| herpersvirus strigis: host spectrum and distribution in infected owls. | herpesvirus strigis, a new species of the genus herpesvirus, is a pathogen for several species of owls in the order srigiformes. natural infection has been observed in the eagle owl (bubo bubo l.), long-eared owl (asio otus l.) and snowy owl (nyctea scandiaca l.) in addition the little owl (athene noctua scopolic) and tengmalms owl (aegolius funereus l.) was experimentally infected. on the other hand the tawny owl (strix aluco l.) and barn owl (tyto albo scopoli) proved resistant to a massive ex ... | 1975 | 167204 |
| haematopoietic malignancies in zoo animals. | myelogenous leukaemia was found in a russell's viper, a honduran milk snake, a marine toad, a byrne's marsupial mouse and an african hedgehog. lymphocytic leukaemia was present in a broad banded copperhead and an indian lion. visceral lymphomatosis was observed in a snowy owl. | 1992 | 1556254 |
| fatal encephalitis caused by dactylaria constricta var. gallopava in a snowy owl chick (nyctea scandiaca). | dactylaria constricta var. gallopava (cooke) salkin et dixon was found to cause fatal encephalitis in a 28-day-old, captivity-bred snowy owl chick (nyctea scandiaca). the previously healthy bird suddenly developed ataxia, severe torticollis, and extensor rigidity of the legs. since the animal did not improve with antibiotic or vitamin-mineral supplement therapy, the chick was euthanized 5 days after the onset of neurologic signs. at necropsy, all tissues except the brain were grossly normal. cul ... | 1990 | 2280022 |
| isolation and serological differentiation of a herpesvirus from bobwhite quail (colinus virginianus, l. 1758). | an infectious agent was isolated from the liver of bobwhite quails (colinus virginianus, l. 1758). the agent was sensitive to chloroform and its multiplication was inhibited by 5-iodine-2-deoxy-uridine. it passed filters with a pore diameter of 220 nm and more but not 100 nm filters. electron microscopic examination revealed numerous nucleocapsids with hollow capsomeres and few enveloped particles in the supernatant fluids of infected cultures. the nucleocapsids were calculated to have 162 capso ... | 1980 | 7447711 |
| isolation of a herpesvirus from a snowy owl (nyctea scandiaca). | | 1995 | 7660558 |
| fatal combined infection with haemoproteus noctuae and leucocytozoon ziemanni in juvenile snowy owls (nyctea scandiaca) | two juvenile snowy owls (nyctea scandiaca) died after short episodes of lethargy and anorexia. postmortem examination of the first was inconclusive but clinical and laboratory examinations on the second owlet revealed a high level of erythrocyte parasitaemia by haemoproteus noctuae. after a period of intensive nursing and chemotherapy during which it improved clinically and the red cell parasitism decreased, the bird's condition relapsed and it died. postmortem examination revealed h noctuae inf ... | 1998 | 9717222 |
| identification of duck plague virus by polymerase chain reaction. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was developed for detecting duck plague virus. a 765-bp ecori fragment cloned from the genome of the duck plague vaccine (dp-vac) virus was sequenced for pcr primer development. the fragment sequence was found by genbank alignment searches to be similar to the 3' ends of an undefined open reading frame and the gene for dna polymerase protein in other herpesviruses. three of four primers sets were found to be specific for the dp-vac virus and 100% (7/7) of ... | 1999 | 10216766 |
| clinical and pathologic features of west nile virus infection in native north american owls (family strigidae). | since the initial report of west nile virus in the northeastern united states in 1999, the virus has spread rapidly westward and southward across the country. in the summer of 2002, several midwestern states reported increased cases of neurologic disease and mortality associated with west nile virus infection in various native north american owl species. this report summarizes the clinical and pathologic findings for 13 captive and free-ranging owls. affected species were all in the family strig ... | 2003 | 14562887 |
| [natural foci of tularemia on the wrangel island]. | the subjects of the study were snowy owl castings (611 samples), polar fox litters (148 samples), and water samples of outdoor tundra water reservoirs. tularemia antigen was sought in the castings and litters by the antibody neutralization test. the water was examined by bioassays. tularemia antigen was annually detected in the study samples. epizootically active autonomous natural foci of tundra-type tularemia were ascertained to continue to exist on the wrangel island. the major vectors of the ... | 2006 | 17290906 |
| west nile virus and hemoparasites in captive snowy owls (bubo scandiacus)--management strategies to optimize survival. | in august 2005, 2 members of a group of 6 captive snowy owls (bubo scandiacus) in central saskatchewan died of west nile virus infection. one of these owls and 3 of the remaining owls had significant numbers of circulating hemoparasites. management strategies are suggested to reduce morbidity and mortality. | 2008 | 19183740 |
