| experimental transmission of a microsporidian pathogen from mosquitoes to an alternate copepod host. | meiospores of a microsporidian parasite amblyospora sp. (protozoa: microspora) from larval aedes cantator mosquitoes were directly infectious to an alternate copepod host, acanthocyclops vernalis (arthropoda: crustacea). infections ranged from 6.7% to 60.0% in laboratory tests when meiospores and copepods were maintained together for 10-30 days in filtered water from the breeding site or in a balanced salt solution. pathogen development takes place within host adipose tissue and is fatal to the ... | 1985 | 3860877 |
| an epizootic amblyospora sp. (microspora: amblyosporidae) in field populations of the mosquito, aedes cantator. | | 1983 | 6417246 |
| multiple isolations of eastern equine encephalitis and highlands j viruses from mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) during a 1996 epizootic in southeastern connecticut. | thirty-six isolations of eastern equine encephalitis virus were obtained from 8 species of mosquitoes collected from 5 september through 18 october 1996 during an epizootic in southeastern connecticut. these included culiseta melanura (coquillett) (19 isolates), culex pipiens l. (8), culiseta morsitans (theobald) (3), aedes sollicitans (walker) (2), aedes cantator (coquillett) (1), aedes trivittatus (coquillett) (1), aedes vexans (meigen) (1), and coquillettidia perturbans (walker) (1). isolatio ... | 1998 | 9615549 |
| epidemiology of west nile virus in connecticut: a five-year analysis of mosquito data 1999-2003. | two hundred and ten isolations of west nile virus (wnv) were obtained from 17 mosquito species in six genera in statewide surveillance conducted in connecticut from june through october, 1999-2003. culex pipiens (86), culex salinarius (32), culex restuans (26), culiseta melanura (32), and aedes vexans (12) were implicated as the most likely vectors of wnv in the region based on virus isolation data. culex pipiens was abundant from july through september and is likely involved in early season enz ... | 2004 | 15682518 |
| entomopathogenic fungi for mosquito control: a review. | fungal diseases in insects are common and widespread and can decimate their populations in spectacular epizootics. virtually all insect orders are susceptible to fungal diseases, including dipterans. fungal pathogens such as lagenidium, coelomomyces and culicinomyces are known to affect mosquito populations, and have been studied extensively. there are, however, many other fungi that infect and kill mosquitoes at the larval and/or adult stage. the discovery, in 1977, of the selective mosquito-pa ... | 2004 | 15861235 |
| evolutionary strategies and adaptations for survival between mosquito-parasitic microsporidia and their intermediate copepod hosts: a comparative examination of amblyospora connecticus and hyalinocysta chapmani (microsporidia: amblyosporidae). | the epizootiology, transmission dynamics, and survival strategies employed by two mosquito-parasitic microsporidia that utilize copepods as intermediate hosts are examined in relation to the biological attributes of their hosts and the environments in which they inhabit. amblyospora connecticus andreadis, 1988, a parasite of ochlerotatus cantator (coquillett) and acanthocyclops vernalis (fischer) is found in an unstable salt marsh environment that is subject to periodic flooding and drying. both ... | 2005 | 16004361 |
| morphological and molecular characterization of a cypovirus (reoviridae) from the mosquito uranotaenia sapphirina (diptera: culicidae). | a novel cypovirus has been isolated from the mosquito uranotaenia sapphirina (uscpv) and shown to cause a chronic infection confined to the cytoplasm of epithelial cells of the gastric ceca and posterior stomach. the production of large numbers of virions and inclusion bodies and their arrangement into paracrystalline arrays gives the gut of infected insects a distinctive blue iridescence. the virions, which were examined by electron microscopy, are icosahedral (55 to 65 nm in diameter) with a c ... | 2005 | 16014906 |
| the distribution of hatching time in anopheles gambiae. | knowledge of the ecological differences between the molecular forms of anopheles gambiae and their sibling species, an. arabiensis might lead to understanding their unique contribution to disease transmission and to better vector control as well as to understanding the evolutionary forces that have separated them. | 2006 | 16553960 |
| west nile virus from female and male mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) in subterranean, ground, and canopy habitats in connecticut. | in total, 93,532 female mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) were captured in traps placed in subterranean (catch basin), ground (approximately 1.5 m above ground), and canopy (approximately 7.0 m above ground) habitats in stamford and stratford, ct, during 2003-2005. culex pipiens l. was the most abundant (64.8%) of the 31 species identified. significantly greater numbers of cx. pipiens were captured in canopy-placed mosquito magnet experimental traps, and significantly greater numbers were collecte ... | 2006 | 17017241 |
