| reclassification of bacteroides distasonis, bacteroides goldsteinii and bacteroides merdae as parabacteroides distasonis gen. nov., comb. nov., parabacteroides goldsteinii comb. nov. and parabacteroides merdae comb. nov. | the characteristics of three bacteroides species, bacteroides distasonis, bacteroides goldsteinii and bacteroides merdae, were examined. 16s rrna gene sequence analysis showed that b. distasonis, b. goldsteinii and b. merdae should not be classified as species within the genus bacteroides. although b. distasonis, b. goldsteinii and b. merdae were phylogenetically related to tannerella forsythensis, the ratios of anteiso-c(15 : 0) to iso-c(15 : 0) in whole-cell methanolysates of the three species ... | 2006 | 16825636 |
| parabacteroides johnsonii sp. nov., isolated from human faeces. | a bacterial strain isolated from human faeces, m-165t, was characterized in terms of its phenotypic and biochemical features, cellular fatty acid profile, menaquinone profile and phylogenetic position (based on 16s rrna gene sequence analysis). a 16s rrna gene sequence analysis showed that the isolate was a member of the genus parabacteroides. strain m-165t was closely related to parabacteroides merdae strains, showing 98 % sequence similarity. the strain was obligately anaerobic, non-pigmented, ... | 2007 | 17267966 |
| adherence and invasion of bacteroidales isolated from the human intestinal tract. | members of the genera bacteroides and parabacteroides are important constituents of both human and animal intestinal microbiota, and are significant facultative pathogens. in this study, the ability of bacteroides spp. and parabacteroides distasonis isolated from both diarrhoeal and normal stools (n = 114) to adhere to and invade hep-2 cells was evaluated. the presence of putative virulence factors such as capsule and fimbriae was also investigated. adherence to hep-2 cells was observed in 75.4% ... | 2008 | 18828854 |
| detection of resistance genes and susceptibility patterns in bacteroides and parabacteroides strains. | susceptibility to five antimicrobials was determined for bacteroides spp. (n = 52) and parabacteroides distasonis (n = 8). all isolates were susceptible to metronidazole. the resistance rates to ampicillin, cefoxitin, tetracycline and clindamycin were 98%, 9.6%, 65.3% and 19.2% of the bacteroides strains, respectively. the genes cepa, cfia, cfxa, tetq, ermf and nim were found in 69.2%, 17.3% 9.6%, 50%, 7.7% and 3.8% for these strains respectively. all p. distasonis strains were resistant to ampi ... | 2010 | 20159050 |
| isolation of bacteria from mouse caecal samples and description of bacteroides sartorii sp. nov. | caecal samples from wild-type and tnf(deltaare) mice were cultured on selective media containing bile salts, amino acids or casein macro-peptides. twenty-two strains were isolated and identified by 16s rrna gene sequencing. twenty-one strains showed >98% similarity to known bacteria (blautia spp., clostridium innocuum, enterococcus spp., escherichia coli, lactobacillus murinus, parabacteroides goldsteinii and shigella dysenteriae). one additional isolate, strain a-c2-0, was a new bacterium. the ... | 2010 | 20369227 |
| oral administration of parabacteroides distasonis antigens attenuates experimental murine colitis through modulation of immunity and microbiota composition. | commensal bacteria have been shown to modulate the host mucosal immune system. here, we report that oral treatment of balb/c mice with components from the commensal, parabacteroides distasonis, significantly reduces the severity of intestinal inflammation in murine models of acute and chronic colitis induced by dextran sulphate sodium (dss). the membranous fraction of p. distasonis (mpd) prevented dss-induced increases in several proinflammatory cytokines, increased mpd-specific serum antibodies ... | 2010 | 21087444 |
| resistant starches types 2 and 4 have differential effects on the composition of the fecal microbiota in human subjects. | to systematically develop dietary strategies based on resistant starch (rs) that modulate the human gut microbiome, detailed in vivo studies that evaluate the effects of different forms of rs on the community structure and population dynamics of the gut microbiota are necessary. the aim of the present study was to gain a community wide perspective of the effects of rs types 2 (rs2) and 4 (rs4) on the fecal microbiota in human individuals. | 2010 | 21151493 |
| dietary resistant and butyrylated starches have different effects on the faecal bacterial flora of azoxymethane-treated rats. | epidemiological studies have suggested that dietary fibre lowers the risk of colorectal cancer, which may be due to increased butyrate production from colonic fermentation of a type of fibre, resistant starch (rs). the present study investigated the effects of dietary rs and butyrylated rs on the faecal microbiota of rats treated with azoxymethane. a total of four groups of nine rats were fed diets containing either standard maize starch (low-amylose maize starch (lams), low rs), lams with 3 % t ... | 2011 | 21255474 |
