| body size variation of culiseta morsitans in relation to vector potential for eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus. | variation in the body size of wild culiseta morsitans collected from massachusetts was examined. no significant size variation was detected at any time during the collection period, nor was there a significant size difference between parous and nulliparous mosquitoes. we conclude that size variation in this species does not affect survivorship, an important aspect of vectorial capacity. | 1990 | 1983021 |
| vector roles of fennoscandian mosquitoes attracted to mammals, birds and frogs. | 1. mosquitoes were sampled with five suction traps, from may to october 1983, at a forest site in south-central sweden. 2. twenty-three species of mosquitoes were identified among the total of 3108 females collected: 4% of them in an unbaited trap, 3% in a trap baited with two frogs, 24% with a guinea-pig, 28% with a hen and 40% in a trap baited with a rabbit. 3. the dominant species of culicidae trapped were 39% aedes communis (de geer), 21% ae. cinereus meigen, 14% coquillettidia richiardii (f ... | 1990 | 1983455 |
| ecologic studies of mosquitoes and birds as hosts of ockelbo virus in sweden and isolation of inkoo and batai viruses from mosquitoes. | field studies were conducted in central sweden from 1983 through 1985 to obtain information on the etiologic agent of ockelbo disease, described in sweden in the 1960s and probably identical to pogosta disease in finland and to karelian fever in the western ussr. mosquitoes (63,644) collected during this 3 year period yielded 21 virus strains. ockelbo virus isolations were from culiseta morsitans (5 strains), culex pipiens and/or cx. torrentium (6 strains), and aedes cinereus (3 strains). inkoo ... | 1989 | 2572178 |
| diel activity patterns of blood-seeking anthropophilic mosquitoes in central sweden. | 1. blood-seeking diel activity cycles of mosquitoes are described from 24 h landing catches on human bait in a field and a forest habitat during june-august in central sweden. 2. daytime activity in the field was low or absent, whilst in the forest activity was relatively even throughout the diel. 3. in both habitats, activity peaks generally occurred about sunset and sunrise and were more distinct in the field than in the forest. 4. data from this and other studies show that, in general, aedes ... | 1988 | 2908783 |
| phenology of trophic amd gonobiologic states in culiseta morsitans and culiseta melanura (diptera: culicidae). | | 1984 | 6141295 |
| epizootiology of eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus in upstate new york, usa. iii. population dynamics and vector potential of adult culiseta morsitans (diptera: culicidae). | | 1981 | 7265134 |
| multiple isolations of eastern equine encephalitis and highlands j viruses from mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) during a 1996 epizootic in southeastern connecticut. | thirty-six isolations of eastern equine encephalitis virus were obtained from 8 species of mosquitoes collected from 5 september through 18 october 1996 during an epizootic in southeastern connecticut. these included culiseta melanura (coquillett) (19 isolates), culex pipiens l. (8), culiseta morsitans (theobald) (3), aedes sollicitans (walker) (2), aedes cantator (coquillett) (1), aedes trivittatus (coquillett) (1), aedes vexans (meigen) (1), and coquillettidia perturbans (walker) (1). isolatio ... | 1998 | 9615549 |
| larvicidal properties of decomposed leaf litter in the subalpine mosquito breeding sites. | the larvicidal properties of the dietary leaf litter originating from the vegetation surrounding the subalpine mosquito breeding sites were investigated by using 10-month decomposed alder leaf litter against different field collections of culicine taxa of various ecological origin (aedes cantans, aedes caspius, aedes cataphylla, aedes detritus, aedes punctor, aedes pullatus, aedes rusticus, anopheles claviger, culex hortensis, culex pipiens, culiseta morsitans). larvae originating from sites wit ... | 2002 | 11804062 |
| infectivity and pathogenicity of a novel baculovirus, cuninpv from culex nigripalpus (diptera: culicidae) for thirteen species and four genera of mosquitoes. | the infectivity and pathogenicity of newly discovered baculovirus, cuninpv (family baculoviridae, genus nucleopolyhedrovirus) originally isolated from the mosquito culex nigripalpus theobald, was evaluated in laboratory bioassys against thirteen species and four genera of mosquitoes native to the northeastern u.s. purified virus at a dosage rate of 1.6 x 10(7) occlusion bodies/ml with 10 mm mg2+ added was used in exposures with second through fourth instars at temperatures ranging from 17 to 27 ... | 2003 | 14680119 |
