| [a study of the preventive and therapeutic effects of alternanthera philoxeroides on influenza]. | | 1986 | 2942276 |
| [effects of alternanthera philoxeroides griseb against respiratory syncytial virus infection in mice]. | to investigate the effect of an oral preparation of alternathera philoxeroides griseb (apg) against respiratory syncytical virus (rsv) in mice. | 2007 | 17259148 |
| evaluation of chikusetsusaponin iva isolated from alternanthera philoxeroides for its potency against viral replication. | chikusetsusaponin iva and calenduloside e were isolated from the whole plant of alternanthera philoxeroides (mart.) griseb (amaranthaceae) and evaluated for their antiviral activities. chikusetsusaponin iva showed antiviral activities against hsv-1, hsv-2, human cytomegalovirus, measles virus, and mumps virus with selectivity indices (cc (50)/ic (50)) of 29, 30, 73, 25, and 25, respectively. on the other hand, calenduloside e showed no antiviral effects against any of the viruses tested. the mod ... | 2009 | 19277947 |
| effects of clonal integration on the invasive clonal plant alternanthera philoxeroides under heterogeneous and homogeneous water availability. | many notorious invasive plants are clonal, living in heterogeneous or homogeneous habitats. to understand how clonal integration affects the performance of these plants in different habitat conditions, an 8-week greenhouse experiment was conducted: ramet pairs of a. philoxeroides were grown in two habitats, either heterogeneous or homogeneous in water availability, with the stolon connections either severed or kept intact. under heterogeneous water availability, compared with ramets in homogeneo ... | 2016 | 27416868 |
| effects of periodically repeated heat events on reproduction and ovary development of agasicles hygrophila (coleoptera: chrysomelidae). | insect development occurs within a specific temperature range. constant temperature studies may produce misleading information on the eco-physiological impacts of temperature on the population dynamics of an insect species, as in most natural environments, temperature usually undergoes daily variation. in china, field surveys showed that the decline in the agasicles hygrophila (selman & vogt) (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) population from early august to late september in summer resulted in difficu ... | 2016 | 27270575 |
| accumulation of cr, cd, pb, cu, and zn by plants in tanning sludge storage sites: opportunities for contamination bioindication and phytoremediation. | tanning sludge enriched with high concentrations of cr and other metals has adverse effects on the environment. plants growing in the metalliferous soils may have the ability to cope with high metal concentrations. this study focuses on potentials of using native plants for bioindication and/or phytoremediation of cr-contaminated sites. in the study, we characterized plants and soils from six tanning sludge storage sites. soil in these sites exhibited toxic levels of cr (averaged 16,492 mg kg(-1 ... | 2016 | 27552994 |
| global warming increases the interspecific competitiveness of the invasive plant alligator weed, alternanthera philoxeroides. | global warming could accelerate the spread of invasive species to higher latitudes and intensify their effects on native species. here, we report results of two years of field surveys along a latitudinal gradient (21°n to 31°n) in southern china, to determine the species structure of the invasive plant alternanthera philoxeroides community. we also performed a replacement series experiment (mono and mixed) to evaluate the effects of elevated temperature on the competitiveness of a. philoxeroides ... | 2017 | 27720597 |
| effects of cu pollution on the expansion of an amphibious clonal herb in aquatic-terrestrial ecotones. | physiological integration can enhance the performance of clonal plants in aquatic and terrestrial heterogeneous habitats and associated ecotones. similar to nutrients, pollutants may be transported among connected ramets via physiological integration. few studies have examined the expansion of amphibious clonal plants from terrestrial to aquatic environments, particularly when the local water supply is polluted with heavy metals. a greenhouse experiment was conducted using the amphibious plant a ... | 2016 | 27736932 |
| evaluation of unclogging aspects in horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands. | in horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands (hssf-cws), the main operational problem is clogging of the porous medium. in this study, the unclogging of hssf-cws was evaluated, at rest, by adding a nitrogen-based nutrient solution to the influent. for this, six hssf-cws were used, consisting of two uncultivated (cw-c), two cultivated with tifton 85-grass (cynodon spp.) (cw-t) and two cultivated with alligator weed (alternanthera philoxeroides) (cw-a), which were fully clogged after being u ... | 2016 | 27763339 |
| physiological integration affects expansion of an amphibious clonal plant from terrestrial to cu-polluted aquatic environments. | the effects of physiological integration on clonal plants growing in aquatic and terrestrial habitats have been extensively studied, but little is known about the role in the extension of amphibious clonal plants in the heterogeneous aquatic-terrestrial ecotones, especially when the water environments are polluted by heavy metals. ramets of the amphibious clonal herb alternanthera philoxeroides were rooted in unpolluted soil and polluted water at three concentrations of cu. the extension of popu ... | 2017 | 28272515 |
| new anti-hbv c-boivinopyranosyl flavones from alternanthera philoxeroides. | c-boivinopyranosyl flavones have rarely been isolated from nature. in the search for anti-hbv (hepatitis b virus) constituents of alternanthera philoxeroides, two new compounds, luteolin-6-c-β-d-boivinopyranosyl-3'-o-β-d-glucopyranoside (1) and chrysoeriol-6-c-β-d-boivinopyranosyl-4'-o-β-d-glucopyranoside (2), along with three known c-boivinopyranosyl flavones (compounds 3-5) were isolated. their structures were determined by spectroscopic analyses including 1d and 2d nmr, hr-esi-ms, ir spectra. ... | 2016 | 26985888 |
| [in situ dynamics of phosphorus in the rhizosphere solution and organic acids exudation of two aquatic plants]. | a mini-rhizotron experiment with alternanthera philoxeroides and typha latifolia was conducted to measure the spatial and temporal dynamics of phosphorus in the rhizosphere solution. the organic acids in the in situ rhizosphere soil solution were analyzed. a decreasing phosphorus concentration gradient in soil solution toward the root was observed for both a. philoxeroides and t. latifolia. the phosphorus concentration in the rhizosphere soil solution of a. philoxeroides (2.53 mg x l(-1)) was lo ... | 2009 | 19799282 |
| [phosphorus rhizosphere depletion effect of four aquatic plants]. | four aquatic plants (alternanthera philoxeroides, typha latifolia, sagittaria sagittifolia, phragmites communis ) were cultured on p-enriched soil in a pot experiment to assess the phosphorus rhizosphere depletion effect and analysis the ratio of root to shoot, root morphology, phosphorus uptake efficiency and phosphorus use efficiency. an obvious variation in p concentration of the soil in the rhizophere and non- rhizophere was observed. compared with the non-rhizosphere (available p: 167.53 mi ... | 2008 | 19068629 |
