| chewing lice (phthiraptera) on manakins (passeriformes: pipridae) from costa rica, with description of a new species of the genus tyranniphilopterus (phthiraptera: philopteridae). | one hundred and seventy individuals of five species of manakins (passeriformes: pipridae) were examined for chewing lice (phthiraptera) in costa rica. six species of chewing lice were identified. chewing lice or their eggs were found on 26% individuals (28 positive/109 examined) of long-tailed manakins (chiroxiphia linearis), the most numerous manakin species examined. there were significant differences in prevalences and intensities of infestation between males and females. no lice were found o ... | 2010 | 20165876 |
| changes in the apparent survival of a tropical bird in response to the el niño southern oscillation in mature and young forest in costa rica. | the effects of habitat alteration and climatic instability have resulted in the loss of bird populations throughout the globe. tropical birds in particular may be sensitive to climate and habitat change because of their niche specialization, often sedentary nature, and unique life-cycle phenologies. despite the potential influence of habitat and climatic interactions on tropical birds, we lack comparisons of avian demographics from variably aged forests subject to different climatic phenomena. h ... | 2015 | 25687831 |
| hybridization and the porous genome: patterns of isolation and introgression in manakins. | how does one species become two? what is the relative importance of selection vs. drift? how many genes are involved, what are their effect sizes and where are they located in the genome? the answers to these questions will inevitably vary from one species to another, but by addressing these questions in a diverse array of taxa, we will gradually piece together a more complete picture of how evolution works. in this issue of molecular ecology, parchman et al. () have approached these questions b ... | 2013 | 24433570 |
| hzar: hybrid zone analysis using an r software package. | we present a new software package (hzar) that provides functions for fitting molecular genetic and morphological data from hybrid zones to classic equilibrium cline models using the metropolis-hastings markov chain monte carlo (mcmc) algorithm. the software applies likelihood functions appropriate for different types of data, including diploid and haploid genetic markers and quantitative morphological traits. the modular design allows flexibility in fitting cline models of varying complexity. to ... | 2014 | 24373504 |
| the genomic consequences of adaptive divergence and reproductive isolation between species of manakins. | the processes of adaptation and speciation are expected to shape genomic variation within and between diverging species. here we analyze genomic heterogeneity of genetic differentiation and introgression in a hybrid zone between two bird species (manacus candei and m. vitellinus) using 59 100 snps, a whole genome assembly, and bayesian models. measures of genetic differentiation (fst) and introgression (genomic cline center [α] and rate [β]) were highly heterogeneous among loci. we identified th ... | 2013 | 23441849 |
| kin selection may contribute to lek evolution and trait introgression across an avian hybrid zone. | understanding the mechanism(s) that favour cooperation among individuals competing for the same resources provides direct insights into the evolution of grouping behaviour. in a hybrid zone between golden-/yellow-collared (manacus vitellinus) and white-collared (manacus candei) manakins, males form aggregations composed of white and yellow males solely to attract females ('mixed leks'). previous work shows that yellow males in these mixed leks experience a clear mating advantage over white males ... | 2012 | 22320709 |
| variable visual habitats may influence the spread of colourful plumage across an avian hybrid zone. | several studies have shown that hybridization can be a creative process by acting as a conduit for the spread of adaptive traits between species, but few provide the mechanism that favours this spread. in the hybrid zone between the golden- (manacus vitellinus) and white-collared (manacus candei) manakins, sexual selection drives the introgression of golden/yellow plumage into the white species; however, the mechanism for the yellow male's mating advantage and the reasons why yellow plumage has ... | 2007 | 17714302 |
| unidirectional introgression of a sexually selected trait across an avian hybrid zone: a role for female choice? | hybridization can be an evolutionary creative force by forming new polyploid species, creating novel genetic variation or acting as conduits of potentially advantageous traits between hybridizing forms. evidence for the latter is often difficult to find because alleles under positive selection can spread rapidly across a hybrid zone and sweep to fixation. in western panama, an avian hybrid zone between two species of manakins in the genus manacus exists where the unidirectional introgression of ... | 2006 | 16929664 |
| evolutionary implications of divergent clines in an avian (manacus: aves) hybrid zone. | a previous study of the hybrid zone in western panama between white-collared (manacus candei) and golden-collared manakins (m. vitellinus) documented the unidirectional introgression of vitellinus male secondary sexual traits across the zone. here, we examine the hybrid zone in greater genetic and morphological detail. statistical comparisons of clines are performed using maximum-likelihood and nonparametric bootstrap methods. our results demonstrate that an array of six molecular and two morpho ... | 2001 | 11761066 |
| sexual selection on plumage and behavior in an avian hybrid zone: experimental tests of male-male interactions. | in western panama, an unusual hybrid zone exists between white-collared manakins, manacus candei, and golden-collared manakins, m. vitellinus. unidirectional introgression of plumage traits from vitellinus into candei has created a region in which all definitively plumaged males have a collar that is lemon-colored. these males are nearly indistinguishable from white-collared candei genetically and morphometrically, but strongly resemble golden-collared vitellinus due to the introgression of seco ... | 2001 | 11525466 |
| unidirectional spread of secondary sexual plumage traits across an avian hybrid zone. | theory predicts that traits under positive selection can rapidly cross a hybrid zone in spite of a substantial barrier to neutral gene flow between hybridizing taxa. an avian hybrid zone between manacus candei (white-collared manakin) and m. vitellinus (golden-collared manakin) is reported here that displays an unusual pattern of noncoincident clines. male secondary sexual traits of m. vitellinus have spread into populations that are genetically and morphometrically like m. candei. these birds h ... | 1993 | 17810207 |