| insect's intestinal organ for symbiont sorting. | symbiosis has significantly contributed to organismal adaptation and diversification. for establishment and maintenance of such host-symbiont associations, host organisms must have evolved mechanisms for selective incorporation, accommodation, and maintenance of their specific microbial partners. here we report the discovery of a previously unrecognized type of animal organ for symbiont sorting. in the bean bug riptortus pedestris, the posterior midgut is morphologically differentiated for harbo ... | 2015 | 26324935 |
| laccase2 is required for cuticular pigmentation in stinkbugs. | during the maturation of insect cuticle, protein-protein and protein-chitin crosslinkages are formed by the action of diphenoloxidases. two types of diphenoloxidases, laccases and tyrosinases, are present in the insect cuticle. in coleopteran and hymenopteran insects, laccase2 gene has been identified as encoding an enzyme principally responsible for cuticular pigmentation and hardening, whereas biological roles of laccase genes in hemimetabolous insects remain to be established. here we identif ... | 2010 | 21167282 |
| specific developmental window for establishment of an insect-microbe gut symbiosis. | the alydid stinkbug riptortus pedestris is specifically associated with a beneficial burkholderia symbiont in the midgut crypts. exceptional among insect-microbe mutualistic associations, the burkholderia symbiont is not vertically transmitted but orally acquired by nymphal insects from the environment every generation. here we experimentally investigated the process of symbiont acquisition during the nymphal development of r. pedestris. in a field population, many 2(nd) instar nymphs were burkh ... | 2011 | 21531836 |
| photoperiod regulates growth of male accessory glands through juvenile hormone signaling in the linden bug, pyrrhocoris apterus. | adult reproductive diapause is characterized by lower behavioral activity, ceased reproduction and absence of juvenile hormone (jh). the role of jh receptor methoprene-tolerant (met) in female reproduction is well established; however, its function in male reproductive development and behavior is unclear. in the bean bug, riptortus pedestris, circadian genes are essential for mediating photoperiodically-dependent growth of the male accessory glands (mags). the present study explores the role of ... | 2016 | 26826599 |
| refrigerated eggs of riptortus pedestris (hemiptera: alydidae) added to aggregation pheromone traps increase field parasitism in soybean. | riptortus pedestris (f.) (hemiptera: alydidae) is a key pest of soybean [glycine max (l.) merr.] in korea and japan. aggregation pheromone traps have been used to attract r. pedestris. an aggregation pheromone, produced by males of r. pedestris, also attracts the egg parasitoid, ooencyrtus nezarae ishii (hymenoptera: encyrtidae). as a new method of pest management, we propose the use of nonviable host eggs in the pheromone trap together to both trap r. pedestris and propagate parasitoids on host ... | 2011 | 22299342 |
| gut symbiotic bacteria stimulate insect growth and egg production by modulating hexamerin and vitellogenin gene expression. | recent studies have suggested that gut symbionts modulate insect development and reproduction. however, the mechanisms by which gut symbionts modulate host physiologies and the molecules involved in these changes are unclear. to address these questions, we prepared three different groups of the insect riptortus pedestris: burkholderia gut symbiont-colonized (sym) insects, burkholderia-non-colonized (apo) insects, and burkholderia-depleted (symburk-) insects, which were fed tetracycline. when the ... | 2017 | 27932027 |
| bacterial cell wall synthesis gene uppp is required for burkholderia colonization of the stinkbug gut. | to establish a host-bacterium symbiotic association, a number of factors involved in symbiosis must operate in a coordinated manner. in insects, bacterial factors for symbiosis have been poorly characterized at the molecular and biochemical levels, since many symbionts have not yet been cultured or are as yet genetically intractable. recently, the symbiotic association between a stinkbug, riptortus pedestris, and its beneficial gut bacterium, burkholderia sp., has emerged as a promising experime ... | 2013 | 23747704 |
| females of riptortus pedestris (hemiptera: alydidae) in reproductive diapause are more responsive to synthetic aggregation pheromone. | riptortus pedestris (fabricius) (hemiptera: alydidae) enters reproductive diapause under short-day length (< 13.5 h) conditions. as an apparent increase of field populations of r. pedestris has been observed during the fall when aggregation pheromone traps are placed in soybean fields, we tested the hypothesis that r. pedestris becomes more responsive to the aggregation pheromone during fall as it enters its reproductive diapause. the response of r. pedestris females-either ones collected season ... | 2016 | 27417638 |