| distribution and bioaccumulation of microcystins in water columns: a systematic investigation into the environmental fate and the risks associated with microcystins in meiliang bay, lake taihu. | for the purpose of understanding the environmental fate of microcystins (mcs) and the potential health risks caused by toxic cyanobacterial blooms in lake taihu, a systematic investigation was carried out from february 2005 to january 2006. the distribution of mcs in the water column, and toxin bioaccumulations in aquatic organisms were surveyed. the results suggested that lake taihu is heavily polluted during summer months by toxic cyanobacterial blooms (with a maximum biovolume of 6.7 x 10(8)c ... | 2007 | 17537477 |
| accumulation of cd, pb and zn by 19 wetland plant species in constructed wetland. | uptake and distribution of cd, pb and zn by 19 wetland plant species were investigated with experiments in small-scale plot constructed wetlands, into which artificial wastewater dosed with cd, pb and zn at concentrations of 0.5, 2.0 and 5.0mgl(-1) was irrigated. the results showed that the removal efficiency of cd, pb and zn from the wastewater were more than 90%. generally, there were tens differences among the 19 plant species in the concentrations and quantity accumulations of the heavy meta ... | 2007 | 17353090 |
| physiological responses of alternanthera philoxeroides (mart.) griseb leaves to cadmium stress. | aquatic macrophytes were found to be the potential scavengers of heavy metals from aquatic environment. in this study, several physiological responses of alternanthera philoxeroides (mart.) griseb leaves to elevated concentrations of cadmium (up to 10mm) were investigated. it was found that a. philoxeroides was able to accumulate cadmium in its leaves. the pigment contents decreased with the increase of the cd concentrations. the cd could induce rise of the activity of peroxidase (pod) at lower ... | 2007 | 17175077 |
| lead and zinc accumulation and tolerance in populations of six wetland plants. | wetland plants such as typha latifolia and phragmites australis have been indicated to show a lack of evolution of metal tolerance in metal-contaminated populations. the aim of the present study is to verify whether other common wetland plants such as alternanthera philoxeroides and beckmannia syzigachne, also possess the same characteristics. lead and zinc tolerances in populations of six species collected from contaminated and clean sites were examined by hydroponics. in general, the contamina ... | 2006 | 16214279 |
| [effects of alternanthera philoxeroides griseb against dengue virus in vitro]. | to investigate the effects of alternanthera philoxeroides griseb extracts against dengue virus in vitro. | 2005 | 15837655 |
| photosensitisation in dairy cattle grazing alligator weed (alternanthera philoxeroides) infested pastures. | | 2003 | 15080460 |
| [toxic effects of cd2+ pollution on the biochemical and physiological characters and ultrastructure of alternanthera philoxeroides]. | by imitating different concentration cd2+ polluted water environment, this paper dealt with the changes of some biochemical and physiological characters and the damage of ultrastructure in leaves of alternanthera philoxeroides. the result showed that sod and pod activity first increased in the low concentration pollution and then decreased with the concentration of pollution raised. the content of chlorophyll, chlorophyll a/b value, cat activity and the content of soluble protein all declined co ... | 2003 | 14733026 |
| [decomposition of herbaceous species in reservoir riparian region of three gorges reservoir under flooding condition]. | a total of 10 annuals and perennials of herbaceous species were investigated in reservoir riparian region of three gorges reservoir. the correlations between the plants' nutrient release rate and the substrate composition and structural matter were studied under flooding condition. the decomposition rates of different species differed substantially, with the maximum of alternanthera philoxeroides (decomposition rate constant k = 0.0228 d(-1)) and the minimum of microstegium vimineum (k = 0.0029 ... | 2014 | 25509072 |
| antioxidant capacity and total phenolic contents in hydrophilic extracts of selected bangladeshi medicinal plants. | to evaluate hydrophilic extracts from edible portions of fifteen plants for total phenolic content (tpc) and anti-oxidant capacity (ac) as an effort to find possible sources for future novel antioxidants. | 2014 | 25312185 |
| bioavailability of calcium and its absorption inhibitors in raw and cooked green leafy vegetables commonly consumed in india--an in vitro study. | the objectives of this research were to assess the bioavailability of calcium using equilibrium dialysis after simulated gastric digestion method in 20 commonly consumed green leafy vegetables (glvs) from the typical indian diet, provide data on the content of calcium absorption inhibitors, like oxalate, phytate, tannin and dietary fibres, and evaluate the inhibitory effect of these compounds on calcium bioavailability in raw and cooked glvs. cooking did not affect significantly calcium bioavail ... | 2015 | 25306367 |
| biochar from alternanthera philoxeroides could remove pb(ii) efficiently. | a novel bio-adsorbent was successfully synthesized by pyrolyzing alternanthera philoxeroides (ap), one of the most widely used hydrophytes for eutrophic lake ecological restoration under o2-limited condition at 600 °c. compared with commercially active carbon (ac), the initial solution ph had a weak effect on the adsorption of pb(ii) by ap biochar (apb). the maximum adsorption capacity of apb for pb(ii) was 257.12 mg/g, which was 5.3 times of that of the ac. the adsorption process was fast, with ... | 2014 | 25203230 |
| [alternanthera philoxeroides (mavt.) griseb protection against fetal epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus infection in suckling mice]. | it has been confirmed that alternanthera philoxeroides (apg) can markedly protect suckling mice from being infected by epidemic hemorrhagic fever (ehf) virus. after the infected mice were treated with the effective components their survival rate increased, pathological lesion and virus antigen in the tissues mitigated as compared with the controls. therapeutical dose of apg caused only slight deformation of the hepatic cells. | 1993 | 8105801 |
| inhibitor against the human immunodeficiency virus in aqueous extracts of alternanthera philoxeroides. | | 1988 | 3150731 |
| heterologous expression of an alligatorweed high-affinity potassium transporter gene enhances salinity tolerance in arabidopsis thaliana. | • | 2014 | 24824834 |
| [extraction of effective parts of alternanthera philoxeroides (mart.) griseb. and its antiviral effect]. | several parts of alternanthera philoxeroides were extracted by lead-salt sedimentation and double phase solvent extractive technique and their antiviral effects were studied. the results showed that extracts of petroleum ether, ether, and ethyl acetate have inhibitory effect on epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus (ehfv). the antiviral effective part is coumarin analogue. | 1989 | 2508673 |
