| [neurons in the visual cortex of microtus brandti]. | neurons were described in the visual cortex of microtus brandti, a mongolian harmful rodent living in day-activity. we find following types of neurons in our golgi-material: 1. spiny neurons: pyramidal and stellate neurons. 2. smooth or sparsely spined neurons: smooth, large neurons, sparsely spined small neurons with descending axons, sparsely spined neurons with ascending axons. double-bouquet-, chandelier and neuroglioforme cells are not impregnated. there are no bipolare neurons (martinotti ... | 1991 | 1723418 |
| [the efficiency of rhadinopsylla rothschildi and r. dahurica fleas as vectors of the causative agent of plague in a transbaikal natural focus]. | experiments have shown that a block of proventriculus arises in 2.1 to 12.5% of infected fleas of r. rothschildi and in 7.2 to 10.5% of r. dahurica. these fleas transmit the plague agent to different animals (brandt's vole, narrow-skulled vole, dahurian suslik). the plague microbe is preserved in the organism of infected insects till the end of the experiment, 74 and 24 days respectively. therefore, the fleas can play a part in the maintenance of plague epizootics in the transbaikal natural nidu ... | 1990 | 2195440 |
| dendritic organization of neurons of the superior colliculus in animals with different visual capability. | the aim of the study was to compare several morphological characteristics of neurons in the superficial layers of the superior colliculus in diurnal and nocturnal mammals with different visual specialization. thus, we investigated the rat (rattus norvegicus), a nocturnal animal; the tree shrew (tupaia glis), a diurnal animal, and the mongolian rodents, microtus brandti (nocturnal) and alticola barakshin (diurnal). the investigation was focused on the study of the organization and extent of dendr ... | 2000 | 10718518 |
| cold adaptive thermogenesis in small mammals from different geographical zones of china. | the mechanisms of thermogenesis and thermoregulation were studied in the tree shrew (tupaia belangeri) and greater vole (eothenomys miletus) of the subtropical region, and brandt's vole (microtus brandti), mongolian gerbil (meriones unguiculatus), daurian ground squirrel (spermophilus dauricus) and plateau pika (ochotona curzoniae) of the northern temperate zone. resting metabolic rate (rmr) and non-shivering thermogenesis (nst) increased significantly in t. belangeri, e. miletus, m. brandti and ... | 2001 | 11440879 |
| [comparison observation on the mature alveolar of echinococcus sibiricensis and echinococcus multilocularis in the experimentally infected white mice]. | the alveolar echinococcus is one of the most dangerous worm parasites in man. rausch and schiller reported a new species, echinococcus sibiricensis n. sp. from arctic fox, alpex logopus, on st. lawrence island of alaska, usa. according to the view of vogel, the sibiricensis form is only a geographical race or subspecies of europe echinococcus multilocularis. so far, the two names, echinococcus multiocularis multilocularis and echinococcus multilocularis sibiricensis, existed in many references a ... | 2001 | 12549203 |
| [the 102 kb pigmentation (pgm) locus of yersinia pestis isolated from microtus brandti]. | to find out the differences between 102 kb pgm locus of yersinia pestis isolated from microtus brandti with of other types, and the characters of yersinia pestis isolated from microtus brandti caused by their makeup of the 102 kb pgm locus. | 2003 | 12820948 |
| [certain characteristics of pasteurella pestis strains isolated in mongolia from microtus brandti and from other rodents]. | | 1958 | 13605058 |
| study on the ecological distribution of alveolar echinococcus in hulunbeier pasture of inner mongolia, china. | a study on the ecological distribution of alveolar echinococcus was carried out in the hulunbeier pasture of inner mongolia, china during 1998 and 1999. animals examined included wolves (canis lupus), red foxes (vulpes vulpes), sand foxes (vulpes corsac), domestic dogs (canis familiaris), microtus brandti, meriones unguiculatus, citellus dauricus, allactaga sibirica, phodopus sungorus and ochotona daurica. three wolves were found to be infected with e. granulosus. two sand foxes were infected wi ... | 2004 | 15030006 |
| complete genome sequence of yersinia pestis strain 91001, an isolate avirulent to humans. | genomics provides an unprecedented opportunity to probe in minute detail into the genomes of the world's most deadly pathogenic bacteria- yersinia pestis. here we report the complete genome sequence of y. pestis strain 91001, a human-avirulent strain isolated from the rodent brandt's vole-microtus brandti. the genome of strain 91001 consists of one chromosome and four plasmids (ppcp1, pcd1, pmt1 and pcry). the 9609-bp ppcp1 plasmid of strain 91001 is almost identical to the counterparts from ref ... | 2004 | 15368893 |
| [study on the relation between the absence of one is100 in 102 kb pgm locus of yersinia pestis and the stability of pigmentation phenotype]. | to study the relation between the absence of one is100 in the 102 kb pgm locus of yersinia pestis and the stability of pigmentation phenotype (pgm(+)). | 2004 | 15631749 |
| short photoperiod enhances thermogenic capacity in brandt's voles. | environmental cues play important roles in the regulation of an animal's physiology and behavior. in the present study, we examined the effects of short photoperiod (sd) on body weight as well as on several physiological, hormonal, and biochemical measures indicative of thermogenic capacity to test our hypothesis that short photoperiod stimulates increases in thermogenesis without cold stress in brandt's voles. sd voles showed increases in basal metabolic rate (bmr) and nonshivering thermogenesi ... | 2005 | 15924911 |
| oral feeding and nasal instillation immunization with microtus brandti lactate dehydrogenase c epitope dna vaccine reduces fertility in mice via specific antibody responses. | the immune responses induced by microtus brandti lactate dehydrogenase c4 dna vaccine via oral feeding and nasal instillation in mouse were investigated. the number of newborns of the vaccinated mice was statistically significantly reduced compared with the control mice, but the vaccine failed to affect the birthrate, as all vaccinated mice gave birth. | 2005 | 16169425 |
| study on the antifertility effects of the plasmid dna vaccine expressing partial brldh-c4'. | partial cdna sequence coding for microtus brandti radde (brandt's vole) testes-specific lactate dehydrogenase (brldh-c4) was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). by inserting the product into the eukaryotic expression vector pcr3.1, pcr3.1-brldh-c4' was obtained as the prototype of contraceptive dna vaccine. immunization with pcr3.1-brldh-c4' in balb/c mice generated antibodies specific to purified brldh-c4' and native mouse ldh-c4 protein. the birth rate of the ... | 2006 | 16388021 |
| the expression of membrane protein augments the specific responses induced by sars-cov nucleocapsid dna immunization. | nucleocapsid protein plays a critical role in sars-cov pathogenesis, and high-level anti-nucleocapsid antibodies are detected in the patients infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (sars-cov). several studies have shown that there exists an interaction between nucleocapsid (n) and membrane (m) protein. in this paper, we investigate whether the expression of membrane protein can affect the immune responses induced by nucleocapsid dna immunization. two recombinant pla ... | 2006 | 16423399 |