| mortality and morbidity associated with gunshot in raptorial birds from the province of quebec: 1986 to 2007. | although raptors have been protected for decades in quebec they are still regular victims of poaching. the objective of this study was to characterize cases of raptor shootings in quebec over the last 2 decades. we reviewed clinical files, radiographs, and pathology reports on 4805 free-flying birds of prey admitted to the faculté de médecine vétérinaire between 1986 and 2007. evidence of gunshots was detected in 6.4% of the birds. large species, such as ospreys, turkey vultures, snowy owls, and ... | 2010 | 20357944 |
| listeria monocytogenes infection in poultry and its public health importance with special reference to food borne zoonoses. | listeriosis is a disease that causes septicemia or encephalitis in humans, animals and birds. although, the disease is rare and sporadic in poultry but if occurs then causes septicemia or sometimes localized encephalitis. occasionally, the disease is seen in young chicks and the causative agent, like in humans and animals, is listeria monocytogenes. the organism is capable to infect almost all animals and poultry; however, outbreaks of listeriosis are infrequent in birds. it is widely distribute ... | 2013 | 24498796 |
| respiratory nematodiases in raptors in quebec. | this is a retrospective study on wild raptors submitted to the université de montréal (quebec, canada) from 1989 to 1996. cyathostoma spp. (nematoda: syngamidae) adults and/or eggs were found in air sacs, lungs, bronchi, and trachea of 12 raptors (falconiformes and strigiformes) from quebec, canada, belonging to eight different species, five of which are first host records for this parasite: barred owl (strix varia), snowy owl (nyctea scandiaca), northern harrier (circus cyaneus), northern gosha ... | 1999 | 10231766 |
| [parasite fauna of austrian owls (strigiformes)]. | during the examination of 182 owls--asio otus (51), strix aluco (44), bubo bubo (34), nyctea scandiaca (15), athene noctua (14), otus scops (9), tyto alba (4), aegolius funereus (3), glaucidium passerinum (2), asio flammeus (2), indigenous "owls" (4)--5 protozoan species, 3 trematode species, 1 cestode species, 6 nematode species, 3 acanthocephalan species, 2 acaride species and 7 insect species could be discovered. dermanyssus hirundinis was proved on the long-eared owl and carnus hemapterus on ... | 1982 | 7165130 |
| laboratory blood analysis in strigiformes-part i: hematologic reference intervals and agreement between manual blood cell counting techniques. | while hematologic reference intervals (ri) are available for multiple raptorial species of the order accipitriformes and falconiformes, there is a lack of valuable hematologic information in strigiformes that can be used for diagnostic and health monitoring purposes. | 2015 | 25627556 |
| mercury concentrations in breast feathers of three upper trophic level marine predators from the western aleutian islands, alaska. | mercury (hg) is a toxic element distributed globally through atmospheric transport. agattu island, located in the western aleutian islands, alaska, has no history of point-sources of hg contamination. we provide baseline levels of total mercury (thg) concentrations in breast feathers of three birds that breed on the island. geometric mean thg concentrations in feathers of fork-tailed storm-petrels (oceanodroma furcata; 6703 ± 1635, ng/g fresh weight [fw]) were higher than all other species, incl ... | 2014 | 24656750 |
| new data on avifauna of the ustyurt plateau in the holocene. | bone remains of birds from a location of the middle subboreal period and from three locations of the early subatlantic period were studied on the ustyurt plateau (kazakhstan). three out of 17 avian species that have been identified (phalacrocorax pygmaeus, falco peregrinus, and nyctea scandiaca) proved to be absent in the modern fauna of the region. our data on the bird fauna of the ustyurt plateau in the second half of the middle holocene and at the beginning of the late holocene indicate that, ... | 2016 | 27595824 |
| ophthalmic reference values and lesions in two captive populations of northern owls: great grey owls (strix nebulosa) and snowy owls (bubo scandiacus). | this study established ophthalmic reference values and characterized ocular lesions in two captive populations of boreal owls, including 46 eyes of 23 great grey owls (strix nebulosa) and 38 eyes from 19 snowy owls (bubo scandiacus). a complete ophthalmologic exam was conducted, including neuro-ophthalmic reflexes, schirmer tear test i (stt-i), intraocular pressure (iop) using rebound tonometry, fluorescein staining, horizontal corneal measurements using jameson calipers, direct and indirect oph ... | 2016 | 27010284 |