| mosquito surveillance for west nile virus in southeastern wisconsin--2002. | in 2001, west nile virus (wnv) was identified among dead american crows and bluejays in five counties in southeastern wisconsin. in response to the introduction of wnv, a pilot mosquito surveillance program was initiated in these five southeastern wisconsin counties during the summer of 2002. forty sites were selected for surveillance one night each week during a 17-week period. mosquitoes were collected in carbon dioxide-baited light traps and gravid traps. during the study period 31,419 mosqui ... | 2003 | 15931283 |
| bird-baited traps for surveillance of west nile mosquito vectors: effect of bird species, trap height, and mosquito escape rates. | host-seeking mosquitoes were sampled in bird-baited traps at four sites in new york state in 2003-2004. trap placement and efficacy of chickens, gallus gallus domesticus l., as bait compared with house sparrows, passer domesticus l., an important reservoir of west nile virus (family flaviviridae, genus flavivirus, wnv), was evaluated. each site had a chicken-baited trap near ground level (approximately 1.5 m) and in the tree canopy (approximately 9 m), and a house sparrow-baited trap at ground l ... | 2006 | 16506452 |
| possible ecology and epidemiology of medically important mosquito-borne arboviruses in great britain. | nine different arboviruses are known to be transmitted by, or associated with, mosquitoes in europe, and several (west nile, sindbis and tahyna viruses) are reported to cause outbreaks of human disease. although there have been no reported human cases in great britain (gb), there have been no published in-depth serological surveys for evidence of human infection. this paper investigates the ecological and entomological factors that could influence or restrict transmission of these viruses in gb, ... | 2007 | 16893487 |
| molecular identification of blood-meal sources in culiseta melanura and culiseta morsitans from an endemic focus of eastern equine encephalitis virus in new york. | eastern equine encephalitis (eee) virus perpetuates in an enzootic cycle involving ornithophilic mosquito vectors, principally culiseta melanura (coquillett) and avian amplification hosts. to better understand the role of cs. melanura and culiseta morsitans (theobald) in the epizootiology of eee virus, we collected blood-fed mosquitoes between 31 may and 15 october 2004 at two sites associated with an eee virus focus in central new york and identified the source of vertebrate blood by nucleotide ... | 2006 | 17172382 |
| sindbis virus infection in resident birds, migratory birds, and humans, finland. | sindbis virus (sinv), a mosquito-borne virus that causes rash and arthritis, has been causing outbreaks in humans every seventh year in northern europe. to gain a better understanding of sinv epidemiology in finland, we searched for sinv antibodies in 621 resident grouse, whose population declines have coincided with human sinv outbreaks, and in 836 migratory birds. we used hemagglutination-inhibition and neutralization tests for the bird samples and enzyme immunoassays and hemagglutination-inhi ... | 2008 | 18258075 |
| isolations of jamestown canyon virus (bunyaviridae: orthobunyavirus) from field-collected mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) in connecticut, usa: a ten-year analysis, 1997-2006. | jamestown canyon virus (jcv) (bunyaviridae: orthobunyavirus) is a mosquito-borne zoonosis belonging to the california serogroup. it has a wide geographic distribution, occurring throughout much of temperate north america. white-tailed deer, odocoileus virginianus are the principal amplification hosts, and boreal aedes and ochlerotatus mosquitoes are the primary vectors. a 10-year study was undertaken to identify potential mosquito vectors in connecticut, quantify seasonal prevalence rates of inf ... | 2008 | 18386967 |
| mosquito species richness, composition, and abundance along habitat-climate-elevation gradients in the northern colorado front range. | we exploited elevation gradients (1,500-2,400 m) ranging from plains to montane areas along the poudre river and big thompson river in the northern colorado front range to determine how mosquito species richness, composition, and abundance change along natural habitat-climate-elevation gradients. mosquito collections in 26 sites in 2006 by using co2-baited cdc light traps yielded a total of 7,136 identifiable mosquitoes of 27 species. commonly collected species included aedes vexans (meigen) (n ... | 2008 | 18714885 |