| molecular cloning and assessment of the immunocontraceptive potential of the zona pellucida subunit 3 from brandt's vole (microtus brandti). | a full-length cdna encoding brandt's vole (microtus brandti) zona pellucida glycoprotein subunit 3 (vzp3) was isolated using rapid amplification of cdna ends-polymerase chain reaction (race-pcr). the cdna contains an open reading frame of 1254 nucleotides encoding a polypeptide of 418 amino acid residues. the deduced amino acid sequence of vzp3 revealed high overall homology with hamster (82.1%), mouse (81.3%) and rat (80.6%). a synthetic vzp3 peptide corresponding to amino acid residues 328-343 ... | 2006 | 16554008 |
| ultradian rhythms and the nutritional importance of caecotrophy in captive brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii). | ingestion of soft faeces derived from caecal contents, caecotrophy, in herbivorous small mammals is considered an adaptation to the metabolic disadvantage of small body size, especially when feeding on diets of low quality. we investigated daily activity patterns in captive brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii), including feeding, locomotion, caecotrophy, and defaecation, by continuous 24 h visual observation; and estimated the contribution of soft faeces ingestion (caecotrophy) to intake of pr ... | 2007 | 17211665 |
| photoperiod and temperature can regulate body mass, serum leptin concentration, and uncoupling protein 1 in brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii) and mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus). | environmental factors play an important role in the seasonal adaptation of body mass and thermogenesis in wild small mammals. in this study, we performed a factorial experiment (temperature x photoperiod) in which brandt's voles and mongolian gerbils were acclimated to different photoperiods (long photoperiod, 16l : 8d; short photoperiod, 8l : 16d) and temperatures (warm, 23 degrees c; cold, 5 degrees c) to test the hypothesis that photoperiod, temperature, or both together can trigger seasonal ... | 2007 | 17390288 |
| effects of diet quality on energy budgets and thermogenesis in brandt's voles. | food quality and availability play an important role in an animal's life history. the aim of this study was to examine the effect of diet quality [high-fiber diet (hf) or low-fiber diet (lf)] on energy budgets and thermogenesis in brandt's voles (lasiopodomys (microtus) brandtii). dry matter intake and gross energy intake increased and digestibility decreased in hf voles compared with lf voles, while the digestible energy intake was similar for both hf and lf voles. nonshivering thermogenesis (n ... | 2007 | 17482858 |
| humoral immune response suppresses reproductive physiology in male brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii). | in order to evaluate the potential costs of humoral immune response, which is important for survival in small wild mammals, we studied the physiological function of adult male brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii) challenged with human immunoglobulin g (igg). compared with controls, the immunochallenged voles showed significantly higher antibody levels 15 days after injection. serum testosterone levels, and mass of testes and epididymides were lower in immunochallenged voles than in control ani ... | 2009 | 19041232 |
| challenge and polymorphism analysis of the novel a (h1n1) influenza virus to normal animals. | the novel influenza a (h1n1) virus that emerged from april 2009 in mexico has spread rapidly to many countries and initiated a human pandemic. it is important to determine whether the virus has existed in, or will spread to, normal household animals, and whether a (h1n1)-like viruses derived from the animal is able to proliferate in cell lines derived from human. in this current paper, familiar animals, including pigs, chickens, ducks, cats, dogs, rats, mice, and brandt's voles were challenged w ... | 2010 | 20381552 |
| physiological and biochemical basis of basal metabolic rates in brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii) and mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus). | basal metabolic rate (bmr) has been shown to be a highly flexible phenotypic trait both between and within species, but the physiological, biochemical and molecular mechanisms are still unclear. brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii) and mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus) are two sympatric rodent species in inner mongolian grasslands of china. it has been shown that brandt's voles have higher metabolic rate than mongolian gerbils. in this study, we elucidated the inter-specific variation ... | 2010 | 20601053 |
| effects of leptin supplementation to lactating brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii) on the developmental responses of their offspring to a high-fat diet. | maternal serum leptin concentrations have been suggested as a key factor in programming growth patterns and protecting against adult metabolic disease in human offspring. however, the role of maternal leptin in the development of wild rodent offspring is not clear. we tested the hypothesis that maternal hyperleptinemia in lactating brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii) can protect their offspring from the risks of high-fat-diet-induced-obesity and insulin resistance. lactating voles were supple ... | 2011 | 21369727 |
| [brain morphology of microtus brandti (radde, 1861) and alticola argentatus semicanus (allen, 1924) (rodentia, cricetidae). results of the mongolian-german biological expeditions since 1962, no. 189)]. | | 2006 | 3291445 |
| variability in susceptibility of voles (arvicolinae) to experimental infection with cryptosporidium muris and cryptosporidium andersoni. | the infectivity of cryptosporidium muris and cryptosporidium andersoni in various species of voles was studied using experimental infections. none of the experimental voles inoculated with 1 × 10(5) oocysts of cryptosporidium spp. shed any oocysts during 40 dpi, except brandt's vole (lasiopodomys brandtii), which was susceptible to c. muris infection. experiments confirmed the resistance of voles of the genus microtus sensu stricto to infection with mammalian gastric cryptosporidia, which provid ... | 2012 | 22302477 |
| transmission ecosystems of echinococcus multilocularis in china and central asia. | from continental to regional scales, the zoonosis alveolar echinococcosis (ae) (caused by echinococcus multilocularis) forms discrete patches of endemicity within which transmission hotspots of much larger prevalence may occur. since the late 80s, a number of hotspots have been identified in continental asia, mostly in china, wherein the ecology of intermediate host communities has been described. this is the case in south gansu, at the eastern border of the tibetan plateau, in south ningxia, in ... | 2013 | 23734823 |
| rapid karyotype evolution in lasiopodomys involved at least two autosome - sex chromosome translocations. | the generic status of lasiopodomys and its division into subgenera lasiopodomys (l. mandarinus, l. brandtii) and stenocranius (l. gregalis, l. raddei) are not generally accepted because of contradictions between the morphological and molecular data. to obtain cytogenetic evidence for the lasiopodomys genus and its subgenera and to test the autosome to sex chromosome translocation hypothesis of sex chromosome complex origin in l. mandarinus proposed previously, we hybridized chromosome painting p ... | 2016 | 27936177 |
| defensive responses of brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii) to stored cat feces. | predator odors are non-intrusive natural stressors of high ethological relevance. animals are daily challenged with stressors of varying intensity and it is essential for their survival to respond to a wide range of threats. behavioral and hormonal responses and changes in the level of medial hypothalamic c-fos mrna were examined in brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii) exposed to the feces of a domestic cat (felis catus) stored for different periods. one hundred voles were tested in the defens ... | 2014 | 24184409 |