| pulsed resources at tundra breeding sites affect winter irruptions at temperate latitudes of a top predator, the snowy owl. | irruptive migration is mostly observed in species specialized on pulsed resources and is thought to be a response to unpredictable changes in food supply. we assessed two alternative hypotheses to explain the periodic winter irruptions of snowy owls bubo scandiacus every 3-5 years in temperate north america: (a) the lack-of-food hypothesis, which states that a crash in small mammal abundance on the arctic breeding grounds forces owls to move out of the tundra massively to search for food in wint ... | 2016 | 26920901 |
| is pre-breeding prospecting behaviour affected by snow cover in the irruptive snowy owl? a test using state-space modelling and environmental data annotated via movebank. | tracking individual animals using satellite telemetry has improved our understanding of animal movements considerably. nonetheless, thorough statistical treatment of argos datasets is often jeopardized by their coarse temporal resolution. state-space modelling can circumvent some of the inherent limitations of argos datasets, such as the limited temporal resolution of locations and the lack of information pertaining to the behavioural state of the tracked individuals at each location. we coupled ... | 2015 | 25709836 |
| partial cloning of cyp2c23a genes and hepatic protein expression in eight representative avian species. | large interspecies differences in avian xenobiotic metabolism have been revealed by microsome-based studies, but specific enzyme isoforms in different bird species have not yet been compared. we have previously shown that cyp2c23 genes are the most induced cyp isoforms in chicken liver. in this study, we collected partial cyp2c23a gene sequences from eight avian species (ostrich, blue-eared pheasant, snowy owl, great-horned owl, chilean flamingo, peregrin falcon, humboldt penguin, and black-crow ... | 2015 | 25229839 |
| predation pressure by avian predators suggests summer limitation of small-mammal populations in the canadian arctic. | predation has been suggested to be especially important in simple food webs and less productive ecosystems such as the arctic tundra, but very few data are available to evaluate this hypothesis. we examined the hypothesis that avian predators could drive the population dynamics of two cyclic lemming species in the canadian arctic. a dense and diverse suite of predatory birds, including the snowy owl (bubo scandiacus), the rough-legged hawk (buteo lagopus), and the long-tailed jaeger (stercorariu ... | 2014 | 24649646 |
| response of an arctic predator guild to collapsing lemming cycles. | alpine and arctic lemming populations appear to be highly sensitive to climate change, and when faced with warmer and shorter winters, their well-known high-amplitude population cycles may collapse. being keystone species in tundra ecosystems, changed lemming dynamics may convey significant knock-on effects on trophically linked species. here, we analyse long-term (1988-2010), community-wide monitoring data from two sites in high-arctic greenland and document how a collapse in collared lemming c ... | 2012 | 22977153 |
| [red-breasted goose colonies on the taimyr peninsula: factors responsible for the proximity of goose nests to nests of peregrine falcons, rough-legged buzzards, and snowy owls]. | red-breasted goose colonies have been studied near medusa bay (73 degrees 21' n, 80 degrees 32' e), on the northwestern taimyr peninsula, and along the agapa river (70 degrees 11' n, 86 degrees 15' e) down to its mouth (70 degrees 26' n, 89 degrees 13' e), in the central taimyr peninsula. red-breasted geese nesting near peregrine falcons are protected by the falcons from arctic foxes; however, they are sometimes attacked by the falcons themselves. in the colonies near peregrine falcon nests, the ... | 2016 | 19894598 |
| [brant goose colonies near snowy owls: internest distances in relation to lemming and arctic fox abundance]. | brant goose colonies around snowy owl nests have been studied near meduza bay (73 degrees 21' n, 80 degrees 32' e) and in the lower reaches of the uboinaya river (73 degrees 37' n, 82 degrees 10' e), the northwestern taimyr peninsula, from 1999 to 2006. all brant nests within 680 m from an owl nest have been regarded as an individual colony. the results show that the area of the colony is always larger than the guarded area around the owl nest. in years of high abundance of lemmings, brant geese ... | 2016 | 18663969 |
| a reevaluation of the electrophysiological correlates of expert object processing. | subordinate-level object processing is regarded as a hallmark of perceptual expertise. however, the relative contribution of subordinate- and basic-level category experience in the acquisition of perceptual expertise has not been clearly delineated. in this study, participants learned to classify wading birds and owls at either the basic (e.g., wading bird, owl) or the subordinate (e.g., egret, snowy owl) level. after 6 days of training, behavioral results showed that subordinate-level but not b ... | 2006 | 16989547 |
