| isolation, characterization and biological activity of betulinic acid and ursolic acid from vitex negundo l. | two pentacyclic triterpenoids, betulinic acid (3beta-hydroxylup-20-(29)-en-28-oic acid) (3), and ursolic acid (2beta-hydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid) (4), were isolated for the first time from leaves of vitex negundo l. along with three other compounds; an aliphatic alcohol n-hentriacontanol (1), beta-sitosterol (2) and p-hydroxybenzoic acid (5). their antifeedant activity against the larvae of an agricultural pest, the castor semilooper (achoea janata), in a no-choice laboratory assay and their an ... | 2003 | 12601674 |
| cytotoxic flavone analogues of vitexicarpin, a constituent of the leaves of vitex negundo. | bioassay-guided fractionation of the chloroform-soluble extract of the leaves of vitex negundo led to the isolation of the known flavone vitexicarpin (1), which exhibited broad cytotoxicity in a human cancer cell line panel. in an attempt to increase the cytotoxic potency of 1, a series of acylation reactions was performed on this compound to obtain its methylated (2), acetylated (3), and six new acylated (4-9) derivatives. compound 9, the previously unreported 5,3'-dihexanoyloxy-3,6,7,4'-tetram ... | 2003 | 12828478 |
| behavioural responses and changes in biology of rice leaffolder following treatment with a combination of bacterial toxins and botanical insecticides. | ingestion of the bacterial toxins bacillus thuringiensis (berliner) sub sp kurstaki, neem seed kernel extract and vitex negundo l. (lamiales:verbenaceae) leaf extract to the rice leaffolder (rlf), cnaphalocrocis medinalis (guenée) (lepidoptera: pyralidae), resulted in altered leaf-folding behaviour and biology. in laboratory experiments, treatment with plant extracts and bacterial toxins suppressed leaf folding behaviour of c. medinalis. larvae fed lower doses moulted into progressive instars, b ... | 2006 | 16524618 |
| in vitro screening of five local medicinal plants for antibacterial activity using disc diffusion method. | medicinal plants have many traditional claims including the treatment of ailments of infectious origin. in the evaluation of traditional claims, scientific research is important. the objective of the study was to determine the presence of antibacterial activity in the crude extracts of some of the commonly used medicinal plants in malaysia, andrographis paniculata, vitex negundo, morinda citrifolia, piper sarmentosum, and centella asiatica. in this preliminary investigation, the leaves were used ... | 2005 | 16883283 |
| metal bioaccumulation in plant leaves from an industrious area and the botanical garden in beijing. | the concentrations of fe, mn, al, zn, pb, ni, cr, and as were measured in soils and leaves from 21 plant species growing on hills near the beijing steel factory (bsf) and 17 plant species in the beijing botanical garden (bbg). the results showed that soils from bsf were zn contaminated according to the threshold of natural background of china. there was a metal contamination of the soils by ni, and cr in bsf comparing with those in bbg. the comparison between concentrations of metals in leaves f ... | 2005 | 16295909 |
| antinociceptive activity of vitex-negundo linn leaf extract. | tail flick test in rats and acetic acid induced writhing in mice were employed to study the antinociceptive activity of ethanolic leaf extract of vitex-negundo (vn) (100, 250 and 500 mg/kg, p.o). the effect was compared with meperidine (40 mg/kg, sc) in tail flick method and aspirin (50 mg/kg, p.o) in writhing test as a standard control respectively. an interaction with naloxone hydrochloride was also studied in tail flick method for its mechanism of central analgesic action. the test drug showe ... | 2005 | 16170984 |
| effect of biopesticides on the lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) of the rice leaffolder, cnaphalocrocis medinalis (guenée) (insecta: lepidoptera: pyralidae). | the effects of bacterial toxins (bacillus thuringiensis) and botanical insecticides (azadirachta indica and vitex negundo) on lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) activity in cnaphalocrocis medinalis (guenée) (the rice leaffolder) were evaluated. bacterial toxins and botanical insecticides affected the ldh activity individually and in combination. when they were combined, the effect was more severe at low concentration. there was a decrease in enzyme activity over controls at all concentrations tested. t ... | 2006 | 16033698 |
| in vitro hiv type 1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory activities of thai medicinal plants and canna indica l. rhizomes. | water and 80% ethanol extracts of 20 thai medicinal plants used to treat aids were tested for their hiv type 1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory activity. the water extracts of ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa (aerial parts), vitex glabrata (branch), vitex trifolia (aerial part), vitex negundo (aerial part), canna indica (rhizome), and justicia gendarussa (aerial part) showed hiv-1 rt inhibition ratio (% ir) higher than 90% at a 200 microg/ml concentration. the water extract of canna indica rhizom ... | 2005 | 15951145 |
| the evaluation of nitric oxide scavenging activity of certain indian medicinal plants in vitro: a preliminary study. | the plant extracts of 17 commonly used indian medicinal plants were examined for their possible regulatory effect on nitric oxide (no) levels using sodium nitroprusside as an no donor in vitro. most of the plant extracts tested demonstrated direct scavenging of no and exhibited significant activity. the potency of scavenging activity was in the following order: alstonia scholaris > cynodon dactylon > morinda citrifolia > tylophora indica > tectona grandis > aegle marmelos (leaf) > momordica char ... | 2004 | 15383230 |
| snake venom neutralization by indian medicinal plants (vitex negundo and emblica officinalis) root extracts. | the methanolic root extracts of vitex negundo linn. and emblica officinalis gaertn. were explored for the first time for antisnake venom activity. the plant (v. negundo and e. officinalis) extracts significantly antagonized the vipera russellii and naja kaouthia venom induced lethal activity both in in vitro and in vivo studies. v. russellii venom-induced haemorrhage, coagulant, defibrinogenating and inflammatory activity was significantly neutralized by both plant extracts. no precipitating ban ... | 2003 | 12686445 |