| Asp- and Glu-specific novel dipeptidyl peptidase 11 of Porphyromonas gingivalis ensures utilization of proteinaceous energy sources. | Porphyromonas gingivalis and Porphyromonas endodontalis, asaccharolytic black-pigmented anaerobes, are predominant pathogens of human chronic and periapical periodontitis, respectively. They incorporate di- and tripeptides from the environment as carbon and energy sources. In the present study we cloned a novel dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP) gene of P. endodontalis ATCC 35406, designated as DPP11. The DPP11 gene encoded 717 amino acids with a molecular mass of 81,090 Da and was present as a 75-kDa f ... | 2011 | 21896480 |
| a closer look at bacteroides: phylogenetic relationship and genomic implications of a life in the human gut. | the human gut is extremely densely inhabited by bacteria mainly from two phyla, bacteroidetes and firmicutes, and there is a great interest in analyzing whole-genome sequences for these species because of their relation to human health and disease. here, we do whole-genome comparison of 105 bacteroidetes/chlorobi genomes to elucidate their phylogenetic relationship and to gain insight into what is separating the gut living bacteroides and parabacteroides genera from other bacteroidetes/chlorobi ... | 2011 | 21222211 |
| identification and characterization of a novel fumarase gene by metagenome expression cloning from marine microorganisms. | fumarase catalyzes the reversible hydration of fumarate to l-malate and is a key enzyme in the tricarboxylic acid (tca) cycle and in amino acid metabolism. fumarase is also used for the industrial production of l-malate from the substrate fumarate. thermostable and high-activity fumarases from organisms that inhabit extreme environments may have great potential in industry, biotechnology, and basic research. the marine environment is highly complex and considered one of the main reservoirs of mi ... | 2010 | 21092234 |
| ulcerative colitis and irritable bowel patients exhibit distinct abnormalities of the gut microbiota. | previous studies suggest a link between gut microbiota and the development of ulcerative colitis (uc) and irritable bowel syndrome (ibs). our aim was to investigate any quantitative differences in faecal bacterial compositions in uc and ibs patients compared to healthy controls, and to identify individual bacterial species that contribute to these differences. | 2010 | 21073731 |
| usefulness of the hsp60 gene for the identification and classification of gram-negative anaerobic rods. | the hsp60 gene sequences were determined for 121 strains of gram-negative anaerobic rods, including the genera bacteroides, barnesiella, butyricimonas, odoribacter, parabacteroides, paraprevotella, porphyromonas, prevotella and tannerella. the mean pairwise hsp60 gene sequence similarity (73.8-97.1 %) between species in each genus, except for the genus tannerella that comprises one species, was significantly less than that of the 16s rrna gene sequence (88.3-96.3 %). only pairwise hsp60 gene seq ... | 2010 | 20671088 |
| first report of parabacteroides goldsteinii bacteraemia in a patient with complicated intra-abdominal infection. | using 16s rrna sequence analysis, we report the first isolation of parabacteroides goldsteinii as a monobacterial isolate from blood culture in a patient with abdominal sepsis. p. goldsteinii phenotypically resembles parabacteroides merdae and parabacteroides distasonis and may be misidentified by commonly used enzymatic systems, suggesting that it may be more frequently present in clinical specimens than previously appreciated but either misidentified or ignored. | 2010 | 20139022 |
| parabacteroides gordonii sp. nov., isolated from human blood cultures. | three bacterial strains that had been isolated from human blood cultures, ms-1(t), ms-2 and ms-3, were characterized for their phenotypic and biochemical features, cellular fatty acid profiles, menaquinone profiles and phylogenetic positions based on 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. 16s rrna gene sequence analysis showed that the isolates were members of the genus parabacteroides. these isolates were most closely related to parabacteroides goldsteinii jcm 13446(t), with 95.9 % 16s rrna gene sequ ... | 2009 | 19628614 |
| phocaeicola abscessus gen. nov., sp. nov., an anaerobic bacterium isolated from a human brain abscess sample. | a strictly anaerobic bacterial strain, 7401987t, was isolated from a human brain abscess sample. cells were gram-negative, non-spore-forming, coccoid to rod-shaped and motile by flagella in a lophotrichous arrangement. the isolate was asaccharolytic and the major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-c15:0 (28.2%), c16:0 (18.0%), iso-c15:0 (12.3%) and iso-c17:0 3-oh (11.7%). 16s rrna gene sequence comparisons showed that the isolate was distantly related to members of the genera bacteroides (<83.6% ... | 2009 | 19620382 |
| butyricimonas synergistica gen. nov., sp. nov. and butyricimonas virosa sp. nov., butyric acid-producing bacteria in the family 'porphyromonadaceae' isolated from rat faeces. | two bacterial strains, designated mt01(t) and mt12(t), isolated from rat faeces were characterized by using a polyphasic taxonomic approach that included analysis of their phenotypic and biochemical features, cellular fatty acid profiles, menaquinone profiles and phylogeny based on 16s rrna gene sequences. the 16s rrna gene sequence analysis showed that these strains were members of the family 'porphyromonadaceae'. the strains shared 94 % 16s rrna gene sequence similarity with each other and wer ... | 2009 | 19542124 |