| corticosterone is not correlated with nest departure in snowy owl chicks (nyctea scandiaca). | snowy owl chicks typically depart from nests at approximately 18 days of age, but 3 weeks before taking their first flight. high concentrations of corticosterone have been implicated in behavioral changes in many species, leading us to assess corticosterone's role in chick nest departure. corticosterone titers in free-living chicks, however, do not predict this departure event. baseline corticosterone concentrations decrease as chicks age. by 13 days, corticosterone concentrations are 50% of con ... | 2006 | 16620813 |
| cyclic dynamics in a simple vertebrate predator-prey community. | the collared lemming in the high-arctic tundra in greenland is preyed upon by four species of predators that show marked differences in the numbers of lemmings each consumes and in the dependence of their dynamics on lemming density. a predator prey model based on the field-estimated predator responses robustly predicts 4-year periodicity in lemming dynamics, in agreement with long-term empirical data. there is no indication in the field that food or space limits lemming population growth, nor i ... | 2003 | 14593179 |
| symblepharon with aberrant protrusion of the nictitating membrane in the snowy owl (nyctea scandiaca). | two young snowy owl chicks were presented with aberrant protrusion of the nictitating membranes. this was caused by conjunctival adhesions causing symblepharon secondary to a previous septicemia episode. while symblepharon has been noted in birds before, this unusual presentation of the nictitating membrane has not been reported. surgical intervention ameliorated the clinical signs, allowing vision in one bird by removal of the nictitating membranes, a technique which appeared to have no deleter ... | 2003 | 12641836 |
| caryospora species in a snowy owl (nyctea scandiaca). | | 2001 | 11202556 |
| effects of the protozoan parasite sarcocystis rauschorum on open-field behaviour of its intermediate vertebrate host, dicrostonyx richardsoni. | behaviour and activity levels were measured in varying lemmings experimentally infected with the heteroxenous parasite, sarcocystis rauschorum to test the hypothesis that the parasite alters behaviour of this intermediate host and thereby increases probability of transmission to the definitive host, the snowy owl (nyctea scandiaca). measures of short-term activity levels on a running wheel indicated no effect of the parasite, either directly, or indirectly as a result of illness. we observed beh ... | 1987 | 3108477 |
| helminths in the great horned owl, bubo virginianus, and snowy owl, nyctea scandiaca, of alberta. | | 1978 | 751707 |
| ultrastructural development of the sarcocyst of sarcocystis rauschorum (apicomplexa: sarcocystidae) in the varying lemming dicrostonyx richardsoni. | the development of the sarcocyst of sarcocystis rauschorum in its intermediate host was studied. lemmings were orally administered sporocysts of s. rauschorum obtained from snowy owls (nyctea scandiaca). beginning at 9 days postinoculation (dpi) and at various intervals to 84 dpi, skeletal muscle tissue taken from the infected lemmings was examined by electron microscopy. at 9 dpi the sarcocysts contained few metrocytes and the cyst wall was flat. the metrocytes underwent endodyogeny, and within ... | 1989 | 2498495 |
| laboratory blood analysis in strigiformes-part ii: plasma biochemistry reference intervals and agreement between the abaxis vetscan v2 and the roche cobas c501. | limited plasma biochemical information is available in strigiformes. only one study investigated the agreement between a point-of-care with a reference laboratory analyzer for biochemistry variables in birds. | 2015 | 25613649 |
| [white-fronted and bean geese breeding near snowy owls, peregrine falcons, and rough-legged buzzards at the taimyr peninsula]. | studies were carried out in 2000-2007 near medusa bay (73.21' n, 80.32' e) and along the agapa river (from 70 degrees 11', 86 degrees 15' e. down to the mouth 71 degrees 26' n, 89 degrees 13' e), in the northwestern and central parts of the taimyr peninsula. white-fronted goose nests are usually spread in the tundra or placed in 1-3 nest colonies near nests or staging points of snowy owls, peregrine falcons, or rough-legged buzzards. the intent of white-fronted geese to breed near birds of prey ... | 2016 | 20143637 |
| proventriculitis associated with cryptosporidium baileyi in a snowy owl (bubo scandiacus) and its epidemiological investigation. | we describe an unusual case of proventriculitis associated with cryptosporidium baileyi in a 7-wk-old snowy owl (bubo scandiacus) chick kept at a zoo. necropsy of this animal revealed diffuse mucosal thickening of the proventriculus. subsequent histopathological examinations of the proventriculus showed marked ductal epithelial hyperplasia with intestinal metaplasia and severe inflammatory cell infiltration in the lamina propria and submucosa. these lesions were associated with numerous periodic ... | 2017 | 28528556 |
