| a serological survey of antibodies to rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (rabbit calicivirus disease) in two rural central otago communities. | to determine whether individuals from two rural communities with heavy exposure to the rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (rhdv) developed antibodies to this virus. | 2001 | 11280425 |
| evaluation of a p30 gene-based real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay for detection of feline caliciviruses. | this report describes a feline calicivirus (fcv) p30 gene-based real-time sybr green i reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) assay that is capable of detecting low virus concentrations and a broad range of fcv isolates. the assay consisted of a 1-step rt-pcr reaction with primers delineating a 126-base-pair (bp) region of the fcv p30 gene. sensitivity of the rt-pcr assay was determined to be equivalent to a fcv titer of 1.2 x 10(1) to 1.2 x 10(2) tcid50/ml. the assay was linea ... | 2004 | 14765747 |
| rabbit calicivirus infection confirmed in iowa rabbitry. | | 2000 | 10825935 |
| european brown hare syndrome in the u.k.; a calicivirus related to but distinct from that of viral haemorrhagic disease in rabbits. | the virus recovered from cases of european brown hare syndrome in the u.k. contains one major capsid protein of approximately 60 k molecular weight and morphologically resembles known caliciviruses. it has been compared with a european isolate of rabbit haemorrhagic disease calicivirus and, although it shows some antigenic similarity, it is not identical. in transmission and protection studies the virus from u.k. hares failed to produce disease in rabbits and did not effectively protect against ... | 1992 | 1318711 |
| the non-pathogenic australian rabbit calicivirus rcv-a1 provides temporal and partial cross protection to lethal rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus infection which is not dependent on antibody titres. | the endemic non-pathogenic australian rabbit calicivirus rcv-a1 is known to provide some cross protection to lethal infection with the closely related rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (rhdv). despite its obvious negative impacts on viral biocontrol of introduced european rabbits in australia, little is known about the extent and mechanisms of this cross protection. in this study 46 rabbits from a colony naturally infected with rcv-a1 were exposed to rhdv. survival rates and survival times did n ... | 2013 | 23834204 |
| distribution and prevalence of the australian non-pathogenic rabbit calicivirus is correlated with rainfall and temperature. | australia relies heavily on rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (rhdv) for the biological control of introduced european wild rabbits oryctolagus cuniculus, which are significant economic and environmental pests. an endemic non-pathogenic rabbit calicivirus termed rcv-a1 also occurs in wild rabbits in australian and provides partial protection against lethal rhdv infection, thus interfering with effective rabbit control. despite its obvious importance for rabbit population management, little is kn ... | 2014 | 25486092 |
| the complicated strains of rabbit calicivirus. | | 2014 | 25509468 |
| complete genome sequence of two rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus variant b isolates detected on the iberian peninsula. | we report the complete genome sequences of two isolates (rhdv-n11 and cbval16) of variant rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (rhdvb). isolate n11 was detected in young domestic animals during a rabbit hemorrhagic disease (rhd) outbreak that occurred in 2011 on a rabbit farm in navarra, spain, while cbval16 was isolated from a wild rabbit found dead in valpaços, northern portugal, a year later. the viral sequences reported show 84.8-85.1 % and 78.3-78.5 % identity to rhdvast/89 and rcv-a1 mic-07, r ... | 2015 | 25577166 |
| adverse reactions in a population of sydney pet rabbits vaccinated against rabbit calicivirus. | to determine the general clinical presentation and incidence of adverse reactions to cylap® rcd vaccinations, of a nature serious enough for veterinary attention, in a sydney population of pet rabbits. | 2015 | 26503535 |
| purification and biochemical characterisation of rabbit calicivirus rna-dependent rna polymerases and identification of non-nucleoside inhibitors. | rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (rhdv) is a calicivirus that causes acute infections in both domestic and wild european rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus). the virus causes significant economic losses in rabbit farming and reduces wild rabbit populations. the recent emergence of rhdv variants capable of overcoming immunity to other strains emphasises the need to develop universally effective antivirals to enable quick responses during outbreaks until new vaccines become available. the rna-depende ... | 2016 | 27089358 |
| rna-dependent rna polymerases of both virulent and benign rabbit caliciviruses induce striking rearrangement of golgi membranes. | the extremely pathogenic rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (rhdv) and the completely benign rabbit calicivirus (rcv) are closely related members of the genus lagovirus (family caliciviridae). the molecular mechanisms that determine the dramatic difference in virulence are unknown, but indirect evidence suggests that different properties of their rna-dependent rna polymerases (rdrps) may at least partially be responsible for the contrasting phenotypes. here we report that the unusual ability of t ... | 2017 | 28072826 |
| discovery and characterization of a benign rabbit calicivirus in new zealand. | the czech v351 strain of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (rhdv1) is used in australia and new zealand as a biological control agent for rabbits, which are an important and damaging introduced vertebrate pest in these countries. however, non-pathogenic rabbit caliciviruses (rcvs) can provide partial immunological cross-protection against lethal rhdv infection and thus interfere with effective rabbit biocontrol. antibodies that cross-reacted against rhdv antigens were found in wild rabbits befor ... | 2017 | 28363968 |