| whole-genome sequence of burkholderia sp. strain rpe67, a bacterial gut symbiont of the bean bug riptortus pedestris. | burkholderia sp. strain rpe67 is a bacterial symbiont isolated from a field-collected bean bug, riptortus pedestris. to understand the genetic basis of the insect-microbe symbiosis, we performed whole-genome sequencing of the burkholderia strain, revealing an 8.69-mb genome consisting of three chromosomes and three plasmids. | 2014 | 24948758 |
| the symbiotic role of o-antigen of burkholderia symbiont in association with host riptortus pedestris. | riptortus pedestris harboring burkholderia symbiont is a useful symbiosis model to study the molecular interactions between insects and bacteria. we recently reported that the lipopolysaccharide o-antigen is absent in the burkholderia symbionts isolated from riptortus guts. here, we investigated the symbiotic role of o-antigen comprehensively in the riptortus-burkholderia model. firstly, burkholderia mutant strains deficient of o-antigen biosynthesis genes were generated and confirmed for their ... | 2016 | 26875632 |
| gene expression in gut symbiotic organ of stinkbug affected by extracellular bacterial symbiont. | the bean bug riptortus pedestris possesses a specialized symbiotic organ in a posterior region of the midgut, where numerous crypts harbor extracellular betaproteobacterial symbionts of the genus burkholderia. second instar nymphs orally acquire the symbiont from the environment, and the symbiont infection benefits the host by facilitating growth and by occasionally conferring insecticide resistance. here we performed comparative transcriptomic analyses of insect genes expressed in symbiotic and ... | 2013 | 23691247 |
| a specific cathepsin-l-like protease purified from an insect midgut shows antibacterial activity against gut symbiotic bacteria. | because gut symbiotic bacteria affect host biology, host insects are expected to evolve some mechanisms for regulating symbiont population. the bean bug, riptortus pedestris, harbors the burkholderia genus as a gut symbiont in the midgut organ, designated as the m4 region. recently, we demonstrated that the lysate of m4b, the region adjacent to m4, harbors potent antibacterial activity against symbiotic burkholderia but not to cultured burkholderia. however, the bona fide substance responsible f ... | 2015 | 26159404 |
| burkholderia gut symbionts enhance the innate immunity of host riptortus pedestris. | the relation between gut symbiosis and immunity has been reported in various animal model studies. here, we corroborate the effect of gut symbiont to host immunity using the bean bug model. the bean bug, riptortus pedestris, is a useful gut symbiosis model due to the monospecific gut symbiont, genus burkholderia. to examine the effect of gut symbiosis to host immunity, we generated the gut symbiont-harboring (symbiotic) insect line and the gut symbiont-lacking (aposymbiotic) insect line. upon ba ... | 2015 | 26164198 |
| up-regulation of carbon metabolism-related glyoxylate cycle and toxin production in beauveria bassiana jef-007 during infection of bean bug, riptortus pedestris (hemiptera: alydidae). | beauveria bassiana (bb) is used as an environment-friendly biopesticide. however, the molecular mechanisms of bb-host interactions are not well understood. herein, rna isolated from b. bassiana (bb jef-007) and riptortus pedestris (hemiptera: alydidae) infected with this strain were firstly subjected to high-throughput next generation sequencing (ngs) to analyze and compare transcriptomes. due to lack of fungal and host genome information, fungal transcriptome was processed to partially exclude ... | 2016 | 27647240 |
| a novel picorna-like virus, riptortus pedestris virus-1 (ripv-1), found in the bean bug, r. pedestris, after fungal infection. | a viral genome was assembled de novo from next-generation sequencing (ngs) data from bean bugs, riptortus pedestris, infected with an entomopathogenic fungus, beauveria bassiana (bb), and was further confirmed via the race method. this is a novel insect positive-sense single-stranded rna virus, which we named riptortus pedestris virus-1 (ripv-1) (genbank accession no. ku958718). the genome of ripv-1 consists of 10,554 nucleotides (nt), excluding the poly(a) tail, which contains a single large op ... | 2016 | 27840139 |
