| characterization and regulation of bacillus thuringiensis cry toxin binding aminopeptidases n (apns) from non-gut visceral tissues, malpighian tubule and salivary gland: comparison with midgut-specific apn in the moth achaea janata. | bacillus thuringiensis (bt) crystal proteins (cry) bind to aminopeptidase n (apn) receptors on insect midgut membrane leading to pore formation and subsequent death. however, evolution of insect resistance to bt toxins threatens their long-term application. therefore, search for new targets which could function as cry toxin receptors is an immediate mandate. in the present study, two full-length apn cdnas were cloned from malpighian tubule and salivary gland tissues of the moth, achaea janata. b ... | 2013 | 24045122 |
| cloning, characterization, and expression of a new cry1ab gene from dor bt-1, an indigenous isolate of bacillus thuringiensis. | a new cry1ab gene was cloned from the promising local isolate, dor bt-1, a bacillus thuringiensis strain isolated from castor semilooper (achaea janata l.) cadavers from castor bean (ricinus communis l.) field. the nucleotide sequence of the cloned cry1ab gene indicated that the open reading frame consisted of 3,465 bases encoding a protein of 1,155 amino acid residues with an estimated molecular weight of 130 kda. homology comparisons revealed that the deduced amino acid sequence of cry1ab had ... | 2013 | 23224937 |
| identification of naphthol derivatives as novel antifeedants and insecticides. 1. | a series of β-naphthol-derived 2-aminobenzothiazolomethylnaphthol derivatives (4a-4q) were synthesized and purified in excellent yields (86-94%) using green protocols and screened for their antifeedant and toxic activities against tobacco caterpillar (spodoptera litura) and castor semilooper (achaea janata) using no-choice leaf disk and topical bioassay methods. four of them, 4d, 4f, 4i, and 4j, were identified to be potent antifeedants with ed50 values of 16.4, 19.3, 7.0, and 5.2 μg/cm(2) again ... | 2014 | 24956147 |
| response of multiple generations of semilooper, achaea janata feeding on castor to elevated co2. | the growth, development and consumption of four successive generations of semilooper, achaea janato reared on castor (ricinus communis l.) foliage grown under elevated carbon dioxide (550 and 700 parts per million ) concentrations in open top chambers were estimated at hyderabad, india. significantly lower leaf nitrogen, higher carbon, higher relative proportion of carbon to nitrogen (c: n) and higher polyphenols expressed in terms of tannic acid equivalents were observed in castor foliage under ... | 2013 | 24558800 |
| chemically mediated prey-approaching behaviour of the reduviid predator rhynocoris fuscipes (fabricius) (insecta: heteroptera: reduviidae) by y-arm olfactometer. | the reduviid predator, rhynocoris fuscipes (fabricius) (heteroptera: reduviidae) is a potential predator inhibiting diverse agroecosystems and preying upon about 50 minor as well as major insect pests. the prey approaching behaviour of r. fuscipes (fabricius) to the hexane extracts of insect pests viz., helicoverpa armigera hubner, spodoptera litura (fabricius), achaea janata linnaeus, dysdercus cingulatus fabricius and mylabris indica thunberg was assessed in y-shaped olfactometer in terms of e ... | 2013 | 24511748 |
| identification and characterization of midgut proteases in achaea janata and their implications. | insect midgut proteases are excellent targets for insecticidal agents such as bacillus thuringiensis cry toxins and protease inhibitors. the midgut proteases of achaea janata have been characterized and casein zymograms indicated at least five distinct activities corresponding to approx 17, 20, 29 and 80, and 90 kda. using a combination of synthetic substrates and specific inhibitors in casein zymograms, photometric assays and activity blots, three trypsin-like and one elastase-like serine prote ... | 2008 | 17891457 |
| effects of interaction of ration and temperature on growth and bioenergetics of achaea janata linnaeus (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | growth and bioenergetics of the last instar larvae of achaea janata fed on a wide range of rations of leaves of ricinus communis (ad libitum to 50 or 100 mg leaf per larva per day) at 22, 27, 32 and 35° c were studied. increase in larval mortality, extension of larval duration and decrease in final body weight were some of the adverse effects of restricted rations. whereas larval duration was influenced by ration level, pupal period was dependent on temperature. the larvae partially compensated ... | 1984 | 28310726 |
| role of corpus allatum on the modulation of feeding rhythm in the semilooper caterpillar, achaea janata (l). | a circadian feeding rhythm which may be entrained by photoperiod was found in fifth instar caterpillars of the lepidopteran, achaea janata (l.). allatectomy reduced the amount of food consumed; this consumption was significantly lower during the fifth instar in both allatectomized and sham-operated insects. an apparent circadian feeding pattern appeared on day 2 in the sham-operated caterpillars. topical application of the anti-allatin, precocene-ii (50 micrograms/animal) also reduced leaf consu ... | 1990 | 2097075 |