| the great wall of china: a physical barrier to gene flow? | one population from each of six plant species along both sides of the juyong-guan great wall, together with one population from each of five species along both sides of a path on a mountain top near juyong-guan, were selected to study the effect of the great wall as a barrier on genetic differentiation between two subpopulations using rapd markers. significant genetic differentiation was found between the subpopulations on both sides of the great wall. a wind-pollinated woody species, ulmus pumi ... | 2003 | 12634804 |
| larvicidal potential of medicinal plant extracts against anopheles subpictus grassi and culex tritaeniorhynchus giles (diptera: culicidae). | mosquito control is facing a threat due to the emergence of resistance to synthetic insecticides. insecticides of botanical origin may serve as suitable alternative biocontrol techniques in the future. the acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate, hexane, methanol and petroleum ether extracts of leaf, flower and seed of cassia auriculata l., leucas aspera (willd.), rhinacanthus nasutus kurz., solanum torvum swartz and vitex negundo linn. were tested against fourth instar larvae of malaria vector, anop ... | 2009 | 19085005 |
| [clinical and experimental study on treatment of asthma with juanxiao tablet]. | to evaluate the therapeutic effect of juanxiao tablet (jxt) in treating asthma. | 1999 | 11783305 |
| [stable carbon isotope characteristics of some woody plants in warm temperate zone]. | it was found that the delta 13c values of the foliar, trunk, flower, and fruit of some woody plants in broad-leaved forest in warm temperate zone were affected by many factors, and showed a great interspecific difference and temporal and spatial heterogeneity. the intraspecific variation of delta 13c values was also great, with the order of vitex negundo var. heterophylla 6.549@1000(-22.226@1000(-)-28.775@1000), fraxinus rhynchophylla 5.706@1000(-23.687@1000(-)-29.393@1000), jugans mandshurica 5 ... | 2000 | 11767664 |
| antiradical and antilipoperoxidative effects of some plant extracts used by sri lankan traditional medical practitioners for cardioprotection. | reactive oxygen species (ros) are implicated in many pathogenic processes including the cardiovascular system. detoxification of ros by antioxidants (ao) therefore affords protection against such diseases. there is a growing body of evidence suggesting that antioxidants contribute to cardioprotection. therefore, nine plants that are components of ayurvedic formulations used for the therapy of cardiovascular diseases were investigated to determine whether antioxidant activity is one of the mechan ... | 2001 | 11536382 |
| hepatoprotective effect of vitex negundo against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage. | alcoholic extract of the seeds of vitex negundo linn. was obtained by cold maceration. a dose of 250 mg/kg (1/6 of ld50) of the extract was selected to study the hepatoprotective action against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage. the extract was found to be effective in preventing liver damage which was evident by morphological, biochemical and functional parameters. | 1991 | 10319130 |
| screening of 34 indian medicinal plants for antibacterial properties. | a total of 34 plant species belonging to 18 different families, selected on the basis of folklore medicinal reports practised by the tribal people of western ghats, india, were assayed for antibacterial activity against escherichia coli, klebsiella aerogenes, proteus vulgaris, and pseudomonas aerogenes (gram-negative bacteria) at 1000-5000 ppm using the disc diffusion method. of these 16 plants showed activity; among them cassia fistula, terminalia arjuna and vitex negundo showed significant ant ... | 1998 | 9741889 |
| effect of plant extracts and systemic fungicide on the pineapple fruit-rotting fungus, ceratocystis paradoxa. | antifungal activities of extracts of sixteen plants were tested against ceratocystis paradoxa which causes soft rot of pineapples. xanthium strumarium was the most effective followed by allium sativum. the effectiveness of various extracts against c. paradoxa was in the decreasing order of meriandra bengalensis, mentha piperita, curcuma longa, phlogacanthus thyrsiflorus, toona ciliata, vitex negundo, azadirachta indica, eupatorium birmanicum, ocimum sanctum and leucas aspera. extracts of cassia ... | 1996 | 9022263 |
| analgesic studies on vitex negundo and valeriana wallichii. | | 1970 | 5446949 |
| antiandrogenic effects of a flavonoid-rich fraction of vitex negundo seeds: a histological and biochemical study in dogs. | the ability of the flavonoid-rich fraction (5,7,3'-trihydroxy, 6,8,4'-trimethoxy flavones) of vitex negundo seeds to antagonize the androgen action of exogenous testosterone propionate on the male reproductive system was studied in castrated prepubertal and intact adult dog. the flavonoid-rich fraction (f) was administered 10 mg/kg i.p. every other day either alone or in combination with testosterone propionate. the duration of treatment was 30 days in castrates and 60 days in intacts. treatment ... | 1989 | 2615438 |
| chemical investigation and anti-inflammatory activity of vitex negundo seeds. | the chcl3 extract of the defatted seeds of vitex negundo exhibited anti-inflammatory activity and yielded four triterpenoids: 3 beta-acetoxyolean-12-en-27-oic acid [1], 2 alpha, 3 alpha-dihydroxyoleana-5,12-dien-28-oic acid [2], 2 beta,3 alpha-diacetoxyoleana-5,12-dien-28-oic acid [3], and 2 alpha,3 beta-diacetoxy-18-hydroxyoleana-5,12-dien-28-oic acid [5]. this is the first report of the isolation of compounds 2, 3, and 5 from a natural source. | 1992 | 1624939 |
| estrogen-like activities in vitex species from china determined by a cell based proliferation assay. | ethanolic extracts of four chinese medicinally used vitex species were selected and tested for their estrogen-like activities, using an eralpha-positive mcf-7 cell based proliferation assay (e-screen assay) and cell cycle analysis (flow cytometry). vitex negundo displayed the highest estrogenic-like activity, and could be useful in hormone replacement therapy (hrt). | 2007 | 18065106 |
| vitex negundo linn (vn) leaf extract as an adjuvant therapy to standard anti-inflammatory drugs. | leaves of vitex negundo (vn) have been investigated for their antiinflammatory activity in past, including its mechanism of action. however, nobody has evaluated its potential role as an adjuvant with standard anti-inflammatory therapy. therefore, the present study was undertaken to investigate interaction of ethanolic leaf extract of vn linn with standard anti-inflammatory drugs in sub-effective doses per orally (po) to evaluate its potential role as an adjuvant therapy. | 2006 | 17159267 |