| nocturnal activity of mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) in a west nile virus focus in connecticut. | six species of mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) were collected in sufficient numbers for analysis in segregating traps set at 2-h intervals by using co2 and light as attractants in a west nile virus (family flaviviridae, genus flavivirus, wnv) focus in stratford, ct. the kolmogorov-smirnov one-sided test for two samples was used to analyze the data. mosquito activity began shortly before sunset and continued until shortly after sunrise the next morning. all species had geometric means that were s ... | 2007 | 18047212 |
| host-feeding patterns of potential mosquito vectors in connecticut, u.s.a.: molecular analysis of bloodmeals from 23 species of aedes, anopheles, culex, coquillettidia, psorophora, and uranotaenia. | we evaluated the blood-feeding patterns in several mosquito species that may serve as vectors of disease agents in the northeastern united states. blood-fed mosquitoes were collected from 91 different sites throughout connecticut over a 6-yr period (june-october 2002-2007), and the host-feeding patterns of 23 mosquito species representing six genera were examined by using a polymerase chain reaction-based assay and sequencing portions of the cytochrome b gene of mitochondrial dna. this study was ... | 2008 | 19058640 |
| blood feeding patterns of mosquitoes: random or structured? | abstract: | 2010 | 20205866 |
| vector-host interactions of culiseta melanura in a focus of eastern equine encephalitis virus activity in southeastern virginia. | eastern equine encephalitis virus (eeev) causes a highly pathogenic mosquito-borne zoonosis that is responsible for sporadic outbreaks of severe illness in humans and equines in the eastern usa. culiseta (cs.) melanura is the primary vector of eeev in most geographic regions but its feeding patterns on specific avian and mammalian hosts are largely unknown in the mid-atlantic region. the objectives of our study were to: 1) identify avian hosts of cs. melanura and evaluate their potential role in ... | 2015 | 26327226 |
| predicting the mosquito species and vertebrate species involved in the theoretical transmission of rift valley fever virus in the united states. | rift valley fever virus (rvfv) is a mosquito-borne virus in the family bunyaviridiae that has spread throughout continental africa to madagascar and the arabian peninsula. the establishment of rvfv in north america would have serious consequences for human and animal health in addition to a significant economic impact on the livestock industry. published and unpublished data on rvfv vector competence, vertebrate host competence, and mosquito feeding patterns from the united states were combined ... | 2014 | 25211133 |
| the roles of mosquito and bird communities on the prevalence of west nile virus in urban wetland and residential habitats. | this study investigated the impacts of urban wetlands and their adjacent residential environments on the transmission dynamics of west nile virus (wnv) within the state of new jersey (usa). a working hypothesis was that urban wetlands decrease the local prevalence of wnv through the dilution effect from increased bird diversity, and through relative reductions in the numbers of competent avian host and mosquito species commonly associated with wnv. surveys of mosquito and bird communities were u ... | 0 | 25484570 |
| north american wetlands and mosquito control. | wetlands are valuable habitats that provide important social, economic, and ecological services such as flood control, water quality improvement, carbon sequestration, pollutant removal, and primary/secondary production export to terrestrial and aquatic food chains. there is disagreement about the need for mosquito control in wetlands and about the techniques utilized for mosquito abatement and their impacts upon wetlands ecosystems. mosquito control in wetlands is a complex issue influenced by ... | 2012 | 23222252 |
| a tale of two city blocks: differences in immature and adult mosquito abundances between socioeconomically different urban blocks in baltimore (maryland, usa). | infrastructure degradation in many post-industrial cities has increased the availability of potential mosquito habitats, including container habitats that support infestations of invasive disease-vectors. this study is unique in examining both immature and adult mosquito abundance across the fine-scale variability in socio-economic condition that occurs block-to-block in many cities. we hypothesized that abundant garbage associated with infrastructure degradation would support greater mosquito p ... | 2014 | 24651396 |
| review article: research on dengue during world war ii revisited. | much of the basic clinical information about dengue infection comes from experimental human studies conducted in the 1920s and 1940s. albert sabin's original laboratory records from one such study were bequeathed to duane j. gubler. these records were reviewed and 150 experiments were included in our analyses. persons were inoculated with dengue virus 1 (denv-1) and denv-2. median fever duration was shorter in primary denv-2 infections compared with denv-1, although maximum temperature and sever ... | 2014 | 25311700 |