| antibacterial activity of human defensins on anaerobic intestinal bacterial species: a major role of hbd-3. | defensins are natural mucosal antimicrobial peptides and their broad spectrum activity against aerobic or facultative anaerobic bacteria has been well investigated. the aim of this study was to systematically examine the antibacterial activity of the small intestinal paneth cell derived alpha-defensin hd5 and the major colonic beta-defensins hbd-1-3 against strict anaerobic intestinal bacteria. the antibacterial activity was assessed with a flow cytometric assay employing a membrane potential se ... | 2009 | 19397883 |
| bacteroidales diversity in ring-billed gulls (laurus delawarensis) residing at lake michigan beaches. | this study investigated the occurrence and diversity of bacteroidales fecal bacteria in gulls residing in the great lakes region. members of this bacterial order have been widely employed as human and bovine host-specific markers of fecal pollution; however, few studies have focused on gulls, which can be a major source of fecal indicator bacteria and pathogens at beaches. we found a low but consistent occurrence of bacteroidales in gulls at five beaches in three different counties spanning the ... | 2009 | 19151182 |
| elevated systemic antibodies towards commensal gut microbiota in autoinflammatory condition. | familial mediterranean fever (fmf) is an autoinflammatory condition, which is characterized by acute, self-limiting episodes of fever and serositis and chronic subclinical inflammation in remission. here we investigated the consequence of this condition on the level of systemic antibodies directed towards common intestinal bacteria. | 2008 | 18779861 |
| bacteroides (parabacteroides) distasonis splenic abscess in a sickle cell patient. | splenic abscess is not an uncommon complication of patients with sickle-cell disease. here we describe an 18 year-old boy with sickle cell disease and left upper quadrant abdominal pain. computerized axial tomography revealed left sided free flowing pleural effusion and splenomegaly with liquefaction and possible gas formation. the splenic fluid grew an unusual organism known as bacteroides distasonis. the patient received antimicrobial therapy and underwent a splenectomy with full recovery. the ... | 2008 | 18176010 |
| phase-variable expression of a family of glycoproteins imparts a dynamic surface to a symbiont in its human intestinal ecosystem. | the recent report of the synthesis of glycoproteins by the abundant intestinal symbionts bacteroides showed that these organisms use a novel bacterial enzyme to decorate their surfaces with a sugar residue derived from their environment. as a first step in understanding the importance of these glycoproteins to the bacteria and to the bacterial-host symbiosis, we identified and characterized the abundant glycoproteins of bacteroides distasonis (proposed reclassification as parabacteroides distaso ... | 2007 | 17284602 |
| barnesiella viscericola gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family porphyromonadaceae isolated from chicken caecum. | two bacterial strains isolated from chicken caecum, c46t and c47, were characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach that included analysis of the phenotypic and biochemical features, cellular fatty acid profiles, menaquinone profiles and phylogenetic position (using 16s rrna gene sequence analysis). the 16s rrna gene sequence analysis showed that these strains belonged to the family porphyromonadaceae. these strains shared 100 % 16s rrna gene sequence similarity with each other and were r ... | 2007 | 17267976 |
| species composition of bacteroidales order bacteria in the feces of healthy people of various ages. | a study of species distribution of numerically predominant bacteroidales order isolates in feces of healthy people aged 1-33 years was accomplished using a combination of amplified ribosomal dna restriction analysis (ardra) and 16s ribosomal dna (rdna) sequencing. it was found that the majority of isolates in all age groups belonged to species b. xylanisolvens, b. vulgatus, and b. uniformis. members of genera alistipes, parabacteroides, odoribacter, barnesiella, and prevotella were also detected ... | 2012 | 22232251 |
| parabacteroides chartae sp. nov., an obligately anaerobic species from wastewater of a paper mill. | a bacterial strain named ns31-3(t) was isolated from the wastewater of a paper mill. the isolate was obligately anaerobic, non-pigmented, non-motile, gram-negative and short rod-shaped with 2.0-2.8 µm in width, 2.3-4.7 µm in length. the strain was able to grow on media containing 20% bile salts. api 20a tests showed that acid was produced from glucose, lactose, sucrose, maltose, d-xylose, l-arabinose, cellobiose, d-mannose, d-melizitose,d-raffinose, d-trehalose, d-mannitol, salicin and d-sorbito ... | 2011 | 22199215 |