| new antifungal flavonoid glycoside from vitex negundo. | flavonoids are ubiquitous in photosynthesizing cells and are common part of human diet. for centuries, preparations containing these compounds as the principal physiologically active constituents have been used to treat human diseases. increasingly, this class of natural products is becoming the subject of anti-infective research. our bioactivity guided fractionation of ethanolic extract of leaves of vitex negundo resulted in the isolation of new flavone glycoside (4) along with five known compo ... | 2007 | 17027268 |
| larvicidal efficacy of medicinal plant extracts against anopheles stephensi and culex quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae). | mosquitoes transmit serious human diseases, causing millions of deaths every year. natural products of plant origin with insecticidal properties have been used in recent years for control of a variety of pest insects and vectors. the present study was based on assessments of the larvicidal activity to determine the efficacies of hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol extracts of ten medicinal plants tested against fourth instar larvae of malaria vector, anopheles stephensi listo ... | 2010 | 20962718 |
| xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of some indian medical plants. | xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity was assayed from six species belonging to different families traditionally used for the treatment of gout and related symptoms by indigenous people of india. the aqueous, methanol-water mixture and methanolic extract of these plants were used for the experiment. of the 18 extracts assayed, 14 extracts demonstrated xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity at 100 microg/ml, among which 10 extracts showed an inhibition greater than 50% and ic(50) values below 100 mi ... | 2007 | 17014977 |
| [interspecific association between understory species in a southern highland plantation]. | based upon 2 x 2 contingency table, chi2 test and association coefficient were used to determine the interspecific association between understory species in a southern highland plantation, and to analyze the restoration degree and the stability of southern highland vegetations originated from plantation. the qianyanzhou in taihe county of jiangxi province, a typical sample of southern highland plantation, was chosen to make the study. the results showed that both in shrub layer and in herb layer ... | 2005 | 16471332 |
| anti-microfilarial activity of methanolic extract of vitex negundo and aegle marmelos and their phytochemical analysis. | in the present study, methanolic extracts of roots of vitex negundo l. and extracts of leaves of vitex negundo l., ricinus communis l. and aegle marmelos corr. were explored for possible antifilarial effect against brugia malayi microfilariae. it was observed that among the herbal extracts, root extract of vitex negundo l. and leaves extract of aegle marmelos corr. at 100 ng/ml concentration showed complete loss of motility of microfilariae after 48 hr of incubation. thin layer chromatography of ... | 2008 | 18335811 |
| comparative anti-hyperglycemic potentials of medicinal plants. | validation of the ethnobotanical use of the leaves of artemisia vulgaris linn. (compositae), eucalyptus tereticornis sm. (myrtaceae), solanum nigrum linn. (solanaceae), and vitex negundo linn. (verbenaceae); stems of nopalea cochinellifera (linn.) salm-dyck (cactaceae); roots of imperata cylindrica beauv. (gramineae); dried bark of syzygium cumini (linn.) skeels (myrtaceae) as anti-diabetic agents using the oral glucose tolerance test showed that only the bark of syzygium cumini and the leaves o ... | 2006 | 16253452 |
| an experimental evaluation of anticonvulsant activity of vitex-negundo. | maximal electroshock seizures (mes) in albino rats and pentylenetetarazole (ptz) induced seizures in albino mice were used to study anticonvulsant activity of vitex-negundo leaf extract. the ethanolic leaf extract of vitex-negundo was administered orally in graded doses (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg p.o) in both the experimental models and the effects were compared with diphenylhydantoin in mes method and valporic acid in ptz induced seizures method as standard control respectively. the vitex-negundo ... | 2005 | 16170989 |
| evaluation of leaf extracts of vitex negundo l. (family: verbenaceae) against larvae of culex tritaeniorhynchus and repellent activity on adult vector mosquitoes. | petroleum ether (60-80 degrees c) extracts of the leaves of vitex negundo (verbenaceae) were evaluated for larvicidal activity against larval stages of culex tritaeniorhynchus in the laboratory. larvae of c. tritaeniorhynchus were found more susceptible, with lc(50) and lc(90) values of 2.4883 and 5.1883 mg/l, respectively. human volunteers wearing special terricot (68:32) fabrics, in the form of armbands, anklets, headbands, collar, and shoulder and pocket strips impregnated with v. negundo lea ... | 2008 | 18500538 |
| negundoside, an irridiod glycoside from leaves of vitex negundo, protects human liver cells against calcium-mediated toxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride. | to evaluate the protective effect of 2'-p-hydroxybenzoylmussaenosidic acid [negundoside (ng), against carbon tetrachloride (ccl(4))-induced toxicity in huh-7 cells. | 2008 | 18595136 |
| hepatoprotective activity of vitex negundo leaf extract against anti-tubercular drugs induced hepatotoxicity. | hepatoprotective (hp) activity of vitex negundo (vn) leaf ethanolic extract was investigated against hepatotoxicity (ht) produced by administering a combination of three anti-tubercular drugs isoniazid (inh)-7.5 mg/kg, rifampin (rmp)-10 mg/kg and pyrazinamide (pza)-35 mg/kg for 35 35 days by oral route in rats. v. negundo leaf ethanolic extract was administered in three graded doses of 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg orally, 45 min prior to anti-tubercular challenge for 35 days. hp effect of v. negundo l ... | 2008 | 18621114 |
| antitussive and toxicological evaluation of vitex negundo. | vitex negundo linn. (verbenaceae) is used in traditional medical system for respiratory disorders. this study was carried out to investigate its cough-relieving potential. the antitussive effect of the butanolic extract of v. negundo (vn) on sulphur dioxide (so(2))-induced cough was examined in mice. safety profile of vn was carried out by observing acute neurotoxicity, median lethal dose (ld(50)) and behavioural signs. vn dose-dependently (250-1000?mg?kg(-1)) inhibited the cough provoked by so( ... | 2011 | 21809956 |
| in vitro effect of four herbal plants on the motility of brugia malayi microfilariae. | disease burden due to lymphatic filariasis is disproportionately high despite mass drug administration with conventional drugs. usage of herbal drugs in traditional medicine is quite well known but largely empirical. hence the present study was designed to screen the in vitro antifilarial effect of four herbal plants on brugia malayi. | 2008 | 18653910 |
