| trisomy 22. two new cases and delineation of the phenotype. | two unrelated children, not affected with down's syndrome, with strikingly similar phenotypes and an extra g-like chromosome are presented. quinacrine and trypsin-giemsa banding identified the extra chromosome as no. 22. the phenotype of these patients and the review of 15 additional similar cases from the literature permit a definition of the cardinal features of trisomy 22; mental and growth retardation, microcephaly and craniofacial asymmetry, strabismus, beaked and prominent nose, long philt ... | 1975 | 49427 |
| [successes and prospects for genetic engineering]. | the review of literature (1970-1976) on problems of gene engineering is given. gene engineering is pointed out to be a new method of modern biology and a new page of modern molecular genetics. gene engineering detected a real possibility of artificial creating living hybrid organisms, i.e. constructing functional recombinant dna molecules according to a project of investigator, but not to possibilities of crossing. the determination of gene engineering (in contrast with genetical engineering) is ... | 1976 | 63407 |
| immunology of sarcoidosis. | the cardinal immunologic changes in sarcoidosis consist of depression of delayed-type hypersensitivity, hyperreactive circulating antibody responses and the kveim-siltzbach skin test phenomenon. depression of delayed-type hypersensitivity is demonstrated by skin tests using tuberculin, mumps, pertussis, trichophytin, oidiomycin, dinitrochlorobenzene and californian keyhole limpet hemocyanin. the cultured lymphocytes from patients with depression of delayed-type hypersensitivity react poorly to p ... | 1975 | 169693 |
| [opiate receptors and endogenous morphines: a new approach to the study of the brain]. | the paper deals with a range of problems connected with a study of a nature and a function of specific neuronal receptors and endogenous morphines. it is demonstrated that a further development of studies in the given area will be of a principal significance in solving the cardinal problems of psychopharmacology and a search for biological bases of mental diseases. the most perspective ways of studying functional opiate receptors and endogenous morphines in schizophrenia are discussed. | 1978 | 207062 |
| epidemic adenovirus inclusions body hepatitis of the chicken in australia. | the occurrence of inclusion body hepatitis (ibh) on 11 properties in australia is described. the 6 victorian cases occurred between 1967 and 1973 and were identified as incidental findings accompanying other diseases or occurred as ill-defined, minor economic disease episodes. in well-managed flocks the extra mortality attributable to ibh was as low as 1.8% which represented a 50% increase in total mortality. the 1973 epidemic in new south wales on 5 related farms resulted in flock mortality of ... | 1977 | 207252 |
| the obesity of middle age: a common variety of cushing's syndrome due to a chronic increase in adrenocorticotrophin (acth) and beta-endorphin activity. | the common obesity of middle age presents a set of features that strongly resembles the cardinal symptoms of cushing's syndrome: obesity of the face (moon face), upper back (buffalo hump) and trunk (pot belly) accompanied by signs of protein-wasting. in non-obese individuals who remain at a constant weight throughout life, the proportion of adipose tissue increases with age at the expense of lean tissue loss. thus, a mild version of cushing's syndrome may be part of the normal aging process. a m ... | 1979 | 224674 |
| three phases of evil: the relation of injury to pain. | it is proposed that injury may be followed by three phases of behaviour in human beings and animals. in the immediate phase, pain may not occur and other activities take precedence. even when the victims are fully aware of their injury, these other activities may include fighting, escaping and obtaining safety and aid. once relative safety from the source of injury has been achieved, a new form of behaviour related to allowing recovery begins. this is the acute stage. the need for the initiation ... | 1979 | 261651 |
| [effect of temperature on the dynamics of interaction of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus with host bacteria]. | the dynamics of the interaction between bdellovibrio bacteriovorus and the host bacterium was found to depend on temperature. the maximum rate of infection was found at 37 degrees c. the maximum yield of bdellovibrio and the maximum lysis of the host cells occurred at 22.5 degrees c. the cardinal points, at which no interaction was observed, have been determined. it is concluded that b. bacteriovorus belongs to mesophilis microorganisms. | 1977 | 333239 |
| posttraumatic pulmonary microembolism. pathophysiology and treatment. | the aetiology of respiratory insufficiency in man following massive trauma, major surgery or serious illness may vary. there is, however, one special type, the pathogenesis of which remains controversial despite several clinical, autopsy and experimental investigations. our concept of this syndrome, which is summarized in this review has been arrived at from clinical, pathologico-anatomical and experimental studies. in its pure form the syndrome is most appropriately called "posttraumatic pulmon ... | 1977 | 356714 |
| the pathology of human cardiac transplantation: an assessment after 11 years' experience at groote schuur hospital. | over a period of 11 years, commencing in december 1967, 31 cardiac transplants, 10 orthotopic and 21 heterotopic, were performed at groote schuur hospital. two patients with orthotopic transplants have a long survival, 1 for 7 1/2 and 1 for 9 1/2 years, and 1 with a heterotopic transplant for 4 years. eighteen patients have died, and autopsy was performed from 13 to 623 days postoperatively. rejection of the donor heart was found in 61,1% and was the cause of death in 44,4% of cases. infection, ... | 1979 | 390737 |
| effect of temperature on the growth of myxococcus xanthus. | the cardinal growth characteristics of myxococcus xanthus were examined from 14 to 40 degree c, and the examinations indicated that the organism is mesophilic in character. the maximum growth rate (0,3 doublings per h) was between 34 and 36 degree c and the temperature characteristic (micron) is 17,000 cal/mol (71,162 j/mol). | 1977 | 404288 |
| [the species c. diphtheriae]. | corynebacteria (c. diphtheriae var. gravis, mitis, minimus, intermedius, c. belfanti, c. ovis, c. ulceraus) producing diphtheria toxin are found as variants sharply differing from one another morphologically (from long branching rods to coccobacilli), culturally, biochemically and by other signs. the toxin synthesis in them was determined by genetically heterogeneous prophages tox+; tox+ virus exchange is possible between the corynebacteria. since production of specific toxin, the cardinal sign ... | 1977 | 413292 |
| [analysis of species specific acoustic signals in the mesencephalic, diencephalic, and neostriatal structures of the brain]. | in chronic experiments, the neuronal activity in structures of the auditory analyzer was studied during perception of species-specific signals in the chicken. the majority of the neostriatum cells responded to territorial vocalizations of the rooster and to squeaking of the chicken; in the midbrain structures the maximal responses occurred to signals of distress and alarm. the greatest number of cells responded most obviously to the cardinal component of the chicken vocalization spectrum. | 1979 | 510592 |
