| leptospires isolated from toads and frogs on the island of barbados. | four pathogenic strains of leptospires were isolated from the kidneys of toads (bufo marinus) and seven from frogs (eleutherodactylus johnstonei). isolates from two toads and one frog belonged to serovar bim, the causative agent of most cases of severe leptospirosis on barbados. the other eight strains belonged to a new serovar within the australis serogroup. the name bajan is proposed for this new serovar of leptospira interrogans. | 1991 | 1741925 |
| leptospires in the whistling frog (eleutherodactylus johnstonei) on barbados. | two groups of whistling frogs (eleutherodactylus johnstonei) comprising 99 and 117 animals were examined for leptospiral infection. group i animals were caught in 14 areas of barbados, and group ii animals in seven areas of suburban bridgetown. leptospires were isolated from the kidneys or body fluid of six frogs in group i and the kidneys of 3 frogs in group ii. two of the group i isolates died out; the others were identified as bajan (a new serovar in the australis serogroup) (6) and bim (autu ... | 1990 | 2325195 |
| perspectives on invasive amphibians in brazil. | introduced species have the potential to become invasive and jeopardize entire ecosystems. the success of species establishing viable populations outside their original extent depends primarily on favorable climatic conditions in the invasive ranges. species distribution modeling (sdm) can thus be used to estimate potential habitat suitability for populations of invasive species. here we review the status of six amphibian species with invasive populations in brazil (four domestic species and two ... | 2017 | 28938024 |
| role of environmental pollutants on immune functions, parasitic infections and limb malformations in marine toads and whistling frogs from bermuda. | soil, water, and amphibian tissues collected between 1995 and 1999 from 15 study sites in bermuda were analysed for pesticides and heavy metals. the most abundant pesticide residue in soil was p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (dde) which was found at all sites in concentrations ranging from 0.003 to 4.023 p.p.m. no pesticide residues were found in water. dde was also recovered from the livers and fat bodies of marine toads (bufo marinus) and whistling frogs (eleutherodactylus johnstonei). a ... | 2003 | 12745335 |
| chromosome banding in amphibia. xxxvi. multimorphic sex chromosomes and an enigmatic sex determination in eleutherodactylus johnstonei (anura, eleutherodactylidae). | a detailed cytogenetic study on the leaf litter frog eleutherodactylus johnstonei from 14 different caribbean islands and the mainlands of venezuela and guyana revealed the existence of multimorphic xy♂/xx♀ sex chromosomes 14. their male sex determination and development depends either on the presence of 2 telocentric chromosomes 14 (xtyt), or on 1 submetacentric chromosome 14 (xsm) plus 1 telocentric chromosome 14 (yt), or on the presence of 2 submetacentric chromosomes 14 (xsmysm). the female ... | 2018 | 29544223 |
| estimates of dna damage by the comet assay in the direct-developing frog eleutherodactylus johnstonei (anura, eleutherodactylidae). | the aim of this study was to use the comet assay to assess genetic damage in the direct-developing frog eleutherodactylus johnstonei. a dna diffusion assay was used to evaluate the effectiveness of alkaline, enzymatic and alkaline/enzymatic treatments for lysing e. johnstonei blood cells and to determine the amount of dna strand breakage associated with apoptosis and necrosis. cell sensitivity to the mutagens bleomycin (blm) and 4-nitro-quinoline-1-oxide (4nqo) was also assessed using the comet ... | 2011 | 22215974 |
| blood puncture as a nondestructive sampling tool to obtain dna in frogs: comparison of protocols and survival analysis. | in molecular biology studies of anura, nondestructive methods to obtain genetic material are needed as alternatives to toe clipping. this work evaluates a nondestructive method for sampling dna from blood puncture, comparing the performance of three different extraction protocols (qiagen kit, salting-out and chelex). we collected 134 individuals of eleutherodactylus johnstonei, extracting blood via puncture of the medial vein using commercial-grade glucometer lancets. we extracted 100-1880 ng dn ... | 2012 | 22240248 |
| toxic, cytotoxic, and genotoxic effects of a glyphosate formulation (roundup®sl-cosmoflux®411f) in the direct-developing frog eleutherodactylus johnstonei. | the aerial spraying of glyphosate formulations in colombia to eradicate illegal crops has generated great concern about its possible impact on nontarget organisms, particularly amphibians. this study evaluated the toxic, cytotoxic, and genotoxic effects of a glyphosate formulation (roundup®sl-cosmoflux®411f) in the direct-developing frog eleutherodactylus johnstonei by estimating the median lethal application rate (lc50 ), median hemolytic application rate (hd50 ), and extent of dna damage using ... | 2013 | 23625742 |
| call intercalation in dyadic interactions in natural choruses of johnstone's whistling frog eleutherodactylus johnstonei (anura: eleutherodactylidae). | communal signaling increases the likelihood of acoustic interference and impairs mate choice; consequently, mechanisms of interference avoidance are expected. adjustment of the timing of the calls between signalers, specifically call alternation, is probably the most efficient strategy. for this reason, in the present study we analyzed call timing in dyads of males of e. johnstonei in six natural assemblages. we addressed whether males entrain their calls with those of other males at the assembl ... | 2016 | 26988233 |
| ontogeny of the vertebral column of eleutherodactylus johnstonei (anura: eleutherodactylidae) reveals heterochronies relative to metamorphic frogs. | over the last century, the morphogenesis of the vertebral column has been considered as a highly conserved process among anurans. this statement is based on the study of few metamorphic taxa, ignoring the role of developmental mechanisms underlying the evolution of specialized life-histories. direct development in anurans has been regarded as evolutionarily derived and involves developmental recapitulation and repatterning at different levels in all amphibian taxa studied so far. herein, we anal ... | 2013 | 23625763 |