| propagule pressure, habitat conditions and clonal integration influence the establishment and growth of an invasive clonal plant, alternanthera philoxeroides. | many notorious invasive plants are clonal, spreading mainly by vegetative propagules. propagule pressure (the number of propagules) may affect the establishment, growth, and thus invasion success of these clonal plants, and such effects may also depend on habitat conditions. to understand how propagule pressure, habitat conditions and clonal integration affect the establishment and growth of the invasive clonal plants, an 8-week greenhouse with an invasive clonal plant, alternanthera philoxeroid ... | 2016 | 27200041 |
| roles of clonal integration in both heterogeneous and homogeneous habitats. | many studies have shown that clonal integration can promote the performance of clonal plants in heterogeneous habitats, but the roles of clonal integration in both heterogeneous and homogeneous habitats were rarely studied simultaneously. ramet pairs of alternanthera philoxeroides (mart.) griseb were placed in two habitats either heterogeneous or homogeneous in soil nutrient availability, with stolon connections left intact or severed. total biomass, total length of stolons, and number of new ra ... | 2016 | 27200026 |
| warming benefits a native species competing with an invasive congener in the presence of a biocontrol beetle. | climate warming may affect biological invasions by altering competition between native and non-native species, but these effects may depend on biotic interactions. in field surveys at 33 sites in china along a latitudinal and temperature gradient from 21°n to 30.5°n and a 2-yr field experiment at 30.5°n, we tested the role of the biocontrol beetle agasicles hygrophila in mediating warming effects on competition between the invasive plant alternanthera philoxeroides and the native plant alternant ... | 2016 | 27094757 |
| oxygen absorption by adventitious roots promotes the survival of completely submerged terrestrial plants. | flooding imposes stress upon terrestrial plants because it results in oxygen deficiency, which is considered a major problem for submerged plants. a common response of terrestrial plants to flooding is the formation of aquatic adventitious roots. some studies have shown that adventitious roots on submerged plants are capable of absorbing water and nutrients. however, there is no experimental evidence for the possible oxygen uptake function of adventitious roots or for how important this function ... | 2016 | 27063366 |
| uptake, translocation and metabolism of decabromodiphenyl ether (bde-209) in seven aquatic plants. | terrestrial plant uptake of pbdes from contaminated soils has been widely reported recently. in this study the fate of deca-bde within a plant/pbdes/aquatic environment system was investigated through simulated pot experiments. accumulations of the total pbdes and deca-bde were observed in tissues of seven test aquatic plant species, namely phragmites australis, cyperus papyrus, alternanthera philoxeroides, colocasia esculenta, scirpus validus, acorus calamus and oryza sativa. in all seven plant ... | 2016 | 26994429 |
| submergence causes similar carbohydrate starvation but faster post-stress recovery than darkness in alternanthera philoxeroides plants. | carbon assimilation by submerged plants is greatly reduced due to low light levels. it is hypothesized that submergence reduces carbohydrate contents and that plants recover from submergence in the same way as darkness-treated plants. to test this hypothesis, the responses of plants to submergence and darkness were studied and compared. plants of a submergence-tolerant species, alternanthera philoxeroides, were exposed to well drained and illuminated conditions, complete submergence conditions o ... | 2016 | 27776170 |
| invasive plant alternanthera philoxeroides suffers more severe herbivory pressure than native competitors in recipient communities. | host-enemy interactions are vital mechanisms that explain the success or failure of invasive plants in new ranges. we surveyed the defoliation of invasive alternanthera philoxeroides and co-occurring native plants on two islands during different seasons over three consecutive years and measured the leaf nitrogen content and the c/n ratio of each plant species. to evaluate the effects of herbivory on a. philoxeroides, an herbivore exclosure experiment was conducted. we found that the mean defolia ... | 2016 | 27827418 |
| the invasive stoloniferous clonal plant alternanthera philoxeroides outperforms its co-occurring non-invasive functional counterparts in heterogeneous soil environments - invasion implications. | environmental heterogeneity is considered to play a defining role in promoting invasion success, and it favours clonal plants. although clonality has been demonstrated to be correlated with the invasion success of several species of clonal invasive plants in heterogeneous environments, little is known about how the spatial scale of heterogeneity affects their performance. in addition, the factors that distinguish invasive from non-invasive clonal species and that enhance the invasive potential o ... | 2016 | 27897247 |
| predicting plant invasions following china's water diversion project. | china's south to north water diversion (snwd) project connects portions of the yangtze river in the south to the yellow river system in the north, overcoming biogeographic barriers to water movement. the diversion will supply potable water to over 110 million people and provide multiple other socioeconomic benefits. however, an inadvertent negative impact of this connection includes creation of conduits for species invasions. alligator weed (alternanthera philoxeroides), water hyacinth (eichhorn ... | 2017 | 28059505 |
| species diversity and environmental determinants of aquatic and terrestrial communities invaded by alternanthera philoxeroides. | the impact of invasive species on native biodiversity varies across environments, with invasion effects of amphibious plant species across terrestrial and aquatic systems especially poorly understood. in this study, we established 29 terrestrial plots and 23 aquatic plots which were invaded by the alien plant alligator weed, alternanthera philoxeroides in southern china. we measured α-species diversity (shannon-wiener and simpson index), species richness and evenness, species cover and the impor ... | 2017 | 28069304 |
| vegetative propagation capacity of invasive alligator weed through small stolon fragments under different treatments. | the ability to propagate via small diaspores is crucial for the invasion of a clone plant that does not reproduce sexually in its introduced range. we investigated the effects of node and internode adjacent mode, fragment type, burial orientation and position of the node in relation to the soil surface on the sprouting and growth of alligator weed (alternanthera philoxeroides (martius) griseb.). all the factors had effects and interaction effects on the sprouting rate and growth. as a whole frag ... | 2017 | 28262788 |