| [brent goose colonies near snowy owls: internest distances in relation to breeding arctic fox densities]. | this study was conducted in 2005 near medusa bay (73 degrees 21' n, 80 degrees 32' e) and the delta of the pyasina river (74 degrees 10' n, 86 degrees 45' e), northwest of the taimyr peninsula. it was shown that in the years when the numbers of the arctic foxes are high, even though the lemming numbers are high as well, brent geese nest considerably closer to owls' nests than in the years with low arctic fox numbers. at values of the arctic fox densities greater than one breeding pair per 20 km2 ... | 2016 | 23662462 |
| caryosporosis in snowy owls (nyctea scandiaca). | | 2001 | 11327658 |
| parasitaemia in snowy owls. | | 1998 | 9807797 |
| dental microwear and mesowear of the microtus voles molars before and after experimental feeding of owls. | in small mammals, the degree of micro- and mesowear of molars depends on the feed hardness, abrasiveness, and some other characteristics. analysis of micro- and mesorelief of the paleontological material is used for reconstruction of some animal diet parameters. small mammals pass through a series of complex transformations on the way from the objects of biocenosis to paleontological objects. bone remains underwent transformations during accumulation and fossilization. in particular, bone remain ... | 2019 | 31317450 |
| did climate determine late pleistocene settlement dynamics in the ach valley, sw germany? | the loss of neanderthal groups across western and central europe during oxygen isotope stage (ois) 3 has held the attention of archaeologists for decades. the role that climatic change, genetic interbreeding, and interspecies competition played in the extinction of neanderthal groups is still debated. hohle fels is one of several important middle and upper paleolithic sites from the ach valley in southwestern germany which documents the presence of neanderthals and modern humans in the region. c ... | 2019 | 31048924 |
| preliminary findings of structure and expression of opioid receptor genes in a peregrine falcon ( falco peregrinus), a snowy owl ( bubo scandiacus), and a blue-fronted amazon parrot ( amazona aestiva). | to further knowledge of the physiology of opioid receptors in birds, the structure and expression of the μ-, δ-, and κ-opioid receptor genes were studied in a peregrine falcon ( falco peregrinus), a snowy owl ( bubo scandiacus), and a blue-fronted amazon parrot ( amazona aestiva). tissue samples were obtained from birds that had been euthanatized for poor release prognosis or medical reasons. samples were taken from the brain (telencephalon, thalamus, pituitary gland, cerebellum, pons, medulla o ... | 2018 | 30204017 |
| resource partitioning among avian predators of the arctic tundra. | interspecific competition can play a key role in structuring ecological communities. the arctic tundra is a low productivity ecosystem supporting simple food webs, but several predators often feed on the same prey species, lemmings, known for their large-amplitude population fluctuations. we examined mechanisms involved in reducing intra-guild competition and allowing coexistence of four avian predators (snowy owls, glaucous gulls, rough-legged hawks and long-tailed jaegers) feeding on a pulsed ... | 2020 | 32965060 |
| outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza in zoo birds caused by ha clade 2.3.4.4 h5n6 subtype viruses in japan in winter 2016. | in late 2016, two zoos, one in northern japan and the other in central japan, experienced highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) outbreaks, in which multiple zoo birds were infected with h5n6 subtype hpai virus (hpaiv). here, we report an overview of these hpai outbreaks. hpaiv infections were confirmed by virus isolation in three black swans (cygnus atratus) and three snowy owls (bubo scandiacus) kept in the omoriyama zoo hospital. at higashiyama zoo and botanical gardens, following the death ... | 2020 | 31605424 |
| arctic avian predators synchronise their spring migration with the northern progression of snowmelt. | migratory species display a range of migration patterns between irruptive (facultative) to regular (obligate), as a response to different predictability of resources. in the arctic, snow directly influences resource availability. the causes and consequences of different migration patterns of migratory species as a response to the snow conditions remains however unexplored. birds migrating to the arctic are expected to follow the spring snowmelt to optimise their arrival time and select for snow- ... | 2020 | 32350286 |