| [on the venous system in the retroperitoneal region (a contribution to the persistence of the primitive vena cava system) (author's transl)]. | a vasal anomaly in the region of the vena cava inferior is being described in the corpse of a 25-year-old man. 1. in the course of development the v. subcardinalis has not been joined to the pars hepatica of the v. cava inferior, which originates from the v. hepatis revehens communis. in our case the anastomosis intersubcardinalis remains and is subjected to a slight retroaortal displacement to the left. 2. among the vv. sacrocardinales the v. sacrocardinalis sinistra, which ought to involute af ... | 1977 | 603065 |
| [tetracycline ulcer of the oesophagus: clinical features and in-vitro studies (author's transl)]. | during treatment with doxycycline capsules three patients (aged 24, 34, and 39 years, respectively) developed acute oesophageal ulcers with dysphagia as the cardinal symptoms. they became symptom-free and the ulcers healed promptly on symptomatic treatment. in-vitro experiments in rats indicated that doxycycline accumulates within the erythrocyte membrane and epithelial cells of the oesophagus. this accumulation is followed by cell destruction. it is assumed that doxycycline capsules remain with ... | 1978 | 668510 |
| [the symptom of eeg-flattening accompanying psychomotor attacks, their frequency, duration, form and significance. a video-band analysis of 78 patients with 187 attacks (author's transl)]. | a total of 187 psychomotor attacks in 78 epileptic patients were recorded on video band; 48 patients (61.5%) and 100 attacks (55.5%) showed signs of eeg flattening. this flattening became manifest before the clinical onset of the fit in 11.88% of patients, simultaneously with the fit in 30.5%, during the fit in 17.1%, and at the end of the attack in 4.8%. in 10.7% of the attacks, the flattening was considered as a cardinal eeg symptom of the fit, since it lasted longer than two-thirds of attack ... | 1978 | 687067 |
| a cardinal role for i-region antigens (ia) in immunological enhancement, and the clinical implications. | | 1976 | 781923 |
| [morphological studies in the late period after autotransplantation of the left lung and removal of the right (intact) lung]. | morphological examinations were carried out in 3 animals, in which during the late period after left-side pulmonary autotransplantation the right lung was removed. the results during long-term survival of these animals showed the cardinal importance for success lying in anatomical sufficiency of vascular and bronchial anastomoses, fair compensatory capacity of external breathing, absence of severe structural changes in the autografted lung, ventilation of physiologic atelectases, and development ... | 1976 | 793218 |
| high sodium-low potassium environment and hypertension. | the high sodium-low potassium environment of civilized people, operating on a genetic substrate of susceptibility, is the cardinal factor in the genesis and perpetuation of "essential" hypertension. the noxious effects begin in childhood, when habits of excess salt consumption are acquired at the family table, and are perpetuated by continuing habit and by increasing use of convenience and snack foods with artificially high concentrations of sodium and low levels of potassium. present methods of ... | 1976 | 793367 |
| [studies of the etiology of cystopyelitis in hybrid swine]. | studies were carried out on the etiology, clinical picture, morphologic changes, and methods of prophylaxis of the cystopyelitis in hybrid pigs. it was established that in the cases studied the etiologic part is most probably played by escherichia coli having pronounced virulence for albino mice. clinically the disease was manifested with hematuria--the cardinal diagnostic symptom; histologically there were nephritis, pyelonephritis, and strong edemas on the wall of the bladder. when hematuria a ... | 1976 | 799863 |
| the antiparkinsonian efficacy of bromocriptine. | the antiparkinsonian activity of bromocriptine, a presumed dopaminergic receptor agonist, was investigated in monkeys with surgically induced tremor and in a group of parkinsonian patients. a single administration of bromocriptine resulted in a dose-dependent relief of tremor in monkeys. repeated administration enhanced this effect. only mild abnormal involuntary movements were observed and only after repeated administration. eleven patients with parkinson's disease were treated with bromocripti ... | 1976 | 817221 |
| minimal requirements in defined media for improved growth of some radio-resistant pink tetracocci. | defined media permitting extensive growth of representative pink radio-resistant tetracocci (micrococcus radiodurans, micrococcus roseus, and micrococcus radiophilus) and two controls (an ultraviolet-sensitive mutant of m. radiodurans and micrococcus luteus) are described. availability of fe (especially fe3+) proved essential for good growth, as evidenced by (i) favorable effects of hydroxamic acids, e.g., salicylhydroxamic acid, and (ii) the growth promotion by hemin when joined with elevated c ... | 1977 | 879774 |
| [taphophobia and resurrection mania]. | there are two rare psychopathological phenomena: the fear to be buried alive (taphophobia) and the delusion to rise again from the grave (delusion of resurrection). these cases are given as illustration. taphophobia is counted among the neuroses, the delusion of resurrection is a cardinal symptom of the psychosis "phantastic paraphrenia" both states are rooted in unconscious fears and and wishes in man, especially in superstition. the theoretical concept behind these psychopathological phenomena ... | 1977 | 905788 |
| action of inflammatory mediators on middle ear mucosa. a method for measuring permeability and swelling. | we describe a technique for measuring changes of permeability and vasodilation-edema in middle ear and eustachian tube mucosa when this tissue is challenged with an inflammatory mediator. a ten-minute exposure to histamine, bradykinin, and prostaglandin e1 or e2 causes marked increases in permeability and a vasodilation-edema that lasts from 30 minutes to two hours. the passage across the mucosa of a small ion-pertechnetate-is increased by these mediators. protein molecules, normally prevented f ... | 1976 | 938323 |
| ocular optics and evolution. | the application of sampling theory to image formation in the human eye is related to the population density of photoreceptors. a close numerical agreement is revealed which suggests that an image-forming device is of cardinal importance in ocular evolution. | 1976 | 966098 |
| [contribution of somite cells to the development of posterior limb buds in mice]. | 1. the structural changes accompanying the early genesis of the mouse hindlimb bud have been studied in serial epon thick sections at five successive somitic stages collected during the 10th developmental day. 2. as soon as the 14-somite stage, increased proliferative activities occurring in a limited area of the embryonic somatopleure close to the caudal end of the coelomic cavity point out the onset of limb morphogenesis. from its very beginning on, up to its ceasing at the 27-somite stage, th ... | 1976 | 1020950 |
