| isolations in a mosquito (aedes pseudoscutellaris) cell line (mos. 61) of yellow fever virus strains from original field material. | a simple, rapid and inexpensive method of isolating yellow fever (yf) virus from naturally infected mosquitoes, human liver and the serum of a sentinel monkey by inoculation of a continuous line of mosquito cells is described. the mosquito cells were more sensitive than suckling mice and marginally better than vero cells for primary isolation. this is the first time that mosquito cells have been successfully used for primary isolation of yf virus from field material. | 1975 | 5385 |
| the susceptibility of cell lines of aedes aegypti (linn.), aedes albopictus (skuse) and aedes pseudoscutellaris (therobald) to infection with blutongue virus. | bluetongue virus multiplied in cell lines derived from aedes albopictus and aedes pseudoscutellaris cells. virus reached a maximum titre in the ae. pseudoscutellaris cells three days post inoculation, and in ae. albopictus cells six days p.i. virus growth was demonstrated in both cell lines at 27 degrees c and 37 degrees c. significant titres of virus were still present in the ae. albopictus cells after five subcultures at 27 degrees c over a period of six weeks. no cytopathic effect was observe ... | 1979 | 218529 |
| the ultrastructures of dengue type 1 virus in the aedes pseudoscutellaris mosquito cell line. | | 1979 | 442167 |
| dengue in the caribbean: virus isolation in a mosquito (aedes pseudoscutellaris) cell line. | during outbreaks of dengue fever in the caribbean in 1977 and 1978 a continuous cell line derived from aedes pseudoscutellaris was successfully used for the isolation of dengue virus strains from acute human sera. 238 strains were isolated and culture fluid was successfully used as antigen for the identification of several strains. the isolates all produced a marked syncytial cytopathic effect often visible as early as four days after inoculation. the method was successfully employed in the fiel ... | 1979 | 442177 |
| rabies virus infection in aedes pseudoscutellaris cells: a study on receptorial structures. | rabies virus is able to infect in vitro a wide range of homeothermic and poikilothermic cells but little is known about its multiplication in arthropod cells. in this research the infection of rabies virus in aedes pseudoscutellaris cells, a mosquito cell line susceptible to mosquito-borne viruses, was studied. after 60 days of incubation at 26 degrees c up to 70% of infected cells showed the synthesis of both viral nucleocapsid and envelope antigens, although viral yield and cell damage could n ... | 1991 | 1959321 |
| isolation of rift valley fever virus from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells: mauritanian epidemic. | during the mauritanian rift valley fever (rvf) epidemic of 1987, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) were studied from 78 sick patients. rvf virus (rvfv) was isolated in 5 cases, on aedes pseudoscutellaris ap61, from both pbmc and serum. among the 78 cases studied, rvf was proven in 19 cases (24.3%) by specific igm detection, and in 12 cases (15.3%) by virus isolation from serum, of which 3 also exhibited anti-rvf igm. among the 5 pbmc-positive rvfv cases, 2 strains were isolated in the pr ... | 1989 | 2667067 |
| isolation of the rift valley fever virus by inoculation into aedes pseudoscutellaris cells: comparison with other diagnostic methods. | the rift valley fever epidemic, which arose in the south of mauritania beginning on october 15, 1987, enabled a comparative study of different diagnostic methods among humans. during the first two weeks of the epidemic, four parallel methods were used: inoculation into aedes pseudoscutellaris cells, inoculation intracerebrally into suckling mice, tests by immunocapture of the circulating antigen and detection of type igm gammaglobulins. of 370 examined sera, 181 showed at least one marker of rec ... | 1989 | 2711043 |
| dengue fever in american military personnel in the philippines: clinical observations on hospitalized patients during a 1984 epidemic. | from june - august, 1984, 24 american military personnel were hospitalized with dengue (den) at clark air base in the philippines. their infections were confirmed by serology using the hemagglutination-inhibition test and/or by virus isolation in aedes pseudoscutellaris cell cultures. most of the patients had a secondary type of antibody response probably reflecting prior vaccination against yellow fever. three serotypes of den virus were isolated; 7 isolates of den 1, 4 isolates of den 3 and 3 ... | 1989 | 2772694 |
| isolation of japanese encephalitis virus from clinical specimens using a continuous mosquito cell line. | during the 1983 japanese encephalitis (je) epidemic in northern thailand, we systematically attempted to isolate je virus (jev) from clinical specimens collected from 49 consecutive je patients at 1 provincial hospital. fresh acute plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) samples and postmortem brain samples were immediately inoculated onto cultured monolayers of aedes pseudoscutellaris (lstm-ap-61) cells which had been shipped to the epidemic site. none of 49 plasma samples yielded virus. none of 3 ... | 1986 | 3021009 |
| isolation of dengue 2 and dengue 4 viruses from patients in senegal. | dengue 2 and dengue 4 viruses were isolated and re-isolated by inoculation into aedes pseudoscutellaris continuous cell line (mos 61) and/or toxrhynchites brevipalpis. the strain of dengue 2 had been isolated from a patient returning from casamance (south-western senegal) and two strains of dengue 4 from patients who lived in dakar and had not been outside the town in the 15 days before becoming ill. serological evidence of dengue 4 infection was found in another patient living in casamance. | 1986 | 3726996 |