| oxytocin and vasopressin immunoreactive staining in the brains of brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii) and greater long-tailed hamsters (tscherskia triton). | immunoreactive (ir) staining of the neuropeptides oxytocin (ot) and vasopressin (avp) was performed in the brains of brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii) and greater long-tailed hamsters (tscherskia triton)-two species that differ remarkably in social behaviors. social brandt's voles had higher densities of ot-ir cells in the medial preoptic area (mpoa) and medial amygdala (mea) as well as higher densities of avp-ir cells in the lateral hypothalamus (lh) compared to solitary greater long-taile ... | 2010 | 20573572 |
| cloning and expression characterization in hypothalamic dio2/3 under a natural photoperiod in the domesticated brandt's vole (lasiopodomys brandtii). | the dio2/3 gene is related to the photoperiodic response in mammals and plays an important role in the development of gonadal organs and seasonal breeding. our previous studies have reported synchronous variations in the gonadal mass and photoperiodical transition around the summer solstice in a wild brandt's vole population, a species with striking seasonal breeding. to investigate the role of the dio2/3 gene in the control of seasonal breeding in this species, we cloned and characterized its e ... | 2017 | 29154946 |
| evolution of the clock and bmal1 genes in a subterranean rodent species (lasiopodomys mandarinus). | lasiopodomys mandarinus, a subterranean rodent, spends its entire life underground. to test whether the clock and bmal1 genes of l. mandarinus have undergone adaptive evolution to underground darkness, we cloned and analyzed their complete cdna sequences, using lasiopodomys brandtii as a control. the phylogenetic trees of the clock and bmal1 genes were similar to the trees of the conserved cyt b gene，further, l. mandarinus clustered with l. brandtii and microtus ochrogaster in the phylogenetic t ... | 2017 | 29141193 |
| diversity of thermogenic capacity predicts divergent obesity susceptibility in a wild rodent. | the objective of the present study was to examine whether wild rodents exhibit diverse obesity susceptibility and what factors predispose subjects to this divergence in response to a high-fat diet (hfd). | 2018 | 29131548 |
| large manipulative experiments reveal complex effects of food supplementation on population dynamics of brandt's voles. | although food supplementation is well known to increase population density, there is still debate on the causative effects of food supplementation on reproduction, survival, and immigration. large manipulative experiments, which exclude any confounding effects of dispersal and predation, are essential for clarifying the debate. in this study, we investigated the effects of food supplementation on brandt's vole population dynamics and plant community in eight large enclosures (0.48 ha each) from ... | 2017 | 28755298 |
| the colonization and divergence patterns of brandt's vole (lasiopodomys brandtii) populations reveal evidence of genetic surfing. | the colonial habit of brandt's vole (lasiopodomys brandtii) differs from that of most other species of the genus microtus. the demographic history of this species and the patterns shaping its current genetic structure remain unknown. here, we explored patterns of genetic differentiation and infered the demographic history of brandt's vole populations through analyses of nuclear microsatellite and d-loop sequences. | 2017 | 28637425 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of kiss1 in brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii). | kisspeptin, encoded by kiss1, has been regarded as a major modulator of mammalian puberty and fertility due to its stimulation on gnrh. brandt's vole is one of the main pest species on the inner mongolian steppes for its striking reproductive capacity and kiss1 is a key candidate gene related to reproductive regulatory cascades. in this study, kiss1 cdna was cloned from the hypothalamus of brandt's voles and kiss1 mrna levels were investigated in different tissues, and at different developmental ... | 2017 | 28427900 |
| effect of photoperiod and 6-methoxybenzoxazolinone (6-mboa) on the reproduction of male brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii). | plant secondary metabolite 6-methoxybenzoxazolinone (6-mboa) has been suggested to stimulate animal reproduction. 6-mboa is detected in leymus chinensis, a main diet of brandt's vole (lasiopodomys brandtii). we have previously reported a stimulatory effect of 6-mboa on reproduction of male brandt's voles under a short-day photoperiod. the goal of this study was to investigate the effect of 6-mboa on reproductive physiology of male brandt's voles under a long-day photoperiod and examine if 6-mboa ... | 2017 | 28279674 |
| a maternal low-fiber diet predisposes offspring to improved metabolic phenotypes in adulthood in an herbivorous rodent. | the maternal or paternal dietary composition can have important effects on various aspects of their offspring's physiology. studies from animal models and humans showed that a maternal high-fiber diet protected offspring against fat accumulation. however, little is known about how a maternal low-fiber diet modifies the metabolism of offspring in herbivorous rodents. we hypothesized that a maternal low-fiber diet would confer long-lasting beneficial effects on offspring metabolic phenotypes in he ... | 2017 | 28051940 |
| photoperiod induced obesity in the brandt's vole (lasiopodomys brandtii): a model of 'healthy obesity'? | brandt's voles have an annual cycle of body weight and adiposity. these changes can be induced in the laboratory by manipulation of photoperiod. in the present study, male captive-bred brandt's voles aged 35 days were acclimated to a short day (sd) photoperiod (8l:16d) for 70 days. a subgroup of individuals (n=16) were implanted with transmitters to monitor physical activity and body temperature. they were then randomly allocated into long day (ld=16l:8d) (n=19, 8 with transmitters) and sd (n=18 ... | 2016 | 27736740 |
| reproductive responses of male brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii) to 6-methoxybenzoxazolinone (6-mboa) under short photoperiod. | the plant secondary metabolite 6-methoxybenzoxazolinone (6-mboa) can stimulate and enhance animal reproduction. this compound has been successfully detected in leymus chinensis, which is the main diet of brandt's voles. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different 6-mboa doses on the reproductive physiology of male brandt's voles under a short photoperiod. the results showed that 6-mboa administration increased relative testis weight, regardless of the dose, but it had little ... | 2016 | 26940061 |
| effects of dietary tannic acid on the growth, hepatic gene expression, and antioxidant enzyme activity in brandt's voles (microtus brandti). | this study was designed to investigate the physiological and biochemical responses of brandt's voles to the persistent presence of dietary tannic acid. the diet for animals in the experimental group was supplemented with 3% dietary tannic acid for 5weeks. the control group received a commercial lab chow. no significant differences were detected in body weight, organ (heart, kidney, and liver) weights, and organ parameters between animals from two groups. however, voles in the experimental group ... | 2017 | 26850644 |
| [lamellar inclusion bodies in the retinal pigment epithelium of diurnal rodents]. | the ultrastructure of the retinal pigment epithelium of a diurnal rodent (brandt's vole) was described taking into account 1) the functions of the pigment epithelium as a participant in the renewal of photoreceptor outer segment and. 2) digestion of outer segment membranes into phagosomes of the retinal pigment epithelium. the myeloid bodies were observed after exposure of the pigment epithelium to light (200 lux, 4 hours) and darkness (0,1 lux, 1,5-hour). in the cytoplasm of the pigment epithel ... | 2015 | 26591606 |