| isolation and phylogenetic analysis of sindbis viruses from mosquitoes in germany. | a molecular survey of 16,057 mosquitoes captured in southwest germany during the summer of 2009 demonstrated the presence of sindbis virus (sinv) in culex spp. and anopheles maculipennis sensu lato. phylogenetic analysis of the german sinv strains linked them with swedish sinv strains, the causative agent of ockelbo disease in humans. | 2010 | 20335414 |
| fecundity of wild-caught gravid culiseta morsitans (diptera: culicidae). | culiseta morsitans (theobald) is a mosquito vector of eastern equine encephalitis virus. gravid cs. morsitans were collected from resting shelters during june-september of 2004 and 2005 associated with a natural breeding area known as toad harbor-big bay wildlife management unit in oswego county, new york. specimens were held individually in water-filled containers to encourage egg laying. conditions in captivity provided three site options for oviposition, as follows: on a paper filter above th ... | 2011 | 21485354 |
| host-feeding patterns of mosquito species in germany. | mosquito-borne pathogens are of growing importance in many countries of europe including germany. at the same time, the transmission cycles of most mosquito-borne pathogens (e.g. viruses or filarial parasites) are not completely understood. there is especially a lack of knowledge about the vector capacity of the different mosquito species, which is strongly influenced by their host-feeding patterns. while this kind of information is important to identify the relevant vector species, e.g. to dire ... | 2016 | 27259984 |
| francisella tularensis subspecies holarctica occurs in swedish mosquitoes, persists through the developmental stages of laboratory-infected mosquitoes and is transmissible during blood feeding. | in sweden, mosquitoes are considered the major vectors of the bacterium francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica, which causes tularaemia. the aim of this study was to investigate whether mosquitoes acquire the bacterium as aquatic larvae and transmit the disease as adults. mosquitoes sampled in a swedish area where tularaemia is endemic (örebro) were positive for the presence of f. tularensis deoxyribonucleic acid throughout the summer. presence of the clinically relevant f. tularensis subsp. h ... | 2013 | 24057273 |
| global emergence of alphaviruses that cause arthritis in humans. | arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) may cause severe emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, which pose a significant threat to human and animal health in the world today. these infectious diseases range from mild febrile illnesses, arthritis, and encephalitis to haemorrhagic fevers. it is postulated that certain environmental factors, vector competence, and host susceptibility have a major impact on the ecology of arboviral diseases. presently, there is a great interest in the emergence ... | 2015 | 26689654 |
| host associations of mosquitoes at eastern equine encephalitis virus foci in connecticut, usa. | eastern equine encephalitis virus (eeev) is a highly pathogenic mosquito-borne arbovirus, with active transmission foci in freshwater hardwood swamps in eastern north america, where enzootic transmission is maintained between the ornithophilic mosquito, culiseta melanura, and wild passerine birds. the role of other locally abundant mosquito species in virus transmission and their associations with vertebrate hosts as sources of blood meals within these foci are largely unknown but are of importa ... | 2016 | 27577939 |
| wolbachia biocontrol strategies for arboviral diseases and the potential influence of resident wolbachia strains in mosquitoes. | arboviruses transmitted by mosquitoes are a major cause of human disease worldwide. the absence of vaccines and effective vector control strategies has resulted in the need for novel mosquito control strategies. the endosymbiotic bacterium wolbachia has been proposed to form the basis for an effective mosquito biocontrol strategy. resident strains of wolbachia inhibit viral replication in drosophila fruit flies and induce a reproductive phenotype known as cytoplasmic incompatibility that allows ... | 2016 | 26925368 |
| insights into the recent emergence and expansion of eastern equine encephalitis virus in a new focus in the northern new england usa. | eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus (eeev) causes a highly pathogenic zoonosis that circulates in an enzootic cycle involving the ornithophagic mosquito, culiseta melanura, and wild passerine birds in freshwater hardwood swamps in the northeastern u.s. epidemic/epizootic transmission to humans/equines typically occurs towards the end of the transmission season and is generally assumed to be mediated by locally abundant and contiguous mammalophagic "bridge vector" mosquitoes. | 2015 | 26453283 |