| growth of the phlebovirus toscana in a mosquito (aedes pseudoscutellaris) cell line (ap-61): establishment of a persistent infection. | toscana virus, a sandfly-associated phlebovirus, was adapted to grow in cultured aedes pseudoscutellaris (ap-61) mosquito cell line. no evidence of virus growth was seen after primary infection of cell monolayers under maintenance conditions. on the contrary, persistent infections were established by subculturing infected cultures. cytopathic effect was never observed. significant titres of virus (10(3)-10(5) pfu/ml), as assayed in vero cells at 37 degrees c, were released from persistent infect ... | 1985 | 4015410 |
| homogeneity among senegalese strains of yellow fever virus. | a series of 16 yellow fever (yf) viruses isolated from mosquitoes, monkeys and humans in different epidemiological contexts in senegal and the gambia between 1976 and 1983, was analyzed by t1 rnase oligonucleotide fingerprints of the genomic 32p-labeled rna, by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the intracellular virus-specified polypeptides, by peptide mapping of the envelope e glycoprotein and by immunological reactivities with monoclonal antibody fluids (maf's) against the e glycoprote ... | 1985 | 4037185 |
| mosquito-borne infections in fiji. iv. biting times for village mosquitoes and human filaria transmission potential of aedes polynesiensis and aedes pseudoscutellaris. | | 1974 | 4455923 |
| a kinetic and ultrastructural comparison of alphavirus infection of cultured mosquito and vertebrate cells. | vero cells and aedes pseudoscutellaris cells showed rapid production of semliki forest virus (sfv) whereas in aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi cells no rapid production of sfv was observed. ultrastructurally the only virally induced cell inclusion in early infection was the cytopathic vacuole type 1. later in infection, in mosquito cells, electron-dense bodies appear and budding of new virions appears to be very efficient. in vero cells large accumulations of envelope proteins and nucleocap ... | 1982 | 7154145 |
| factors affecting syncytial development in aedes pseudoscutellaris cells by dengue viruses. | several factors that were suspected of affecting the development of syncytia in cultured aedes pseudoscutellaris cells inoculated with dengue viruses were studied. the results indicated that fresh media (less than 1 week old), low cell density at inoculation (2.8 x 10(5) cells/cm2), and low cell passage level (less than 52 passages) favored the development of syncytia. all three types (1, 2, and 3) of dengue viruses tested could be isolated from human sera by aedes pseudoscutellaris cell culture ... | 1981 | 7258498 |
| aedes albopictus and other aedes (stegomyia) species in fiji. | during an assessment of the dengue situation in fiji in early 1992, a house-to-house survey of container-breeding aedes was made. discarded tires and water drums were identified as key breeding sites for the 4 potential dengue vectors: aedes aegypti, aedes albopictus, aedes pseudoscutellaris, and aedes polynesiensis. aedes albopictus were detected on viti levu, vanua levu, and on taveuni. examination of early records and of used tire importation suggests entry into fiji after july 1985 but well ... | 1995 | 7595450 |
| immunoglobulin a-specific capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of dengue fever. | dengue fever (df) is usually diagnosed by testing for dengue virus immunoglobulin m (igm) by a capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) (mac-elisa). however, igm can last for months, and its presence might reflect a previous infection. we have tested the use of anti-dengue virus iga capture elisa (aac-elisa) for the diagnosis of df by comparing the results of mac-elisas and aac-elisas for 178 serum samples taken from patients with confirmed cases of df. igm appears more rapidly (mean de ... | 1998 | 9574674 |
| comparison of various methods of detection of different forms of dengue virus type 2 rna in cultured cells. | in this report, the sensitivity of various methods of detection of dengue virus type 2 (den-2) sense, antisense, replicative intermediate (ri) and replicative form (rf) rnas in infected mosquito aedes pseudoscutellaris ap-61 and mammalian baby hamster kidney bhk-21 cells is compared. licl precipitation was used for separation of viral rf rna from ri rna. our results show that reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) followed by southern blot analysis and slot blot hybridisation o ... | 1997 | 9607089 |
| [preliminary study of ap-64 cell line (aedes pseudoscutellaris) for dengue-1 and -2 virus multiplication]. | we study a new arthropod cell line, ap-64, which was obtained from aedes pseudoscutellaris larvae. the best growth and maintenance media are defined, testing the adequacy of dengue 1 and 2 viruses which become manifest by the appearance of the cytopathogenic effect as syncytiums. the immunofluorescence technique is applied to detect early multiplication of those viruses. | 1991 | 9768180 |
| [obtaining a clone of the ap-61 cell line. its usefulness in the multiplication of dengue viruses 1 and 2]. | the obtention of a clone of the cell line ap-61 (aedes pseudoscutellaris) is reported. details of the cloning and culture media employed are discussed. usefulness of the clone for the multiplication of dengue 1 and 2 viruses is proved in comparison with the original line using the indirect immunofluorescence technique. | 1992 | 9768212 |
| dengue virus structural differences that correlate with pathogenesis. | the understanding of dengue virus pathogenesis has been hampered by the lack of in vitro and in vivo models of disease. the study of viral factors involved in the production of severe dengue, dengue hemorrhagic fever (dhf), versus the more common dengue fever (df), have been limited to indirect clinical and epidemiologic associations. in an effort to identify viral determinants of dhf, we have developed a method for comparing dengue type 2 genomes (reverse transcriptase pcr in six fragments) dir ... | 1999 | 10233934 |
