| characterization and complete genome sequence of a novel coronavirus, coronavirus hku1, from patients with pneumonia. | despite extensive laboratory investigations in patients with respiratory tract infections, no microbiological cause can be identified in a significant proportion of patients. in the past 3 years, several novel respiratory viruses, including human metapneumovirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) coronavirus (sars-cov), and human coronavirus nl63, were discovered. here we report the discovery of another novel coronavirus, coronavirus hku1 (cov-hku1), from a 71-year-old man with pneumonia ... | 2005 | 15613317 |
| phylogenetic and recombination analysis of coronavirus hku1, a novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia. | phylogenetic trees constructed using predicted amino acid sequences of putative proteins of coronavirus hku1 (cov-hku1) revealed that cov-hku1 formed a distinct branch among group 2 coronaviruses. of the 14 trees from p65 to nsp10, nine showed that cov-hku1 was clustered with murine hepatitis virus. from nsp11, the topologies of the trees changed dramatically. for the eight trees from nsp11 to n, seven showed that the cov-hku1 branch was the first branch. the codon usage patterns of cov-hku1 dif ... | 2005 | 15986174 |
| [sars, avian influenza, and human metapneumovirus infection]. | beginning in the 1950s respiratory viruses have been gradually discovered by isolation in cell cultures the last were the coronaviruses in the 1960s. no new respiratory viruses were discovered until 2001 when human metapneumovirus was found in respiratory specimens from children with bronchiolitis. a year later, in november 2002, severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) suddenly appeared as atypical pneumonia. a novel virus belonging to the coronaviridae family was found to be a cause of this in ... | 2005 | 16159544 |
| evidence of human coronavirus hku1 and human bocavirus in australian children. | undiagnosed cases of respiratory tract disease suspected of an infectious aetiology peak during the winter months. since studies applying molecular diagnostic assays usually report reductions in the number of undiagnosed cases of infectious disease compared to traditional techniques, we applied pcr assays to investigate the role of two recently described viruses, namely human coronavirus (hcov) hku1 and human bocavirus (hbov), in a hospital-based paediatric population. both viruses were found am ... | 2006 | 16257260 |
| detection of the new human coronavirus hku1: a report of 6 cases. | human coronavirus hku1 (hcov-hku1), a new group 2 coronavirus, was first characterized in 2005 from 2 adults with pneumonia in hong kong, china. to the best of our knowledge, there is no other report to date about the detection of this new virus. we report a molecular method allowing for the detection of hcov-hku1 and also report the clinical presentation of 6 infected patients. | 2006 | 16447108 |
| coronavirus hku1 infection in the united states. | in 2005, a new human coronavirus, hcov-hku1, was identified in hong kong. we screened respiratory specimens collected from december 16, 2001, to december 15, 2002, from children <5 years of age who tested negative for respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza viruses, influenza virus, and adenovirus for hcov-hku1 by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. overall, 1,048 respiratory specimens from 851 children were tested, and 9 hcov-hku1-positive children (1%) were identified, 2 of who ... | 2006 | 16704837 |
| coronavirus hku1 and other coronavirus infections in hong kong. | we have recently described the discovery of a novel coronavirus, coronavirus hku1 (cov-hku1), associated with community-acquired pneumonia. however, the clinical spectrum of disease and the epidemiology of cov-hku1 infections in relation to infections with other respiratory viruses are unknown. in this 12-month prospective study, 4,181 nasopharyngeal aspirates from patients with acute respiratory tract infections were subjected to reverse transcription-pcrs specific for cov-hku1 and human corona ... | 2006 | 16757599 |
| impact of human coronavirus infections in otherwise healthy children who attended an emergency department. | this prospective clinical and virological study of 2,060 otherwise healthy children aged <15 years of age (1,112 males; mean age +/- sd, 3.46 +/- 3.30 years) who attended the emergency department of milan university's institute of pediatrics because of an acute disease excluding trauma during the winter season 2003-2004 was designed to compare the prevalence and clinical importance of human coronaviruses (hcovs) in children. real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in nasopharyngeal aspirates r ... | 2006 | 17063525 |