| macellibacteroides fermentans gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family porphyromonadaceae isolated from an upflow anaerobic filter treating abattoir wastewaters. | a novel obligately anaerobic, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped mesophilic bacterium staining gram-positive but showing the typical cell wall structure of gram-negative bacteria, was isolated from an upflow anaerobic filter treating abattoir wastewaters in tunisia. the strain designated lind7ht, grew at 20-45 °c (optimum, 35-40 °c) and at ph 5-8.5 (optimum ph 6.5-7.5). it did not require nacl for growth, but was able to grow in the presence of up to 2 % nacl. sulfate, thiosulfate, elemental sulfur, ... | 2011 | 22180609 |
| prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among clinical isolates of bacteroides fragilis group in canada in 2010-2011: canward surveillance study. | clinical isolates of bacteroides fragilis group (n = 387) were collected from patients attending nine canadian hospitals in 2010-2011 and tested for susceptibility to 10 antimicrobial agents using the clinical and laboratory standards institute (clsi) broth microdilution method. b. fragilis (59.9%), bacteroides ovatus (16.3%), and bacteroides thetaiotamicron (12.7%) accounted for ∼90% of isolates collected. overall rates of percent susceptibility were: 99.7%, metronidazole; 99.5%, piperacillin-t ... | 2011 | 22203594 |
| Butyrate esterified to starch is released in the human gastrointestinal tract. | Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) maintain human colonic function and may help prevent colonic disease. A study with ileostomists showed that starches acylated with specific SCFAs largely survive passage through the small intestine, but the percentage released in the colon has not been established. | 2011 | 21940597 |
| metabolic labeling of fucosylated glycoproteins in bacteroidales species. | members of the bacteroidales order are among the most abundant gram-negative bacteria of the human colonic microbiota. these species decorate their cell-surface glycoproteins with fucosylated glycans, which are believed to play important roles in host intestinal colonization. currently, there is no method for the enrichment of these glycoproteins for their identification. here, we describe a chemical approach directed toward labeling and detecting fucosylated glycoproteins from cultured bacteroi ... | 2011 | 21676614 |
| antimicrobial resistance and prevalence of resistance genes in intestinal bacteroidales strains. | this study examined the antimicrobial resistance profile and the prevalence of resistance genes in bacteroides spp. and parabacteroides distasonis strains isolated from children's intestinal microbiota. | 2011 | 21655744 |
| new microbial mannan catabolic pathway that involves a novel mannosylglucose phosphorylase. | the consecutive genes bf0771-bf0774 in the genome of bacteroidesfragilis nctc 9343 were found to constitute an operon. the functional analysis of bf0772 showed that the gene encoded a novel enzyme, mannosylglucose phosphorylase that catalyzes the reaction, 4-o-β-d-mannopyranosyl-d-glucose+pi→mannose-1-phosphate+glucose. here we propose a new mannan catabolic pathway in the anaerobe, which involves 1,4-β-mannanase (bf0771), a mannobiose and/or sugar transporter (bf0773), mannobiose 2-epimerase (b ... | 2011 | 21539815 |
| design of species-specific oligonucleotide probes for the detection of bacteroides and parabacteroides by fluorescence in situ hybridization and their application to the analysis of mouse caecal bacteroides-parabacteroides microbiota. | aims: to develop species-specific monitoring techniques for rapid detection of bacteroides and parabacteroides inhabiting the mouse intestine by fluorescence in situ hybridization. methods and results: the specificity of oligonucleotide probes was evaluated by fluorescence whole-cell hybridization. oligonucleotide probes specific for each species hybridized only with the target bacteria. using these probes, caecal bacteroides-parabacteroides microbiota of conventional mice and specific pathoge ... | 2011 | 21535330 |
| application of quantitative real-time pcr for rapid identification of bacteroides fragilis group and related organisms in human wound samples. | our goal was to establish a quantitative real-time pcr (qrt-pcr) method to detect bacteroides fragilis group and related organisms from clinical specimens. compared to conventional anaerobic culture, qrt-pcr can provide accurate and more rapid detection and identification of b.-áfragilis group and similar species. b.-áfragilis group and related organisms are the most frequently isolated anaerobic pathogens from clinical samples. however, culture and phenotypic identification is quite time-consum ... | 2011 | 21439390 |
| phosphorylated dihydroceramides from common human bacteria are recovered in human tissues. | novel phosphorylated dihydroceramide (pdhc) lipids produced by the periodontal pathogen porphyromonas gingivalis include phosphoethanolamine (pe dhc) and phosphoglycerol dihydroceramides (pg dhc) lipids. these pdhc lipids mediate cellular effects through toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2) including promotion of il-6 secretion from dendritic cells and inhibition of osteoblast differentiation and function in vitro and in vivo. the pe dhc lipids also enhance (tlr2)-dependent murine experimental autoimmune ... | 2011 | 21347306 |