| comparison of rapid centrifugation assay with conventional tissue culture method for isolation of dengue 2 virus in c6/36-ht cells. | a rapid centrifugation assay was compared with conventional tube cell culture for dengue virus isolation in both sera and autopsy samples from dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome fatal cases. the rapid centrifugation assay allowed isolation of virus from 16.6% more samples than the conventional method, and it shortened the time for dengue virus detection. finally, it allowed the isolation of dengue 2 virus in 42.8% of tissue samples from five fatal cases. our results sugges ... | 2000 | 10970418 |
| quantitative real-time pcr detection of rift valley fever virus and its application to evaluation of antiviral compounds. | the rift valley fever virus (rvfv), a member of the genus phlebovirus (family bunyaviridae) is an enveloped negative-strand rna virus with a tripartite genome. until 2000, rvfv circulation was limited to the african continent, but the recent deadly outbreak in the arabian peninsula dramatically illustrated the need for rapid diagnostic methods, effective treatments, and prophylaxis. a method for quantifying the small rna segment by a real-time detection reverse transcription (rt)-pcr using taqma ... | 2001 | 11724861 |
| [biological behavior of 3 strains of the dengue-2 virus in 2 cell lines of mosquitoes]. | strains a-15 (isolated in cuba, 1981), jamaica (isolated in jamaica, 1981) and nueva guinea "c" (standard) from dengue-2 virus were compared according to the time of appearance of the cytopathic effect (cpe), to the time of appearance of specific fluorescence and to the kynetics of viral multiplication on being innoculated in the cell lines ap-61 (aedes pseudoscutellaris) and c6/36 ht (aedes albopictus). the results showed that the cpe of highest intensity and earliest appearance was for a-15, f ... | 2000 | 11826526 |
| a nonsense mutation in the gene encoding 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase/l1 isoform is associated with west nile virus susceptibility in laboratory mice. | a mouse model has been established to investigate the genetic determinism of host susceptibility to west nile (wn) virus, a member of the genus flavivirus and family flaviviridae. whereas wn virus causes encephalitis and death in most laboratory inbred mouse strains after peripheral inoculation, most strains derived from recently trapped wild mice are completely resistant. the phenotype of resistance/susceptibility is determined by a major locus, wnv, mapping to chromosome 5 within the 0.4-cm-wi ... | 2002 | 12186974 |
| amplification of the sylvatic cycle of dengue virus type 2, senegal, 1999-2000: entomologic findings and epidemiologic considerations. | after 8 years of silence, dengue virus serotype 2 (denv-2) reemerged in southeastern senegal in 1999. sixty-four denv-2 strains were isolated in 1999 and 9 strains in 2000 from mosquitoes captured in the forest gallery and surrounding villages. isolates were obtained from previously described vectors, aedes furcifer, ae. taylori, ae. luteocephalus, and--for the first time in senegal--from ae. aegypti and ae. vittatus. a retrospective analysis of sylvatic denv-2 outbreaks in senegal during the la ... | 2003 | 12643833 |
| dendritic-cell-specific icam3-grabbing non-integrin is essential for the productive infection of human dendritic cells by mosquito-cell-derived dengue viruses. | dengue virus (dv) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that causes haemorrhagic fever in humans. dv primarily targets immature dendritic cells (dcs) after a bite by an infected mosquito vector. here, we analysed the interactions between dv and human-monocyte-derived dcs at the level of virus entry. we show that the dc-specific icam3-grabbing non-integrin (dc-sign) molecule, a cell-surface, mannose-specific, c-type lectin, binds mosquito-cell-derived dvs and allows viral replication. conclusive evidenc ... | 2003 | 12783086 |
| nodamura virus nonstructural protein b2 can enhance viral rna accumulation in both mammalian and insect cells. | during infection of both vertebrate and invertebrate cell lines, the alphanodavirus nodamura virus (nov) expresses two nonstructural proteins of different lengths from the b2 open reading frame. the functions of these proteins have yet to be determined, but b2 of the related flock house virus suppresses rna interference both in drosophila cells and in transgenic plants. to examine whether the nov b2 proteins had similar functions, we compared the replication of wild-type nov rna with that of mut ... | 2004 | 15163762 |
| the israeli strain is-98-st1 of west nile virus as viral model for west nile encephalitis in the old world. | west nile virus (wnv) recently became a major public health concern in north america, the middle east, and europe. in contrast with the investigations of the north-american isolates, the neurovirulence properties of middle-eastern strains of wnv have not been extensively characterized. israeli wnv strain is-98-st1 that has been isolated from a white stork in 1998, was found to be highly neuroinvasive in adult c57bl/6 mice. strain is-98-st1 infects primary neuronal cells from mouse cortex, causin ... | 2004 | 15550172 |
| filarial susceptibility and effects of wolbachia in aedes pseudoscutellaris mosquitoes. | the mosquito aedes pseudoscutellaris (theobald), a member of the aedes (stegomyia) scutellaris complex (diptera: culicidae), is an important vector of subperiodic wuchereria bancrofti (cobbold) (spirurida: onchocercidae), causing human lymphatic filariasis, on south pacific islands. maternal inheritance of filarial susceptibility in the complex has previously been asserted, and larval tetracycline treatment reduced susceptibility; the maternally inherited wolbachia in these mosquitoes were sugge ... | 2005 | 15752178 |
| discrimination between primary and secondary dengue virus infection by an immunoglobulin g avidity test using a single acute-phase serum sample. | for clinical and epidemiological purposes, it is necessary to be able to classify serological responses during dengue virus infection. thus, it is important to develop a test that can distinguish between primary and secondary serological responses. the hemagglutination inhibition (hi) test, which is currently recommended by the world health organization, is complicated to perform. we developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on changes in the avidity of immunoglobulin g during the inf ... | 2005 | 15956399 |