| current status of invasive mosquito surveillance in the uk. | non-native invasive mosquitoes have for many years made incursions into europe, and are now established in many european countries. the continued european importation of potential vectors and their expansion within europe increases their potential for importation and establishment in the uk. coupled with increasing numbers of returning dengue and chikungunya infected travellers, the potential exists for transmission of vector borne disease in new regions. | 2015 | 26122427 |
| the first outbreak of eastern equine encephalitis in vermont: outbreak description and phylogenetic relationships of the virus isolate. | the first known outbreak of eastern equine encephalitis (eee) in vermont occurred on an emu farm in rutland county in 2011. the first isolation of eee virus (eeev) in vermont (vt11) was during this outbreak. phylogenetic analysis revealed that vt11 was most closely related to fl01, a strain from florida isolated in 2001, which is both geographically and temporally distinct from vt11. eeev rna was not detected in any of the 3,905 mosquito specimens tested, and the specific vectors associated with ... | 2015 | 26043136 |
| an epizootic of eastern equine encephalitis virus, maine, usa in 2009: outbreak description and entomological studies. | from july to september, 2009, an outbreak of eastern equine encephalitis virus (eeev) occurred in five counties in maine. the virus was isolated from 15 horses, 1 llama, and pheasants in three separate captive flocks. one wild turkey, screened before translocation, also showed exposure to the virus in january 2010. two pools of culiseta melanura (coquillett) tested positive for eeev during routine seasonal surveillance in york county in september, but none of the mosquitoes collected during rapi ... | 2012 | 23208877 |
| development of a multi-target taqman assay to detect eastern equine encephalitis virus variants in mosquitoes. | disease outbreaks caused by eastern equine encephalitis virus (eeev; togaviridae, alphavirus) may be prevented by implementing effective surveillance and intervention strategies directed against the mosquito vector. methods for eeev detection in mosquitoes include a real-time reverse transcriptase pcr technique (taqman assay), but we report its failure to detect variants isolated in connecticut in 2011, due to a single base-pair mismatch in the probe-binding site. to improve the molecular detect ... | 2012 | 22835151 |
| detection of sindbis and inkoo virus rna in genetically typed mosquito larvae sampled in northern sweden. | mosquito-borne viruses have a widespread distribution across the globe and are known to pose serious threats to human and animal health. the maintenance and dissemination of these viruses in nature are driven through horizontal and vertical transmission. in the temperate climate of northern sweden, there is a dearth of knowledge on whether mosquito-borne viruses that occur are transmitted transovarially. to gain a better understanding of mosquito-borne virus circulation and maintenance, mosquito ... | 2016 | 27159120 |
| larval habitat characteristics of the genus anopheles (diptera: culicidae) and a checklist of mosquitoes in guilan province, northern iran. | ecological data are important in the vector control management of mosquitoes. there is scattered published information about the larval habitat characteristics and ecology of the genus anopheles (diptera: culicidae) in iran and most of available data is in relation to malaria vectors in southern iran. | 2011 | 22808409 |
| culex torrentium mosquito role as major enzootic vector defined by rate of sindbis virus infection, sweden, 2009. | we isolated sindbis virus (sinv) from the enzootic mosquito vectors culex torrentium, cx. pipiens, and culiseta morsitans collected in an area of sweden where sinv disease is endemic. the infection rate in cx. torrentium mosquitoes was exceptionally high (36 infections/1,000 mosquitoes), defining cx. torrentium as the main enzootic vector of sinv in scandinavia. | 0 | 25898013 |
| impacts of the creation, expansion and management of english wetlands on mosquito presence and abundance - developing strategies for future disease mitigation. | the incidence of mosquito-borne diseases is increasing in europe, partly due to the incursion of a number of invasive species known to be vectors of dengue and chikungunya viruses, but also due to the involvement of native species in the transmission of west nile virus and malaria. for some of these pathogens, there is a risk of the re-emergence of vector-borne diseases that were once widespread in europe, but declined partly due to large-scale land-drainage projects. some mosquito species explo ... | 2015 | 25889666 |