| the relative importance of genetic diversity and phenotypic plasticity in determining invasion success of a clonal weed in the usa and china. | phenotypic plasticity has been proposed as an important adaptive strategy for clonal plants in heterogeneous habitats. increased phenotypic plasticity can be especially beneficial for invasive clonal plants, allowing them to colonize new environments even when genetic diversity is low. however, the relative importance of genetic diversity and phenotypic plasticity for invasion success remains largely unknown. here, we performed molecular marker analyses and a common garden experiment to investig ... | 2016 | 26941769 |
| gene expression reaction norms unravel the molecular and cellular processes underpinning the plastic phenotypes of alternanthera philoxeroides in contrasting hydrological conditions. | alternanthera philoxeroides is an amphibious invasive weed that can colonize both aquatic and terrestrial habitats. individuals growing in different habitats exhibit extensive phenotypic variation but little genetic differentiation. little is known about the molecular basis underlying environment-induced phenotypic changes. variation in transcript abundance in a. philoxeroides was characterized throughout the time-courses of pond and upland treatments using rna-sequencing. seven thousand eight h ... | 2015 | 26617628 |
| specialist insect herbivore and light availability do not interact in the evolution of an invasive plant. | release from specialist insect herbivores may allow invasive plants to evolve traits associated with decreased resistance and increased competitive ability. given that there may be genetic trade-off between resistance and tolerance, invasive plants could also become more tolerant to herbivores. although it is widely acknowledged that light availability affects tolerance to herbivores, little information is available for whether the effect of light availability on tolerance differ between the int ... | 2015 | 26407176 |
| phytoremediation of textile dyes and effluents: current scenario and future prospects. | phytoremediation has emerged as a green, passive, solar energy driven and cost effective approach for environmental cleanup when compared to physico-chemical and even other biological methods. textile dyes and effluents are condemned as one of the worst polluters of our precious water bodies and soils. they are well known mutagenic, carcinogenic, allergic and cytotoxic agents posing threats to all life forms. plant based treatment of textile dyes is relatively new and hitherto has remained an un ... | 2015 | 26386310 |
| emissions of no and n2o in wetland microcosms for swine wastewater treatment. | nitric oxide (no) and nitrous oxide (n2o) emitted from wetland systems contribute an important proportion to the global warming effect. in this study, four wetland microcosms vegetated with myriophyllum elatinoides (wm), alternanthera philoxeroides (wa), eichhornia crassipes (we), or without vegetation (nw) were compared to investigate the emissions of no and n2o during nitrogen (n) removal process when treating swine wastewater. after 30-day incubation, tn removal rates of 96.4, 74.2, 97.2, and ... | 2015 | 26289333 |
| phytoremediation of sulfonated remazol red dye and textile effluents by alternanthera philoxeroides: an anatomical, enzymatic and pilot scale study. | alternanthera philoxeroides griseb. a macrophyte was found to degrade a highly sulfonated textile dye remazol red (rr) completely within 72 h at a concentration of 70 mg l(-1). an induction in the activities of azoreductase and riboflavin reductase was observed in root and stem tissues; while the activities of lignin peroxidase, laccase and dcip reductase were induced in leaf tissues. some enzymes namely tyrosinase, veratryl alcohol oxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase displayed an increas ... | 2015 | 26164661 |
| recurrent water level fluctuation alleviates the effects of submergence stress on the invasive riparian plant alternanthera philoxeroides. | recurrent water level fluctuation and submergence of plants are common in riparian zones. our study objectives were to test the independent and interactive effects of submergence level and fluctuation frequency on a globally important riparian invasive plant, alternanthera philoxeroides. to this end, we conducted a greenhouse experiment, in which ramets of the plants, obtained from a wetland in china, were treated with four fluctuation frequencies (0, 3, 6, and 12 cycles over a 96-day experiment ... | 2015 | 26066509 |
| clonal integration in homogeneous environments increases performance of alternanthera philoxeroides. | physiological integration between connected ramets can increase the performance of clonal plants when ramets experience contrasting levels of resource availabilities in heterogeneous environments. it has generally been shown or assumed that clonal integration has little effect on clonal performance in homogeneous environments. however, a conceptual model suggests that integration could increase performance in a homogeneous environment when connected ramets differ in uptake ability and external r ... | 2015 | 26009243 |
| molecular phenotypes associated with anomalous stamen development in alternanthera philoxeroides. | alternanthera philoxeroides is a perennial amphibious weed native to south america but has now spread to diverse parts of the world. a. philoxeroides reproduces both sexually and asexually in its native range, but propagates solely through vegetative means in its introduced range. traits associated with sexual reproduction become degraded for sexual dysfunction, with flowers possessing either pistillate stamens or male-sterile anthers. degradations of sexual characters for loss of sexuality comm ... | 2015 | 25926842 |
| de novo characterization of the alligator weed (alternanthera philoxeroides) transcriptome illuminates gene expression under potassium deprivation. | as one of the three macronutrients, potassium participates in many physiological processes in plant life cycle. recently, potassium-dependent transcriptome analysis has been reported in arabidopsis, rice and soybean. alligator weed is well known, particularly for its strong ability to accumulate potassium. however, the molecular mechanism that underlies potassium starvation responses has not yet been described. in this study, we used illumina (solexa) sequencing technology to analyse the root tr ... | 2015 | 25846881 |
| isolation and characterization of a cryptogein-like gene from drought and salt-treated alternanthera philoxeroides roots. | alligator weed, alternanthera philoxeroides (mart.) grisb, is an amphibious plant with long thick fleshy roots that develop from adventitious roots under drought conditions. to clone differentially-expressed genes from the roots of a. philoxeroides we applied both mrna differential display and rapid amplification of cdna ends techniques. a cryptogein-like gene of a. philoxeroides, designated as apcl, was cloned. on the basis of semi-quantitative rt-pcr analysis results, we demonstrated that the ... | 2014 | 25048239 |