| successive sheep grazing reduces population density of brandt's voles in steppe grassland by altering food resources: a large manipulative experiment. | livestock grazing has shaped grassland ecosystems around the world. previous studies indicated grazing showed various impacts on small rodents; however, most studies were conducted over 1-2 years without controlling for confounding factors such as immigration/emigration and predation in rodents. brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii) are generally recognized as pests because of food overlap with domestic herbivores, but are also important for biodiversity conservation because they provide nests ... | 2016 | 26446568 |
| sheep grazing causes shift in sex ratio and cohort structure of brandt's vole: implication of their adaptation to food shortage. | livestock grazing has been demonstrated to affect the population abundance of small rodents in grasslands, but the causative mechanism of grazing on demographic parameters, particularly the age structure and sex ratio, is rarely investigated. in this study, we examined the effects of sheep grazing on the cohort structure and sex ratio of brandt's vole (lasiopodomys brandtii) in inner mongolia of china by using large manipulative experimental enclosures during 2010-2013. our results indicated tha ... | 2016 | 26331731 |
| maternal dietary protein supplement confers long-term sex-specific beneficial consequences of obesity resistance and glucose tolerance to the offspring in brandt's voles. | maternal under- or over-nutrition not only alters neonatal body mass but also increases the risk of metabolic disorders in adulthood. little is known about how maternal dietary protein affects offspring fitness in wild rodents. the present study was conducted to test the hypothesis that maternal dietary protein supplement has a long-term beneficial effect on offspring fitness in brandt's vole (lasiopodomys brandtii), a herbivorous rodent model. the vole dams were fed either a control (18% protei ... | 2015 | 25499237 |
| cold exposure inhibits hypothalamic kiss-1 gene expression, serum leptin concentration, and delays reproductive development in male brandt's vole (lasiopodomys brandtii). | cold commonly affects growth and reproductive development in small mammals. here, we test the hypothesis that low ambient temperature will affect growth and puberty onset, associated with altered hypothalamic kiss-1 gene expression and serum leptin concentration in wild rodents. male brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii) were exposed to cold (4 ± 1 °c) and warm (23 ± 1 °c) conditions from the birth and sacrificed on different developmental stages (day 26, day 40, day 60, and day 90, respectivel ... | 2015 | 25145442 |
| defensive responses of brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii) to chronic predatory stress. | predator odors are non-intrusive natural stressors of high ethological relevance. the objective of this study was to investigate the processing of a chronic, life-threatening stimulus during repeated prolonged presentation to brandt's voles. one hundred and twenty voles were tested by repeated presentation of cat feces in a defensive withdrawal apparatus. voles exposed to feces for short periods showed more avoidance, more concealment in the hide box, less contact time with the odor source, more ... | 2014 | 24361575 |
| parasite-mediated selection of major histocompatibility complex variability in wild brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii) from inner mongolia, china. | genes of the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) exhibit high levels of variability, which is believed to have arisen through pathogen-mediated selection. we investigated the relationship between parasite load and genetic diversity at selectively neutral, non-coding markers (microsatellites) and adaptive genetic variation at a functionally important part of the mhc in six independent natural populations of brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii) from two regions of the xilingol grassland area ... | 2013 | 23848494 |
| inbreeding avoidance drives consistent variation of fine-scale genetic structure caused by dispersal in the seasonal mating system of brandt's voles. | inbreeding depression is a major evolutionary and ecological force influencing population dynamics and the evolution of inbreeding-avoidance traits such as mating systems and dispersal. mating systems and dispersal are fundamental determinants of population genetic structure. resolving the relationships among genetic structure, seasonal breeding-related mating systems and dispersal will facilitate our understanding of the evolution of inbreeding avoidance. the goals of this study were as follows ... | 2013 | 23516435 |
| no evidence for a trade-off between reproductive investment and immunity in a rodent. | life history theory assumes there are trade-offs between competing functions such as reproduction and immunity. although well studied in birds, studies of the trade-offs between reproduction and immunity in small mammals are scarce. here we examined whether reduced immunity is a consequence of reproductive effort in lactating brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii). specifically, we tested the effects of lactation on immune function (experiment i). the results showed that food intake and resting ... | 2012 | 22649512 |
| increased feeding and food hoarding following food deprivation are associated with activation of dopamine and orexin neurons in male brandt's voles. | small mammals usually face energetic challenges, such as food shortage, in the field. they have thus evolved species-specific adaptive strategies for survival and reproductive success. in the present study, we examined male brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii) for their physiological, behavioral, and neuronal responses to food deprivation (fd) and subsequent re-feeding. although 48 hr fd induced a decrease in body weight and the resting metabolic rate (rmr), such decreases did not reach statis ... | 2011 | 22046281 |
| re-feeding evokes reproductive overcompensation of food-restricted brandt's voles. | in natural conditions, animals have to cope with fluctuations of food resources. animals having experienced prolonged decrease in feeding opportunities may increase their reproductive success when meeting abundant food. though food restriction is well known to reduce reproductive success of animals, it is not clear whether re-feeding can restore or even overcompensate the reproductive success. in this study, we investigated the differences in reproductive parameters between food-restricted and r ... | 2012 | 22019786 |
| expression of oestrogen receptor α in the brain of brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii ): sex differences and variations during ovarian cycles. | oestrogen receptor (er) α plays an important role in a variety of cognitive and behavioural functions. it has been shown that erα expression in the brain is sexually dimorphic and is influenced by circulating oestrogen. in the present study, we mapped erα-immunoreactive (-ir) cells in the forebrain of brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii) to examine differences in erα-ir expression between males and females and to reveal variations of erα-ir expression during ovarian cycles in females. erα-ir c ... | 2011 | 21848648 |
| behavioral evaluation of quinestrol as a sterilant in male brandt's voles. | the theoretical, ecological, physiological, and mathematical aspects of fertility control in mammals have already been well studied, but little attention has been given to the behavioral effects, especially in rodents. we investigated the effects of quinestrol, a synthetic estradiol analog, on social behavior and reproductive physiology in male brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii). over seven successive days, four concentration gradients of quinestrol (none, 0.001%, 0.003%, and 0.006%) were se ... | 2011 | 21763706 |