| north american wetlands and mosquito control. | wetlands are valuable habitats that provide important social, economic, and ecological services such as flood control, water quality improvement, carbon sequestration, pollutant removal, and primary/secondary production export to terrestrial and aquatic food chains. there is disagreement about the need for mosquito control in wetlands and about the techniques utilized for mosquito abatement and their impacts upon wetlands ecosystems. mosquito control in wetlands is a complex issue influenced by ... | 2012 | 23222252 |
| field evaluation of four widely used mosquito traps in central europe. | to monitor adult mosquitoes several trapping devices are available. these are differently constructed and use various mechanisms for mosquito attraction, thus resulting in different trapping sensitivities and efficacies for the various species. mosquito monitoring and surveillance programs in europe use various types of mosquito traps, but only a few comparisons have been conducted so far. this study compared the performance of four commercial trapping devices, which are commonly used in europe. | 2014 | 24924481 |
| assessing the use of diurnal resting shelters by culiseta melanura (diptera: culicidae). | twenty resting shelters were set on the edge of a known culiseta breeding habitat in four groups of five to support a 4 x 4 latin square field experiment. collection times were 0900, 1100, 1300, and 1500 hours and systematically rotated for the order by which each group of five boxes was collected. mosquitoes were collected from resting shelters by chloroform anesthetization. collections were identified to species, sex, and physiological status of the females (nonblooded or blood-fed and gravid) ... | 0 | 21845953 |
| molecular species identification, host preference and detection of myxoma virus in the anopheles maculipennis complex (diptera: culicidae) in southern england, uk. | determining the host feeding patterns of mosquitoes by identifying the origin of their blood-meals is an important part of understanding the role of vector species in current and future disease transmission cycles. collecting large numbers of blood-fed mosquitoes from the field is difficult, therefore it is important to maximise the information obtained from each specimen. this study aimed to use mosquito genome sequence to identify the species within anopheles maculipennis sensu lato (an. macul ... | 2015 | 26271277 |
| roles of host species, geographic separation, and isolation in the seroprevalence of jamestown canyon and snowshoe hare viruses in newfoundland. | california serogroup viruses, including jamestown canyon virus (jcv) and snowshoe hare virus (sshv), are mosquito-borne members of the bunyaviridae family and are endemic across north america. these arboviruses are potential pathogens which occasionally cause neuroinvasive disease in humans and livestock. a neutralization assay was used to document jcv and sshv seroprevalence using blood collected from a variety of domestic and wildlife host species. these species were sampled in an island setti ... | 2012 | 22798366 |
| high prevalence and lineage diversity of avian malaria in wild populations of great tits (parus major) and mosquitoes (culex pipiens). | avian malaria studies have taken a prominent place in different aspects of evolutionary ecology. despite a recent interest in the role of vectors within the complex interaction system of the malaria parasite, they have largely been ignored in most epidemiological studies. epidemiology of the disease is however strongly related to the vector's ecology and behaviour, and there is a need for basic investigations to obtain a better picture of the natural associations between plasmodium lineages, vec ... | 2012 | 22506060 |
| first evidence and predictions of plasmodium transmission in alaskan bird populations. | the unprecedented rate of change in the arctic climate is expected to have major impacts on the emergence of infectious diseases and host susceptibility to these diseases. it is predicted that malaria parasites will spread to both higher altitudes and latitudes with global warming. here we show for the first time that avian plasmodium transmission occurs in the north american arctic. over a latitudinal gradient in alaska, from 61°n to 67°n, we collected blood samples of resident and migratory bi ... | 2012 | 23028595 |
| vector-host interactions and epizootiology of eastern equine encephalitis virus in massachusetts. | eastern equine encephalitis (eee) virus is a highly pathogenic mosquito-borne zoonosis that is responsible for outbreaks of severe disease in humans and equines, resulting in high mortality or severe neurological impairment in most survivors. in the northeastern united states, eee virus is maintained in an enzootic cycle involving the ornithophilic mosquito, culiseta melanura (coquillett) and passerine birds in freshwater swamp habitats. to evaluate the role of cs. melanura and culiseta morsitan ... | 2013 | 23473221 |