| antiviral strategies against human coronaviruses. | since the mid 60's the human coronaviruses (hcov), represented by hcov-oc43 and hcov-229e, were generally considered relatively harmless viruses. this status changed dramatically with the emergence of sars-cov in 2002/2003. the sars-cov pandemic took 774 lives around the globe and infected more than 8000 people in 29 countries. sars-cov is believed to be of zoonotic origin, transmitted from its natural reservoir in bats through several animal species (e.g., civet cats, raccoon dogs sold for huma ... | 2007 | 17346212 |
| identification of new human coronaviruses. | to date, there are still a variety of human infections with unknown etiology. identification of previously unrecognized viral agents in patient samples is of great medical interest but remains a major technical challenge. acute respiratory tract infections are responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality in humans and animals. a variety of viruses, bacteria and fungi are associated with respiratory tract illness. most of the respiratory viruses belong to the paramyxoviridae, orthomyxovir ... | 2007 | 17402839 |
| detection of viruses identified recently in children with acute wheezing. | the etiologic role of recently identified respiratory viruses for acute wheezing in children is not yet clear. the purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of recently identified viruses, including human metapneumovirus (hmpv), human bocavirus (hbov), human coronavirus nl63 (hcov-nl63), and human coronavirus hku1 (hcov-hku1) in children with acute wheezing. viral etiology was identified in 231 children hospitalized with acute wheezing, aged from 1 month to 5 years. viral antigens ... | 2007 | 17597481 |
| pan-viral screening of respiratory tract infections in adults with and without asthma reveals unexpected human coronavirus and human rhinovirus diversity. | between 50% and 80% of asthma exacerbations are associated with viral respiratory tract infections (rtis), yet the influence of viral pathogen diversity on asthma outcomes is poorly understood because of the limited scope and throughput of conventional viral detection methods. | 2007 | 17703411 |
| human coronaviruses: what do they cause? | sars-cov, human coronavirus nl63 (hcov-nl63) and hcov-hku1 were first described in 2003, 2004 and 2005 respectively. nevertheless, discovery of three new human coronaviruses does not necessary represent a sudden increase in emerging infections by new coronaviruses. only sars-cov has recently been introduced to the human population; the other two have been circulating in humans for a long time. hcov-hku1 and hcov-nl63 are respiratory coronaviruses, are frequently found during lower and upper resp ... | 2007 | 17944272 |
| molecular epidemiology and disease severity of respiratory syncytial virus in relation to other potential pathogens in children hospitalized with acute respiratory infection in jordan. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is the major viral cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections in children. few data about the molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus in developing countries, such as jordan, are available. the frequency and severity of infections caused by hrsv were assessed in hospitalized jordanian children <5 years of age compared with other potential etiological agents. overall a potential pathogen was detected in 78% (254/326) of the children. h ... | 2008 | 18041044 |
| two-year prospective study of single infections and co-infections by respiratory syncytial virus and viruses identified recently in infants with acute respiratory disease. | a prospective 2-year analysis including 322 infant patients with acute respiratory disease (ard) hospitalized in a pediatric department in northern italy was carried out to evaluate the role as respiratory pathogens or co-pathogens of recently identified viruses. the presence of respiratory syncitial virus (rsv), human metapneumoviruses (hmpvs), human bocaviruses (hbovs), and human coronaviruses (hcovs) was assayed by molecular detection and clinical symptoms evaluated. nasopharyngeal aspirates ... | 2008 | 18297694 |