| rabbit haemorrhagic disease: advantages of celisa in assessing immunity in wild rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus). | rabbit haemorrhagic disease (rhd) is an acute fatal disease of domestic and wild european rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus) caused by rhd virus (rhdv). accurate assessment of immunity is of great importance for the conservation and control of wild rabbits. we evaluated a competitive elisa (celisa) against isotype elisas for assessing the protective immunity against the disease by challenging 50 wild-caught rabbits with a lethal dose of rhdv. death or survival to the challenge was used as a criteri ... | 2011 | 21719216 |
| characterisation of a non-pathogenic and non-protective infectious rabbit lagovirus related to rhdv. | the existence of non-pathogenic rhdv strains was established when a non-lethal virus named rabbit calicivirus (rcv) was characterised in 1996 in italy. since then, different rna sequences related to rhdv have been detected in apparently healthy domestic and wild rabbits, and recently a new lagovirus was identified in australia. we have characterised from seropositive healthy domestic rabbits a non-lethal lagovirus that differs from rhdv in terms of pathogenicity, tissue tropism and capsid protei ... | 2010 | 21195443 |
| evolution and phylogeography of the nonpathogenic calicivirus rcv-a1 in wild rabbits in australia. | despite its potential importance for the biological control of european rabbits, relatively little is known about the evolution and molecular epidemiology of rabbit calicivirus australia 1 (rcv-a1). to address this issue we undertook an extensive evolutionary analysis of 36 rcv-a1 samples collected from wild rabbit populations in southeast australia between 2007 and 2009. based on phylogenetic analysis of the entire capsid sequence, six clades of rcv-a1 were defined, each exhibiting strong popul ... | 2010 | 20861266 |
| not-so-novel michigan rabbit calicivirus. | | 2010 | 20678344 |
| the non-pathogenic australian lagovirus rcv-a1 causes a prolonged infection and elicits partial cross-protection to rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus. | two caliciviruses occur in australian wild rabbits: rabbit calicivirus australia 1 (rcv-a1) and rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (rhdv), which is used in australia as a biocontrol agent to reduce feral rabbit populations. there is concern that rcv-a1 acts as a natural vaccine and protects from lethal rhdv infection. to investigate this hypothesis, domestic rabbits were perorally infected with rcv-a1, monitored for 28 days and subsequently challenged with rhdv. we show that rcv-a1 causes a non-p ... | 2010 | 20034646 |
| a sensitive and specific blocking elisa for the detection of rabbit calicivirus rcv-a1 antibodies. | antibodies to non-pathogenic rabbit caliciviruses (rcvs) cross-react in serological tests for rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (rhdv) and vice versa, making epidemiological studies very difficult where both viruses occur. it is important to understand the distribution and interaction of the two viruses because the highly pathogenic rhdv has been used as a biocontrol agent for wild rabbits in australia and new zealand for the past 17 years. the presence of the benign rcv australia 1 (rcv-a1) is c ... | 2012 | 22943557 |
| origin and phylodynamics of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus. | to determine the origin, phylogenetic relationships, and evolutionary dynamics of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (rhdv), we examined 210 partial and complete capsid gene nucleotide sequences. using a bayesian markov chain monte carlo approach, we estimated that these sequences evolved at a rate of 3.9 x 10(-4) to 11.9 x 10(-4) nucleotide substitutions per site per year. this rate was consistent across subsets of data, was robust in response to recombination, and casts doubt on the provenance o ... | 2009 | 19759153 |
| serological assays to discriminate rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus from australian non-pathogenic rabbit calicivirus. | serological cross reactivity between the virulent rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (rhdv) and the closely related but non-pathogenic rabbit calicivirus (rcv) makes it difficult to study the epidemiology of each virus and the interaction between them when both viruses co-circulate in wild rabbit populations. elisa methods for the diagnosis of rhdv infection are well characterized, but no specific serological tests for rcv have been developed. following the characterization of australian non-path ... | 2012 | 22333288 |
| characterization of the sequence element directing translation reinitiation in rna of the calicivirus rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus. | the calicivirus minor capsid protein vp2 is expressed via reinitiation of protein synthesis after termination of translation of the preceding vp1 gene. a sequence element of about 80 nucleotides denoted "termination upstream ribosomal binding site" (turbs) (25) is crucial for reinitiation. deletion mapping in the turbs of a rabbit calicivirus identified two short sequence motifs that were crucial for vp2 expression. motif 1 is conserved among caliciviruses and is complementary to a sequence in t ... | 2007 | 17596308 |
| in situ hybridisation assay for localisation of rabbit calicivirus australia-1 (rcv-a1) in european rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus) tissues. | recently, a new lagovirus enzootic in australian wild rabbits was identified and described as rabbit calicivirus australia-1 (rcv-a1). unlike the closely related rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (rhdv), which causes fulminant hepatitis and rabbit death, rcv-a1 does not appear to induce any clinical disease. rcv-a1 has been postulated to act as an imperfect natural vaccine to rhdv thus reducing rhdv-induced rabbit mortality, which is detrimental for bio-control of rabbits in australia. this stud ... | 2013 | 23261802 |