| expansion of family reoviridae to include nine-segmented dsrna viruses: isolation and characterization of a new virus designated aedes pseudoscutellaris reovirus assigned to a proposed genus (dinovernavirus). | family reoviridae is known, by definition, to contain dsrna viruses with 10-12 genome segments. we report here the characterization of the first member of this family with a nine-segmented genome. this virus was isolated from aedes pseudoscutellaris mosquito cells and designated aedes pseudoscutellaris reovirus (aprv). virions are single-shelled with turrets but are non-occluded by contrast to cypoviruses. aprv replicates in various mosquito cell lines, but not in mice or mammalian cells. comple ... | 2005 | 16171838 |
| miniature rt-pcr system for diagnosis of rna-based viruses. | this paper presents an innovative portable chip-based rt-pcr system for amplification of specific nucleic acid and detection of rna-based viruses. the miniature rt-pcr chip is fabricated using mems (micro-electro-mechanical-system) techniques, and comprises a micro temperature control module and a pdms (polydimethylsiloxane)-based microfluidic control module. the heating and sensing elements of temperature control module are both made of platinum and are located within the reaction chambers in o ... | 2005 | 16221971 |
| evaluation of an enzyme immunoassay for detection of dengue virus ns1 antigen in human serum. | we evaluated a one-step sandwich-format microplate enzyme immunoassay for detecting dengue virus ns1 antigen (ag) in human serum by use of platelia dengue ns1 ag kits (bio-rad laboratories, marnes la coquette, france). we collected 299 serum samples from patients with dengue disease and 50 serum samples from patients not infected with dengue virus. for the 239 serum samples from patients with acute infections testing positive by reverse transcription-pcr and/or virus isolation for one of the fou ... | 2006 | 16988003 |
| the engagement of activating fcgammars inhibits primate lentivirus replication in human macrophages. | we previously reported that the stimulation of monocyte-derived macrophages (mdm) by plate-bound i.v. igs inhibits hiv-1 replication. in this study, we show that igg immune complexes also suppress hiv-1 replication in mdms and that activating receptors for the fc portion of igg-fcgammari, fcgammariia, and fcgammariii-are responsible for the inhibition. mdm stimulation through fcgammars induces activation signals and the secretion of hiv-1 modulatory cytokines, such as m-csf, tnf-alpha, and macro ... | 2006 | 17056559 |
| use of capillary blood samples as a new approach for diagnosis of dengue virus infection. | we evaluated the use of capillary blood samples stored on filter papers for diagnosis of dengue virus infection. venous and capillary blood samples were collected from 130 patients suspected of having dengue fever. we compared the performances of standard reference methods using capillary blood samples absorbed onto filter papers versus venous blood samples. the resulting sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of tests performed on filter paper compared to those performed on ven ... | 2007 | 17229857 |
| bioinformatic analysis suggests that the orbivirus vp6 cistron encodes an overlapping gene. | the genus orbivirus includes several species that infect livestock - including bluetongue virus (btv) and african horse sickness virus (ahsv). these viruses have linear dsrna genomes divided into ten segments, all of which have previously been assumed to be monocistronic. | 2008 | 18489030 |
| bioinformatic analysis suggests that the cypovirus 1 major core protein cistron harbours an overlapping gene. | members of the genus cypovirus (family reoviridae) are common pathogens of insects. these viruses have linear dsrna genomes divided into 10-11 segments, which have generally been assumed to be monocistronic. here, bioinformatic evidence is presented for a short overlapping coding sequence (cds) in the cypovirus genome segment encoding the major core capsid protein vp1, overlapping the 5'-terminal region of the vp1 orf in the +1 reading frame. in cypovirus type 1 (cpv-1), a 62-codon aug-initiated ... | 2008 | 18492230 |
| genetic and phenotypic characterization of sylvatic dengue virus type 2 strains. | the four serotypes of endemic dengue viruses (denv) circulate between humans and peridomestic aedes mosquitoes. at present endemic denv infect 100 million people per year, and a third of the global population is at risk. in contrast, sylvatic denv strains are maintained in a transmission cycle between nonhuman primates and sylvatic aedes species, and are evolutionarily and ecologically distinct from endemic denv strains. phylogenetic analyses place sylvatic strains basal to each of the endemic s ... | 2008 | 18570968 |
| avian reovirus l2 genome segment sequences and predicted structure/function of the encoded rna-dependent rna polymerase protein. | the orthoreoviruses are infectious agents that possess a genome comprised of 10 double-stranded rna segments encased in two concentric protein capsids. like virtually all rna viruses, an rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) enzyme is required for viral propagation. rdrp sequences have been determined for the prototype mammalian orthoreoviruses and for several other closely-related reoviruses, including aquareoviruses, but have not yet been reported for any avian orthoreoviruses. | 2008 | 19091125 |
| protective antiviral immunity conferred by a nonintegrative lentiviral vector-based vaccine. | lentiviral vectors are under intense scrutiny as unique candidate viral vector vaccines against tumor and aggressive pathogens because of their ability to initiate potent and durable specific immune responses. strategies that alleviate safety concerns will facilitate the clinical developments involving lentiviral vectors. in this respect, the development of integration deficient lentiviral vectors circumvents the safety concerns relative to insertional mutagenesis and might pave the way for clin ... | 2008 | 19096527 |