| structure of the main protease from a global infectious human coronavirus, hcov-hku1. | the newly emergent human coronavirus hku1 (hcov-hku1) was first identified in hong kong in 2005. infection by hcov-hku1 occurs worldwide and causes syndromes such as the common cold, bronchitis, and pneumonia. the cov main protease (m(pro)), which is a key enzyme in viral replication via the proteolytic processing of the replicase polyproteins, has been recognized as an attractive target for rational drug design. in this study, we report the structure of hcov-hku1 m(pro) in complex with a michae ... | 2008 | 18562531 |
| phylogenetic analysis of human coronavirus nl63 circulating in italy. | five known human coronaviruses infect the human respiratory tract: hcov-oc43, hcov-229e, sars-cov, hcov-nl63 and hcov-hku1. | 2008 | 18602337 |
| [development and comparison of real-time and conventional rt-pcr assay for detection of human coronavirus nl63 and hku1]. | we designed specific primers and fluorescence-labeled probes to develop real-time and conventional rt-pcr assays for detection of human coronavirus nl63 or hku1. subsequently, experiments were undertaken to assess diagnostic criteria such as specificity, sensitivity and reproducibility. the detection limit of the real-time rt-pcr assays was 10 rna copies per reaction mixture. no cross-reactivity was observed between rna samples derived from designed hcov and other hcov or human metapneumovirus. ... | 2008 | 18780635 |
| spike protein, s, of human coronavirus hku1: role in viral life cycle and application in antibody detection. | we recently described the discovery, genome, clinical features, genotypes and evolution of a novel and global human respiratory virus named human coronavirus hku1 (hcov-hku1) which is not yet culturable. we expressed a c-terminal flag-tagged cov-hku1 spike (s) protein by the semliki forest virus (sfv) system and investigated its maturation profile. pulse chase labeling revealed that s-flag was expressed as high-mannose n-glycans of monomers and trimers. it was predominantly cleaved into subdomai ... | 2008 | 18849544 |
| identification of major histocompatibility complex class i c molecule as an attachment factor that facilitates coronavirus hku1 spike-mediated infection. | human coronavirus hku1 (hcov-hku1) is a recently discovered human coronavirus associated with respiratory tract infections worldwide. in this study, we have identified the major histocompatibility complex class i c molecule (hla-c) as an attachment factor in facilitating hcov-hku1 spike (s)-mediated infection. hcov-hku1 s pseudotyped virus was assembled using a human immunodeficiency virus type 1-derived reporter virus harboring the human codon-optimized spike of hcov-hku1. we identified human a ... | 2009 | 18987136 |
| healthcare-associated atypical pneumonia. | atypical pneumonia was first described in 1938, and over time, mycoplasma, legionella, and chlamydophila were the agents commonly linked with community-associated atypical pneumonia. however, as technology has improved, so has our understanding of this clinical entity. it is now known that there are many agents linked with atypical pneumonia in the community, and many of these agents are also major causes of healthcare-associated pneumonia. this article discusses the history, epidemiology, and p ... | 2009 | 19199189 |
| human coronavirus and acute respiratory illness in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | the clinical features and incidence of human coronavirus (hcov) infections in chronically ill older adults need better definition. | 2009 | 19239338 |
| examination of seroprevalence of coronavirus hku1 infection with s protein-based elisa and neutralization assay against viral spike pseudotyped virus. | human coronavirus hku1 (hcov-hku1) is a recently identified coronavirus with a global distribution and known to cause mainly respiratory infections. | 2009 | 19342289 |
| novel respiratory virus infections in children, brazil. | recently discovered respiratory viruses were detected in 19 (9.2%) of 205 nasal swab specimens from children in brazil with respiratory illnesses. five each were positive for human metapneumovirus (hmpv) alone and human bocavirus (hbov) alone, 3 for human coronaviruses (hcov-hku1 or -nl63) alone, and 6 for more than 1 recently discovered virus. | 2009 | 19402976 |