| aquatic insects of new york salt marsh associated with mosquito larval habitat and their potential utility as bioindicators. | the aquatic insect fauna of salt marshes is poorly characterized, with the possible exception of biting diptera. aquatic insects play a vital role in salt marsh ecology, and have great potential importance as biological indicators for assessing marsh health. in addition, they may be impacted by measures to control mosquitoes such as changes to the marsh habitat, altered hydrology, or the application of pesticides. given these concerns, the goals of this study were to conduct the first taxonomic ... | 0 | 22957707 |
| the evolution of bet-hedging adaptations to rare scenarios. | when faced with a variable environment, organisms may switch between different strategies according to some probabilistic rule. in an infinite population, evolution is expected to favor the rule that maximizes geometric mean fitness. if some environments are encountered only rarely, selection may not be strong enough for optimal switching probabilities to evolve. here we calculate the evolution of switching probabilities in a finite population by analyzing fixation probabilities of alleles speci ... | 2007 | 17915273 |
| verification of intermediate hosts in the life cycles of microsporidia by small subunit rdna sequencing. | small subunit rdna sequences were obtained from field-collected amblyospora connecticus (microsporida: amblyosporidae) spores isolated from the mosquito, aedes cantator (diptera: culicidae), and from field collected spores isolated from the putative intermediate host, acanthocyclops vernalis (copepoda: cyclopidae). the ribosomal dna sequences of the spores isolated from the two hosts were identical. these findings corroborate previous laboratory transmission studies and validate the intermediary ... | 2007 | 9627989 |
| epizootiology of amblyospora connecticus (microsporida) in field populations of the saltmarsh mosquito, aedes cantator, and the cyclopoid copepod, acanthocyclops vernalis. | the natural ecology of a heterosporous microsporidium, amblyospora connecticus was investigated at three different salt marsh habitats during 1986-1989. the parasite has a well-defined seasonal transmission cycle that occurs regularly each year and intimately involves the primary mosquito host, aedes cantator, and the intermediate copepod host, acanthocyclops vernalis. in the spring, the microsporidium is horizontally transmitted from the copepod, where it appears to overwinter, to the mosquito ... | 2009 | 2359045 |
| re: "infection of a field population of aedes cantator with a polymorphic microsporidium amblyospora connecticus via release of the intermediate copepod host, acanthocyclops vernalis". | | 1989 | 2614418 |
| host specificity of amblyospora connecticus (microsporida: amblyosporidae), a polymorphic microsporidian parasite of aedes cantator (diptera: culicidae). | amblyospora connecticus andreadis, a microsporidian parasite of the brown saltmarsh mosquito, aedes cantator (coquillett), was successfully transmitted to ae. atropalpus (coquillett), ae. epactius dyar and knab, ae. sierrensis (ludlow), and ae. triseriatus (say) following larval exposure to spores from the intermediate copepod host, acanthocyclops vernalis (fischer). the microsporidium underwent normal vegetative growth and multiplication in fat body, muscle, and malpighian tubule tissues of all ... | 1989 | 2724310 |
| infection of a field population of aedes cantator with a polymorphic microsporidium, amblyospora connecticus via release of the intermediate copepod host, acanthocyclops vernalis. | the microsporidium amblyospora connecticus was successfully introduced into a larval field population of aedes cantator via the release of the infected intermediate copepod host, acanthocyclops vernalis. the tests were conducted in 3 steel drums that were centrally placed within a salt marsh pool that supports breeding populations of both hosts. a total of 2.7 x 10(4) 2nd-instar ae. cantator larvae were exposed to spore doses ranging from 2.0 x 10(3) to 2.8 x 10(4) spores/larva through the relea ... | 1989 | 2708994 |
| a checklist of the 67 mosquito species of ontario, canada. | we provide an updated checklist of 67 endemic mosquito species known from ontario, canada. nine endemic species are added to the checklist found in darsie and ward (2005) : aedes cantator, ae. churchillensis, ae. nigripes, ae. pullatus, anopheles perplexens, an. crucians, an. smaragdinus, culex erraticus, and cx. salinarius. only 4 specimens of ae. albopictus have been recorded in ontario since 2001 despite concerted efforts to find this species; therefore, it is considered an "accidental" speci ... | 2015 | 25843183 |
| observations on installment egg hatching in the brown saltmarsh mosquito, aedes cantator. | field collected, first generation female aedes cantator were shown to produce heterogeneous eggs that exhibit variable hatch in response to serial inundations and cold conditioning in the laboratory. nearly 85% of the egg batches exhibited some hatch with the first flooding, representing 69.4% of the total overall hatch. however, 56% of the same egg batches displayed further hatch with subsequent floodings and 34% showed partial hatch before and after cold conditioning. the significance of these ... | 1990 | 2098485 |
| dispersal behavior and vector potential of aedes cantator (diptera: culicidae) in southern maryland. | | 1981 | 7265135 |