| spiralin-like protein slp31 from spiroplasma eriocheiris as a potential antigen for immunodiagnostics of tremor disease in chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis. | spiroplasma eriocheiris caused massive mortality of chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis but little is known about the molecular characteristics of this microorganism. we described here the identification of a spiralin-like protein (slp31) from s. eriocheiris and expression in escherichia coli. analysis of the nucleotide sequence revealed that the clone has an open reading frame of 837 bp encoding a protein of 279 amino acids. theoretical isoelectric point and molar mass for slp31 are 7.72 and ... | 2010 | 20526837 |
| a rapid assay for simultaneous detection of spiroplasma eriocheiris and white spot syndrome virus in procambarus clarkii by multiplex pcr. | to establish a multiplex pcr method for simultaneous and rapid detection of spiroplasma eriocheiris and white spot syndrome virus (wssv) in procambarus clarkii with recommendations for application to other crustacea. | 2010 | 20831654 |
| spiroplasma eriocheiris sp. nov., associated with mortality in the chinese mitten crab, eriocheir sinensis. | a motile bacterium, designated strain tda-040725-5(t), was isolated from the haemolymph of a chinese mitten crab, eriocheir sinensis, with tremor disease. based on 16s rrna gene sequence analysis, the strain was phylogenetically distinct from other spiroplasmas but was closely related to spiroplasma mirum atcc 29335(t). cells of strain tda-040725-5(t) were variable in length and shape, helical and motile, as determined by phase-contrast light microscopy. examination by electron microscopy reveal ... | 2011 | 20418415 |
| identification and characterization of spiralin-like protein slp25 from spiroplasma eriocheiris. | spiroplasma eriocheiris causes tremor disease (td) of chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis, but little is known about the molecular characterization of this pathogen. the present study was undertaken to identify a unique gene of spiroplasma, spiralin-like protein (slp25) and analyze its character. the full-length dna of slp25 is 699 bp encodes a protein of 232 amino acid residues. the theoretical isoelectric point and molecular weight for the slp25 are 4.50 and 24.67 kda, respectively. the sim ... | 2010 | 20153936 |
| identification of proteome, antigen protein and antigen membrane protein from spiroplasma eriocheiris. | spiroplasma eriocheiris, which causes tremor disease of chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis, has led to catastrophic economic loses in aquaculture. immunoproteomics, a new scientific technique combining proteomics and immunological analytical methods, provided the direction of our research on s. eriocheiris. the aim of our study was to identify the proteome, antigen proteins and antigen membrane proteins of s. eriocheiris. a total of 780 s. eriocheiris proteins were identified by lc-ms/ms tec ... | 2017 | 28763106 |
| interaction of heat shock protein 60 (hsp60) with microrna in chinese mitten crab during spiroplasma eriocheiris infection. | heat shock protein 60 from the chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis (eshsp60) was previously identified in relation to spiroplasma eriocheiris infection by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation labelling followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. in the present study, to validate the immune function of this protein, the cdna of the eshsp60 gene was cloned. various crab tissues were assessed using real-time pcr, which showed that eshsp60 transcription occurred in ... | 2017 | 28792419 |
| spiroplasma eriocheiris adhesin-like protein (alp) interacts with epidermal growth factor (egf) domain proteins to facilitate infection. | spiroplasma eriocheiris is a novel pathogen found in recent years, causing the tremor disease (td) of chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis. like spiroplasma mirum, s. eriocheiris infects the newborn mouse (adult mice are not infected) and can cause cataract. adhesion-related protein is an important protein involved in the interaction between pathogen and host. in this study, the adhesin-like protein (alp) of s. eriocheiris was detected on its outer membrane by using immune electron microscopy, ... | 2017 | 28184355 |