| genomic sequence and phylogenetic analysis of culex flavivirus, an insect-specific flavivirus, isolated from culex pipiens (diptera: culicidae) in iowa. | adult mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) were collected in 2007 and tested for specific viruses, including west nile virus, as part of the ongoing arbovirus surveillance efforts in the state of iowa. a subset of these mosquitoes (6,061 individuals in 340 pools) was further tested by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) using flavivirus universal primers. of the 211 pools of culex pipiens (l.) tested, 50 were positive. one of 51 pools of culex tarsalis coquillet was also positive ... | 2009 | 19645300 |
| host alternation of chikungunya virus increases fitness while restricting population diversity and adaptability to novel selective pressures. | the mechanisms by which rna arboviruses, including chikungunya virus (chikv), evolve and maintain the ability to infect vertebrate and invertebrate hosts are poorly understood. to understand how host specificity shapes arbovirus populations, we studied chikv populations passaged alternately between invertebrate and vertebrate cells (invertebrate ↔ vertebrate) to simulate natural alternation and contrasted the results with those for populations that were artificially released from cycling by pass ... | 2010 | 21047966 |
| dengue: a continuing global threat. | dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever are important arthropod-borne viral diseases. each year, there are ∼50 million dengue infections and ∼500,000 individuals are hospitalized with dengue haemorrhagic fever, mainly in southeast asia, the pacific and the americas. illness is produced by any of the four dengue virus serotypes. a global strategy aimed at increasing the capacity for surveillance and outbreak response, changing behaviours and reducing the disease burden using integrated vector ... | 2010 | 21079655 |
| fever from the forest: prospects for the continued emergence of sylvatic dengue virus and its impact on public health. | the four dengue virus (denv) serotypes that circulate among humans emerged independently from ancestral sylvatic progenitors that were present in non-human primates, following the establishment of human populations that were large and dense enough to support continuous inter-human transmission by mosquitoes. this ancestral sylvatic-denv transmission cycle still exists and is maintained in non-human primates and aedes mosquitoes in the forests of southeast asia and west africa. here, we provide a ... | 2011 | 21666708 |
| Class II ADP-ribosylation Factors Are Required for Efficient Secretion of Dengue Viruses. | Identification and characterization of virus-host interactions are very important steps toward a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for disease progression and pathogenesis. To date, very few cellular factors involved in the life cycle of flaviviruses, which are important human pathogens, have been described. In this study, we demonstrate a crucial role for class II Arf proteins (Arf4 and Arf5) in the dengue flavivirus life cycle. We show that simultaneous depletion of ... | 2012 | 22105072 |
| biological and phylogenetic characteristics of yellow fever virus lineages from west africa. | the yellow fever virus (yfv), the first proven human-pathogenic virus, although isolated in 1927, is still a major public health problem, especially in west africa where it causes outbreaks every year. nevertheless, little is known about its genetic diversity and evolutionary dynamics, mainly due to a limited number of genomic sequences from wild virus isolates. in this study, we analyzed the phylogenetic relationships of 24 full-length genomes from yfv strains isolated between 1973 and 2005 in ... | 2012 | 23269797 |
| insect-specific virus discovery: significance for the arbovirus community. | arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses), especially those transmitted by mosquitoes, are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in humans and animals worldwide. recent discoveries indicate that mosquitoes are naturally infected with a wide range of other viruses, many within taxa occupied by arboviruses that are considered insect-specific. over the past ten years there has been a dramatic increase in the literature describing novel insect-specific virus detection in mosquitoes, which has p ... | 2015 | 26378568 |
| mosquito cell lines: history, isolation, availability and application to assess the threat of arboviral transmission in the united kingdom. | mosquitoes are highly effective vectors for transmission of human and animal pathogens. understanding the relationship between pathogen and vector is vital in developing strategies to predict and prevent transmission. cell lines derived from appropriate mosquito hosts provide a relatively simple tool for investigating the interaction between the host and viruses transmitted by mosquitoes. this review provides a brief overview of the development of mosquito cell lines, methods of isolation, their ... | 2014 | 25141888 |
| chronic joint disease caused by persistent chikungunya virus infection is controlled by the adaptive immune response. | chikungunya virus (chikv) is a reemerging mosquito-borne pathogen that causes incapacitating disease in humans characterized by intense joint pain that can persist for weeks, months, or even years. although there is some evidence of persistent chikv infection in humans suffering from chronic rheumatologic disease symptoms, little is known about chronic disease pathogenesis, and no specific therapies exist for acute or chronic chikv disease. to investigate mechanisms of chronic chikv-induced dise ... | 2013 | 24131709 |