| characterization of t-dna insertion mutants with decreased virulence in the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana jef-007. | the bean bug, riptortus pedestris, is a major agricultural pest that reduces crop quality and value. chemical pesticides have contributed to pest management, but resistance to these chemicals has significantly limited their use. alternative strategies with different modes of action, such as entomopathogenic fungi, are therefore of great interest. herein, we explored how entomopathogenic fungi can potentially be used to control the bean bug and focused on identifying virulence-related genes. beau ... | 2016 | 27470140 |
| pheromonal cross-attraction in true bugs (heteroptera): attraction of piezodorus hybneri (pentatomidae) to its pheromone versus the pheromone of riptortus pedestris (alydidae). | we investigated the attractiveness of a synthetic form of the pheromone of the soybean stink bug, piezodorus hybneri (gmelin), under field conditions, and compared it with that of (e)-2-hexenyl (e)-2-hexenoate, a pheromone component of a competitor, riptortus pedestris (fabricius). many adult stink bugs were attracted to traps baited with 100 mg of the synthetic pheromone (1: 1: one mixture of ß-sesquiphellandrene, (r)-15-hexadecanolide, and methyl (z)-8-hexadecenoate), but few were attracted t ... | 2010 | 22182564 |
| afferent neural pathways from the photoperiodic receptor in the bean bug, riptortus pedestris. | adult diapause in the bean bug, riptortus pedestris, is controlled by the photoperiod, which is received by retinal cells in the central region of the compound eyes. to resolve the afferent neural pathways involved in the photoperiodic response, we examine fibre projections from the photoperiodic receptors to the brain and investigate the roles of the posterior optic tract (pot) in the photoperiodic response. reduced-silver impregnation and synapsin immunolabelling revealed that the medulla was ... | 2017 | 28144785 |
| evaluation of mature soybean pods as a food source for two pod-sucking bugs, riptortus pedestris (hemiptera: alydidae) and halyomorpha halys (hemiptera: pentatomidae). | riptortus pedestris (fabricius) and halyomorpha halys (stål) cause injury to soybeans by piercing and sucking pods and seeds. growers believe that new damage decreases near to harvest despite the occurrence of these bugs at that time. as this question has never been assessed, we evaluated two diets: a) mature soybean pods (dried shell + dried soybean seeds) and b) dried soybean seeds for the two bugs by assessing their biological, behavioral, and morphological attributes on each diet in laborato ... | 0 | 28430798 |
| a midgut lysate of the riptortus pedestris has antibacterial activity against lps o-antigen-deficient burkholderia mutants. | riptortus pedestris, a common pest in soybean fields, harbors a symbiont burkholderia in a specialized posterior midgut region of insects. every generation of second nymphs acquires new burkholderia cells from the environment. we compared in vitro cultured burkholderia with newly in vivo colonized burkholderia in the host midgut using biochemical approaches. the bacterial cell envelope of in vitro cultured and in vivo burkholderia differed in structure, as in vivo bacteria lacked lipopolysacchar ... | 2017 | 27825951 |
| morphology and distribution of antennal sensilla of the bean bug riptortus pedestris (hemiptera: alydidae). | the bean bug, riptortus pedestris is a major pest of bean pods and some tree fruits in north-east asian countries. scanning electron microscopy was conducted to investigate the morphology and distribution of antennal sensilla of r. pedestris to help in understanding the sensory mechanisms of the bug. average antennal lengths of male and female r. pedestris were 11.00 mm and 9.84 mm, respectively, consisting of four distinct segments, scape, pedicel, basiflagellum, and distiflagellum. based on th ... | 2016 | 27087138 |
| complete genome sequence of burkholderia sp. strain rpe64, bacterial symbiont of the bean bug riptortus pedestris. | we isolated burkholderia symbiont strain rpe64 from the bean bug riptortus pedestris. analysis of the complete 6.96-mb genome, which consists of three chromosomes and two plasmids, will facilitate further understanding of insect-microbe symbiosis and the development of pest-control technologies. | 2013 | 23833137 |
| efficient colonization of the bean bug riptortus pedestris by an environmentally transmitted burkholderia symbiont. | the bean bug riptortus pedestris is specifically associated with the burkholderia gut symbiont and acquires the symbiont from the environment every generation. here, we investigated the infective dose of the symbiont by experimental administration. the 50% infective dose was remarkably low, only 80 cells, indicating efficient colonization of the symbiont. | 2013 | 23291548 |