| detection and isolation of sindbis virus from mosquitoes captured during an outbreak in sweden, 2013. | mosquito-borne alphaviruses have the potential to cause large outbreaks throughout the world. here we investigated the causative agent of an unexpected sindbis virus (sinv) outbreak during august-september, 2013, in a previously nonendemic region of sweden. mosquitoes were collected using carbon dioxide-baited cdc traps at locations close to human cases. the mosquitoes were initially screened as large pools by sinv-specific quantitative rt-pcr, and the sinv-positive mosquitoes were species deter ... | 2015 | 25700044 |
| differential particle uptake by larvae of three mosquito species (diptera: culicidae). | second and fourth instars of culex quinquefasciatus say and aedes aegypti (l.) and fourth instars of culiseta morsitans (theobald) were fed five size classes of latex particles ranging from 0.56 to 5.75 microns. each experimental run was done on two size classes of particles mixed in different proportions of 10:90, 50:50, and 90:10. both the gut contents and the food mixtures were analyzed by flow cytometry, and the particle percentage composition was determined. the null hypothesis that no part ... | 1993 | 8099623 |
| species composition, co-occurrence, association and affinity indices of mosquito larvae (diptera: culicidae) in mazandaran province, northern iran. | although considerable progress has been made in the past years in management of mosquito borne diseases such as malaria, dengue, yellow fever and west nile fever through research in biology and ecology of the vectors, these diseases are still major threats to human health. therefore, more research is required for better management of the diseases. this investigation provides information on the composition, co-occurrence, association and affinity indices of mosquito larvae in mazandaran province, ... | 2016 | 26805471 |
| use of the continuity principle to evaluate water processing rate of suspension-feeding mosquito larvae. | water processing rates of active suspension-feeding larvae of culiseta morsitans and culex quinquefasciatus 2nd and 4th instars were estimated through video image analysis of the conical jet flow driving the large recirculation patterns surrounding the organisms. in accordance with the principle of continuity, individual processing rates (prs) were assessed by averaging a series of consecutive flow rates (qx) defined as the product of the water velocity (ux) and the associated cross-sectional ar ... | 1999 | 10412118 |
| a gynandromorph of culiseta morsitans. | a gynandromorph of culiseta morsitans was found in a collection made from resting shelters located near the village of central square, oswego county, new york in june of 2004. this is the 1 st report of a gynandromorph of this species. the polar (anterior posterior) gynandromorph possessed a head and legs with male characteristics, and an abdomen with female characteristics. the specimen is further described and compared to a normal male and female of this species. | 2007 | 17939517 |
| new state record for culiseta morsitans in colorado. | culiseta (culicella) morsitans is reported for the first time from colorado. collections from the rocky mountains in the northern part of the state extend the range of this species approximately 300 km south and east of previous records. | 1994 | 7707069 |
| first record of culiseta morsitans from wyoming. | | 1994 | 7807098 |
| fauna, ecological characteristics, and checklist of the mosquitoes in mazandaran province, northern iran. | mosquitoes are important vectors of human and animal diseases. this study updates current knowledge on fauna, dominance, and distribution of mosquitoes in mazandaran province, northern iran, to inform disease control effort. larval collections, using standard dippers or droppers, and adult collections, using total catches, shelter pits, cdc light traps, and human landing catches, were performed monthly in 30 villages across 16 counties, from may to december 2014. ovitraps, baited with hay infusi ... | 2018 | 29325101 |
| twenty years of surveillance for eastern equine encephalitis virus in mosquitoes in new york state from 1993 to 2012. | the year 1971 was the first time in new york state (nys) that eastern equine encephalitis virus (eeev) was identified in mosquitoes, in culiseta melanura and culiseta morsitans. at that time, state and county health departments began surveillance for eeev in mosquitoes. | 2018 | 29941031 |