| systematic analysis of the lysine acetylome of the pathogenic bacterium spiroplasma eriocheiris reveals acetylated proteins related to metabolism and helical structure. | post-translational modifications such as acetylation are an essential regulatory mechanism of protein function. spiroplasma eriocheiris, with no cell wall and a helical structure, is a novel pathogen of freshwater crustacean. there is no other evidence of acylation (such as succinylation and propionylation) except acetylation genes in s. eriocheiris concise genome. so the acetylation may play an important role in s. eriocheiris. here, we conducted the first lysine acetylome in s. eriocheiris. we ... | 2016 | 27498276 |
| identification of lysophospholipase protein from spiroplasma eriocheiris and verification of its function. | spiroplasma eriocheiris is known to cause tremor disease in the chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis; however, the molecular characterization of this pathogen is still unclear. s. eriocheiris has the ability to invade and survive within mouse 3t6 cells. the invasion process may require causing damage to the host cell membrane by chemical, physical or enzymatic means. in this study, we systematically characterized a novel lysophospholipase (lysopl) of s. eriocheiris tda-040725-5t. the gene that ... | 2017 | 27926815 |
| production and application of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies against spiroplasma eriocheiris. | a new species of spiroplasma, spiroplasma eriocheiris (s. eriocheiris), was identified as a lethal pathogen of tremor disease (td) in chinese mitten crab recently. in order to acquire appropriate biological and diagnostic tools for characterizing this newly discovered pathogen, 5 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) and a polyclonal antibody (pab) against s. eriocheiris were produced. among the mabs, 6f5, 7c8 and 12h5 lead to the deformation of s. eriocheiris. a peptide sequence, ymrdmqsglpry was identi ... | 2015 | 26639364 |
| the superoxide dismutase from red claw crayfish, cherax quadricarinatus: molecular cloning and characterization analysis. | in the present study, an extracellular copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (eccuznsod) gene and a mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (mtmnsod) gene were cloned from hemocytes of red claw crayfish, cherax quadricarinatus. the open reading frame (orf) of eccuznsod is 498 bp and encodes a 166 amino acids (aa) protein, whereas the orf of mtmnsod is 654 bp and encodes a 218 aa protein. the amino acid sequences of c. quadricarinatus eccuznsod and mtmnsod showed high similarities with those of e ... | 2014 | 25366155 |
| found and lost: the fates of horizontally acquired genes in arthropod-symbiotic spiroplasma. | horizontal gene transfer (hgt) is an important mechanism that contributed to biological diversity, particularly in bacteria. through acquisition of novel genes, the recipient cell may change its ecological preference and the process could promote speciation. in this study, we determined the complete genome sequence of two spiroplasma species for comparative analyses and inferred the putative gene gains and losses. although most spiroplasma species are symbionts of terrestrial insects, spiroplasm ... | 2015 | 26254485 |
| Identification and comparative analysis of the Eriocheir sinensis microRNA transcriptome response to Spiroplasma eriocheiris infection using a deep sequencing approach. | The Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis is one of the most important freshwater aquaculture crustacean species in China. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that are important effectors in the intricate host-pathogen interaction network. To increase the repertoire of miRNAs characterized in crustaceans and to examine the relationship between host miRNA expression and pathogen infection, we used the Illumina/Solexa deep sequencing technology to sequence two small RNA libraries prepare ... | 2012 | 22166732 |
| identification of adhesin-like protein alp41 from spiroplasma eriocheiris and induction immune response of eriocheir sinensis. | spiroplasma eriocheiris is a causative agent of the tremor disease (td) of chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis which is a novel pathogen of aquatic animals found in recent years. a gene, adhesin-like protein (alp41), of s. eriocheiris from e. sinensis was identified and its characteristics were analyzed in present paper. the role of this pathogen's host-binding protein in promoting immune responses was characterized through analyzing the interaction between s. eriocheiris and e. sinensis. the ... | 2010 | 20538062 |