| reproduction in male rats is vulnerable to treatment with the flavonoid-rich seed extracts of vitex negundo. | a partially purified flavonoid-rich extract was prepared from the seed of vitex negundo. the effect of this extract on the reproductive system of male rats was investigated at four different concentrations. all the major accessory sex organs shed weight when the preparation was administered at doses of >or=15 mg/rat/day after 15 days of treatment. the drop in weight was also reflected in disturbed tissue biochemistry. secretory products such as citric acid in the prostate, fructose in seminal ve ... | 2004 | 14750193 |
| anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of mature fresh leaves of vitex negundo. | this study confirmed the oral anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antihistamine properties of mature fresh leaves (mfl) of vitex negundo l. (verbenaceae) claimed in the ayurveda medicine by orally treating a water extract of the leaves to rats. the early phase (2h) of carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema was significantly (p<0.01) suppressed in an inversely does-dependent (r(2)=1, p<0.01) manner by mfl. the ec(50) was 2g/kg of mfl. in the formaldehyde-induced rat paw oedema test, the 2.5 and 5g/kg le ... | 2003 | 12860308 |
| invasion possibility and potential effects of rhus typhina on beijing municipality. | rhus typhina, an alien species introduced from north america, was identified as a main afforestation species in beijing municipality. however, its invasiveness is still at odds. to clarify this problem, we applied the north american screening system and the australian screening system to preliminarily predict its invasion possibility. both screening systems gave the same recommendation to "reject". the geographical distribution was surveyed, with the population features of r. typhina against the ... | 2008 | 18713419 |
| vitex negundo attenuates calpain activation and cataractogenesis in selenite models. | recent investigations have shown that phytochemical antioxidants can scavenge free radicals and prevent various diseases. cataract is the leading cause of blindness and is associated with oxidative damage of the lens. selenite-induced cataract in rat pups is an excellent mimic of oxidative stress-induced cataract. selenite cataract is associated with oxidative stress, loss of calcium homeostasis, calpain activation and protein insolubilization in the lens. our present study focuses on the isolat ... | 2009 | 19094987 |
| bioactivity-guided fractionation for analgesic properties and constituents of vitex negundo l. seeds. | this study was undertaken to ascertain the analgesic properties of vitex negundo l. seeds and to isolate and characterize the active constituents. among the 80% ethanol extract and some fractions with different polarity, the acetoacetate fraction showed the highest anti-nociceptive activity in acetic acid-induced writhing test in icr mice. the analgesic bioguided isolation of the acetoacetate fraction yielded two major lignans: 6-hydroxy-4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-3-hydroxymethyl-7-methoxy-3 ... | 2009 | 19181504 |
| bioefficacy of some plant derivatives that protect grain against the pulse beetle, callosobruchus maculatus. | experiments were conducted to study the bioefficacies of different plant/weed derivatives that affect the development of the pulse beetle, callosobruchus maculates f. (coleoptera: bruchidae) fed on black gram, vigna mungo, seeds. plant extracts, powder, ash and oil from nishinda (vitex negundo l.), eucalyptus (eucalyptus globules labill.), bankalmi (ipomoea sepiaria k.), neem (azadirachta indica l.), safflower (carthamus tinctorius l.), sesame (sesamum indicum l.) and bablah (acacia arabica l.) ... | 2006 | 19537990 |
| vitexins, nature-derived lignan compounds, induce apoptosis and suppress tumor growth. | lignans such as secoisolariciresinol diglucoside in flaxseed, are metabolizes to bioactive mammalian lignans of end and enl. because mammalian lignans have chemical structural similarity to the natural estrogen, they are thought to behave like selective estrogen receptor modulators and therefore have anticancer effect against hormone-related cancers. we isolated a series of lignan compounds, named as vitexins, from the seed of chinese herb vitex negundo. | 2009 | 19671865 |
| pharmacokinetic-interaction of vitex negundo linn. & paracetamol. | currently, herbal preparations are clinically used as functional food, food supplements or as add on therapy, which affects the bioavailability and also the net therapeutic potential of co-administered allopathic drugs. therefore, it is important to assess the interaction among these two classes of drugs. here we studied the interaction between orally-administered ethanolic extract of leaves of vitex negundo linn. (verbenaceae) (vn extract) and paracetamol in albino rats. | 2009 | 19942755 |
| essential oil composition and antibacterial studies of vitex negundo linn. extracts. | essential oils from fresh leaves, flowers and dried fruits of vitex negundo were obtained by hydrodistillation. using soxhlet extractor five successive extracts from dried and powdered leaves were also taken. the chemical constituents of essential oil of leaves, flowers and dried fruits were analyzed by gc-fid and gc/ms techniques. main constituents identified in leaves oil were delta-guaiene, carryophyllene epoxide and ethyl-hexadecenoate; in flowers oil - alpha-selinene, germacren-4-ol, carryo ... | 2008 | 20046787 |
| effect of selected local medicinal plants on the asexual blood stage of chloroquine resistant plasmodium falciparum. | the development of resistant to current antimalarial drugs is a major challenge in achieving malaria elimination status in many countries. therefore there is a need for new antimalarial drugs. medicinal plants have always been the major source for the search of new antimalarial drugs. the aim of this study was to screen selected malaysian medicinal plants for their antiplasmodial properties. | 2014 | 25510573 |
| vitex negundo modulates selenite-induced opacification and cataractogensis in rat pups. | recently, much interest has been generated in the search for phytochemical therapeutics, as they are largely free from adverse side effects and economical. the goal of this study was to determine the efficacy of vitex negundo in modulating the selenite-induced oxidative stress in vivo model. sprague-dawley rat pups of 8 days old were used for the study and divided into control (g i), selenite induced (g ii), and selenite + v. negundo treated (g iii). cataract was induced by the single subcutaneo ... | 2010 | 20174976 |