| noncoding flavivirus rna displays rna interference suppressor activity in insect and mammalian cells. | west nile virus (wnv) and dengue virus (denv) are highly pathogenic, mosquito-borne flaviviruses (family flaviviridae) that cause severe disease and death in humans. wnv and denv actively replicate in mosquitoes and human hosts and thus encounter different host immune responses. rna interference (rnai) is the predominant antiviral response against invading rna viruses in insects and plants. as a countermeasure, plant and insect rna viruses encode rna silencing suppressor (rss) proteins to block ... | 2012 | 23035235 |
| a glance at subgenomic flavivirus rnas and micrornas in flavivirus infections. | the family flaviviridae comprises a wide variety of viruses that are distributed worldwide, some of which are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. there are neither vaccines nor antivirals for most flavivirus infections, reinforcing the importance of research on different aspects of the viral life cycle. during infection, cytoplasmic accumulation of rna fragments mainly originating from the 3' utrs, which have been designated subgenomic flavivirus rnas (sfrnas), has been detect ... | 2016 | 27233361 |
| the phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine receptor cd300a binds dengue virus and enhances infection. | dengue virus (denv) is the etiological agent of the major human arboviral disease. we previously demonstrated that the tim and tam families of phosphatidylserine (ptdser) receptors involved in the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells mediate denv entry into target cells. we show here that human cd300a, a recently identified phospholipid receptor, also binds directly denv particles and enhances viral entry. cd300a facilitates infection of the four denv serotypes, as well as of other mosquito-borne vir ... | 2015 | 26468529 |
| molecular evolution of zika virus during its emergence in the 20(th) century. | zika virus (zikv) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus first isolated in uganda in 1947. although entomological and virologic surveillance have reported zikv enzootic activity in diverse countries of africa and asia, few human cases were reported until 2007, when a zika fever epidemic took place in micronesia. in the context of west africa, the who collaborating centre for arboviruses and hemorrhagic fever at institut pasteur of dakar (http://www.pasteur.fr/recherche/banques/crora/) reports the period ... | 2014 | 24421913 |
| zika virus: diagnostics for an emerging pandemic threat. | zika virus (zikv) is anaedesmosquito-borne flavivirus that emerged in brazil in 2015 and then rapidly spread throughout the tropical and subtropical americas. based on clinical criteria alone, zikv cannot be reliably distinguished from infections with other pathogens that cause an undifferentiated systemic febrile illness, including infections with two common arboviruses, dengue virus and chikungunya virus. this minireview details the methods that are available to diagnose zikv infection. | 2016 | 26888897 |
| vector competence of culex neavei (diptera: culicidae) for usutu virus. | usutu virus (usuv), a flavivirus belonging to the japanese encephalitis serocomplex, was isolated for the first time from a culex neavei mosquito in 1959 in south africa. despite multiple isolations of usuv from cx. neavei in africa, its vector competence remains unproven. therefore, we infected cx. neavei orally with the usuv reference strain and used reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and an indirect immunofluorescence assay to detect virus in bodies, legs, wings, and saliva of mo ... | 0 | 22665607 |
| comparative full length genome sequence analysis of usutu virus isolates from africa. | usutu virus (usuv), a flavivirus belonging to the japanese encephalitis serocomplex, was identified in south africa in 1959 and reported for the first time in europe in 2001. to date, full length genome sequences have been available only for the reference strain from south africa and a single isolate from each of austria, hungary, and italy. | 2013 | 23816256 |
| emergence potential of sylvatic dengue virus type 4 in the urban transmission cycle is restrained by vaccination and homotypic immunity. | sylvatic dengue viruses (denv) are both evolutionarily and ecologically distinct from human denv and are maintained in an enzootic transmission cycle. evidence of sylvatic human infections from west africa and southeast asia suggests that sylvatic denv come into regular contact with humans. thus, this potential of emergence into the human transmission cycle could limit the potential for eradicating this cycle with vaccines currently in late stages of development. we assessed the likelihood of sy ... | 2013 | 23485373 |
| insect-specific viruses and their potential impact on arbovirus transmission. | arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are the causative agents of significant morbidity and mortality among humans and animals globally. in the past few years, the widespread adoption of next generation sequencing and metagenomics has led to a new era of virus discovery, where many novel viruses have been documented, exhibiting a restricted host-range in mosquitoes. they represent a wide-range of insect-specific viruses within the families of bunyaviridae, flaviviridae, mesoniviridae, reoviridae ... | 2015 | 26322695 |
| vector competence of culex neavei and culex quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae) from senegal for lineages 1, 2, koutango and a putative new lineage of west nile virus. | west nile virus (wn virus) is one of the most widespread arbovirus and exhibits a great genetic diversity with 8 lineages, at least 4 (1, 2, koutango, and putative new) are present in africa. in west africa, culex neavei and culex quinquefasciatus are considered as potential vectors for wn virus transmission in sylvatic or urban context. we analyzed the vector competence of these culex species from senegal for african lineages and envelope proteins sequences of viral strains used. we showed that ... | 2014 | 24567319 |