| what retains water in living cells? | three types of evidence are presented showing that the retention of cell water does not necessarily depend on the possession of an intact cell membrane. the data agree with the concept that water retention in cells is due to multilayer adsorption on proteins and that the maintenance of the normal state of water relies on the presence of adenosine triphosphate as a cardinal adsorbent, controlling the protein conformations. | 1976 | 1082166 |
| human assay of antimotion sickness drugs. | the present study was undertaken to improve previous testing procedures, involving the use of a slow rotation room, for assessing the efficacy of antimotion sickness drugs which had validity for groups of subjects but not for each individual in the group. three major changes were introduced: first, the use of an incremental increase in the intensity of the stressful stimuli of constant intensity; second, a systematic distribution of placebos, rather than a random distribution, in using a modifie ... | 1975 | 1100039 |
| [a case of maffucci-kast syndrome (author's transl)]. | a 40-year-old man showed the typical cardinal signs of maffucci-kast syndrome: largely one-sided bony chondromatosis and tuberous dermal angiomata. in addition there were pigmented spots in the skin, moderate hypertrophy of the extremities most involved (left hand and foot) and hypoplasia of the skeleton in these parts. | 1975 | 1136559 |
| trisomy 22. | the existence of a trisomy 22 has been definitely established by newer methods of karyotype analysis which permit distinction between the acrocentric chromosomes of group g. trisomy 22 is much rarer than trisomy 21. this report presents presumptive evidence that the cat eye syndrome (ces), the so-called "trisomy 22" (t22), the intermediate cases (im) with cardinal symptoms of ces and t22, and some cases of mental retardation with rather unspecific symptoms are variants of the same disease entity ... | 1975 | 1165480 |
| brain ultrastructure in reye's syndrome. | cerebral biopsies were obtained for electron microscopy 48 and 72 hours after the onset of encephalopathy from a child with severe reye's syndrome. gravely ill at the time of craniectomy to relieve cerebral hypertension, the child survived and recovered good brain function; therefore, the biopsy findings appear to reflect the organelle pathology of the brain at a severe yet reversible stage in the disease process. the cardinal ultrastructural changes in the brain in reye's syndrome are astrocyte ... | 1975 | 1176996 |
| potassium and sodium ions in the glycerinated skeletal muscle. distribution changes induced by adenosine triphosphate and nondissociable anesthetic substances. | investigation of the ionic behavior of glycerinated muscle fibers showed that the residual structures of this biologic cellular material, lacking functional membranes, are able to discriminate between alkaline ions. the characteristics of the ionic selectivity of the glycerinated fibers change with their functional state and with the presence in the medium of certain nonionic substances. among the more important features of ionic distribution between the membrane-free fibers and the medium are t ... | 1975 | 1187818 |
| the early development of the lymphatic system in mouse embryos. | the early development of the lymphatic system was studied in embryos of an inbred strain of the laboratory mouse. during the first stage of its development the system is represented by a more or less regular series of small and blind-ending outgrowths of the major embryonic veins which develop in a cranio-caudalward direction from the jugular to the pelvic region. as a result of differences in growth rates of adjacent anatomical structures this series of early lymphatic primordia becomes subdivi ... | 1975 | 1217547 |
| studies on acute lung lymphatic edema. | the outflow from lymphatic vessels running along with the right cardinal bronchus was interrupted in six dogs by the removal of the corresponding hilar lymph nodes. after 6-8 days the right lung showed slight subpleural areas of atelectasis and edema. edema of endothelial cells of the lung septal capilaries was observed electron-microscopically. this lesion is similar to the findings in cases of mitral stenosis. | 1975 | 1223815 |
| expression of hox 2.1 protein in restricted populations of neural crest cells and pharyngeal ectoderm. | a polyclonal antibody, alpha hox 2.1a, was used to localize hox 2.1 protein in presumptive neural crest cells and nodose ganglion of 8.5-10.0 day p.c. mouse embryos. the following results were obtained: (1) the nodose placode, in its epithelial state, first expresses hox 2.1 protein at 9.0 d.p.c. by 9.5 d.p.c. presumptive migrating neuroblasts between the nodose placode and ganglion primordium also express hox 2.1 protein. (2) at 9.5 d.p.c., presumptive crest cells lateral to the cephalic cardin ... | 1992 | 1292750 |
| effect of ultraviolet irradiation on selected host cell proteins including ro/ss-a and epstein-barr virus in cultured lymphoblastoid cell lines. | although systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) and sjögren's syndrome (ss) are distinct collagen vascular illnesses, they share certain features. both have clinical manifestations involving skin and mucous membranes and characteristically have high titers of circulating autoantibodies to the cellular components ro/ss-a, calreticulin/ro, 52 kda ro and la/ss-b. viruses have been postulated to be involved in the pathogenesis of both diseases. sensitivity to sun is a cardinal feature of sle, and uv lig ... | 1992 | 1329799 |
| a method for the simultaneous and continuous monitoring of vascular tone and protein leakage in the synovium. | a technique has been developed to monitor changes in synovial vascular tone and leakage of macromolecules, two of the cardinal features of inflammation. the technique permits not only quantitative sequential measurements of the leakage of 125i-albumin from the circulation into the synovium, but also semiquantitative continuous monitoring of the leakage changes. it allows simultaneous continuous monitoring of changes in synovial vascular tone as well. vascular protein leakage was monitored semiqu ... | 1992 | 1336411 |
| tumor-suppressor genes: cardinal factors in inherited predisposition to human cancers. | a predisposition to the development of certain specific and familial cancers is associated with the inheritance of a single mutated gene. in the best-characterized cases, this primary mutation is a loss of function mutation consistent with viability but resulting in neoplastic change consequent to the acquisition of a second somatic mutation at the same locus. such genes are referred to as tumor-suppressor genes. classical examples are the rb-1 gene associated with the development of retinoblast ... | 1992 | 1336726 |
| pathogenesis of retinoid-induced hindbrain malformations in an experimental model. | among the findings associated with the human retinoic acid embryopathy are hindbrain defects including the arnold-chiari malformation. the human arnold-chiari malformation (acm) is a malformation complex where the cardinal feature is herniation of the caudal hindbrain into the vertebral column; it is frequently accompanied by lumbosacral myelorachischisis and hydrocephalus. mice exposed to all-trans-retinoic acid or etretinate on day 8.25 of pregnancy, produce offspring with hindbrain herniation ... | 1992 | 1342870 |