| characterization of a granulosis virus from the castor semilooper, achaea janata l. | the granulosis virus isolated from achaea janata is composed of capsules (463 +/- 25 x 280 +/- 22 nm) which contain single virus particles. the virus particles (274 +/- 9 x 95 +/- 4 nm) contain nucleocapsids (297 +/- 7 x 52 +/- 2 nm) within an envelope. the empty capsids measured 265 +/- 9 x 63 +/- 3 nm. sds-page electrophoresis was carried out and the granulin polypeptide (28.9 +/- 0.5 kda) was found to contain two other associated polypeptides of molecular weight 58.2 +/- 2.3 and 55.2 +/- 1.3 ... | 1998 | 9538027 |
| addition of organocerium reagents to morpholine amides: synthesis of important pheromone components of achaea janata. | readily preparable morpholine amides hitch in good yields with organocerium reagents to produce ketones. even in the presence of substrates and reagents with high steric hindrance, the organometallic compounds prepared from dry cerium(iii) chloride and organomagnesium or organolithium compounds at -78 degrees c add cleanly to morpholine amides. the low cost of starting materials makes this new scheme of synthesis very interesting for the preparation of biologically important pheromones. | 2002 | 12467411 |
| evidence for presence of female produced pheromone components in male scent brush extract of castor semi-looper moth achaea janata l. | hexane extract of male terminalia (along with scent brushes) of castor semi-looper moth, achaea janata l, elicited significant olfactory responses in both male and female insects by electroantennogram recording technique. however, male extract in the wind tunnel evoked noticeable behaviour responses in the female insects only. orientation response of the males to the male extract was not evident in wind tunnel experiments. two electrophysiologically-active compounds were identified from the male ... | 2005 | 15875717 |
| tissue localization and partial characterization of pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide in achaea janata. | female sex pheromone production in certain moth species have been shown to be regulated by a cephalic endocrine peptidic factor: pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (pban), having 33 amino acid residues. antisera against synthetic heliothis zea-pban were developed. using these polyclonals, immunoreactivity was mapped in the nervous system of achaea janata. three distinct groups of immunopositive secretory neurons were identified in the suboesophageal ganglion; and immunoreactivity was ... | 2005 | 15886455 |
| a new benzil derivative from derris scandens: structure-insecticidal activity study. | bioactivity-directed investigation of root extract of derris scandens has led to the isolation and characterization of a new benzil derivative (11), along with ten known compounds (1-10). their structures were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic (ir, ms, 1d and 2d nmr) data analysis and by comparison with the literature data. the insect antifeedant activity and growth inhibitory studies of these compounds were investigated against castor semilooper pest, achaea janata using a no-c ... | 2010 | 19969457 |
| is hexamerin receptor a gpi-anchored protein in achaea janata (lepidoptera: noctuidae)? | the process of uptake of hexamerins during metamorphosis from insect haemolymph by fat body cells is reminiscent of receptor-mediated endocytosis. previously, we had identified a hexamerin-binding protein (hbp) and reported for the first time that uptake of hexamerins is dependent on the phosphorylation of hbp partly by a tyrosine kinase, which is, in turn, activated by 20-hydroxyecdysone (20e). however, the exact nature of hbp and the mechanism of interaction are still unknown. here we report t ... | 2011 | 21799265 |
| intercropping for management of insect pests of castor, ricinus communis, in the semi-arid tropics of india. | intercropping is one of the important cultural practices in pest management and is based on the principle of reducing insect pests by increasing the diversity of an ecosystem. on-farm experiments were conducted in villages of semi-arid tropical (sat) india to identify the appropriate combination of castor (ricinus communis l.) (malpighiales: euphorbiaceae) and intercropping in relation to pest incidence. the diversity created by introducing cluster bean, cowpea, black gram, or groundnut as inter ... | 2012 | 22934569 |
| functional interpretation of a non-gut hemocoelic tissue aminopeptidase n (apn) in a lepidopteran insect pest achaea janata. | insect midgut membrane-anchored aminopeptidases n (apns) are zn(++) dependent metalloproteases. their primary role in dietary protein digestion and also as receptors in cry toxin-induced pathogenesis is well documented. apn expression in few non-gut hemocoelic tissues of lepidopteran insects has also been reported but their functions are widely unknown. in the present study, we observed specific in vitro interaction of cry1aa toxin with a 113 kda ajapn1 membrane protein of larval fat body, malpi ... | 2013 | 24244508 |
| limonoids from the leaves of soymida febrifuga and their insect antifeedant activities. | three new phragmalin-type limonoids (1-3) were isolated from the leaves of soymida febrifuga together with thirteen known limonoids. the structures of these compounds were established on the basis of spectroscopic data. all these isolates were evaluated for their anti-feedant activities in tobacco caterpillar (spodoptera litura) and castor semilooper (achaea janata) using a no-choice laboratory bioassay. among the tested, compounds 9 and 15 demonstrated the potent anti-feedant index (76.46 μg/cm ... | 2014 | 24412073 |