| isolation and characterisation of methanol-soluble fraction of alternanthera philoxeroides (mart.) - evaluation of their antioxidant, α-glucosidase inhibitory and antimicrobial activity in in vitro systems. | alternanthera philoxeroides (mart.) is a tropical weed commonly known as alligator weed. it grows rapidly within a small span of time and easily available all over the world. the objective of this work was to isolate and characterise the major phenolic components present in the methanol-soluble fraction (fraction x) of a. philoxeroides leaves and to explore the biological activity (antioxidant, α-glucosidase inhibition and antimicrobial) of the fraction in in vitro system. chromatographic (hplc) ... | 2014 | 24956019 |
| non-native plant litter enhances soil carbon dioxide emissions in an invaded annual grassland. | litter decomposition is a fundamental ecosystem process in which breakdown and decay of plant detritus releases carbon and nutrients. invasive exotic plants may produce litter that differs from native plant litter in quality and quantity. such differences may impact litter decomposition and soil respiration in ways that depend on whether exotic and native plant litters decompose in mixtures. however, few field experiments have examined how exotic plants affect soil respiration via litter decompo ... | 2014 | 24647312 |
| [impacts of human disturbance on the species composition of higher plants in the wetlands around dianchi lake, yunnan province of southwest china]. | introducing higher plants to build semi-natural wetland ecosystem is one of the key approaches to restore the wetlands and lakes that suffered from serious pollution and destruction. based on the investigation data from 128 quadrats at 26 sampling sites in the wetlands around dianchi lake in december 2011-october 2012, and in combining with the references published in the 1960s, this paper discussed the impacts of human activities on the species composition of higher plants in the wetlands aroun ... | 2013 | 24417101 |
| the invasive plant alternanthera philoxeroides was suppressed more intensively than its native congener by a native generalist: implications for the biotic resistance hypothesis. | prior studies on preferences of native herbivores for native or exotic plants have tested both the enemy release hypothesis and the biotic resistance hypothesis and have reported inconsistent results. the different levels of resistance of native and exotic plants to native herbivores could resolve this controversy, but little attention has been paid to this issue. in this study, we investigated population performance, photosynthesis, leaf nitrogen concentration, and the constitutive and induced ... | 2013 | 24386236 |
| the invasive wetland plant alternanthera philoxeroides shows a higher tolerance to waterlogging than its native congener alternanthera sessilis. | plant invasion is one of the major threats to natural ecosystems. phenotypic plasticity is considered to be important for promoting plant invasiveness. high tolerance of stress can also increase survival of invasive plants in adverse habitats. limited growth and conservation of carbohydrate are considered to increase tolerance of flooding in plants. however, few studies have examined whether invasive species shows a higher phenotypic plasticity in response to waterlogging or a higher tolerance o ... | 2013 | 24303048 |
| sequential loss of genetic variation in flea beetle agasicles hygrophila (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) following introduction into china. | the flea beetle (agasicles hygrophila) was imported to florida, usa and then introduced from florida into china in 1987 as a biological control agent for the invasive plant alligator weed (alternanthera philoxeroides). the initial beetle population was subsequently used for sequential introductions in other areas of china, but little is known about the genetic consequences of the introductions. in this study, the genetic diversity and population structure of five beetle populations, the source f ... | 2013 | 23956178 |
| climate warming affects biological invasions by shifting interactions of plants and herbivores. | plants and herbivorous insects can each be dramatically affected by temperature. climate warming may impact plant invasion success directly but also indirectly through changes in their natural enemies. to date, however, there are no tests of how climate warming shifts the interactions among invasive plants and their natural enemies to affect invasion success. field surveys covering the full latitudinal range of invasive alternanthera philoxeroides in china showed that a beetle introduced for bio ... | 2013 | 23640751 |
| effect of vulculic acid produced by nimbya alternantherae on the photosynthetic apparatus of alternanthera philoxeroides. | the effect of the toxin vulculic acid produced by nimbya alternantherae, on the photosynthetic apparatus of alternanthera philoxeroides, was investigated via the photochemical activity and sds-page of protein on thylakoid membranes, fast chlorophyll a fluorescence transient measurements and the jip-test. the electron transport rate of photosystem ii (psii), non-cyclic photophosphorylation activity, as well as the activity of chloroplast atpase and rubisco reduced significantly after vulculic aci ... | 2013 | 23434925 |
| phenrica littoralis (bechyné, 1955) (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) a potential candidate for the biological control of alligator weed, alternantheraphiloxeroides (martius) grisebach (amaranthaceae): redescription of the adult, first description of immature stages, and biological notes. | flea beetles of alligator weed, alternanthera philoxeroides (martius) grisebach (amaranthaceae), were collected in argentina, uruguay, paraguay, and brazil. species in the genera disonycha chevrolat, agasicles jacoby, systena chevrolat and phenrica bechyné were frequently found on this weed. phenrica littoralis (bechyn6) was the most abundant within this genus. the male is described and the holotype female is redescribed adding new diagnostic characters of the mouthparts, hind wings, metendoster ... | 2013 | 26473240 |
| [sediment and pore water nutrient characteristics in growing zones of alternanthera philoxeroides in the shiwuli river, chaohu lake]. | in order to investigate the nitrogen and phosphorus characteristics of sediments and pore water in growing zones of aquatic macrophytes (alternanthera philoxeroides), three classic representative sampling points in the planted alternanthera philoxeroides fields (i. e. sp1, sp2 and sp3) and one reference site in the seldom vegetation (i. e. sp4) were chosen along the shiwuli river, pouring into chaohu lake. fifteen sediment cores were collected and sliced in-situ with a thickness of 2 cm, and a t ... | 2012 | 23243853 |
| de-submergence responses of antioxidative defense systems in two wetland plants having escape and quiescence strategies. | fast recovery after de-submergence requires efficient protection against oxidative injuries. we investigated whether de-submergence responses of antioxidant systems differ in two wetland plants, alternanthera philoxeroides and hemarthria altissima, characterized by 'escape' and 'quiescence' strategies of flood tolerance, respectively. the antioxidant capacity was assessed in the two species during 10d of recovery following 20d of complete submergence (low light+low o(2)) or severe shading (low l ... | 2012 | 22884406 |