| interactive influence of temperature and relative humidity on egg parasitoids of riptortus pedestris (hemiptera: alydidae). | previous studies reported that of the two egg parasitoids of riptortus pedestris (f.) (hemiptera: alydidae) found in korea, gryon japonicum (ashmead) (hymenoptera: scelionidae) appears in soybean fields much earlier than ooencyrtus nezarae ishii (hymenoptera: encyrtidae). to explain this phenomenon, we evaluated the interactive influence of temperature and relative humidity (rh) on the biological attributes of these parasitoids, including adult parasitoid longevity and survival. temperature had ... | 2012 | 23156146 |
| understanding regulation of the host-mediated gut symbiont population and the symbiont-mediated host immunity in the riptortus-burkholderia symbiosis system. | valuable insect models have tremendously contributed to our understanding of innate immunity and symbiosis. bean bug, riptortus pedestris, is a useful insect symbiosis model due to harboring cultivable monospecific gut symbiont, genus burkholderia. bean bug is a hemimetabolous insect whose immunity is not well-understood. however, we recently identified three major antimicrobial peptides of riptortus and examined the relationship between gut symbiosis and host immunity. we found that the presenc ... | 2016 | 26774501 |
| bacterial cell motility of burkholderia gut symbiont is required to colonize the insect gut. | we generated a burkholderia mutant, which is deficient of an n-acetylmuramyl-l-alanine amidase, amic, involved in peptidoglycan degradation. when non-motile δamic mutant burkholderia cells harboring chain form were orally administered to riptortus insects, δamic mutant cells were unable to establish symbiotic association. but, δamic mutant complemented with amic gene restored in vivo symbiotic association. δamic mutant cultured in minimal medium restored their motility with single-celled morphol ... | 2015 | 26318755 |
| molecular characterization of the circadian clock genes in the bean bug, riptortus pedestris, and their expression patterns under long- and short-day conditions. | although the molecular mechanisms and the diversity of insect circadian clocks have been well investigated in holometabolous insects, hemimetabolous insects have received little attention. in the present study, we isolated the circadian clock genes, period (per), cycle (cyc), vrille (vri), and mammalian-type cryptochrome (cry-m) from the bean bug riptortus pedestris. this is the first report of vri and cry-m in hemimetabolous insects. all of the genes showed high similarities to respective homol ... | 2008 | 18547745 |
| photoperiodic response requires mammalian-type cryptochrome in the bean bug riptortus pedestris. | the hypothesis that a circadian clock comprised of circadian clock genes is causally involved in insect photoperiodism has been supported by several studies. however, there remains a possibility that the effects of the circadian clock genes on photoperiodism are exerted through pleiotropic (non-circadian) functions provided by each gene independently from its role in the circadian clock. in the present study, we investigated the involvement of the circadian clock gene mammalian-type cryptochrome ... | 2011 | 21669185 |
| circadian clock genes period and cycle regulate photoperiodic diapause in the bean bug riptortus pedestris males. | the photoperiodic response is crucial for many insects to adapt to seasonal changes in temperate regions. it was recently shown that the circadian clock genes period (per) and cycle (cyc) are involved in the photoperiodic regulation of reproductive diapause in the bean bug riptortus pedestris females. here, we investigated the involvement of per and cyc both in the circadian rhythm of cuticle deposition and in the photoperiodic diapause of r. pedestris males using rna interference (rnai). rnai o ... | 2011 | 21550348 |
| riptortus pedestris and burkholderia symbiont: an ideal model system for insect-microbe symbiotic associations. | a number of insects establish symbiotic associations with beneficial microorganisms in various manners. the bean bug riptortus pedestris and allied stink bugs possess an environmentally acquired burkholderia symbiont in their midgut crypts. unlike other insect endosymbionts, the burkholderia symbiont is easily culturable and genetically manipulatable outside the host. in conjunction with the experimental advantages of the host insect, the riptortus-burkholderia symbiosis is an ideal model system ... | 2017 | 27965151 |
| insect gut symbiont susceptibility to host antimicrobial peptides caused by alteration of the bacterial cell envelope. | the molecular characterization of symbionts is pivotal for understanding the cross-talk between symbionts and hosts. in addition to valuable knowledge obtained from symbiont genomic studies, the biochemical characterization of symbionts is important to fully understand symbiotic interactions. the bean bug (riptortus pedestris) has been recognized as a useful experimental insect gut symbiosis model system because of its cultivatable burkholderia symbionts. this system is greatly advantageous beca ... | 2015 | 26116716 |