| inhibitors from pigeonpea active against lepidopteran gut proteinases. | the proteinase inhibitors (pis) active against bovine pancreatic trypsin, chymotrypsin, and insect midgut trypsin-like proteinases were found in the seeds of 14 cultivars and eight wild types of pigeonpea, cajanus cajan l.. the inhibitory activity of pis against trypsin and chymotrypsin, as well as their activity profile on gelatin-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) were identical among the various cultivars. in contrast to cultivars, the wild types showed differences in inhibitory activi ... | 2009 | 20069866 |
| a novel aminopeptidase in the fat body of the moth achaea janata as a receptor for bacillus thuringiensis cry toxins and its comparison with midgut aminopeptidase. | bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal crystal proteins bind to cell-surface receptors which represent a family of aminopeptidases [apn (aminopeptidase n)] present on the brush border membrane of insect midgut cells of susceptible insects leading to pore formation and death of the insect. we report here for the first time the presence of a novel apn in the fat body of the moth achaea janata. northern blotting detected at least one apn-specific transcript in the fat body, whereas two transcripts of ... | 2007 | 17402938 |
| synthesis and insect antifeedant activity of plumbagin derivatives with the amino acid moiety. | a series of plumbagin derivatives (4a-4k) containing an amino acid moiety were synthesized under mild esterification conditions in excellent yields (35%-80%) and screened for their antifeedant activities in tobacco caterpillar (spodoptera litura) and castor semilooper (achaea janata) using a no-choice laboratory bioassay. the parent compound plumbagin lacked significant activity, but the analogues were effective in reducing feeding by two insect species. the introduction of an n-acetyl-l-amino a ... | 2009 | 19530696 |
| characterization of bacillus thuringiensis strain dor4 toxic to castor semilooper achaea janata: proteolytic processing and binding of toxins to receptors. | we have isolated a strain of bacillus thuringiensis (bt) from indian soil samples that was shown to be toxic to achaea janata larvae. the isolate, named b. thuringiensis dor4, serotypically identified with the standard subspecies kurstaki (h3a3b3c) and produced bipyramidal inclusions along with an amorphous type. although the plasmid pattern of dor4 was different from that of the reference strain, a crystal protein profile showed the presence of two major bands (130 and 65 kda) similar to those ... | 2008 | 18437459 |
| cost-effective production of bacillus thuringiensis by solid-state fermentation. | production of bacillus thuringiensis (bt) was standardized on wheat bran based media in 250 ml erlenmeyer flasks. scale-up of bt production on the best medium in plastic tubs with aeration at 8 h intervals starting 16 h after incubation yielded a significant increase in spore count and toxin content of the product. maximum lysis of bt cells was obtained by 60 h of incubation at 30 degrees c. this protocol was suitable for production of bt strains and local isolates. the bt produced proved highly ... | 2005 | 15766933 |
| structural and functional characterization of proteinase inhibitors from seeds of cajanus cajan (cv. icp 7118). | proteinase inhibitors (c11pi) from mature dry seeds of cajanus cajan (cv. icp 7118) were purified by chromatography which resulted in 87-fold purification and 7.9% yield. sds-page, matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (maldi-tof/tof) mass spectrum and two-dimensional (2-d) gel electrophoresis together resolved that c11pi possessed molecular mass of 8385.682 da and existed as isoinhibitors. however, several of these isoinhibitors exhibited self association tendency to form s ... | 2014 | 25093261 |
| lepidopteran insect susceptibility to silver nanoparticles and measurement of changes in their growth, development and physiology. | increased use of nanomaterials in various fields of science has lead for the need to study the impact of nanomaterial on the environment in general and on insect and plant life in particular. we studied the impact of silver nanoparticles (agnps) on growth and feeding responses of two lepidopteran pests of castor plant (ricinus communis l.) namely asian armyworm, spodoptera litura f. and castor semilooper, achaea janata l. larvae were fed with pvp coated-agnps treated castor leaf at different con ... | 2015 | 25482980 |
| molecular and in silico characterization of achaea janata granulovirus granulin gene. | achaea janata granulovirus (acjagv), an insect virus belonging to baculoviridae, infects semilooper, a widely distributed defoliating pest on castor beans (ricinus communis l.) and several other plant hosts in india. the propagation and purification of the hyderabad isolate acjagv were performed, granulin gene from this isolate was amplified, cloned and sequenced, and its homology with other known granulin genes was assessed. the 753-bp granulin orf of acjagv encoded for a granulin protein of 25 ... | 2016 | 26984814 |
| differential oxidative stress responses in castor semilooper, achaea janata. | balance between reactive oxygen species (ros) and the antioxidant (ao) defense mechanisms is vital for organism survival. insects serve as an ideal model to elucidate oxidative stress responses as they are prone to different kinds of stress during their life cycle. the present study demonstrates the modulation of ao enzyme gene expression in the insect pest, achaea janata (castor semilooper), when subjected to different oxidative stress stimuli. antioxidant enzymes' (catalase (cat), superoxide d ... | 2015 | 26455997 |