| [hantavirus infection with acute kidney failure]. | hantavirus infection was confirmed by history, symptoms and biochemical changes, as well as immunofluorescence test in 29 patients (24 men, 5 women; mean age 36.9 +/- 11.5 years) with nontraumatic renal failure (anf), retrospectively in 15 patients. cardinal symptoms were acute onset (n = 29), fever (n = 27), pain in the flanks, abdomen or head (n = 27), reduced glomerular filtration rate (n = 29), proteinuria (n = 25) and thrombocytopenia (n = 16). normal renal function was restored in all pati ... | 1992 | 1356086 |
| usefulness of clinical case-definitions in guiding therapy for african children with malaria or pneumonia. | the world health organisation has developed disease-specific clinical case-definitions to guide management of children with fever or cough, the cardinal signs of malaria and pneumonia. to assess the usefulness of the case-definitions and to investigate their interaction, we studied children with fever or cough brought to a hospital in lilongwe, malawi. for all children, a thick blood smear was examined for plasmodium falciparum parasites. chest radiography was done only for children with parasit ... | 1992 | 1359219 |
| [spinal cord sarcoidosis--diagnostic value of gd-enhanced mri]. | a 50-year-old man was admitted because of slowly progressive myelopathy for the last ten months without a correct diagnosis. the csf showed mild pleocytosis (predominantly mononuclear cells) together with elevated protein content. mri findings after administration of gd-dtpa were characteristic: diffuse swelling of the lower cervical and upper thoracic cord, multiple patchy enhanced areas in the cord parenchyma adjacent to meninges, and linear meningeal enhancement. based on these observations, ... | 1992 | 1424344 |
| behavioural endocrinology and reproduction: an evolutionary perspective. | it is a fact that those interested in immediate causation tend to be unaware of the great advances in evolutionary biology. similarly, most scientists interested in ecological and evolutionary questions ignore advances in neurobiology and molecular biology. quite simply, 'reductionists see little to be gained from holistic studies, and whole organism biologists do not recognize the value of molecular analysis' (prosser 1986). this philosophical gap and lack of communication between molecular and ... | 1992 | 1437214 |
| epilepsy and retarded growth in a hyperendemic focus of onchocerciasis in rural western uganda. | an unusually high number of patients with epilepsy was observed in kyarusozi sub-county, where infection with onchocerca volvulus is hyperendemic. a preliminary survey was carried out in april 1991, when all patients with epilepsy and growth retardation were invited for medical examination. two hundred and thirty one patients were screened, of whom, 91% were below the age of 19 years. the infection rate with onchocerca volvulus in patients with epilepsy (61%) and retarded growth (70%) was signif ... | 1992 | 1473507 |
| allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis complicating cystic fibrosis. | allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (abpa) is a hypersensitivity lung disease caused by bronchial colonization with aspergillus fumigatus that affects approximately 10% of patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). the diagnosis in cf patients is difficult because the cardinal symptoms of abpa occur frequently in cf, ie, pulmonary infiltrates and wheezing, as well as the frequent colonization with a fumigatus that leads to humoral reactivity. if left untreated, abpa leads to bronchiectasis and pulm ... | 1992 | 1475542 |
| the development of the uterine ligaments in human fetuses. | in 12 human embryos and 76 fetuses the uterine ligaments were investigated. the round ligament appears at 8th week and the broad ligament is observed in 19th week. up to 17th week the round ligament is connected with the uterine tube. it arises separately from the border of the uterus beginning from the 18th week. in fetuses of 11 and 12 weeks the broad ligament forms a thick plate enclosing vessels and nerves. the cardinal ligament appears at 10th week. | 1992 | 1478574 |
| ovalbumin aerosol challenge in actively sensitized guinea pigs: relationship between airway microvascular leakage and airflow obstruction. | airway inflammation is a common feature of asthma, and one of the cardinal features of inflammation is increased microvascular permeability. we investigated the characteristics of inhaled ovalbumin challenge-induced airflow obstruction and airway microvascular leakage in vivo in mechanically ventilated guinea pigs actively sensitized to ovalbumin. a method was used to quantify both airflow obstruction and airway microvascular leakage in order to investigate the relationship between these 2 patho ... | 1992 | 1485657 |
| postcranial morphological features of homozygous tetraploid mouse embryos. | the postcranial morphological features of 22 homozygous tetraploid mouse embryos were studied. the latter were produced by electrofusion of blastomeres at the 2-cell stage in vitro, and were transferred to appropriate recipients that were autopsied on d 12-16 of gestation. seven embryos were isolated on d 15 or d 16 of gestation and were developmentally equivalent to control diploid embryos of 13-14.5 d p.c. in each of these embryos, their sex could be determined from the histological analysis o ... | 1992 | 1487444 |
| opportunistic fungal and bacterial infection in the renal transplant recipient. | the risk of opportunistic infection in the renal transplant recipient is determined by the interaction between two factors: the epidemiologic exposures the individual encounters within the community and the hospital and a complex function termed the net state of immunosuppression. there are two general categories of opportunistic fungal infection in this patient population: (1) disseminated primary or reactivation infection with one of the geographically restricted systemic mycoses (histoplasmos ... | 1992 | 1498286 |
| neuronal multipotentiality: evidence for network representation of physiological function. | extracellular action potentials of single neurons in motor cortex and rectified and integrated electromyographic activity (emg) of gastrocnemius and anterior tibialis were recorded while a monkey performed isometric ankle plantar and dorsal flexion tasks. this study determined the consistency of neuronal behaviors across different tasks. methods characterized neuronal behaviors by determining which behavioral event within a single task, such as the appearance of the 'go' signal, force onset, or ... | 1992 | 1504816 |
| anti-idiotypic immune responses against adjuvant-free isologous igm monoclonal antibodies and their augmentation by complex formation between igm and albumin in bovine serum. | in previous studies we demonstrated that the hypermutated isologous myeloma protein mopc 315 (isotype iga; lambda 2) is recognized by t helper cells like an ordinary foreign protein antigen. to what extent can an immune system recognize and respond to v domains from the primary (pre-immune) repertoire? to study this question we made 21 balb/c hybridoma anti-2,4,6 trinitrophenyl monoclonal antibodies (mab) of igm; lambda isotype. all mab purified from supernatants containing fetal bovine serum ha ... | 1992 | 1537374 |