| insecticide applications to soil contribute to the development of burkholderia mediating insecticide resistance in stinkbugs. | some soil burkholderia strains are capable of degrading the organophosphorus insecticide, fenitrothion, and establish symbiosis with stinkbugs, making the host insects fenitrothion-resistant. however, the ecology of the symbiotic degrading burkholderia adapting to fenitrothion in the free-living environment is unknown. we hypothesized that fenitrothion applications affect the dynamics of fenitrothion-degrading burkholderia, thereby controlling the transmission of symbiotic degrading burkholderia ... | 2015 | 26059639 |
| neurons important for the photoperiodic control of diapause in the bean bug, riptortus pedestris. | the morphology and functions of the brain neurons projecting to the retrocerebral complex were examined in terms of photoperiodic control of adult diapause in the bean bug, riptortus pedestris. backfills through the nervi corporis cardiaci stained 15-20 pairs of somata in the pars intercerebralis (pi) with contralateral axons, and 14-24 pairs in the pars lateralis (pl) with ipsilateral axons to the nervi corporis cardiaci. in the pl, two clusters of somata, pl-d and pl-v, were found. forwardfill ... | 2008 | 18546002 |
| symbiotic factors in burkholderia essential for establishing an association with the bean bug, riptortus pedestris. | symbiotic bacteria are common in insects and intimately affect the various aspects of insect host biology. in a number of insect symbiosis models, it has been possible to elucidate the effects of the symbiont on host biology, whereas there is a limited understanding of the impact of the association on the bacterial symbiont, mainly due to the difficulty of cultivating insect symbionts in vitro. furthermore, the molecular features that determine the establishment and persistence of the symbionts ... | 2015 | 25521625 |
| changes in nutritional composition of soybean seed caused by feeding of pentatomid (hemiptera: pentatomidae) and alydid bugs (hemiptera: alydidae). | changes in protein, lipid, and carbohydrate content, and the weight loss of soybean seeds caused by the feeding of 6- to 7-d-old unmated male adults of the pentatomids peizodorous hybneri (gmelin) and halymorpha halys (stål), and an alydid, riptortus pedestris (f.), were examined in the laboratory. our goals were to determine which species had the greatest capacity to damage soybean seed and to measure the effect of that damage on the nutritional composition of soybean seed. individuals of the t ... | 2014 | 25026664 |
| relative toxicity of spirotetramat to riptortus pedestris (hemiptera: alydidae) and its egg parasitoids. | spirotetramat, a lipid biosynthesis inhibitor, is effective against sucking insect pests but harmless to insect natural enemies. as spirotetramat can be registered for the management of sucking insect pests such as aphids and bugs in soybeans, we evaluated the insecticide against riptortus pedestris (fabricius) (hemiptera: alydidae), one of the most important soybean pests in korea, as well as its effect on two of its important egg parasitoids, ooencyrtus nezarae ishii (hymenoptera: encyrtidae) ... | 2017 | 28961730 |
| the lipopolysaccharide core oligosaccharide of burkholderia plays a critical role in maintaining a proper gut symbiosis with the bean bug riptortus pedestris. | lipopolysaccharide, the outer cell-wall component of gram-negative bacteria, has been shown to be important for symbiotic associations. we recently reported that the lipopolysaccharide o-antigen of burkholderia enhances the initial colonization of the midgut of the bean bug, riptortus pedestris however, the midgut-colonizing burkholderia symbionts lack the o-antigen but display the core oligosaccharide on the cell surface. in this study, we investigated the role of the core oligosaccharide, whic ... | 2017 | 28972189 |
| cold acclimation increases cold tolerance independently of diapause programing in the bean bug, riptortus pedestris. | the bean bug (riptortus pedestris) is a pest of soybeans and other legumes in japan and other asian countries. it enters a facultative adult diapause on exposure to short days. while photoperiodism and diapause are well understood in r. pedestris, knowledge of cold tolerance is very limited, as is information on the effect of diapause on cold tolerance. we examined the effect of photoperiod, cold acclimation, and feeding status on cold tolerance in r. pedestris. we found that cold acclimation si ... | 2017 | 29037264 |