| development of a colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay (gica) for the rapid detection of spiroplasma eriocheiris in commercially exploited crustaceans from china. | spiroplasma eriocheiris is an emerging pathogen in freshwater crustaceans. in recent years, eriocheir sinensis, procambarus clarkii, litopenaeus vannamei, macrobrachium rosenbergii and macrobrachium nipponense had been infected by this pathogen in china. an immunochromatographic strip test using gold nanoparticles was developed for rapidly detecting this pathogen. the strip test based on the principle of sandwich immunoassay by the specific combination between the pathogen and polyclonal antibod ... | 2017 | 28631828 |
| integrated analysis of mrna-seq in the haemocytes of eriocheir sinensis in response to spiroplasma eriocheiris infection. | the chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis is an important economic crustacean that has been exposed to various diseases. spiroplasma eriocheiris, isolated from tremor-diseased e. sinensis, was first identified as a lethal pathogen of freshwater crustaceans. to understand the pathogenesis of s. eriocheiris to e. sinensis, the transcriptomic profiles of haemocytes in the experimental and control groups at 1 d and 7 d post-injection were obtained using illumina hiseq 2500. these results showed tha ... | 2017 | 28734969 |
| primary culture of hemocytes from eriocheir sinensis and their immune effects to the novel crustacean pathogen spiroplasma eriocheiris. | to investigate the interaction between chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis hemocytes and the pathogen spiroplasma eriocheiris, a system for in vitro culture of e. sinensis hemocytes with high viability was developed. following optimization of conditions, hemocytes survived for >35 days. after challenge with the novel crustacean pathogen s. eriocheiris, e. sinensis hemocytes began to develop vacuoles, and then they began to die (within 60 h). real-time rt-pcr analysis of s. eriocheiris infecte ... | 2012 | 22723002 |
| characterization of a monoclonal antibody to spiroplasma eriocheiris and identification of a motif expressed by the pathogen. | tremor disease (td) has been found to be a lethal epidemic in chinese mitten crab during recent years. a new species of spiroplasma, spiroplasma eriocheiris (s. eriocheiris), was identified as the pathogen causing td. in order to acquire appropriate biological tools for characterizing this newly discovered pathogen, we developed a new s. eriocheiris specific monoclonal antibody (mab) 6h7. the antibody showed high binding affinity to s. eriocheiris (k(a)=6.25×10(8) m(-1)) and it bound to the adhe ... | 2013 | 22925271 |
| transcriptome-wide identification and characterization of the procambarus clarkii micrornas potentially related to immunity against spiroplasma eriocheiris infection. | we used the illumina/solexa deep sequencing technology to sequence two small rna libraries prepared from hemocytes of procambarus clarkii under normal and infection conditions. the high-throughput sequencing approach resulted in approximately 12,801,827 and 8,410,455 raw reads corresponding to 10,949,754 and 6,648,161 high-quality mappable reads for the normal and infected hemocyte samples, respectively. bioinformatic analyses identified 195 unique mirnas, including 30 that are conserved in crus ... | 2013 | 23747834 |
| quantitative detection and proliferation dynamics of a novel spiroplasma eriocheiris pathogen in the freshwater crayfish, procambarus clarkii. | spiroplasma eriocheiris disease control based on sensitive quantitative methods has become a priority. a sybr green real-time pcr that can simultaneously detect and quantify s. eriocheiris in the freshwater crayfish procambarus clarkii was produced and evaluated. in the asymptomatic crayfish, hemolymph exhibited the statistically greatest number of s. eriocheiris copies indicating a tissue-specific pathogen infection characteristic. the curve of the pathogen amount change in vivo assumed a very ... | 2014 | 24184952 |
| establishment of spiroplasma-infected hemocytes as an in vitro laboratory culture model of chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis. | spiroplasma is a novel pathogen of commercially exploited crustaceans. to more full clarify its pathogenic mechanism at the molecular level in vitro, a spiroplasma-infected hemocytes model was developed as described here, using a modified method of hemocytes culture from the chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis. it has been standardized by employing l-15 growth medium supplemented with 15% fetal bovine serum along with 0.15% glucose, 0.75% nacl, antibiotics (100 u ml(-1) penicillin, 100 u ml(- ... | 2014 | 24731553 |