| antinociceptive activities of the liposoluble fraction from vitex negundo seeds. | the antinociceptive activities of the petroleum ether fraction (pef) from the aqueous ethanol extract of vitex negundo linn. (verbenaceae) seeds have been evaluated in several nociceptive mouse models. given orally, the pef (at doses of 12, 24, and 48 mg/kg body weight) produced significant dose-related inhibitions on chemical nociception induced by intraperitoneal acetic acid and sub-plantar formalin injections and on thermal nociception in the hot-plate test. naloxone (1 mg/kg bw subcutaneousl ... | 2010 | 20645738 |
| 1, 2 di-substituted idopyranose from vitex negundo l. protects against streptozotocin-induced diabetes by inhibiting nuclear factor-kappa b and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression. | the aim of this study is to investigate the mechanism of an action of compound isolated from vitex negundo in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. light microscopic examination of liver, kidney and pancreatic sections of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice showed changes like coarsening of acinar cells of endoplasmic reticulum, destruction of beta-cells, and alteration in their secretory function were observed in the pancreas. changes like dilation of vein, unusual concentric arrangement of he ... | 2010 | 20687129 |
| antiseptic activity and phenolic constituents of the aerial parts of vitex negundo var. cannabifolia. | four phenolics, salviaplebeiaside (1), γ-tocopherol (2), chrysosplenol-d (4), and isovitexin (5), along with α-tocoquinone (3) and β-sitosterol (6) were isolated from the aerial parts of vitex negundo var. cannabifolia. the isolation was performed using bio-assay tracking experiments. the structures of compounds 1-5 were established by spectroscopic means. the antibacterial activities of the compounds were assessed against escherichia coli, bacillus subtilis, micrococcus tetragenus and pseudomon ... | 2010 | 21088661 |
| detection of anti-tuberculosis activity in some folklore plants by radiometric bactec assay. | the anti-tubercular drugs are less effective because of the emergence of multi-drug resistant (mdr) and extensively drug resistant (xdr) strains of m. tuberculosis, so plants being an alternative source of anti-microbial compounds. the aim of this study was to investigate anti-tuberculosis potential of the plants using mycobacterium smegmatis as a rapid screening model for detection of anti-mycobacterial activity and further to evaluate the active plants for anti-tuberculosis activity against m. ... | 2010 | 21114505 |
| novel bioactive metabolites producing endophytic fungus colletotrichum gloeosporioides against multidrug-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria such as staphylococcus aureus calls for inventive research and development strategies. inhibition of this bacterial pathogenesis may be a promising therapeutic approach. the screening of antimicrobial compounds from endophytes is a promising way to meet the increasing threat of drug-resistant strains of human and plant pathogens. in the present study, a novel endophytic fungus, colletotrichum gloeosporioides, was isolated from the medicinal plant vi ... | 2011 | 21219448 |
| amelioration of selenite toxicity and cataractogenesis in cultured rat lenses by vitex negundo. | recent evidence suggests that oxidative stress plays a significant role in the development of cataract. the present study sought to evaluate the efficacy of flavonoid fraction of vitex negundo (fvn) in preventing the toxicity induced by sodium selenite in vitro culture condition. | 2011 | 21240520 |
| antioxidant and antiinflammatory activity of vitex negundo. | reactive oxygen species are implicated in various inflammatory disorders. vitex negundo is mentioned in ayurveda as useful in treating arthritic disorders. the present work was undertaken to evaluate the antioxidant potential and anti-inflammatory activity of the plant. the total methanol extract of the plant was standardized in terms of total polyphenols. the standardized extract in a dose of 100 mg/kg caused a comparable reduction in edema with that of diclofenac sodium (25 mg/kg) when evaluat ... | 2008 | 21369459 |
| identification of chrysoplenetin from vitex negundo as a potential cytotoxic agent against panc-1 and a panel of 39 human cancer cell lines (jfcr-39). | human pancreatic cancer is known to be the most deadly disease with the lowest 5-year survival rate and is resistant to well known conventional chemotherapeutic drugs in clinical use. screening of medicinal plants from myanmar utilizing antiausterity strategy led to the identification of vitex negundo as one of the medicinal plants having potent preferential cytotoxic activity against panc-1 human pancreatic cancer cells. bioactivity-guided phytochemical investigation led to the isolation of chr ... | 2011 | 21469236 |
| potential of vitex negundo roots in the treatment of ulcerative colitis in mice. | context: vitex negundo linn. (verbenaceae) is an indigenous tree species in india. this tree species has been of interest to researchers because traditionally its roots are reported in the treatment of ulcer and colic pain. objective: the present work was undertaken to validate its folk use in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (uc) by using the method of acetic acid-induced colitis in mice. materials and methods: ethanol and aqueous extracts of roots of v. negundo (100 mg/kg) were screened for ... | 2011 | 21591873 |
| analysis on the alterations of lens proteins by vitex negundo in selenite cataract models. | cataract is the leading cause of blindness and is associated with oxidative damage and protein modification in the lens. in the present study, we have employed proteomic and microscopic approaches to investigate the attenuation of selenite cataract by the flavonoids from vitex negundo (fvn). | 2011 | 21617749 |
| evaluation of composition and antimicrobial activity of supercritical fluid extract of leaves of vitex negundo. | supercritical fluid extract of leaves of vitex negundo was tested for its antimicrobial potential and was compared with that of ethanol extract, ether extract and hydrodistilled oil of leaves. the chemical constituents of extracts were studied by chromatographic techniques. extracts were evaluated for antimicrobial potential against bacterial strains like staphylococcus aureus, bacillus subtilis, escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa and yeast candida albicans. extracts showed prominent antib ... | 2010 | 21695000 |
