick (miswak) is used for oral hygiene in many parts of the world. in addition to the mechanical removal of plaque, an antibacterial effect has been postulated; however, tests of miswak extract from salvadora persica (arak) disclosed only low to moderate antibacterial effects. this may be attributable to the extraction process. our aim was to test in vitro the antibacterial effect of miswak pieces, without extraction, on bacteria implicated in the etiology of periodontitis and carie ... | 2008 | 18672998 |
| rhamnus alpinus leaf extract suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced, monocyte-derived macrophage chemokine secretion. | periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of bacterial etiology that affects tooth-supporting tissues. the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of rhamnus alpinus extracts on lipopolysaccharide (lps)-induced chemokine secretion by human macrophage-like cells. phorbol myristic acid-differentiated macrophages were stimulated with aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans lps in the absence and presence of various concentrations of the extracts. the secretion of interleukin-8 (i ... | 2008 | 18677578 |
| disease severity associated with presence in subgingival plaque of porphyromonas gingivalis, aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and tannerella forsythia, singly or in combination, as detected by nested multiplex pcr. | this study used a nested multiplex pcr method to detect three periodontal pathogens in subgingival plaque collected before treatment and at 2 and 6 months posttreatment from 107 patients with severe, generalized periodontitis. the proportions of the patients who harbored these bacteria before periodontal treatment were as follows: tannerella forsythia, 81%; porphyromonas gingivalis, 78%; and aggregatibacter (formerly actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans, 47%. at 2 months posttreatment there was ... | 2008 | 18701660 |
| multilevel modeling of gingival bleeding on probing in young adult carriers of non-jp2-like strains of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. | the influence of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans on inflammation in subjects with gingivitis has not been studied in great detail. seventeen healthy young adults with plaque-induced gingivitis or localized mild chronic periodontitis harboring cultivable numbers of a. actinomycetemcomitans were thoroughly examined. samples of subgingival plaque were obtained from mesial surfaces of all teeth present. in addition, 12 oral mucosal surfaces and unstimulated saliva were sampled. species identit ... | 2009 | 18704524 |
| clinical and microbiological effects of an essential-oil-containing mouth rinse applied in the "one-stage full-mouth disinfection" protocol--a randomized doubled-blinded preliminary study. | the aim of this randomized double-blinded preliminary study was to evaluate the clinical and microbiological long-term effects of an essential-oil-containing mouth rinse as the active agent utilized in the "one-stage full-mouth disinfection protocol." probing pocket depth and plaque and gingival indices were evaluated by the same calibrated examiner in all teeth of 20 moderate chronic periodontitis subjects. presence of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, and tannere ... | 2009 | 18716800 |
| actinobacillus (aggregatibacter) actinomycetemcomitans (hacek) identified by pcr/16s rrna sequence analysis from the heart valve in a patient with blood culture negative endocarditis. | we report a case of infective endocarditis caused by actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans) from the hacek group diagnosed by pcr/16s from the heart valve. multiple blood cultures and cultures from heart valve were negative and cardiac surgery was performed due to therapeutic and cardiac failures. molecular biological methods are useful in such a patient, to choose an optimal antibiotic treatment post-surgery. | 2008 | 18720255 |
| cytolethal distending toxin upregulates rankl expression in jurkat t-cells. | cytolethal distending toxin, a bacterial exotoxin produced by a number of gram-negative species, causes growth arrest and morphological alterations in host cells. among these species are haemophilus ducreyi, the etiological agent of chancroid, and the periodontal pathogen aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, highly implicated in localized aggressive periodontitis. cdt induces receptor activator of nf-kappab ligand (rankl) expression in periodontal fibroblasts, the key bone-resorbing cytokine. ... | 2008 | 18754324 |
| accuracy of real-time polymerase chain reaction versus anaerobic culture in detection of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and porphyromonas gingivalis: a meta-analysis. | real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) has been used to assist in the detection and quantification of several periodontal pathogens. the aim of this study was to perform a meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of real-time pcr aimed at detecting aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (previously actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans) and porphyromonas gingivalis. | 2008 | 18771361 |
| photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment: a randomized, controlled clinical trial. | recent preclinical and clinical data have suggested a potential benefit of photodynamic therapy (pdt) in the treatment of periodontitis. however, there are very limited data from controlled clinical trials evaluating the effect of pdt in the treatment of periodontitis. the aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and microbiologic effects of the adjunctive use of pdt to non-surgical periodontal treatment. | 2008 | 18771363 |
| clinical and serologic markers of periodontal infection and chronic kidney disease. | chronic kidney disease and its concomitant sequelae represent a major public health problem. recent data suggest periodontal infection contributes to chronic kidney disease. | 2008 | 18771368 |