| genetic characterization of zika virus strains: geographic expansion of the asian lineage. | zika virus (zikv) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus distributed throughout much of africa and asia. infection with the virus may cause acute febrile illness that clinically resembles dengue fever. a recent study indicated the existence of three geographically distinct viral lineages; however this analysis utilized only a single viral gene. although zikv has been known to circulate in both africa and asia since at least the 1950s, little is known about the genetic relationships between geographicall ... | 2012 | 22389730 |
| zika virus (zikv). | | 2016 | 27994533 |
| negevirus: a proposed new taxon of insect-specific viruses with wide geographic distribution. | six novel insect-specific viruses, isolated from mosquitoes and phlebotomine sand flies collected in brazil, peru, the united states, ivory coast, israel, and indonesia, are described. their genomes consist of single-stranded, positive-sense rnas with poly(a) tails. by electron microscopy, the virions appear as spherical particles with diameters of ∼45 to 55 nm. based on their genome organization and phylogenetic relationship, the six viruses, designated negev, ngewotan, piura, loreto, dezidougo ... | 2012 | 23255793 |
| endogenous tick viruses and modulation of tick-borne pathogen growth. | ticks transmit a wide range of viral, bacterial and protozoan pathogens, many of which can establish persistent infections of lifelong duration in the vector tick and in some cases are transmitted transovarially to the next generation. in addition many ixodid and argasid tick cell lines and, by inference the parent ticks from which they were derived, harbor endogenous viruses (etv) of which almost nothing is known. in general, low level persistent infections with viral pathogens (arboviruses) ar ... | 2013 | 23875176 |
| current perspectives on the spread of dengue in india. | dengue fever (df) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (dhf) are important arthropod-borne viral diseases. each year, there are ~50 million dengue infections and ~500,000 individuals are hospitalized with dhf, mainly in southeast asia. dengue in india has dramatically expanded over the last few decades, with rapidly changing epidemiology. the first major dhf outbreak in the entire nation occurred in 1996 by dengue virus serotype 2, and after a gap of almost a decade, the country faced yet another df out ... | 2014 | 25525374 |
| evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of a new dengue iga capture assay (platelia dengue iga capture, bio-rad) for dengue infection detection. | considering the short lifetime of iga antibodies in serum and the key advantages of antibody detection elisas in terms of sensitivity and specificity, bio-rad has just developed a new elisa test based on the detection of specific anti-dengue iga. this study has been carried out to assess the performance of this platelia dengue iga capture assay for dengue infection detection. a total of 184 well-characterized samples provided by the french guiana nrc sera collection (laboratory of virology, inst ... | 2015 | 25803718 |
| quantitative real-time pcr detection of zika virus and evaluation with field-caught mosquitoes. | zika virus (zikv), a mosquito borne flavivirus is a pathogen affecting humans in asia and africa. zikv infection diagnosis relies on serology-which is challenging due to cross-reactions with other flaviviruses and/or absence or low titer of igm and igg antibodies at early phase of infection- virus isolation, which is labor intensive, time consuming and requires appropriate containment. therefore, real-time rt-pcr (rrt-pcr) is an appealing option as a rapid, sensitive and specific method for dete ... | 2013 | 24148652 |
| complete genome sequences of five zika virus isolates. | zika virus is an emerging human pathogen of great concern due to putative links to microcephaly and guillain-barre syndrome. here, we report the complete genomes, including the 5' and 3' untranslated regions, of five zika virus isolates, one from the asian lineage and four from the african lineage. | 2016 | 27174284 |
| simple reverse genetics systems for asian and african zika viruses. | zika virus (zikv), a typical example of a re-emerging pathogen, recently caused large outbreaks in pacific islands and the americas, associated with congenital diseases and neurological complications. deciphering the natural history, ecology and pathophysiology of this mosquito-borne pathogen requires effective reverse genetics tools. in the current study, using the bacterium-free 'infectious subgenomic amplicons' (isa) method, we generated and made available to the scientific community via the ... | 2016 | 27991555 |
| a novel mosquito-borne orbivirus species found in south-east asia. | the genus orbivirus of the family reoviridae includes a genetically diverse group of dsrna arthropod-borne viruses that infect a wide variety of animal species. here, we report the complete genome and phylogenetic analysis of a novel orbivirus (ian-66411 or sathuvachari virus, sviv) isolated in 1963 from starlings (brahminy myna) collected in vellore, tamil nadu, india. comparative genetic analysis of the sviv polymerase (vp1 protein), core protein (vp3) and outer core protein (vp7) confirmed th ... | 2013 | 23364187 |
| genomic and biological characterization of a new cypovirus isolated from dendrolimus punctatus. | a novel cypovirus (designated dpcpv-mc) was isolated from the pine moth dendrolimus punctatus using serial in vivo cloning procedures. dpcpv-mc occurs in typical polyhedral occlusion bodies, containing a number of spherical virions. laboratory bioassays indicated that the infectivity of dpcpv-mc against second-instar spodoptera exigua larvae does not differ significantly from that of dendrolimus punctatus cypovirus 1. full-length amplification of the dpcpv-mc cdnas identified 16 dsrna genome seg ... | 2014 | 25419713 |
| the argument for integrating vector control with multiple drug administration campaigns to ensure elimination of lymphatic filariasis. | there is a danger that mass drug administration campaigns may fail to maintain adequate treatment coverage to achieve lymphatic filariasis elimination. hence, additional measures to suppress transmission might be needed to ensure the success of the global program for the elimination of lymphatic filariasis. | 2006 | 16914040 |