| possible implication of oxidative stress in anti filarial effect of certain traditionally used medicinal plants in vitro against brugia malayi microfilariae. | tropical disease research scheme of world health organization has duly recognized traditional medicine as alternative for antifilarial drug development. polyphenolic compounds present in traditionally used herbal medicines are natural antioxidants; however, paradoxically they may exert pro-oxidant effect. popular drug diethyl carbamazine citrate harnesses the innate inflammatory response and the consequent oxidative assault to combat invading microbes. | 2010 | 21713137 |
| in vitro antibacterial potential of some vitex species against human pathogenic bacteria. | to study the antibacterial activity of the leaf methanol extracts of five different species of vitex namely, vitex altissima (v. altissima), vitex diversifolia (v. diversifolia), vitex negundo (v. negundo), vitex peduncularis (v. peduncularis) and vitex trifolia (v. trifolia). | 2011 | 21914544 |
| [Effect of Vitex negundo var. heterophylla seeds ethanol extract (VSE) on mice model of immunological hepatitis and acute inflammation]. | To study the effects of Vitex negundo var. heterophylla seeds ethanol extract(VSE) on immunological hepatitis and acute inflammation mice model. | 2011 | 22121812 |
| Antihyperglycemic effect of iridoid glucoside, isolated from the leaves of Vitex negundo in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with special reference to glycoprotein components. | The aim of present study was to isolate an iridoid glucoside from the leaves of Vitex negundo and evaluates its effects on dearrangement in plasma and tissues glycoprotein components in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The levels of blood glucose, plasma and tissues glycoproteins such as hexose, hexosamine, fucose and sialic acid were significantly increased whereas plasma insulin levels were significantly decreased in diabetic rats. On oral administration of iridoid glucoside at a concentr ... | 2011 | 22112721 |
| active compound from the leaves of vitex negundo l. shows anti-inflammatory activity with evidence of inhibition for secretory phospholipase a(2) through molecular docking. | novel compounds with significant medicinal properties have gained much interest in therapeutic approaches for treating various inflammatory disorders like arthritis, odema and snake bites and the post-envenom (impregnating with venom) consequences. inflammation is caused by the increased concentration of secretory phospholipases a(2) (spla(2)s) at the site of envenom. a novel compound tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphate (tdtbpp) was isolated from the leaves of vitex negundo and the crystal s ... | 2011 | 22102777 |
| effect of iridoid glucoside on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats and its role in regulating carbohydrate metabolic enzymes. | vitex negundo is a medicinal plant used to treat many ailments. an active compound of iridoid glucoside was isolated from v. negundo leaves and its efficacy was investigated in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats with special reference to carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes. the optimum dose of iridoid glucoside was determined by oral glucose tolerance test. the effects of iridoid glucoside were compared with glibenclamide administration of iridoid glucoside (50mg/kg body weight) to diabetic rats ... | 2011 | 22094064 |
| inhibition of propionibacterium acnes lipase by extracts of indian medicinal plants. | lipases play an important role in pathogenesis of acne by hydrolysing sebum triglycerides and releasing irritating free fatty acids in the pilosebaceous follicles. lipase is a strong chemotactic and proinflammatory antigen. therefore, lipase has generated a high interest as a pharmacological target for antiacne drugs. the aim of this study was to identify inhibitory effects of plant extracts on the lipase activity of propionibacterium acnes. colorimetric microassay was used to determine lipase a ... | 2012 | 22268921 |
| anti microbial activity of the various leaf extracts of vitex negundo linn. | the antibacterial activity of the leaves of vitex negundo was tested against three bacteria viz., staphylococcus aureus escherichia coli and klebsiella peumoniae, the fresh aqueous, heated aqueous extract, chloroform and methanolic extract of leaves were used for screening their antibacterial potential. the fresh and aqueous extracts of leaves in various dilutions were found to have antibacterial activity against the three bacteria. | 2008 | 22557306 |
| anti microbial activity of the various leaf extracts of vitex negundo linn. | the antibacterial activity of the leaves of vitex negundo was tested against three types of bacteria viz., staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae. the fresh, aqueous, heated aqueous extract, chloroform and methanolic extract of leaves were used for screening their antibacterial potential. the fresh and aqueous extracts of leaves in various dilutions were found to have antibacterial activity against the three bacteria. | 2008 | 22557282 |
| comparative molecular docking analysis of essential oil constituents as elastase inhibitors. | elastase is a protease or proteolytic enzyme, responsible for the breakdown of protein. there are eight human genes encoding for elastase, of which elastase-1 (cela-1) and elastase-2 (elane) has significant implications on human diseases. elastase-1 is primarily expressed in skin keratinocytes and is regarded as the major cause for the blistering in bullous pemphigoid, which affects the skin. on the other hand, elastase-2 (elane), is expressed in the azurophil granules of neutrophils, is respons ... | 2012 | 22715299 |
| evaluation of medicinal plant extracts against blood-sucking parasites. | the present study was based on assessments of the antiparasitic activities to determine the efficacies of acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate, hexane, and methanol dried leaf, flower, and seed extracts of cassia auriculata l., rhinacanthus nasutus kurz., solanum torvum swartz, terminalia chebula retz., and vitex negundo linn. were tested against larvae of cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus canestrini, 1887 (acari: ixodidae), adult of haemaphysalis bispinosa neumann, 1897 (acarina: ix ... | 2010 | 20306205 |
| polyphenolic constituents of methanolic and aqueous extracts of vitex negundo render protection to hep3b cells against oxidative cytotoxicity. | this study was aimed at investigating the phenolic constituents of methanolic and aqueous extracts of vitex negundo in context of antioxidant potential and inhibition of oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity. antioxidant efficacies of both extracts were estimated by their abilities to scavenge dpph(*) and to reduce fe(+3) to fe(+2). their protective potential against h(2)o(2)-driven oxidative damage to cells were evaluated by xtt assay in hep3b (human hepatoma) cells. total phenolic content of b ... | 2010 | 20472016 |