| participation of the intron in the reaction catalyzed by the xenopus trna splicing endonuclease. | introns have generally been assumed to be passive in the transfer rna splicing reaction. experiments have now been done showing that the endonuclease is able to cut a precursor provided that a base in the single-stranded loop of the intron can pair with the base of the 5' exon situated at the position that immediately follows the anticodon stem (position 33 in the yeast trna isoacceptor pre-trna(leu)3, position 32 in yeast pre-trna(phe)). the elucidation of the role of the intron reveals that in ... | 1992 | 1542788 |
| [food-borne botulism in 2 brothers]. | two boys with symptoms of food borne botulism are presented. confirmation of diagnosis relied on proof of toxin in the serum of both patients by the so called mouse neutralization test, whereas the emg showed negative results. both boys recovered fully without administration of equine antitoxin. differential diagnosis and treatment of botulism are discussed. signs of internal and external ophthalmoplegia, dry mouth, descending paralysis, obstipation with weakness, absence of fever and lucid sens ... | 1992 | 1560992 |
| treatment of fish parasites. 9. effects of a medicated food containing malachite green on ichthyophthirius multifiliis fouquet, 1876 (hymenostomatida, ciliophora) in ornamental fish. | for systemic therapy against trophozoites of the skin-inhabiting stage of ichthyophthirius multifiliis in ornamental fish, the latter were fed medicated food flakes containing malachite green once daily for 1-11 days ad libitum. naturally or artificially infected cardinal tetras (paracheirodon axelrodi), blue gouramis (trichogaster trichopterus), or clown loach (botia macracantha) were used in the trials. the fish were maintained in aerated 12.5- or 60-1 aquaria at 23 degrees c. ultrastructural ... | 1992 | 1589426 |
| neutrophilic alveolitis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. the role of interleukin-8. | idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is an immunologically mediated pulmonary disorder in which activated alveolar macrophages (am) and neutrophils play cardinal roles in the pathogenesis of the inflammatory lung lesion. the factors responsible for the induction and perpetuation of the neutrophilic alveolitis are not known. recently, a novel cytokine (interleukin-8) was described that is released by activated mononuclear phagocytes and a variety of other cell types, and it exhibits potent chemotactic a ... | 1992 | 1596015 |
| [the venereological profile in godthab district venereal clinic, nuuk, grønland. a 3-month study in 1991]. | a total of 803 patients participated in a consecutive review of the disease pattern concerning venereal diseases. the investigation took place in the clinic for venereal diseases in nuuk/godthåb during a period of three months. less than half of the contacts were on account of symptoms of genital infection. one fifth of the patients had been summoned for partner control. a corresponding proportion felt well and had not been exposed to any known risk of infection. chlamydia trachomatis was demons ... | 1992 | 1598723 |
| [diseases of the autonomic nervous system. general aspect of symptomatology]. | the human internal environment is regulated by the autonomic nervous system (ans), endocrine glands and neuropeptides as well as the integrated activity of these three systems. the ans is divided into thoraco-lumbar (sympathetic) and cranio-sacral (parasympathetic) divisions. they comprise two neurons: pre- and post-ganglionic fibers. the limbic system and hypothalamus are known to regulate the peripheral ans through descending pathways in the brain stem and spinal cord. cardinal semiologies of ... | 1992 | 1619749 |
| priming by platelet-activating factor of endotoxin-induced lung injury and cardiovascular shock. | platelet-activating factor (paf) is a glycerophospholipid known for its unusual potent vasoactive and proinflammatory activities. the present study examined whether paf might serve as a priming factor in endotoxin-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf alpha) synthesis, cardiovascular shock, and lung injury in anesthetized rats. intravenous infusion of paf (1 pmol/kg/min for 60 minutes, n = 5) alone or endotoxin (0.1 micrograms/kg i.v. bolus, n = 5) failed to alter blood pressure, serum tnf al ... | 1991 | 1647275 |
| clostridium difficile infection in adult hamsters. | diarrhea was encountered in a group of adult female golden syrian hamsters (mesocricetus auratus) used for titrating the scrapie agent. ninety percent of the cases occurred in animals over 210 days old even though animals of all age groups lived in the colony concurrently. the cause of diarrhea was investigated in both uninoculated animals and those receiving greater than a limiting dilution of scrapie infectivity, i.e., animals that were not expected to contract the experimental scrapie disease ... | 1991 | 1667195 |
| scrapie-associated prion protein accumulates in astrocytes during scrapie infection. | in the course of scrapie, a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy caused by an unconventional agent, a normal cellular protein is converted to an abnormal form that copurifies with infectivity and aggregates to form deposits of amyloid. we have used immunocytochemistry and methods that enhance detection of amyloidogenic proteins to investigate the types of cells in the central nervous system which are involved in the formation of the abnormal scrapie-associated protein. we show that this prote ... | 1991 | 1671170 |
| quaking*jimpy double mutant mice: additional evidence for independence of primary deficits in jimpy. | mice which have the genotype qk/qk*tajp/y, and therefore simultaneously express both the quaking (qk) and jimpy (jp) mutations, have cns white matter morphology intermediate between qk and jp with respect to amount of myelin, myelin structure, and oligodendrocyte number. the level of myelin basic protein in the cns is also intermediate; however, myelin proteolipid protein (plp) is virtually absent. thus in the qk/qk*tajp/y double mutant mouse the plp deficit is as severe as in jp alone but the o ... | 1990 | 1692389 |
| scrapie prion proteins accumulate in the cytoplasm of persistently infected cultured cells. | the cellular prion protein (prpc) is a sialoglycoprotein anchored to the external surface of cells by a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol moiety. during scrapie, an abnormal prp isoform designated prpsc accumulates, and much evidence argues that it is a major and necessary component of the infectious prion. based on the resistance of native prpsc to proteolysis and to digestion with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c as well as the enhancement of prpsc immunoreactivity after denaturation, ... | 1990 | 1693623 |
| early phenotype expression of cortical neurons: evidence that a subclass of migrating neurons have callosal axons. | the use of [3h]thymidine labeling in combination with various axonal transport tracers has revealed that a subset of migrating neurons in the fetal monkey cerebrum issue axons to the opposite cerebral hemisphere while still migrating to their final positions in the cortical plate. other cortical neurons with the same "birthdate" (i.e., that underwent their last round of dna synthesis on the same day) are not retrogradely labeled by tracer injections of the opposite hemisphere. these findings sug ... | 1991 | 1705036 |