| full-genome sequencing and confirmation of the causative agent of erythrocytic inclusion body syndrome in coho salmon identifies a new type of piscine orthoreovirus. | erythrocytic inclusion body syndrome (eibs) causes mass mortality in farmed salmonid fish, including the coho salmon, onchorhynchus kisutchi, and chinook salmon, o. tshawytscha. the causative agent of the disease is a virus with an icosahedral virion structure, but this virus has not been characterized at the molecular level. in this study, we sequenced the genome of a virus purified from eibs-affected coho salmon. the virus has 10 dsrna genomic segments (l1, l2, l3, m1, m2, m3, s1, s2, s3, and ... | 2016 | 27788206 |
| the discovery, distribution, and evolution of viruses associated with drosophila melanogaster. | drosophila melanogaster is a valuable invertebrate model for viral infection and antiviral immunity, and is a focus for studies of insect-virus coevolution. here we use a metagenomic approach to identify more than 20 previously undetected rna viruses and a dna virus associated with wild d. melanogaster. these viruses not only include distant relatives of known insect pathogens but also novel groups of insect-infecting viruses. by sequencing virus-derived small rnas, we show that the viruses repr ... | 2015 | 26172158 |
| a newly isolated reovirus has the simplest genomic and structural organization of any reovirus. | a total of 2,691 mosquitoes representing 17 species was collected from eight locations in southwest cameroon and screened for pathogenic viruses. ten isolates of a novel reovirus (genus dinovernavirus) were detected by culturing mosquito pools on aedes albopictus (c6/36) cell cultures. a virus that caused overt cytopathic effects was isolated, but it did not infect vertebrate cells or produce detectable disease in infant mice after intracerebral inoculation. the virus, tentatively designated fak ... | 2014 | 25355879 |
| tibet orbivirus, a novel orbivirus species isolated from anopheles maculatus mosquitoes in tibet, china. | the genus orbivirus includes a number of important pathogenic viruses, including bluetongue virus (btv), african horse sickness virus (ahsv), and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv). in this study we describe the isolation and characterization of an orbivirus strain isolated from anopheles maculatus mosquitoes collected in tibet, china. | 2014 | 24533145 |
| regions identity between the genome of vertebrates and non-retroviral families of insect viruses. | the scope of our understanding of the evolutionary history between viruses and animals is limited. the fact that the recent availability of many complete insect virus genomes and vertebrate genomes as well as the ability to screen these sequences makes it possible to gain a new perspective insight into the evolutionary interaction between insect viruses and vertebrates. this study is to determine the possibility of existence of sequence identity between the genomes of insect viruses and vertebra ... | 2011 | 22073942 |
| state of the globe: yellow fever is still around and active! | | 0 | 20300379 |
| characterization of the complete genome segments from bmcpv-sz, a novel bombyx mori cypovirus 1 isolate. | a novel bombyx mori cypovirus 1 isolated from infected silkworm larvae and tentatively assigned as bombyx mori cypovirus 1 isolate suzhou (bmcpv-sz). the complete nucleotide sequences of genomic segments s1-s10 from bmcpv-sz were determined. all segments possessed a single open reading frame; however, bioinformatic evidence suggested a short overlapping coding sequence in s1. each bmcpv-sz segment possessed the conserved terminal sequences aguaa and guuagcc at the 5' and 3' ends, respectively. t ... | 2012 | 22712678 |
| genetics of speciation in the aedes (stegomyia) scutellaris subgroup (diptera:culicidae). 4. chromosomal relationships of aedes cooki with four sibling species. | morphology and behavior of chromosomes and development of testes and sperm were examined in hybrids from interspecific crosses involving aedes cooki and four sibling species of the aedes (stegomyia) scutellaris subgroup of mosquitoes. the degree of abnormality in hybrid spermatogenesis in interspecific crosses involving aedes cooki males and females of four sibling species paralleled the geographic distributions of these species and the genetic divergence indicated by other genetic studies. hybr ... | 1984 | 6733572 |
| continuous cell lines and immune ascitic fluid pools in arbovirus detection. | successive experiments led us to use two cellular systems, mos61 (aedes pseudoscutellaris cells) and vero cells, among the continuous cell lines recommended by the who collaborating center for systematic research and isolation of arboviruses. virus detection in cell cultures is carried out with 7 mixtures containing 10 hyperimmune ascitic fluids made with the reference viruses. this technique enables the detection of 70 of the 80 arboviruses transmitted by mosquitoes in africa and very easily de ... | 2006 | 1297177 |
| preliminary characterization of virus-like particles in a mosquito (aedes pseudoscutellaris) cell line (mos. 61). | electron microscopic examination of an aedes pseudoscutellaris mosquito cell line (mos. 61) revealed the presence of a large number of virus-like particles (vlp) in the cytoplasm of approximately 10% of the cells. these particles have a diameter of 36 nm, do not contain a lipid envelope, and have a buoyant density of 1.40 g/ml in cscl. vlp contain dna which appears to be single-stranded by su nuclease assay. page of the vlp demonstrates the presence of four structural polypeptides with molecular ... | 1980 | 7390733 |
| a new phenotype of aedes pseudoscutellaris theobald obtained by single-pair laboratory matings (diptera: culicidae). | | 1965 | 5827571 |
| the genetic relationships of aedes pseudoscutellaris theo bald and a. polynesiensis marks (diptera: culicidae). | | 1954 | 13197367 |