| [subcellular distribution and phytotoxicity of cadmium in alternanthera philoxeroides leaves]. | a hydroponic experiment was conducted to study the subcellular distribution of cd and mineral elements in alternanthera philoxeroides leaves and the leaves anti-oxidative capacity and chlorophyll, soluble protein, and phytochelatins (pcs) contents under the stress of different concentration (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 mmol x l(-1)) cd. with the increasing concentration of cd in culture medium, the cd content in all subcellular components of a. philoxeroides leaves increased significantly, and mainly ... | 2012 | 22803476 |
| evaluation of antinociceptive and antihyperglycemic activities in methanol extracts of whole plants of alternanthera philoxeroides (mart.) griseb. (amaranthaceae) in mice. | the present study evaluated the antinociceptive and antihyperglycemic effects of crude methanol extract of whole plants of alternanthera philoxeroides (mart.) griseb. (amaranthaceae) in swiss albino mice. antin(o)ciceptive activity was evaluated by attenuation of the number of constrictions in acetic acid-induced gastric pain, while antihyperglycemic activity was evaluated through oral glucose tolerance tests in glucose-loaded mice. dose-dependent and significant inhibitions in the number of con ... | 2012 | 22713945 |
| differential influence of clonal integration on morphological and growth responses to light in two invasive herbs. | in contrast to seeds, high sensitivity of vegetative fragments to unfavourable environments may limit the expansion of clonal invasive plants. however, clonal integration promotes the establishment of propagules in less suitable habitats and may facilitate the expansion of clonal invaders into intact native communities. here, we examine the influence of clonal integration on the morphology and growth of ramets in two invasive plants, alternanthera philoxeroides and phyla canescens, under varying ... | 2012 | 22558248 |
| effects of soil nutrient heterogeneity on intraspecific competition in the invasive, clonal plant alternanthera philoxeroides. | fine-scale, spatial heterogeneity in soil nutrient availability can increase the growth of individual plants, the productivity of plant communities and interspecific competition. if this is due to the ability of plants to concentrate their roots where nutrient levels are high, then nutrient heterogeneity should have little effect on intraspecific competition, especially when there are no genotypic differences between individuals in root plasticity. we tested this hypothesis in a widespread, clon ... | 2012 | 22207612 |
| phenotypic differentiation is associated with gender plasticity and its responsive delay to environmental changes in alternanthera philoxeroides--phenotypic differentiation in alligator weed. | phenotypic plasticity is common in many taxa, and it may increase an organism's fitness in heterogeneous environments. however, in some cases, the frequency of environmental changes can be faster than the ability of the individual to produce new adaptive phenotypes. the importance of such a time delay in terms of individual fitness and species adaptability has not been well studied. here, we studied gender plasticity of alternanthera philoxeroides to address this issue through a reciprocal trans ... | 2011 | 22125608 |
| physical connection decreases benefits of clonal integration in alternanthera philoxeroides under three warming scenarios. | physical connection between ramets usually allows clonal plants to perform better but can have the opposite effects in some cases. clonal integration and the effects of climate warming have been extensively studied, but to date little is known about how climate warming affects the benefits of clonal integration. we conducted a field experiment in which alternanthera philoxeroides segments with connected and severed stolons were subject to four climate regimes (ambient, day warming, night warming ... | 2012 | 21973262 |
| burial depth and stolon internode length independently affect survival of small clonal fragments. | disturbance can fragment plant clones into different sizes and unstabilize soils to different degrees, so that clonal fragments of different sizes can be buried in soils at different depths. as a short-term storage organ, solon internode may help fragmented clones of stoloniferous plants to withstand deeper burial in soils. we address (1) whether burial in soils decreases survival and growth of small clonal fragments, and (2) whether increasing internode length increases survival and growth of s ... | 2011 | 21912652 |
| norflurazon and simazine removal from surface water using a constructed wetland. | norflurazon and simazine are pre-emergent herbicides detected frequently in surface water associated with south florida agricultural canals and drainage water. this study investigated the potential use of a 1.34 ha constructed wetland for removing these herbicides from surface water. the total length of the wetland was 400 m and width was 35 m. a surface water flow rate of 740 l/min was maintained in the system using a pump. the plant community within the system consisted primarily of panicum re ... | 2011 | 21833732 |
| [triterpenoid saponins of alternanthera philoxeroides (mart.) griseb]. | in order to find the anti-virus constituents of alternanthera philoxeroides (mart.) griseb, the investigation was carried out. the paper reported the five triterpenoid saponins isolated from n-buoh fraction: 3-o-beta-d-glucopyranosyl (1-->3)-o-[beta-d-glucopyranosyl-oleanolic acid]-28-o-beta-d-glucuronopyranoside (1), oleanolic acid-3-o-beta-d-glucuronopyranoside (calenduloside e, 2), oleanolic acid-3-o-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-28-obeta-d-glucopyranosyl ester (chikusetsusaponin-iva, 3), 3-o-(6'-o-b ... | 2011 | 21751496 |
| compartmentalization and ultrastructural alterations induced by chromium in aquatic macrophytes. | the aim of the present study was to identify the sites of accumulation of cr in the species of macrophytes that are abundant in the cachoeira river, namely, alternanthera philoxeroides, borreria scabiosoides, polygonum ferrugineum and eichhornia crassipes. plants were grown in nutritive solution supplemented with 0.25 and 50 mg l(-1) of crcl(3)·6h(2)o. samples of plant tissues were digested with hno(3)/hcl in a closed-vessel microwave system and the concentrations of cr determined using inductiv ... | 2011 | 21562773 |
| effects of orientation on survival and growth of small fragments of the invasive, clonal plant alternanthera philoxeroides. | the ability of small clonal fragments to establish and grow after disturbance is an important ecological advantage of clonal growth in plants and a major factor in the invasiveness of some introduced, clonal species. we hypothesized that orientation in the horizontal position (typical for stoloniferous plants) can increase the survival and growth of dispersed clonal fragments, and that this effect of orientation can be stronger when fragments are smaller and thus have fewer reserves to support i ... | 2010 | 21049029 |