| fulminant hepatitis in children: report of 12 cases. | twelve cases of childhood fulminant hepatitis seen over a 4-year period are described. six had hepatitis a, five hepatitis b and one non-a non-b hepatitis. encephalopathy, the cardinal feature of fulminant hepatitis, was usually evident within 2 weeks of onset of illness, and the median duration of illness in fatal cases was 19 days. deep jaundice, prolongation of the prothrombin time and raised serum ammonia were invariable. eight children died and the four survivors were critically ill before ... | 1991 | 1719918 |
| avian lower intestine adapts to dietary salt (nacl) depletion by increasing transepithelial sodium transport and microvillous membrane surface area. | a tissue sampling scheme for tandem assessments of whole-organ physiology and ultrastructure was applied to the lower intestine (coprodaeum) of white plymouth rock hens on low- and high-nacl diets. the objective was to correlate net amiloride-sensitive na transport determined using the ussing chamber with the plasma membrane surface areas due to microvilli at the epithelial cell apex. hens kept on the low-nacl diet for 3-4 weeks displayed a substantial increase in short-circuit current and in to ... | 1991 | 1742013 |
| comparison of four different ovarian stimulation protocols in an in vitro fertilisation & embryo transfer programme. | four different ovarian stimulation protocols were evaluated in an in vitro fertilisation and embryo transfer programme in 208 women (228 treatment cycles). in the rigid protocol (rp), 100 mg of clomiphene citrate (cc) was given from day 3 to day 7 of the menstrual cycle and 300 iu of human menopausal gonadotropin (hmg) was given from day 5 of the menstrual cycle. in the individualised protocol (ip) the same drugs and doses were used as in rp, but the day of initiation of cc depended on the lengt ... | 1991 | 1774091 |
| cerebral angio- and neuro-behçet's syndrome: neuroradiological and pathological study of one case. | cerebral angio-behçet's syndrome is extremely rare and pathological studies are scarce. we describe a 63-year-old man who developed left homonymous hemianopsia and hemiparesis 16 years after the onset of cardinal symptoms of behçet's syndrome. ct, mri and pet studies disclosed cerebral lesion with reduced neuronal metabolism in the right hemisphere, which was resolved by glucocorticoid therapy. cerebral angiography showed no filling of the right rolandic, anterior and posterior parietal and angu ... | 1991 | 1779234 |
| a unified hypothesis for three cardinal features of hiv immunology: authors' reply. | | 1991 | 1801824 |
| genetically determined variation in the azygos vein in the mouse. | the normal mouse is expected to have a single and left-sided azygos vein that develops from the paired embryonic cardinal venous system and drains most of the right and left thoracic walls into the left anterior vena cava. during routine autopsies of adult mice, most individuals of the c57bl/6j strain were found to have this pattern but a distribution of different azygos venous patterns was found in the wb/rej strain. in wb/rej the patterns varied from a single unpaired vein on the right side th ... | 1991 | 1805438 |
| sleep deprivation-induced dermatitis: further support of nicotinic acid depletion in sleep deprivation. | it is noted that some of the manifestations of prolonged sleep deprivation are similar to changes seen in pellagra. dermatitis is one of the cardinal clinical manifestations of human pellagra. prolonged sleep deprivation also typically induces a dermatitis in experimental animals. both dermatidities are histopathologically similar. it is plausible that both may have a similar etiology, i.e. depletion of nicotonic acid and products derived from it. | 1991 | 1809857 |
| the upper respiratory tract: mucous membrane irritation. | despite the widespread recognition that mucosal irritation is a cardinal feature of "sick-building syndrome," few data exist on the cause, natural history, or pathophysiology of upper respiratory mucous membrane irritation. the baseline prevalence of nasal symptoms among building occupants is often 20%, but in some studies it is as high as 50 to 60%. new techniques of nasal challenge and analysis of cells and mediators in nasal lavage fluid have proved useful in the assessment of rhinitis caused ... | 1991 | 1821376 |
| effects of prolonged inhalation of n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine in rabbits. | on the basis of its potent proinflammatory and spasmogenic effects, n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fmlp), a bacterial oligopeptide, is a putative mediator of bronchoconstriction and airway inflammation during bacterial bronchial infection. however, after an fmlp dose-response curve in rabbits, tachyphylaxis to a second challenge was seen in some rabbits and airway inflammation was absent. this study was designed to reproduce the more prolonged airway exposure to fmlp that may occur dur ... | 1991 | 1885438 |
| hypokinesia, rigidity, and tremor induced by hypothalamic 6-ohda lesions in the rat. | bilateral administration of 6-hydroxydopamine in the medial fore-brain bundle at the level of the posterolateral hypothalamus in rats resulted in hypokinesia, muscular rigidity and tremor as determined by various behavioral assessment procedures. these neurological signs were accompanied by marked decreases in the concentrations of dopamine and its main metabolites dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and homovanillic acid in both striatum and nucleus accumbens. administration of apomorphine (1 mg/kg) or ... | 1991 | 1901508 |
| polyclonal b cell activation by the eta-1 cytokine and the development of systemic autoimmune disease. | studies of systemic autoimmune disease have led to the view that initiation and progression of the disease process reflects chronic and sustained b cell activation by unidentified polyclonal activating agents. in earlier studies, we found that t cells from mrl/1 mice, which develop murine lupus, express very high levels of a newly defined t cell cytokine, eta-1. inasmuch as chronic and sustained b cell stimulation by t cells is a cardinal feature of mrl/1 disease, we determined the effects of th ... | 1991 | 1918998 |
| [generalized tendomyopathy (fibromyalgia): differential diagnosis, therapy and prognosis]. | the generalised tendomyopathy is one of the most variegated and fascinating disease of man. the unusual constellation and combination of symptoms constrain to the differential-diagnostic demarcation of a great number of rheumatic and non-rheumatic diseases. while the rheumatic polymyalgia and myositis are easily to be demarcated, the decision between a primary and secondary generalised tendomyopathy can be difficult. in individual cases a classical tendomyopathy can be accompanied by antinuclear ... | 1991 | 1926943 |
| angioblast differentiation and morphogenesis of the vascular endothelium in the mouse embryo. | bandeiraea simplicifolia b4 isolectin (bslb4) and polyclonal antisera against von willebrand factor (vwf) were used to study the origin of endothelial cells and their organization into blood vessels in the postimplantation mouse embryo. examination of bslb4-stained whole mounted and sectioned embryos revealed intense staining of the endothelium, highlighting large vessels, capillaries, and many individual cells. dorsal aorta formation was first obvious at e7 when many lectin-positive cells appea ... | 1991 | 1936575 |