| the presence of cross-reactive antibodies to rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus in australian wild rabbits prior to the escape of virus from quarantine. | sera collected from australian wild rabbits prior to the escape of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (rhdv) from wardang island were examined for rhdv antibodies using purified recombinant capsid protein vp60 expressed from baculovirus. a vp60-based indirect elisa showed that 196 of 392 wild rabbit sera reacted (od(450) >0.15) with vp60. twenty sera (od(450) ranging from 0.15-2.47), randomly chosen from the 196 positive sera, recognized the 64 kda vp60 in western blot analysis, indicating that t ... | 2000 | 10893153 |
| detection and preliminary characterization of a new rabbit calicivirus related to rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus but nonpathogenic. | a new rabbit calicivirus related to the rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (rhdv) was identified. the new virus contains significant differences from the previously characterized rhdv isolates in terms of pathogenicity, viral titer, tropism, and primary sequence of the structural protein. cross-protection experiments, antigenic data, and sequence comparisons demonstrate that the new virus is more closely related to rhdv than to the european brown hare syndrome virus, another member of the calicivi ... | 1996 | 8970986 |
| strategies for improving vaccine antigens expression in transgenic plants: fusion to carrier sequences. | transgenic plants are gaining increasing attention from the industry as a natural bioreactor for the production of industrial and chemical products. optimization of transgene expression in plant cells holds the key to maximizing the potential of plants for producing proteins of commercial interest. this chapter is devoted to the description of the methods utilized for the generation of transgenic plants expressing a canine parvovirus vaccine peptide or virus-like particles from a rabbit calicivi ... | 2009 | 19183905 |
| the australian rabbit calicivirus disease program: a story about technoscience and culture. | the paper discusses the australian rabbit calicivirus disease (rcd) program, an attempt at the biological control of wild rabbits, as an example of how technoscience in 'mode-2 society' works. my aim is to illuminate the variety of, and the connections between, the diverse activities that the technoscientific actors engage in. the rcd program brought a new entity into australia; it was pursued by a network of actors across institutional boundaries, and it produced a public image linked to widely ... | 2001 | 11831295 |
| novel calicivirus identified in rabbits, michigan, usa. | we report a disease outbreak in a michigan rabbitry of a rabbit calicivirus distinct from the foreign animal disease agent, rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (rhdv). the novel virus has been designated michigan rabbit calicivirus (mrcv). caliciviruses of the lagovirus genus other than rhdv have not been described in us rabbit populations. the case-fatality rate was 32.5% (65/200). clinical signs included hemorrhage and sudden death, with hepatic necrosis. analysis of viral rna sequence from >95% ... | 2009 | 19961675 |
| benign rabbit caliciviruses exhibit evolutionary dynamics similar to those of their virulent relatives. | two closely related caliciviruses cocirculate in australia: rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (rhdv) and rabbit calicivirus australia 1 (rcv-a1). rcv-a1 causes benign enteric infections in the european rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus) in australia and new zealand, while its close relative rhdv causes a highly pathogenic infection of the liver in the same host. the comparison of these viruses provides important information on the nature and trajectory of virulence evolution, particularly as highly v ... | 2016 | 27512059 |
| first complete genome sequence of a european non-pathogenic rabbit calicivirus (lagovirus gi.3). | we report the full genome sequence of the non-pathogenic rabbit lagovirus lagovirus europaeus/gi.3/o cun/fr/2006/06-11 (gi.3/06-11), collected from a healthy french domestic rabbit in 2006, and initially described as 06-11 strain. the sequence reveals a genomic organization similar to lagoviruses. it was 7,436 bases long and contained two open reading frames (orf). a dipeptide variation at the potential p23/2c-like helicase cleavage site (ee instead of ed) was observed, a feature only shared wit ... | 2018 | 29978262 |
| efficacy of a commercial vaccine against different strains of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus. | this study investigated the ability of a commercial rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (rhdv) vaccine (cylap®) to protect rabbits from disease caused by two different strains of the virus (v351 and k5) that are used or proposed to be used for wild rabbit control in australia. these strains of the rhdv1 genotype belong to the 'classical rhdv' and 'antigenic variant rhdva' subtypes, respectively. | 2017 | 28653381 |
| widespread occurrence of the non-pathogenic hare calicivirus (hacv lagovirus gii.2) in captive-reared and free-living wild hares in europe. | the lagovirus genus comprises both pathogenic viruses as european brown hare syndrome virus (ebhsv- gii.1) and rabbit hemorrhagic disease viruses (rhdv-gi.1 and rhdv2-gi.2), that principally infect european brown hares (lepus europeaus) and european rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus), respectively, causing severe necrotic hepatitis, spleen enlargement and disseminated haemorrhage. this genus includes also non-pathogenic agents, such as rabbit calicivirus (rcv-e1 - gi.3) and the non-pathogenic hare ... | 2020 | 32603021 |