| recovery dynamics of growth, photosynthesis and carbohydrate accumulation after de-submergence: a comparison between two wetland plants showing escape and quiescence strategies. | the capacity for fast-growth recovery after de-submergence is important for establishment of riparian species in a water-level-fluctuation zone. recovery patterns of two wetland plants, alternanthera philoxeroides and hemarthria altissima, showing 'escape' and 'quiescence' responses, respectively, during submergence were investigated. | 2011 | 21041230 |
| an invasive clonal plant benefits from clonal integration more than a co-occurring native plant in nutrient-patchy and competitive environments. | many notorious invasive plants are clonal, however, little is known about the different roles of clonal integration effects between invasive and native plants. here, we hypothesize that clonal integration affect growth, photosynthetic performance, biomass allocation and thus competitive ability of invasive and native clonal plants, and invasive clonal plants benefit from clonal integration more than co-occurring native plants in heterogeneous habitats. to test these hypotheses, two stoloniferous ... | 2014 | 24816849 |
| shifting effects of physiological integration on performance of a clonal plant during submergence and de-submergence. | submergence and de-submergence are common phenomena encountered by riparian plants due to water level fluctuations, but little is known about the role of physiological integration in clonal plants (resource sharing between interconnected ramets) in their adaptation to such events. using alternanthera philoxeroides (alligator weed) as an example, this study tested the hypotheses that physiological integration will improve growth and photosynthetic capacity of submerged ramets during submergence a ... | 2014 | 24723445 |
| callus induction and plant regeneration in alternanthera philoxeroides. | to establish a successful in vitro plant regeneration system in alternanthera philoxeroides (mart.) griseb, an orthogonal design was used to investigate the effects of three factors (plant growth regulators, explant types and dark treatment in initial-stage), each having three levels. the effects of these factors and levels on callus induction and shoot regeneration were quantitatively evaluated by analysis of variance. the experimental results showed that the callus induction was significantly ... | 2011 | 20690042 |
| genome-wide dna methylation alterations of alternanthera philoxeroides in natural and manipulated habitats: implications for epigenetic regulation of rapid responses to environmental fluctuation and phenotypic variation. | alternanthera philoxeroides (alligator weed) is an invasive weed that can colonize both aquatic and terrestrial habitats. individuals growing in different habitats exhibit extensive phenotypic variation but little genetic differentiation in its introduced range. the mechanisms underpinning the wide range of phenotypic variation and rapid adaptation to novel and changing environments remain uncharacterized. in this study, we examined the epigenetic variation and its correlation with phenotypic va ... | 2010 | 20545886 |
| [constituents from alternanthera philoxeroides and their antitumor activity]. | to investigate antitumor constituents from n-butyl alcohol extract of alternanthera philoxeroides. | 2009 | 20067016 |
| physiological integration in an introduced, invasive plant increases its spread into experimental communities and modifies their structure. | what determines the invasiveness of introduced plants is still poorly known. many of the most invasive plant species are clonal, and physiological integration between connected individuals (ramets) of clonal plants may contribute to their ability to spread into communities and reduce performance of existing species. this contribution of integration to the invasiveness of clonal plants may be greater in denser communities. a greenhouse study was conducted to test these two hypotheses. high- and l ... | 2009 | 21622318 |
| photosynthetic acclimation is important for post-submergence recovery of photosynthesis and growth in two riparian species. | concomitant increases in o(2) and irradiance upon de-submergence can cause photoinhibition and photo-oxidative damage to the photosynthetic apparatus of plants. as energy and carbohydrate supply from photosynthesis is needed for growth, it was hypothesized that post-submergence growth recovery may require efficient photosynthetic acclimation to increased o(2) and irradiance to minimize photo-oxidative damage. the hypothesis was tested in two flood-tolerant species: a c(3) herb, alternanthera phi ... | 2009 | 19854720 |
| [effects of perchlorate on growth and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of alternanthera philoxeroides]. | perchlorate is a new emerging persistent pollutant, while no studies about its effects on plants have been reported both home and abroad. in order to explore the effects of perchlorate on growth and physiology of aquatic plant, alternanthera philoxeroides were treated by 1/20 hoagland nutrient solution with different concentrations (0, 1, 5, 20, 100, 500 mg/l) of clo4- under the controlled conditions. the results showed as follow. (1) under perchlorate treatment, relative growth yield,dry weight ... | 2009 | 19799312 |
| clonal integration supports the expansion from terrestrial to aquatic environments of the amphibious stoloniferous herb alternanthera philoxeroides. | effects of clonal integration on land plants have been extensively studied, but little is known about the role in amphibious plants that expand from terrestrial to aquatic conditions. we simulated expansion from terrestrial to aquatic habitats in the amphibious stoloniferous alien invasive alligator weed (alternanthera philoxeroides) by growing basal ramets of clonal fragments in soils connected (allowing integration) or disconnected (preventing integration) to the apical ramets of the same frag ... | 2009 | 19470119 |
| environmental risk assessment of compost prepared from salvinia, egeria densa, and alligator weed. | approximately 70,000 m(3) of salvinia (salvinia molesta) was removed from the hawkesbury-nepean river, new south wales (nsw), australia, during 2004. this study assessed the risks associated with applying compost prepared from aquatic weeds (awc) to land, namely, survival and spread of aquatic and terrestrial weeds, eutrophication of waterways, accumulation of heavy metals and phytotoxicity. the results demonstrate composting is an effective method of reducing the viability of aquatic and terres ... | 2009 | 19465724 |
| [effect of alternanthera philoxeroides on enzymic histochemistry of oncomelania hupensis]. | to investigate the mechanisms of alternanthera philoxeroides (mardus) grisebach in inhibiting oncomelania snails' locomotivity and killing effect. | 2009 | 19459492 |