| unusual cases of intussusception. | intussusception occurs most commonly in the first five years of life and is classically associated with intense intermittent abdominal pain, vomiting, bloody mucoid diarrhea, and a palpable abdominal mass. these cardinal findings are frequently not present, however, particularly outside the usual age range. the emergency physician must therefore be vigilant in considering intussusception as a potential cause for intestinal obstruction in all patients, if ischemic complications are to be avoided. ... | 1991 | 1940239 |
| polycystic ovary syndrome: interaction of follicle stimulating hormone and polypeptide growth factors in oestradiol production by human granulosa cells. | the mechanism of the ovarian dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome, the most common cause of anovulatory infertility, remains obscure. clinical data suggest that follicle stimulating hormone (fsh) action may be inhibited at the ovarian level by paracrine factors derived, presumably, from interstitial cells. the greater responsiveness to fsh of granulosa cells isolated from polycystic ovaries (pco) compared with that seen in cells derived from normal ovaries, provides some support for this hyp ... | 1991 | 1958541 |
| growth retardation in down syndrome in relation to insulin-like growth factors and growth hormone. | growth retardation is a cardinal characteristic of down syndrome (ds). it is most pronounced from the age of 6 months, when growth starts to become growth hormone (gh) regulated. ds children have normal serum levels of gh. gh regulates the production of insulin-like growth factors (igfs), which act as growth hormones. therefore, the serum igf pattern and the levels of their receptors were studied in fetuses with trisomy 21 and in patients with ds throughout life. serum levels of igf were determi ... | 1990 | 1963538 |
| scrapie and cellular prion proteins differ in their kinetics of synthesis and topology in cultured cells. | both the cellular and scrapie isoforms of the prion protein (prp) designated prpc and prpsc are encoded by a single-copy chromosomal gene and appear to be translated from the same 2.1-kb mrna. prpc can be distinguished from prpsc by limited proteolysis under conditions where prpc is hydrolyzed and prpsc is resistant. we report here that prpc can be released from the surface of both normal-control and scrapie-infected murine neuroblastoma (n2a) cells by phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase ... | 1990 | 1968466 |
| the role of chemical mediators in the pathogenesis of inflammation with emphasis on the kinin system. | in recent years, numerous agents have been recognized as inflammatory mediators. in this review, however, we discuss only those having direct relevance to human inflammatory diseases these mediators are clinically important due to their proinflammatory properties such as vasodilatation, increased vascular permeability, pain and chemotaxis. they may lead to the fifth cardinal sign, loss of function in inflammatory diseases. agonists and non-specific antagonists are used as pharmacological tools t ... | 1990 | 1971600 |
| cerebral malaria in children. | cerebral malaria is a rapidly progressive encephalopathy with up to 50% mortality. a cardinal feature is the massing of red cells containing mature plasmodium falciparum within the cerebral capillaries. adhesion of these parasitised red cells to endothelium, an event which may initiate cerebral malaria, is being studied at the molecular level. however, the relevance of these studies to the pathophysiology and treatment of human cerebral malaria is uncertain. although chloroquine is still widely ... | 1990 | 1978171 |
| a unified hypothesis for three cardinal features of hiv immunology. | | 1991 | 1984060 |
| the role of neutrophils and platelets in a rabbit model of thromboembolic stroke. | cerebral ischemia is accompanied by many of the cardinal features of acute inflammation such as neutrophil and platelet activation and accumulation. we sought to determine whether circulating neutrophils or platelets contribute to brain injury in a rabbit model of thromboembolic stroke that includes a fixed duration of superimposed systemic hypotension. we randomized 18 rabbits to receive either antineutrophil antiserum (n = 6), antiplatelet antiserum (n = 5), or nonimmune serum (n = 7). we asse ... | 1991 | 1987672 |
| lipopolysaccharide, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and il-1 beta prevent programmed cell death (apoptosis) in human peripheral blood monocytes. | human peripheral blood monocytes progressively lose viability when cultured in the absence of serum, cytokines, or other stimuli. in this study, we investigated whether monocyte death results from membrane damage (i.e., necrosis) or internally regulated processes [i.e., programmed cell death (pcd) or apoptosis]. our results clearly indicated that monocytes die by pcd when cultured without stimulation. death was associated with fragmentation of dna into integer multiples of approximately 200 bp, ... | 1991 | 1993844 |
| [xanthomas of the achilles tendon as the cardinal symptom of sitolsterolemia]. | the circumference of both achilles tendons had gradually increased over the years in a now 32-year-old man (diameter of the left tendon 4.5 cm, of the right one 3.5 cm). this finally led to exercise-related pain in both tendons. biopsy revealed benign deposition of xanthomata. serum total cholesterol concentration was 261 mg/dl. determination of various sitosterol fragments in serum gave a beta-sitosterol level of 43 mg/dl (normal range 0.3-1.7 mg/dl), characteristic of sitosterolaemia, which is ... | 1991 | 1997308 |
| forage-related nitrate toxicoses possibly confounded by nonprotein nitrogen and monensin in the diet used at a commercial dairy heifer replacement operation. | two clinically different episodes of nitrate toxicosis in heifers at the same dairy were evaluated to determine whether dietary supplements could have contributed to the confounding signs of illness. the first episode followed a 24-hour period of feeding mismanagement and resultant overconsumption of both a protein/nonprotein nitrogen supplement and a monensin supplement. this episode was characterized by ataxia, bloating, and death, without the classic clinical signs of dyspnea, salivation, cya ... | 1991 | 2026541 |
| apparent unilateral visual neglect in mptp-hemiparkinsonian monkeys is due to delayed initiation of motion. | monkeys made hemiparkinsonian by infusion of a solution of mptp into one carotid artery appeared to ignore food presented from the contralateral side. initial observations suggested neglect of visual stimuli presented as fruit treats by automated delivery system in the half-field contralateral to mptp treatment. further studies in which fruit treats were left in the 'neglected' visual field indicated that this apparent neglect, unlike neglect attending cortical lesions, was rather a marked delay ... | 1991 | 2029630 |