| insecticidal activity of the metalloprotease apra occurs through suppression of host cellular and humoral immunity. | the biochemical characterization of virulence factors from entomopathogenic bacteria is important to understand entomopathogen-insect molecular interactions. pseudomonas entomophila is a typical entomopathogenic bacterium that harbors virulence factors against several insects. however, the molecular actions of these factors against host innate immune responses are not clearly elucidated. in this study, we observed that bean bugs (riptortus pedestris) that were injected with p. entomophila were h ... | 2018 | 29174605 |
| infection dynamics of insecticide-degrading symbionts from soil to insects in response to insecticide spraying. | insecticide resistance is a serious concern in modern agriculture, and an understanding of the underlying evolutionary processes is pivotal to prevent the problem. the bean bug riptortus pedestris, a notorious pest of leguminous crops, acquires a specific burkholderia symbiont from the environment every generation, and harbors the symbiont in the midgut crypts. the symbiont's natural role is to promote insect development but the insect host can also obtain resistance against the insecticide feni ... | 2018 | 29343832 |
| male courtship behavior and weapon trait as indicators of indirect benefit in the bean bug, riptortus pedestris. | females prefer male traits that are associated with direct and/or indirect benefits to themselves. male-male competition also drives evolution of male traits that represent competitive ability. because female choice and male-male competition rarely act independently, exploring how these two mechanisms interact is necessary for integrative understanding of the evolution of sexually selected traits. here, we focused on direct and indirect benefits to females from male attractiveness, courtship, an ... | 2013 | 24386170 |
| effect of aggregation pheromone trap of riptortus pedestris (hemiptera: alydidae) on the distribution and composition of its egg parasitoids. | the aggregation pheromone of riptortus pedestris (f.) (hemiptera: alydidae) is known to attract its egg parasitoids ooencyrtus nezarae ishii (hymenoptera: encyrtidae) and gryon japonicum (ashmead) (hymenoptera: scelionidae). distribution and composition of these egg parasitoids were compared in a soybean field in the presence and absence of aggregation pheromone-baited traps for two consecutive years. three traps were installed on the edge of a soybean field, first without and then with aggregat ... | 2013 | 24224237 |
| molting-associated suppression of symbiont population and up-regulation of antimicrobial activity in the midgut symbiotic organ of the riptortus-burkholderia symbiosis. | the majority of insects possess symbiotic bacteria. since symbiont titers can affect host phenotypes of biological importance, host insects are expected to evolve some mechanisms for regulating symbiont population. here we report that, in the riptortus-burkholderia gut symbiosis, titers of the beneficial symbiont transiently decrease at the pre-molt stages in host development. this molting-associated suppression of the symbiont population is coincident with the increase of antimicrobial activity ... | 2014 | 24201132 |
| involvement of the brain region containing pigment-dispersing factor-immunoreactive neurons in the photoperiodic response of the bean bug, riptortus pedestris. | the concept of insect photoperiodism based on a circadian clock has been supported by many studies demonstrating that the behavioural circadian rhythm and the photoperiodic response are driven by the same circadian clock genes. however, the neuronal mechanism of the circadian clock underlying photoperiodism is poorly understood. to examine whether circadian rhythm and photoperiodism share a neuronal mechanism, we focused on the neurons that express neuropeptide pigment-dispersing factor (pdf) in ... | 2014 | 24198258 |
| live imaging of symbiosis: spatiotemporal infection dynamics of a gfp-labelled burkholderia symbiont in the bean bug riptortus pedestris. | many insects possess endosymbiotic bacteria inside their body, wherein intimate interactions occur between the partners. while recent technological advancements have deepened our understanding of metabolic and evolutionary features of the symbiont genomes, molecular mechanisms underpinning the intimate interactions remain difficult to approach because the insect symbionts are generally uncultivable. the bean bug riptortus pedestris is associated with the betaproteobacterial burkholderia symbiont ... | 2014 | 24103110 |
| abundances of a bean bug and its natural enemy in seminatural and cultivated habitats in agricultural landscapes. | to determine differences in distribution patterns between the soybean pest riptortus pedestris f. (hemiptera: alydidae) and its egg parasitoid ooencyrtus nezarae ishii (hymenoptera: encyrtidae) in source and cultivated habitats, we compared their abundances in soybean fields and forest edges, which were assumed to be the overwintering sites of r. pedestris. we set synthetic attractant-baited traps for both species over 2 yr in mid-august, just before r. pedestris normally colonizes soybeans. dur ... | 2014 | 24534078 |