| hypothalamic neuropeptides, not leptin sensitivity, contributes to the hyperphagia in lactating brandt's voles, lasiopodomys brandtii. | both pregnancy and lactation are associated with hyperphagia, and circulating leptin levels are elevated during pregnancy but decreased during lactation in brandt's voles, lasiopodomys brandtii. previous findings suggest that impaired leptin sensitivity contributes to hyperphagia during pregnancy. the present study aimed to examine whether the decreased circulating leptin level and/or hypothalamic leptin sensitivity contributed to the hyperphagia during lactation in brandt's voles. the serum lep ... | 2011 | 21653818 |
| litter size variation in hypothalamic gene expression determines adult metabolic phenotype in brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii). | early postnatal environments may have long-term and potentially irreversible consequences on hypothalamic neurons involved in energy homeostasis. litter size is an important life history trait and negatively correlated with milk intake in small mammals, and thus has been regarded as a naturally varying feature of the early developmental environment. here we investigated the long-term effects of litter size on metabolic phenotype and hypothalamic neuropeptide mrna expression involved in the regul ... | 2011 | 21637839 |
| pre- and post-weaning cold exposure does not lead to an obese phenotype in adult brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii). | evidence has shown that postnatal undernutrition, overnutrition and cold stress are associated with imbalanced metabolic regulation as rodents achieve adulthood. in this study, we used a breeding colony of brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii), a wild rodent species from the inner mongolia grasslands in china, to examine the effects of pre- and post-weaning cold exposure on the adult body (fat) mass, serum hormones and hypothalamic neuropeptides. unlike laboratory rodents, vole offspring expose ... | 2011 | 21635895 |
| effects of leptin infusion during peak lactation on food intake, body composition, litter growth, and maternal neuroendocrine status in female brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii). | during lactation, female small mammals frequently reduce their fat reserves to very low levels. the function of this reduction is unclear, as calculations suggest that the contribution of the withdrawn energy from fat to the total energy balance of lactation is trivial. an alternative hypothesis is that reducing fat leads to a reduction in circulating adipokines, such as leptin, that play a role in stimulating the hyperphagia of lactation. we investigated the role of circulating leptin in lactat ... | 2011 | 21123757 |
| multiple paternities increase genetic diversity of offspring in brandt's voles. | mating system and philopatry influence the genetic structure of a social group in mammals. brandt's vole (lasiopodomys brandtii) lives in social groups year-round and has male biased dispersal, which makes the vole a model system for studies of genetic consequences of mating system and philopatry. this study aimed to test the hypotheses that: (1) multiple paternity (mp) would exist in brandt's voles, enhance offspring genetic diversity and reduce genetic relatedness between littermates; (2) prom ... | 2010 | 20457233 |
| residues in brandt's voles (microtus brandti) exposed to bromadiolone-impregnated baits in mongolia. | in 2002, hundreds of non-target wildlife deaths occurred in mongolia following aerial applications of bromadiolone, an anticoagulant rodenticide, to control eruptive brandt's vole (microtus brandti) populations. to clarify whether secondary poisoning could have contributed to these deaths, a field study was undertaken in mongolia to measure bromadiolone residues in voles following exposure to two concentrations (50 and 500 mg/kg) of bromadiolone-treated wheat. the two treatments produced differe ... | 2010 | 20227761 |
| diet-induced obesity in the short-day-lean brandt's vole. | to test the hypothesis that mammals that show decrease in body mass under short-day condition should be resistant to high-fat induced obesity, we traced the changes of energy balance in a wild rodent, brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii), which were acclimated to either long day (16l: 8d, ld) or short day (8l: 16d, sd) and fed either low-fat diet (lfd) or high-fat diet (hfd) in each photoperiodic manipulation. we found that brandt's vole was not resistant to high-fat diet-induced obesity and s ... | 2010 | 19840809 |
| limits to sustained energy intake. xi. a test of the heat dissipation limitation hypothesis in lactating brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii). | the maximum rate of sustained energy intake (susei) may limit reproductive effort, thermoregulatory capability and other aspects of an animal's energy expenditure. consequently, factors that limit susei are of interest. the ;heat dissipation limitation hypothesis' suggests that maximum susei during lactation is limited by the capacity to dissipate body heat generated as a by-product of processing food and producing milk. in the present study, we tested the heat dissipation limitation hypothesis ... | 2009 | 19837887 |
| role of hypoleptinemia during cold adaptation in brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii). | brandt's voles lasiopodomys brandtii exhibit large increases in nonshivering thermogenesis to cope with chronic cold exposure, resulting in compensatory hyperphagia and fat mobilization. these physiological events are accompanied by a remarkable reduction in serum leptin levels. however, the role of hypoleptinemia in cold adaptation in this species is still unknown. in the present study, we tested the hypothesis that hypoleptinemia contributes to increases in food intake and brown adipose tissue ... | 2009 | 19726709 |
| characterization of nine novel microsatellite markers from brandt's vole (lasiopodomys brandtii). | highly polymorphic microsatellite markers are the most powerful tools to infer kinship relations. in this study, a library enriched for (ac)(n) (ag)(n) and (agat)(n) was constructed for screening microsatellite markers in brandt's vole (lasiopodomys brandtii), and nine novel polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed and characterized. the number of alleles ranged from 4 to 11 per locus and the mean polymorphism information content was 0.7535. the observed and the expected heterozygosity ... | 2009 | 21564873 |
| cold exposure does not decrease serum leptin concentration, but increases energy intake and thermogenic capacity in pregnant brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii). | in most mammals, maternal body mass and fat mass increase during pregnancy due to hyperphagia. these physiological changes provide the fetus with energy and nutrients and prepare the mother for the high energetic demands of lactation. in the present study, metabolic changes in response to cold and pregnancy were examined in female brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii). at 23+/-1 degrees c, the voles increased body mass and deposited body fat during pregnancy. however, at 5+/-1 degrees c pregnan ... | 2009 | 19231144 |
| hypothalamic suppressor-of-cytokine-signalling 3 mrna is elevated and pro-opiomelanocortin mrna is reduced during pregnancy in brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii ). | leptin acts within the hypothalamus to diminish food intake. in brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii), both circulating leptin levels and food intake are elevated during pregnancy, suggesting an ineffectiveness of leptin to reduce food intake. diminished hypothalamic leptin receptors and impaired leptin signal transduction are characteristic of central leptin resistance. the present study aimed to determine whether these characteristic modulations of leptin sensitivity occurred in pregnant bran ... | 2008 | 18638026 |