| anti-osteoporotic constituents from indian medicinal plants. | the objective of this study was to determine the in vitro osteogenic activities of selected medicinal plants used traditionally in india. the compounds isolated from three plants viz. allophylus serratus, cissus quadrangularis and vitex negundo were evaluated for their in vitro osteogenic activities. primary cultures of osteoblasts were used to determine the effects of these components on osteoblast functions. five of the fourteen compounds isolated led to increase in osteoblast differentiation ... | 2010 | 20554183 |
| large scale screening of ethnomedicinal plants for identification of potential antibacterial compounds. | the global burden of bacterial infections is very high and has been exacerbated by increasing resistance to multiple antibiotics. antibiotic resistance leads to failed treatment of infections, which can ultimately lead to death. to overcome antibiotic resistance, it is necessary to identify new antibacterial agents. in this study, a total of 662 plant extracts (diverse parts) from 222 plant species (82 families, 177 genera) were screened for antibacterial activity using the agar cup plate method ... | 2016 | 26985889 |
| [toxicity of vitex negundo extract to aphids and its co-toxicity with imidacloprid]. | in this paper, the toxicity of vitex negundo seed dichloromethane extract, imidacloprid, and omethoate to aphis citricola, aphis gossypii, and myzus persicae was determined by impregnation method, and the co-toxicity of the seed extract and imidacloprid to a. gossypii as well as the repellent effect of the extract and test insecticides to m. persicae were tested by topical application of capillary tube and by selection in culture dish, respectively. the results showed that the lc50 of v. negundo ... | 2009 | 19637611 |
| geographical influences on content of 10-hydroxy-trans-2-decenoic acid in royal jelly in china. | the content of 10-hydroxy-trans-2-decenoic acid (10-hda), a marker compound in royal jelly (rj), is the most important criterion in grading rj for commercial trade and varies with its origin. to identify the effect of geographical origin on 10-hda content in rj, 138 samples were collected from 19 provinces of china (divided into three groups) produced by either apis mellifera ligustica spinola, 1806 or a hybrid of a. m. ligustica and apis mellifera carnica pollman, 1879 and analyzed for moisture ... | 2013 | 24224235 |
| [stability examination of the inclusion compounds of 8 chinese medicinal volatile oils with beta-cyclodextrin]. | the content, hence the stability of volatile oils and their main components in the inclusion compounds of 8 chinese medicinal volatile oils with beta-cyclodextrin have been examined with different storage times. the 8 chinese medicines are vitex negundo var. heterophylla, notopterygium incisum, alpinia officinarum, atractylodes lancea, pogostenon cablin, asarum heterotropoides var. mandshuricum, schizonepeta tenuifolia and amomum villosum. | 1990 | 2206373 |
| hptlc analysis, antioxidant and antigout activity of indian plants. | the hptlc analysis, antioxidant, and antigout activity of asparagus racemosus, withania somnifera, vitex negundo, plumbago zeylanica, butea monosperma and tephrosia purpurea extracts were investigated. the chemical fingerprinting were carried out by high performance thin layer chromatography (hptlc), antioxidant activity by abts, dpph, frap radical scavenging assays, and antiogout activity by cow milk xanthine oxidase. the hptlc fingerprint qualitatively revealed predominant amount of flavonoids ... | 2014 | 25237348 |
| scientific investigation of crude alkaloids from medicinal plants for the management of pain. | tissue damage is associated with pain, which is an alarming sign. aspirin and morphine have been widely used in recent decades for management of pain. medicinal herbs have been in use for treatment of different diseases for centuries. many of these herbs possess analgesic activity with relatively less incidences of adverse effects. the strong positive correlation of alkaloids in medicinal plants for analgesic activity persuades an intention to determine possible analgesic activity of total alkal ... | 2016 | 27296395 |
| insight into the bronchodilator activity of vitex negundo. | vitex negundo linn. (verbenaceae) is traditionally used in hyperactive respiratory disorders. | 2015 | 25622948 |
| total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and radical scavenging activity of 21 selected tropical plants. | free radical scavenging activity of 21 tropical plant extracts was evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay (dpph). total phenolic compounds and flavonoids were determined using folin-ciocalteu and hplc, respectively. results of the study revealed that all the plants tested exhibited excellent antioxidant activity with ic(50) in the range of 21.3 to 89.6 microg/ml. the most potent activity was demonstrated by cosmos caudatus (21.3 microg/ml) and piper betle (23.0 microg/ml) that are n ... | 2014 | 20492146 |
| in vitro and in vivo bactericidal activity of vitex negundo leaf extract against diverse multidrug resistant enteric bacterial pathogens. | to investigate in vitro and in vivo antibacterial potentials of vitex negundo (v. negundo) leaf extracts against diverse enteric pathogens. | 2013 | 23608373 |
| larvicidal activity and gc-ms analysis of flavonoids of vitex negundo and andrographis paniculata against two vector mosquitoes anopheles stephensi and aedes aegypti. | development of insect resistance to synthetic pesticides, high operational cost and environmental pollution have created the need for developing alternative approaches to control vector-borne diseases. in the present study, larvicidal activity of flavonoid extracts of different parts of vitex negundo (linnaeus) and andrographis paniculata (nees) have been studied against the late iii or early iv instar larvae of aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi (liston). | 2013 | 24220075 |
| mosquito repellent activity of oils from vitex negundo linn. leaves. | oil obtained from stream distillate of v. negundo leaves was fractionated by column chromatography. mosquito repellence activity, as evaluated against aedes aegypti was mainly confined to the most polar fractions. the protection period against mosquito bites by polar fractions ranged between 1-3 h. however, the mean protection period values of these fractions did not show significant increase in the subsequent subfractions. | 1992 | 1398810 |