| effect of food deprivation period on the development and reproduction of riptortus pedestris (hemiptera: alydidae), and its egg parasitism. | the bean bug, riptortus pedestris (f.) (hemiptera: alydidae) is one of the most important pests of soybean (glycine max l. merrill) in korea and japan. r. pedestris is known to appear early in spring when leguminous seeds such as soybean are not available. because soybean has been reported to be the most important food source for r. pedestris development, in this study, we assessed the effect of this period of soybean deprivation during the nymphal stage on the development and reproduction of r. ... | 2014 | 26309268 |
| specific midgut region controlling the symbiont population in an insect-microbe gut symbiotic association. | many insects possess symbiotic bacteria that affect the biology of the host. the level of the symbiont population in the host is a pivotal factor that modulates the biological outcome of the symbiotic association. hence, the symbiont population should be maintained at a proper level by the host's control mechanisms. several mechanisms for controlling intracellular symbionts of insects have been reported, while mechanisms for controlling extracellular gut symbionts of insects are poorly understoo ... | 2013 | 24038695 |
| defensive roles of (e)-2-alkenals and related compounds in heteroptera. | we examined whether shared volatiles found in various heteropteran species and developmental stages function to repel predators. the nymphal dorsal abdominal gland secretions of riptortus pedestris (heteroptera: alydidae) and thasus acutangulus (heteroptera: coreidae), and the metathoracic scent gland secretion of euschistus biformis (heteroptera: pentatomidae) adults were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (gc/ms). (e)-2-hexenal, 4-oxo-(e)-2-hexenal (4-ohe), and (e)-2-octenal we ... | 2012 | 23054031 |
| symbiont-mediated insecticide resistance. | development of insecticide resistance has been a serious concern worldwide, whose mechanisms have been attributed to evolutionary changes in pest insect genomes such as alteration of drug target sites, up-regulation of degrading enzymes, and enhancement of drug excretion. here, we report a previously unknown mechanism of insecticide resistance: infection with an insecticide-degrading bacterial symbiont immediately establishes insecticide resistance in pest insects. the bean bug riptortus pedestr ... | 2012 | 22529384 |
| male aggressive behavior and exaggerated hindlegs of the bean bug riptortus pedestris. | males of the bean bug species riptortus pedestris possess larger hindlegs than females. observations of male-male interactions showed that the enlarged hindlegs are used as weapons in male fights, and that males with larger hindlegs win fights more frequently. morphological analysis based on the positive allometry test showed that the femora of larger males are relatively bigger than those of smaller males, but femora of larger females are not relatively larger than those of smaller females. the ... | 2011 | 21882954 |
| causal involvement of mammalian-type cryptochrome in the circadian cuticle deposition rhythm in the bean bug riptortus pedestris. | mammalian-type cryptochrome (cry-m) is considered to be a core repressive component of the circadian clock in various insect species. however, this role is based only on the molecular function of cry-m in cultured cells and it therefore remains unknown whether cry-m is indispensable for governing physiological rhythms at the organismal level. in the present study, we show that rna interference (rnai) targeting of cry-m in the bean bug riptortus pedestris disrupts the circadian clock governing th ... | 2011 | 21435062 |
| circadian clock genes, ovarian development and diapause. | insects, like most organisms, have an internal circadian clock that oscillates with a daily rhythmicity, and a timing mechanism that mediates seasonal events, including diapause. in research published in bmc biology, ikeno et al. show that downregulation of the circadian clock genes period and cycle affects expression of ovarian diapause in the insect riptortus pedestris. they interpret these important results as support for erwin bünning's (1936) hypothesis that the circadian clock constitutes ... | 2010 | 20828372 |
| photoperiodic diapause under the control of circadian clock genes in an insect. | most organisms have evolved a circadian clock in order to anticipate daily environmental changes and many of these organisms are also capable of sophisticated measurement of daylength (photoperiodism) that is used to regulate seasonal events such as diapause, migration and polymorphism. it has been generally accepted that the same elements are involved in both circadian (daily) and seasonal (annual) rhythms because both rely upon daily light-dark cycles. however, as reasonable as this sounds, th ... | 2010 | 20815865 |