| different physiological roles of serum leptin in the regulation of energy intake and thermogenesis between pregnancy and lactation in primiparous brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii). | reproduction, especially lactation, is associated with major metabolic adaptive changes. in this study, we investigated the metabolic changes and the roles of leptin during different periods of reproduction in primiparous brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii). energy intake, thermogenic capacity and serum leptin levels were examined in non-reproductive, mid pregnant, late pregnant, early lactating and peak lactating voles. voles increased body mass by nearly 70% during late pregnancy compared t ... | 2008 | 18321785 |
| large litter size increases maternal energy intake but has no effect on ucp1 content and serum-leptin concentrations in lactating brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii). | lactation is the most energetically demanding period in the female mammal's life. we measured maternal energy intake, uncoupling protein 1 (ucp1) content in brown adipose tissue (bat), serum-leptin concentration, and litter growth in lactating brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii) with different litter sizes. litter mass was positively related to litter size but there was no difference in pup mass at birth. maternal gross energy intake at peak lactation was positively correlated with litter siz ... | 2008 | 18283466 |
| anti-fertility effect of levonorgestrel and quinestrol in brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii). | the combination of levonorgestrel and quinestrol (ep-1) has been shown to have anti-fertility effects on several wild rodents, but the mechanism underlying these effects is poorly understood. we investigated the effects of ep-1 and each of its components, levonorgestrel (p) and quinestrol (e), on the fertility of brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii) by using a gastric gavage method. the doses for ep-1, e and p were 1, 0.34 and 0.66 mg/kg body weight, respectively. male voles (n = 98) were trea ... | 2007 | 21396043 |
| effects of photoperiod history on body mass and energy metabolism in brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii). | many small mammals respond to seasonal changes in photoperiod via alterations in morphology, physiology and behaviour. in the present study, we tested the hypothesis that the preweaning (from embryo to weaning) photoperiod experience can affect subsequent development in terms of body mass and thermogenesis. brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii) were gestated and reared to weaning under either a short (sd, 8 h:16 h l:d) or a long photoperiod (ld, 16 h:8 h l:d) at a constant ambient temperature ( ... | 2007 | 17951425 |
| thermogenesis, food intake and serum leptin in cold-exposed lactating brandt's voles lasiopodomys brandtii. | lactation is the most energetically expensive period for mammals and is associated with increased metabolism and energy intake, but decreased thermogenic capacity. it is well known that small mammals increase both food intake and thermogenesis in the cold. the present study aimed to examine whether brandt's voles lasiopodomys brandtii could adjust energy intake and thermogenesis to accommodate simultaneous lactation and cold exposure. the voles were placed into two temperature treatments: warm ( ... | 2007 | 17234621 |
| rank in a food competition test and humoral immune functions in male brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii). | social status can influence an animal's immune and reproductive functions, eventually leading to alterations in immunocompetence and reproductive success. here, we report that rank assessed in a food competition test, considered as an index of social status, has significant influences on humoral immune functions in male brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii) living in a group. our data reveal a negative correlation of the spleen mass and serum antibody levels with social status, as well as a pos ... | 2007 | 17141282 |
| basal metabolic rate and organ size in brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii): effects of photoperiod, temperature and diet quality. | this study examined the effects of photoperiod (long day [16 light:8 dark] and short day [8 light:16 dark]), temperature (cold [5 degrees c] and warm [23 degrees c]), and diet quality (high-fiber diet [36% neutral-detergent fiber (ndf)] and low-fiber diet [23% ndf]) on basal metabolic rate (bmr), digestible energy intake, and organ size in the brandt's vole (lasiopodomys brandtii). cold increased bmr and showed a significant interaction with diet quality. cold and short photoperiod increased int ... | 2006 | 16989876 |
| energy metabolism, thermogenesis and body mass regulation in brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii) during cold acclimation and rewarming. | environmental cues play important roles in the regulation of an animal's physiology and behavior. the purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that ambient temperature was a cue to induce adjustments in body mass, energy intake and thermogenic capacity, associated with changes in serum leptin levels in brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii). we found that brandt's voles increased resting metabolic rate (rmr) and energy intake and kept body mass stable when exposed to the cold whil ... | 2006 | 16515788 |
| short photoperiod influences energy intake and serum leptin level in brandt's voles (microtus brandtii). | photoperiod cues play important roles in the regulation of seasonal variations in body mass (bm) and energy balance for many small mammals. the present study was designed to examine the effects of photoperiod acclimation on bm, energy intake, and serum leptin levels in brandt's voles (microtus (lasiopodomys) brandtii). after 4 weeks of acclimation to either long (ld; light:dark, 16:8) or short (sd; 8:16) photoperiod, sd voles had lower bm, body fat mass, and dry mass of liver and kidneys, but hi ... | 2006 | 16293255 |
| regulation of body weight and thermogenesis in seasonally acclimatized brandt's voles (microtus brandti). | seasonal changes in an animal's morphology, physiology, and behavior are considered to be an adaptive strategy for survival and reproductive success. in the present study, we examined body weight and several behavioral, physiological, hormonal, and biochemical markers in seasonally acclimatized brandt's voles (microtus brandti) to test our hypothesis that brandt's voles can decrease energy intake associated with decrease in body weight, body fat content, serum leptin level, and increasing thermo ... | 2005 | 15935352 |
| [influence of male surgical sterilization on social behavior of brandt's vole]. | using the method of surgical sterilization, this paper studied the influence of sterilized male on the social behavior of brandt's vole. the results showed that there was no significant difference in the frequency of amicable and agnostic behaviors between male surgical sterilization group and control, and between intact and sterilized males in the same group. it could be concluded that male surgical sterilization had no influence on the social behavior of brandt's vole. | 2004 | 15506097 |