| classification of vertebral fractures. | although it is a cardinal feature of involutional osteoporosis, there is often disagreement on what constitutes a vertebral fracture. we measured vertebrae t4-l5 in 52 healthy women to develop a normal range (mean +/- 3 sd) for vertebral shape and used these data to assess the prevalence of vertebral fractures. we classified vertebral fractures by type of deformity (wedge, biconcavity, or compression) and further by the degree of deformity (grades 1 and 2). in 195 postmenopausal women who were a ... | 1991 | 2035348 |
| hepatitis in a family infected by chlamydia psittaci. | hepatic involvement is considered a rare complication of psittacosis. occurrence of icteric hepatitis as the cardinal manifestation of the disease has been rarely reported. we describe two members of a family infected by psittacosis, in whom icteric hepatitis was the prominent expression of the disease. the diagnosis of psittacosis was confirmed by isolation of the pathogen and by detection of serum antibodies to chlamydia species. no serological evidence for acute twar infection was found. chla ... | 1991 | 2061902 |
| is trisomy 18 increasing in sweden? an analysis of the syndrome during a ten year period and a comparison with a french registry. | this paper reports an analysis of trisomy 18 in sweden between 1978 and 1987 and a comparison with data from the rhône-alpes/auvergne registry in france. a strong maternal age dependency is seen, which parallels that observed for down syndrome. the patterns of registered malformations in the two data sets are quite similar. a progressive increase of the prevalence at birth of trisomy 18 is seen in sweden during the ten years but not in france. this increase seems to result, at least in part, fro ... | 1991 | 2071452 |
| acute inflammation: the underlying mechanism in delayed onset muscle soreness? | it is well documented in animal and human research that unaccustomed eccentric muscle action of sufficient intensity and/or duration causes disruption of connective and/or contractile tissue. in humans, this appears to be associated with the sensation of delayed onset muscle soreness (doms). during the late 1970's, it was proposed that this sensation of soreness might be associated with the acute inflammatory response. however, subsequent research failed to substantiate this theory. the present ... | 1991 | 2072832 |
| an early embryonic product of the gene shaggy encodes a serine/threonine protein kinase related to the cdc28/cdc2+ subfamily. | the product(s) of the gene shaggy (sgg) is required for seemingly unrelated events during the development of drosophila melanogaster. in embryos, maternal and zygotically derived sgg products are required initially to construct a normal syncytial blastoderm and later for normal segmentation. furthermore, in mutant animals a process of intercellular communication that is required for the segregation of the neural and epidermal lineage during the formation of the central nervous system and the adu ... | 1990 | 2118107 |
| diencephalon as a cardinal neural structure for mediating 2 hz- but not 100 hz-electroacupuncture-induced tail flick reflex suppression. | transections at two levels of the forebrain were undertaken in the rat to investigate the neural structures indispensable for the mediation of tail flick reflex suppression (tfrs) induced by low (2 hz) and high (100 hz) frequency electroacupuncture (ea) stimulation. removal of the telencephalic structures did not affect tfrs produced by high frequency ea, although a mild and temporal attenuation was observed for low frequency ea-induced tfrs. ablation of the whole forebrain (the telencephalon an ... | 1990 | 2157462 |
| acute bronchitis in the community: clinical features, infective factors, changes in pulmonary function and bronchial reactivity to histamine. | a descriptive study of acute bronchitis in patients without pre-existing pulmonary disease was undertaken in the community during the winter months of 1986-87. forty-two episodes were investigated in 40 individuals. the cardinal symptom was the acute onset of cough (100%), usually productive (90%). wheezing was noted by 62% of patients, but heard on auscultation in only 31%. a potential pathogen was isolated in 29% of cases with a virus (eight cases) being identified more frequently than either ... | 1990 | 2174179 |
| flavimonas oryzihabitans septicaemia in a t-cell leukaemic child: a case report and review of the literature. | we describe the first case of septicaemia with flavimonas oryzihabitans reported from germany and possibly associated with colonisation of a venous port system. the patient, an 8-year-old t-cell leukaemic girl, was receiving a third course of chemotherapy before bone marrow transplantation. the cardinal symptom, fever, subsided when the venous port system for administration of drugs was no more used. the organism was tested extensively for characteristic biochemical features and antimicrobial su ... | 1990 | 2181025 |
| effects of weight loss and reduced hyperglycemia on the kinetics of insulin secretion in obese non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. | impairment in pancreatic production of insulin, a cardinal feature of noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus (niddm), was quantified and the kinetics of insulin secretion characterized in six obese individuals with niddm before and after weight loss (18.0 +/- 3.0 kg, mean +/- sem) using a validated mathematical model that employs c-peptide as a marker of the in vivo rate of insulin secretion. the metabolic clearance of c-peptide, assessed by decay analysis after bolus injection of biosynthetic h ... | 1990 | 2189885 |
| [prevention of thromboembolism in para-articular femoral fractures of the hip--results of a prospective randomized study of heparin-dhe and ass-dhe]. | the effectiveness of prophylaxis of thromboembolism either by acetyl-salicylic-acid (asa) 0.5 g + dihydroergotamin (dhe) 2.5 mg three times a day or by heparin 5000 iu + 0.5 mg dhe (hdhe) three times a day was compared in 404 patients, elder than 55 years, with fractures close by the hip joint. effectiveness was proved daily clinical controls, perfusion scintigraphy on the day after admission, the fourth postoperative day and the day before discharge and by autopsy of the died patients. clinical ... | 1990 | 2200187 |
| eye references in the homeric epics. | after a short introduction to the homeric epics, the name of homer and the time and place where the poems were written, the authors refer to the terms of the eyes and to the verses where they are found. among these terms, the most important is the term omicron phi theta alpha lambda mu omicron sigma, the first term for the eye in ophthalmology, which has remained throughout the years unchanged. finally, they refer to the injuries of the eyes, the participation of the two sons of asclepios in the ... | 1990 | 2209362 |
| evaluation of the aids dementia complex in clinical trials. | the aids dementia complex (adc) is one of the most common and important causes of morbidity associated with infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1). the evaluation of adc in clinical trials is significant not only because of the clinical impact of this syndrome, but also because of the value of measuring its cardinal features as an index of drug efficacy and because of its emerging role as a major clinical end point. the objectives of therapy include both prevention of adc in th ... | 1990 | 2231303 |