| cytotoxic triterpene saponins from alternanthera philoxeroides. | four new pentacyclic triterpene saponins, philoxeroidesides a-d (1-4) were isolated from the aerial parts of alternanthera philoxeroides. their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1d- and 2d-nmr experiments and ms analyses. philoxeroidesides a-d (1-4) showed cytotoxic activities against sk-n-sh and hl60 cell lines. | 2009 | 19408151 |
| the growth response of alternanthera philoxeroides in a simulated post-combustion emission with ultrahigh [co2] and acidic pollutants. | although post-combustion emissions from power plants are a major source of air pollution, they contain excess co2 that could be used to fertilize commercial greenhouses and stimulate plant growth. we addressed the combined effects of ultrahigh [co2] and acidic pollutants in flue gas on the growth of alternanthera philoxeroides. when acidic pollutants were excluded, the biomass yield of a. philoxeroides saturated near 2000 micromol mol(-1) [co2] with doubled biomass accumulation relative to the a ... | 2009 | 19269074 |
| [ftir spectroscopic characterization of chromium-induced changes in root cell wall of plants]. | due to its wide industrial use, chromium is considered a serious environmental pollutant. contamination of soil and water by chromium (cr) is of recent concern. chromium mainly accumulates in root in plants, and the change in compounds of the root cell wall have a close relation with the cr accumulation. compared with the other identification methods, the identification of the chinese traditional and herbal drugs using fourier transform infrared spectrometer with omni collector is simple and con ... | 2008 | 18720803 |
| clonal integration affects growth, photosynthetic efficiency and biomass allocation, but not the competitive ability, of the alien invasive alternanthera philoxeroides under severe stress. | many notorious alien invasive plants are clonal, but little is known about some roles and aspects of clonal integration. here, the hypothesis is tested that clonal integration affects growth, photosynthetic efficiency, biomass allocation and competitive ability of the exotic invasive weed alternanthera philoxeroides (amaranthaceae). | 2008 | 18250108 |
| antitumor constituents from alternanthera philoxeroides. | two new compounds, alternanthin b (1) and n-trans-feruloyl-3,5-dimethoxytyramine (2), along with four known compounds (3-6) were isolated from the aerial parts of alternanthera philoxeroides. their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods. the antitumor activity of the isolated compounds was also evaluated. | 2009 | 17885837 |
| [removal of nitrogen and phosphorus in eutrophic water by jussiaea stipulacea ohwi]. | jussiaea stipulacea ohwi, a native kind of floating vegetation resembling alternanthera philoxeroides (mart.) griseb., is widespread in ditches, ponds and rivers of taihu lake basin. its growth habits indicate its potential use in aquatic ecological restoration in taihu lake basin. the removal effects of jussiaea stipulacea ohwi on nitrogen and phosphorus in eutrophic water were further studied in indoor experiment, as well as in field observation. the results of indoor experiment show that in s ... | 2007 | 17633164 |
| isolation of cdna clones for genes up-regulated in drought-treated alternanthera philoxeroides root. | alternanthera philoxeroides is one of the rather few amphibious plants that can normally grow in both water and upland conditions. adventitious roots of alternanthera philoxeroides seedlings will grow long, thick, fleshy during drought stress, which are assumed to improve performance of the plant by more efficient storage and extraction of water from deep soil layers. in order to isolate cdna clones of morphogenesis-related genes from a. philoxeroides roots, the seedlings were treated with droug ... | 2008 | 17574541 |
| [chemical constituents from herb of alternanthera philoxeroides]. | to study the active constituents from alternanthera philoxeroides. | 2006 | 17048605 |
| removal of ni(ii), zn(ii) and cr(vi) from aqueous solution by alternanthera philoxeroides biomass. | alternanthera philoxeroides biomass, a type of freshwater macrophyte, was used for the sorptive removal of ni(ii), zn(ii) and cr(vi) from aqueous solutions. variables of the batch experiments include solution ph, contact time, particle size and temperature. the biosorption capacities are significantly affected by solution ph. higher ph favors higher ni(ii), zn(ii) removal, whereas higher uptake of cr(vi) is observed as the ph is decreased. a two-stage kinetic behavior is observed in the biosorpt ... | 2006 | 16839675 |
| phytoremediation of small-scale oil spills in fresh marsh environments: a mesocosm simulation. | research was conducted to assess the impact of oiling on fresh-marsh plant communities and to test the efficacy of techniques that may be used to enhance the bioremediation of crude oil spills in these environments while minimizing secondary anthropogenic impacts. to emulate field conditions, a mesocosm facility was used that houses 120 mesocosm vessels, each of 200-1 capacity. a five-way factorial treatment arrangement was used that included two substrates (inorganic, organic), two nutrient reg ... | 2001 | 11570802 |
| accumulation of chromium and copper in three different soils and bioaccumulation in an aquatic plant, alternanthera philoxeroides. | | 2000 | 10874080 |
| distribution and mobility of copper, zinc and lead in plant-sediment systems of quanzhou bay estuary, china. | the distribution, mobility and potential risks of cu, zn, and pb in four typical plant-sediment co-systems of the quanzhou bay estuary wetland in southeast china were investigated using a sequential extraction procedure. the results show that the sediments were moderately or heavily contaminated with zn and pb in all four plant communities, and the plant-sediment systems could act as a sink for the heavy metals. in all investigated sediments, only a small proportion of measured heavy metals were ... | 2010 | 20734623 |
| salinity effects on photosynthesis and growth in alternanthera philoxeroides (mart.) griseb. | alternanthera philoxeroides, alligator weed, was grown at five different nacl concentrations to determine the effect of salinity on factors related to the net rate of co(2) uptake (p(n)). over the range of 0 to 400 millimolar nacl, p(n) declined 51%. stomatal conductance declined in parallel with p(n) and as a result there was no reduction in intercellular co(2) concentration and therefore no reduction in the amount of co(2) available for photosynthesis. the co(2) compensation point did not chan ... | 1984 | 16663731 |
| salinity effects on water potential components and bulk elastic modulus of alternanthera philoxeroides (mart.) griseb. | pressure volume curves for alternanthera philoxeroides (mart.) griseb. (alligator weed) grown in 0 to 400 millimolar nacl were used to determine water potential (psi), osmotic potential (psi(s)), turgor potential (psi(p)) and the bulk elastic modulus (epsilon) of shoots at different tissue water contents. values of psi(s) decreased with increasing salinity and tissue psi was always lower than rhizosphere psi. the relationship between psi(p) and tissue water content changed because epsilon increa ... | 1984 | 16663611 |