| purine biosynthesis, biofilm formation, and persistence of an insect-microbe gut symbiosis. | the riptortus-burkholderia symbiotic system is an experimental model system for studying the molecular mechanisms of an insect-microbe gut symbiosis. when the symbiotic midgut of riptortus pedestris was investigated by light and transmission electron microscopy, the lumens of the midgut crypts that harbor colonizing burkholderia symbionts were occupied by an extracellular matrix consisting of polysaccharides. this observation prompted us to search for symbiont genes involved in the induction of ... | 2014 | 24814787 |
| phar, a negative regulator of phap, modulates the colonization of a burkholderia gut symbiont in the midgut of the host insect, riptortus pedestris. | five genes encoding phap family proteins and one phar gene have been identified in the genome of burkholderia symbiont strain rpe75. phap proteins function as the surface proteins of polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) granules, and the phar protein acts as a negative regulator of phap biosynthesis. recently, we characterized one phap gene to understand the molecular cross talk between riptortus insects and burkholderia gut symbionts. in this study, we constructed four other phap gene-depleted mutants (δ ... | 2017 | 28341680 |
| the roles of antimicrobial peptide, rip-thanatin, in the midgut of riptortus pedestris. | recently, we have reported the structural determination of antimicrobial peptides (amps), such as riptocin, rip-defensin, and rip-thanatin, from riptortus pedestris. however, the biological roles of amps in the host midgut remain elusive. here, we compared the expression levels of amp genes in apo-symbiotic insects with those of symbiotic insects. interestingly, the expression level of rip-thanatin was only significantly increased in the posterior midgut region of symbiotic insects. to further d ... | 2018 | 28919360 |
| locomotion ability variation among instars of the bean bug, riptortus pedestris (fabricius) (heteroptera: alydidae) nymphs. | the nymphal locomotion ability (walking distance) of the stenophagous bean bug riptortus pedestris (fabricius) was studied in each instar. we measured the walking distance using two systems. the walking distance in photophase was measured for 6 h using a tracking system with a charge coupled device (ccd) camera and computer software. the daily activity of nymphs was measured by an actograph system counting the number of infrared beam intercepts. the actograph data were converted to distance usin ... | 2007 | 17716478 |
| insecticide susceptibility of nezara viridula (heteroptera: pentatomidae) and three other stink bug species composing a soybean pest complex in japan. | the susceptibility of the stink bug species nezara viridula (l.), nezara antennata scott, piezodorus hybneri (gmelin), and riptortus pedestris (f.) to insecticides was tested, establishing their 50% lethal dose (ld50) values as baseline data. third instars and adults of the four species were treated by topical application with seven insecticides: fenitrothion, fenthion, etofenprox, silafluofen, dinotefuran, clothianidin, and ethiprole. the weight of the stink bug and weight of the insecticide ap ... | 2012 | 22812144 |
| polyester synthesis genes associated with stress resistance are involved in an insect-bacterium symbiosis. | many bacteria accumulate granules of polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) within their cells, which confer resistance to nutritional depletion and other environmental stresses. here, we report an unexpected involvement of the bacterial endocellular storage polymer, pha, in an insect-bacterium symbiotic association. the bean bug riptortus pedestris harbors a beneficial and specific gut symbiont of the β-proteobacterial genus burkholderia, which is orally acquired by host nymphs from the environment every g ... | 2013 | 23757494 |
| an antimicrobial protein of the riptortus pedestris salivary gland was cleaved by a virulence factor of serratia marcescens. | recently, our group demonstrated that the bean bug, riptortus pedestris, is a good experimental symbiosis model to study the molecular cross-talk between the host insect and the gut symbiont. the burkholderia symbiont is orally acquired by host nymphs from the environment in every generation. however, it is still unclear how riptortus specifically interacts with entomopathogens that are abundant in the environmental soil. in preliminary experiments, we observed that a potent entomopathogen, serr ... | 2017 | 27555079 |