| pollen analysis of natural honeys from the central region of shanxi, north china. | based on qualitative and quantitative melissopalynological analyses, 19 chinese honeys were classified by botanical origin to determine their floral sources. the honey samples were collected during 2010-2011 from the central region of shanxi province, north china. a diverse spectrum of 61 pollen types from 37 families was identified. fourteen samples were classified as unifloral, whereas the remaining samples were multifloral. bee-favoured families (occurring in more than 50% of the samples) inc ... | 2012 | 23185358 |
| an ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by traditional healers in silent valley of kerala, india. | medicinal plants are treating and preventing a variety disease. there is urgency in recording such data. this is the first ethno botanical study in which statistical calculations about plants are done by icf method. the present study was aimed to identify plants collected for medicinal purposes by the traditional healers of silent valley, located in palakad district of kerala, india and to document the traditional names, preparation and uses of these plants. | 2014 | 24832113 |
| larvicidal activity of a few plant extracts against culex quinquefasciatus and anopheles stephensi. | larvicidal activity of partially purified extracts of leaves of vitex negundo, nerium oleander and seeds of syzygium jambolanum on different instars of culex quinquefasciatus and anopheles stephensi was estimated. petroleum ether (pe): ethyl acetate (ea) 3:1 fraction of v. negundo, 1:1 fractions of n. oleander and s. jambolanum inflicted considerable larval mortality and interfered with pupal-adult metamorphosis. at very low concentration the active fractions of these plant extracts extended the ... | 1995 | 8549835 |
| anti-nephrotoxic activity of some medicinal plants from tribal rich pockets of odisha. | gentamicin, a strong cationic drug accumulated at biological membranes causes net increase in oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation leading to necrotic changes in renal tubles and consequently precipitates acute nephrotoxicity. several phytoconstituents and plants extracts demonstrated significant anti-oxidant and cyto-protective activities. vitex negundo linn. (vn), oroxylum indicum vent. (oi) and barringtonia acutangula linn. (ba) are widely found throughout the asian sub-continent including ... | 2014 | 25002801 |
| effect of solvent residues of vitex negundo linn. and cassia fistula linn. on pulse beetle, callosobruchus maculatus fab. and its larval parasitoid, dinarmus vagabundus (timberlake). | effect of solvent residues of vitex negundo l. and cassia fistula l. leaves (0.5 and 1%) was studied on egg laying and adult emergence of callosobruchus maculatus fab. and on percentage of larval parasitism by dinarmus vagabundus (timberlake). cowpea seeds treated with methanol and aqueous extract of vitex, at these concentrations (0.5 and 1%), significantly reduced the number of eggs and emergence of f1 adults of c. maculatus. both vitex and cassia extracts did not affect the percentage of para ... | 2000 | 10927878 |
| differential larvicidal efficacy of four species of vitex against culex quinquefasciatus larvae. | the early fourth instar larvae of culex quinquefasciatus, reared in the laboratory were used for larvicidal assay with leaf extracts of vitex negundo, vitex trifolia, vitex peduncularis and vitex altissima. the methanol extracts of the four species possessed varying levels of larvicidal nature. the highest larvicidal activity was found with the extract of v. trifolia (lc(50) = 41.41 ppm) followed by v. peduncularis (lc(50) = 76.28 ppm), v. altissima (lc(50) = 128.04 ppm) and v. negundo (lc(50) = ... | 2007 | 17701216 |
| observations on traditional usage of ethnomedicinal plants in humans and animals of kangra and chamba districts of himachal pradesh in north-western himalaya, india. | medicinal plants are frequently used by gaddi and gujjar tribes of kangra and chamba districts of himachal pradesh, india to cure various ailments in humans and livestock. therefore, extensive field work was conducted to document the traditional use of ethnomedicinal plants by these tribes. | 2016 | 27321279 |
| larvicidal activity of fatty acid methyl esters of vitex species against culex quinquefasciatus. | the larvicidal activity of fatty acid methyl ester (fame) extracts of vitex altissima, vitex negundo and vitex trifolia was studied against early fourth-instar larvae of culex quinquefasciatus. the fatty composition was analysed by gas chromatography. the highest percentage of lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and linolenic acid were recorded in v. negundo. the highest percentage of linolenic acid was recorded in v. trifolia. the fame extract of v. trifolia showed the highest ... | 2008 | 18553188 |
| acaricidal activity of cymbopogon winterianus, vitex negundo and withania somnifera against synthetic pyrethroid resistant rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | detection of resistance levels against cypermethrin and deltamethrin, the most commonly used synthetic pyrethroids (sps) against rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus collected from moga, punjab (india) was carried out using larval packet test. results indicated the presence of resistance of level i and iii against cypermethrin (resistance factors (rf) = 4.67) and deltamethrin (rf = 34.2), respectively. adult immersion test was used to assess the acaricidal activity of aqueous and ethanolic extrac ... | 2014 | 24178747 |
| in vitro-scientific evaluation on antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic properties and phytochemical constituents of traditional coastal medicinal plants. | in the present study, evaluation of antimicrobial, antioxidant, phytochemical constituents and toxicological properties of six coastal medicinal plants (cmp's) such as ipomea biloba, cantharanthus roseus, cymbopogon citratus, vitex negundo, thespesia populnea and pandanus tectorius was done. the maximum antimicrobial activity was recorded by methanolic extracts of v. negundo and t. populnea against bacterial and fungal pathogens. similarly, methanolic extracts of v. negundo and t. populnea evide ... | 2016 | 27459122 |
| herbal plants as a promising source of natural antifoulants: evidence from barnacle settlement inhibition. | a series comprising hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol and aqueous extracts from six common chinese herbs (carpesium abrotanoides, melia toosendan, cnidium monnieri, vitex negundo, stemona sp. and sophora flavescens) was investigated for antifouling (af) activity against cypris (cyprids) larvae of the barnacle balanus albicostatus. all extracts tested except the aqueous extract from stemona sp. significantly inhibited the settlement of cyprids, the most potent being the ethyl acetate extract of s. f ... | 2009 | 19169950 |