| selective digesta retention and coprophagy in brandt's vole (microtus brandti). | digestive performance, gut morphology and rate of digesta passage were measured in brandt's voles (microtus brandti) offered pelleted diets of low (25% neutral-detergent fibre) and high (38%) fibre content. digestion coefficients of dry matter, crude fat, crude protein, energy and fibre were all significantly lower on the higher fibre diet. although not significantly higher, dry matter intakes were more than maintained when extra cellulose was included in the diet, so that intakes of digestible ... | 2001 | 11585257 |
| new flexible growth function and its application to the growth of small mammals. | the function [formula: see text] where a is the upper asympotic weight and b, c, k are constants, is derived as a new flexible growth equation and evaluated using commonly applied growth functions such as monomelecular, gompertz, logistic, richards, france, janoschek and hill. three sets of observations on growth of small mammal species (microtus brandti and ochotona curzoniae) are used to evaluate the fits of these functions. in addition, points of inflexion of these growth equations are also d ... | 2006 | 9666354 |
| effects of thyroid status on cold-adaptive thermogenesis in brandt's vole, microtus brandti. | hyper- and hypothyroidism were induced by subcutaneous injection of thyroxine and by oral administration of methimazol in brandt's voles. the effects of the two treatments on metabolic thermogenesis at 25 degrees c and 4 degrees c were investigated. the level of resting metabolic rate was closely related to thyroid status: high in the hyperthyroid case and low in the hypothyroid case. however, no increase in resting metabolic rate occurred in either case during further cold acclimation. hyperthy ... | 2013 | 9231409 |
| high housing density increases stress hormone- or disease-associated fecal microbiota in male brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii). | density-dependence is an important mechanism in the population regulation of small mammals. stressors induced by high-density (e.g., crowding and aggression) can cause physiological and neurological disorders, and are hypothesized to be associated with alterations in gut microbiota, which may in turn reduce the fitness of animals by increasing stress- or disease-associated microbes. in this study, we examined the effects of housing density on the hormone levels, immunity, and composition of gut ... | 2020 | 32791065 |
| molecular characterization of cryptosporidium spp. in brandt's vole in china. | cryptosporidium spp. are important intestinal parasites that infect humans and various animals, including wildlife. currently, few epidemiological data in wild rodents, especially in voles, are available. in the present study, a total of 678 brandt's vole feces samples were collected from maodeng livestock farm and east ujimqin, inner mongolia. the overall prevalence of cryptosporidium spp. was 18.7%. significant differences were not found between genders but between locations and weight groups. ... | 2020 | 32695797 |
| regulation of social behaviors by p-stat3 via oxytocin and its receptor in the nucleus accumbens of male brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii). | social behavior plays a significant role in the formation of social structure and population regulation in both animals and humans. oxytocin (oxt) and its receptor (oxtr) are well known for regulating social behaviors, but their upstream regulating factors are rarely investigated. we hypothesized that the phosphorylation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p-stat3) may regulate social and aggressive behaviors via the oxt system in the nucleus accumbens (nac). to test this ... | 2020 | 31765660 |
| differential responses of lasiopodomys mandarinus and lasiopodomys brandtii to chronic hypoxia: a cross-species brain transcriptome analysis. | subterranean rodents have evolved many features to adapt to their hypoxic environment. the brain is an organ that is particularly vulnerable to damage caused by exposure to hypoxic conditions. to investigate the mechanisms of adaption to a hypoxic underground environment, we carried out a cross-species brain transcriptome analysis by rna sequencing and identified genes that are differentially expressed between the subterranean vole lasiopodomys mandarinus and the closely related above-ground spe ... | 2018 | 30537924 |
| the remarkable hypoxia tolerance in brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii). | oxygen (o2 ) is essential for the survival of most animal species; however, o2 levels are lower than normal in certain spatiotemporal circumstances. therefore, animals have to develop some strategies to face and adapt to this plight. this study compared the differences in survival, behavior, and hippocampal neurons under hypoxic conditions between brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii) and kunming mice (mus musculus). brandt's voles had longer survival times than did kunming mice in 5%-6.5% o2 l ... | 2020 | 33084041 |
| complex spatial patterns delay the discovery and location of food by rodents. | spatial patterns in heterogeneity are generally deemed a central causal factor influencing the physiology and behavior of animals in ecological systems. however, knowledge remains limited about how such patterns influence food discovery by animals. we inferred that spatial heterogeneity plays a key role in animal food discovery and location. to prove this inference, we tested food locating parameters by 2 rodent species, apodemus agrarius and lasiopodomys brandtii, in different heterogeneous env ... | 2020 | 31912943 |
| light-resetting impact on behavior and the central circadian clock in two vole species (genus: lasiopodomys). | the behavioral circadian rhythms of subterranean rodents show intra- and interspecies diversity in terms of adaptation to dark underground environments, but the endogenous molecular mechanism of rhythm regulation in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (scn) is stable to many species. in this study, we sought to determine the rhythms of behavior and central molecular regulatory mechanisms in the scn of the subterranean mandarin voles (lasiopodomys mandarinus) compared with a related aboveground species, b ... | 2020 | 32687979 |
| evolution of hemoglobin genes in a subterranean rodent species (lasiopodomys mandarinus). | the mandarin vole (lasiopodomys mandarinus), a typical subterranean rodent, has undergone hematological adaptations to tolerate the hypoxic/hypercapnic underground environment. hemoglobin (hb) genes encode respiratory proteins functioning principally in oxygen binding and transport to various tissues and organs. to investigate the evolution of α- and β-hemoglobin (hb) in subterranean rodent species, we sequenced hb genes of the mandarin vole and the related aboveground brandt's vole (l. brandtii ... | 2020 | 32443792 |
| expression patterns of clock genes in the hypothalamus and eye of two lasiopodomys species. | to investigate the relationship between light sensing systems in the eye and circadian oscillators in the hypothalamus of subterranean rodents, we studied subterranean mandarin voles (lasiopodomys mandarinus) that spend their entire lives under dark conditions with degenerated eyes, and compared oscillatory expression patterns of clock genes in the hypothalamus and eye between mandarin voles and their aboveground relatives, brandt's voles (l. brandtii). individuals of both vole species were kept ... | 2020 | 32308052 |
| transcriptome analysis of the response provided by lasiopodomys mandarinus to severe hypoxia includes enhancing dna repair and damage prevention. | severe hypoxia induces a series of stress responses in mammals; however, subterranean rodents have evolved several adaptation mechanisms of energy metabolisms and o2 utilization for hypoxia. mammalian brains show extreme aerobic metabolism. following hypoxia exposure, mammals usually experience irreversible brain damage and can even develop serious diseases, such as hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy and brain edema. to investigate mechanisms underlying the responses of subterranean rodents to seve ... | 2020 | 32256671 |