| itraq-based proteomic study of the effects of spiroplasma eriocheiris on chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis hemocytes. | spiroplasma eriocheiris is as a novel pathogen of chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis tremor disease. the hemocytes have been shown to be major target cells in s. eriocheiris infection. the aim of this study was to examine the hemocytes' immune response at the protein levels. the differential proteomes of the crab hemocytes were analyzed immediately prior to injection with the pathogen, and at 10 d post-injection by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantization (itraq) labeling, follow ... | 2014 | 25017370 |
| direct visualization of the novel pathogen, spiroplasma eriocheiris, in the freshwater crayfish procambarus clarkii (girard) using fluorescence in situ hybridization. | spiroplasma eriocheiris is the first spiroplasma strain known to be pathogenic to freshwater crustaceans. it has caused considerable economic losses both in the freshwater crayfish procambarus clarkii (girard) and in some other crustaceans. the monitoring of the pathogen in crustacean populations and study of its behaviour in the laboratory require the development of reliable diagnostic tools. in this article, we improved microscopic identification of s. eriocheiris by combining in situ hybridiz ... | 2015 | 25167936 |
| prevalence of pathogenic bacteria in ixodes ricinus ticks in central bohemia. | bacteria associated with the tick ixodes ricinus were assessed in specimens unattached or attached to the skin of cats, dogs and humans, collected in the czech republic. the bacteria were detected by pcr in 97 of 142 pooled samples including 204 ticks, i.e. 1-7 ticks per sample, collected at the same time from one host. a fragment of the bacterial 16s rrna gene was amplified, cloned and sequenced from 32 randomly selected samples. the most frequent sequences were those related to candidatus midi ... | 2016 | 26612395 |
| itraq-based quantitative proteomic analysis of macrobrachium rosenbergii hemocytes during spiroplasma eriocheiris infection. | spiroplasma eriocheiris, as a novel aquaculture pathogen, has led into catastrophic economic losses in aquaculture. the macrobrachium rosenbergii hemocytes were major target cells in s. eriocheiris infection. our study was designed to examine the hemocytes' immune response at the protein levels. the differential proteomes of the prawn hemocytes were analyzed immediately prior to injection with the pathogen, and at 192h post-injection by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantization (itraq ... | 2016 | 26746008 |
| chemotaxis without conventional two-component system, based on cell polarity and aerobic conditions in helicity-switching swimming of spiroplasma eriocheiris. | spiroplasma eriocheiris is a pathogen that causes mass mortality in chinese mitten crab, eriocheir sinensis. s. eriocheiris causes tremor disease and infects almost all of the artificial breeding crustaceans, resulting in disastrous effects on the aquaculture economy in china. s. eriocheiris is a wall-less helical bacterium, measuring 2.0 to 10.0 μm long, and can swim up to 5 μm per second in a viscous medium without flagella by switching the cell helicity at a kink traveling from the front to t ... | 2017 | 28217108 |
| transformation of crustacean pathogenic bacterium spiroplasma eriocheiris and expression of yellow fluorescent protein. | spiroplasma eriocheiris, the cause of crab trembling disease, is a wall-less bacterium, related to mycoplasmas, measuring 2.0-10.0 μm long. it features a helical cell shape and a unique swimming mechanism that does not use flagella; instead, it moves by switching the cell helicity at a kink traveling from the front to the tail. s. eriocheiris seems to use a novel chemotactic system that is based on the frequency of reversal swimming behaviors rather than the conventional two-component system, wh ... | 2017 | 28363870 |
| comparison of microbiomes between red poultry mite populations (dermanyssus gallinae): predominance of bartonella-like bacteria. | blood feeding red poultry mites (rpm) serve as vectors of pathogenic bacteria and viruses among vertebrate hosts including wild birds, poultry hens, mammals, and humans. the microbiome of rpm has not yet been studied by high-throughput sequencing. rpm eggs, larvae, and engorged adult/nymph samples obtained in four poultry houses in czechia were used for microbiome analyses by illumina amplicon sequencing of the 16s ribosomal rna (rrna) gene v4 region. a laboratory rpm population was used as posi ... | 2017 | 28534089 |