| the first clinical cases of haemoproteus infection in a snowy owl (bubo scandiacus) and a goshawk (accipiter gentilis) at a zoo in the republic of korea. | this study reports two clinical cases of avian haemosporidian infection caused by a haemoproteus sp., involving a snowy owl (bubo scandiacus) and a goshawk (accipiter gentilis), at a zoo. the snowy owl died after presenting with anorexia, depression and lethargy. a blood smear with wright's staining confirmed haemoproteus infection. necropsy of the snowy owl revealed hypertrophy of the internal organs, including the liver, gallbladder, kidney and adrenal glands. the goshawk showed anorexia, depr ... | 2018 | 29937458 |
| coccidian parasites from birds at rehabilitation centers in portugal, with notes on avispora bubonis in old world. | portugal has some rehabilitation centers for wild animals, which are responsible for the rehabilitation and reintroduction of birds, among other animals, into the wild. coccidian parasites of these wild birds in rehabilitation centers are especially important because these centers can introduce coccidian species into new environments through the reintroduction of their respective hosts. in this context, the current study aimed to identify intestinal coccidia from wild birds at two rehabilitation ... | 2019 | 31141018 |
| resurrection of the genus eumonospora (apicomplexa: sarcocystidae) for caryospora species without stieda body. | the coccidian genus eumonospora allen, 1933 is re-established. despite morphological features and host preference among species, coccidian with octasporozoic and monosporocystic oocysts are traditionally consider to belonging in the genus caryospora léger, 1904 (apicomplexa: eimeriidae). recently, the genus avispora schuster et al., 2016 was proposed for above caryosporoids parasitizing birds based on combined morphological and phylogenetic analyses. however, diagnostic morphological characters ... | 2020 | 32147506 |
| effects of isoflurane anesthesia on the hematologic values of rehabilitated wild owls. | isoflurane anesthesia is commonly used for owls when they are being rehabilitated to minimize stress during treatments and procedures, as well as to ensure caretaker safety. however, the effects of isoflurane anesthesia on the hematologic response of owls are not known. to investigate the effects of isoflurane anesthesia on the hematology of owls, 3 phases of investigation were performed on the subject animals: 1) single, short manual- versus single, short isoflurane-restraint episodes (n = 12; ... | 2019 | 31833305 |
| linking winter habitat use, diet and reproduction in snowy owls using satellite tracking and stable isotope analyses. | coupling isotope values of feathers and satellite tracking of individuals have the potential to reveal multi-season linkages between wintering habitat, diet and carry-over effects on reproductive parameters in migrating birds. snowy owls bubo scandiacus have multiple wintering tactics as they can use both terrestrial and marine resources during the non-breeding season, but their nomadic behaviour complicates their study. we assessed if inter-individual variability in the diet inferred by feather ... | 2020 | 33108895 |
| successful management of open, contaminated metacarpal fractures in an adult snowy owl ( bubo scandiacus) with a minimal type ii external skeletal fixator. | an adult, male snowy owl ( bubo scandiacus) was found down and unable to fly in western new york state. physical examination and radiographs revealed a subacute, open wound and fractured major and minor metacarpals of the right wing. a minimal type ii external skeletal fixator (esf) device was placed on the right major metacarpal bone and the open wound was allowed to granulate and close. after evidence of bone union, the esf device was removed. the owl performed auto-physiotherapy throughout th ... | 2018 | 30204018 |
| clinical effect of hemoparasite infections in snowy owls ( bubo scandiacus). | vector-borne hemoparasites are commonly found in avian species. plasmodium spp., the causative agent of avian malaria, are intraerythrocytic parasites that can cause signs ranging from subclinical infection to severe acute disease. in raptor species, most hemoparasites are associated with subclinical infection and are generally not treated when seen on blood evaluation. this case series reviews five cases of hemoparasite infection in snowy owls ( bubo scandiacus). these animals were infected wit ... | 2018 | 29517448 |
| co-infections: simultaneous detections of west nile virus and usutu virus in birds from germany. | the emergence of west nile virus (wnv) and usutu virus (usuv) in europe resulted in significant outbreaks leading to avifauna mortality and human infections. both viruses have overlapping geographical, host and vector ranges, and are often co-circulating in europe. in germany, a nationwide bird surveillance network was established to monitor these zoonotic arthropod-borne viruses in migratory and resident birds. in this framework, co-infections with wnv and usuv were detected in six dead birds c ... | 2021 | 33655706 |