| evolution of circadian genes per and cry in subterranean rodents. | there is considerable interest in examining how circadian rhythms function and evolve in subterranean rodents that spend its entire life in underground, darkness environments. here, we investigated the evolution of per and cry genes that are important for mammalian biological clocks in the subterranean rodents. we performed phylogenetic analyses using newly sequenced per and cry from the subterranean rodent lasiopodomys mandarinus, the related aboveground rodent lasiopodomys brandtii, sequences ... | 2018 | 29959015 |
| novel ultrastructural findings on cardiac mitochondria of huddling brandt's voles in mild cold environment. | reduced ambient temperature has a damaging effect on mammalian myocardium. huddling as a cooperative behavior has evolved in social mammals as a strategy to maximize adaptation to environmental cooling. here, we studied the effects of huddling behavior on mitochondrial morphology, number, and function in the myocardia of brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii) under cool environmental temperatures (15 °c). results showed (1) mitochondrial swelling and cristae disruption in the cool huddling group ... | 2020 | 32673738 |
| density-induced social stress alters oxytocin and vasopressin activities in the brain of a small rodent species. | it is known that social stress could alter oxytocin (ot) and arginine-vasopressin (avp) expression in specific regions of brains which regulate the aggressive behavior of small rodents, but the effects of density-induced social stress are still unknown. brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii) are small herbivores in the grassland of china, but the underlying neurological mechanism of population regulation is still unknown. we tested the effects of housing density of brandt's voles on ot/avp syste ... | 2020 | 32652776 |
| coprophagy prevention alters microbiome, metabolism, neurochemistry, and cognitive behavior in a small mammal. | many small mammals engage in coprophagy, or the behavior of consuming feces, as a means to meet nutritional requirements when feeding on low-quality foods. in addition to nutritional benefits, coprophagy may also help herbivores retain necessary gut microbial diversity and function, which may have downstream physiological effects, such as maintaining energy balance and cognitive function. here, we used collars to prevent brandt's vole (lasiopodomys brandtii) from engaging in coprophagy and monit ... | 2020 | 32632263 |
| the reproductive inhibitory effects of levonorgestrel, quinestrol, and ep-1 in brandt's vole (lasiopodomys brandtii). | rodent pests can inflict devastating impacts on agriculture and the environment, leading to significant economic damage associated with their high species diversity, reproductive rates and adaptability. fertility control methods could indirectly control rodent pest populations as well as limit ecological consequences and environmental concerns caused by lethal chemical poisons. brandt's voles, which are common rodent pests found in the grasslands of middle-eastern inner mongolia, eastern regions ... | 2020 | 32566388 |
| repeated predator odor exposure alters maternal behavior of postpartum brandt's voles and offspring's locomotor activity. | recent evidence indicates that predation risk plays a special role in the rodent behavior of dams and offspring, but little is known about the effect of maternal exposure to the predator cues in the absence of pups. here, we assessed the effects of repeated predator odor exposure on various maternal responses in postpartum brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii). we also examined offspring's behavioral response to a novel environment. only mother voles were exposed to distilled water, rabbit urin ... | 2020 | 32445852 |
| host-microbiota interaction helps to explain the bottom-up effects of climate change on a small rodent species. | the population cycles of small rodents have puzzled biologists for centuries. there is a growing recognition of the cascading effects of climate change on the population dynamics of rodents. however, the ultimate cause for the bottom-up effects of precipitation is poorly understood, from a microbial perspective. here, we conducted a precipitation manipulation experiment in the field, and three feeding trials with controlled diets in the laboratory. we found precipitation supplementation facilita ... | 2020 | 32313262 |
| the microbiota-gut-brain interaction in regulating host metabolic adaptation to cold in male brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii). | gut microbiota play a critical role in orchestrating metabolic homeostasis of the host. however, the crosstalk between host and microbial symbionts in small mammals are rarely illustrated. we used male brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii) to test the hypothesis that gut microbiota and host neurotransmitters, such as norepinephrine (ne), interact to regulate energetics and thermogenesis during cold acclimation. we found that increases in food intake and thermogenesis were associated with increa ... | 2019 | 31455805 |
| effect of temperature on antioxidant defense and innate immunity in brandt's voles. | ambient temperature is an important factor influencing many physiological processes, including antioxidant defense and immunity. in the present study, we tested the hypothesis that antioxidant defense and immunity are suppressed by high and low temperature treatment in brandt's voles (lasiopodomys brandtii). thirty male voles were randomly assigned into different temperature groups (4, 23, and 32 °c, n=10 for each group), with the treatment course lasting for 27 d. results showed that low temper ... | 2019 | 31310064 |
| dynamic expressions of hypothalamic genes regulate seasonal breeding in a natural rodent population. | seasonal breeding is a universal reproductive strategy in many animals. hypothalamic genes, especially type 2 and 3 iodothyronine deiodinases (dio2/3), rfamide-related peptide 3 (rfrp-3), kisspeptin (kiss-1) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh), are involved in a photoperiodic pathway that encodes seasonal signals from day length in many vertebrate species. however, the seasonal expression patterns of these genes in wild mammals are less studied. here, we present a four-year field investiga ... | 2019 | 31233652 |
| dietary shifts influenced by livestock grazing shape the gut microbiota composition and co-occurrence networks in a local rodent species. | the collapse of large wild herbivores with replacement of livestock is causing global plant community and diversity shifts, resulting in altered food availability and diet composition of other sympatric small herbivores in grasslands. how diet shifts affect the gut microbiota of small mammals and whether these changes may translate into complex interactions among coexisting herbivores remain largely unknown. we conducted both a field experiment and a laboratory diet manipulation experiment to te ... | 2019 | 30381827 |
| effects of maternal stress induced by predator odors during gestation on behavioral and physiological responses of offspring in brandt's vole (lasiopodomys brandtii). | maternal effects play a crucial role in regulating populations of small mammals and anti-predator behaviors of offspring. the present study investigated the effects of maternal stress induced by exposure to predator odors during gestation on the behavioral and physiological responses of offspring in brandt's vole (lasiopodomys brandtii). effects included changes in growth, behaviors, hormone levels in serum, and fosb/δfosb mrna and fosb/δfosb protein expression in the hypothalamus. our results s ... | 2018 | 30019852 |