| expression, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic study of human coronavirus hku1 nonstructural protein 9. | human coronavirus hku1 (hcov-hku1) belongs to coronavirus group ii and encodes 16 nonstructural proteins (nsps) which mediate genome replication and transcription. among these nsps, nsp9 has been shown to possess single-stranded dna/rna-binding properties. the gene that encodes hcov-hku1 nsp9 was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli and the protein was subjected to crystallization trials. the crystals diffracted to 2.7 a resolution and belonged to space group p2(1)2(1)2, with unit-cell param ... | 2009 | 19407394 |
| coronavirus diversity, phylogeny and interspecies jumping. | the sars epidemic has boosted interest in research on coronavirus biodiversity and genomics. before 2003, there were only 10 coronaviruses with complete genomes available. after the sars epidemic, up to december 2008, there was an addition of 16 coronaviruses with complete genomes sequenced. these include two human coronaviruses (human coronavirus nl63 and human coronavirus hku1), 10 other mammalian coronaviruses [bat sars coronavirus, bat coronavirus (bat-cov) hku2, bat-cov hku4, bat-cov hku5, ... | 2009 | 19546349 |
| epidemiology and clinical presentations of human coronavirus nl63 infections in hong kong children. | human coronavirus nl63 (hcov-nl63) has been found in children presenting with respiratory tract infections (rtis). however, the epidemiology and clinical course of this newly identified virus have not been fully elucidated. this study investigated the epidemiology, seasonality, and clinical features of hcov-nl63 in hong kong children. this study consisted of two cohorts of children hospitalized in a university-affiliated teaching hospital. in the 12-month retrospective part of the study, reverse ... | 2009 | 19759228 |
| hematopoietic cell transplantation and emerging viral infections. | viral infections remain important causes of morbidity and mortality in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients. more recent developments in preparative regimens and graft manipulations, as well as the control of well-recognized post-transplant infections by the introduction of prophylaxis and preemptive strategies, have influenced the timing and the epidemiology of infections. as new pathogens, such as human metapneumovirus (hmpv), human bocavirus, human coronaviruses hcov-nl63 and hcov-hku1, h ... | 2010 | 20087928 |
| effects of coronavirus infections in children. | the isolation of the coronavirus (cov) identified as the cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome and the detection of 2 new human covs (hcov-nl63 and hcov-hku1) have led to studies of the epidemiology and clinical and socioeconomic effects of infections caused by all hcovs, including those known since the late 1960s (hcov-229e and hcov-oc43). hcov infections can be associated with respiratory and extrarespiratory manifestations, including central nervous system involvement. furthermore, unlik ... | 2010 | 20113545 |
| a novel construction of genome space with biological geometry. | a genome space is a moduli space of genomes. in this space, each point corresponds to a genome. the natural distance between two points in the genome space reflects the biological distance between these two genomes. currently, there is no method to represent genomes by a point in a space without losing biological information. here, we propose a new graphical representation for dna sequences. the breakthrough of the subject is that we can construct the moment vectors from dna sequences using this ... | 2010 | 20360268 |
| detection of novel respiratory viruses from influenza-like illness in the philippines. | several novel viruses have been recently identified in respiratory samples. however, the epidemiology of these viruses in tropical countries remains unclear. the aim of the present study was to provide an overview of the epidemiology of novel respiratory viruses, including human metapneumovirus, human bocavirus, new subtypes of human coronavirus (nl63 and hku1), ki virus, wu virus, and melaka virus in the philippines, a tropical country. nasopharyngeal aspirates from 465 patients with influenza- ... | 2010 | 20419824 |
| epidemiology and clinical presentations of the four human coronaviruses 229e, hku1, nl63, and oc43 detected over 3 years using a novel multiplex real-time pcr method. | four human coronaviruses (hcov-229e, hcov-hku1, hcov-nl63, and hcov-oc43) are associated with a range of respiratory outcomes, including bronchiolitis and pneumonia. their epidemiologies and clinical characteristics are poorly described and are often reliant on case reports. to address these problems, we conducted a large-scale comprehensive screening for all four coronaviruses by analysis of 11,661 diagnostic respiratory samples collected in edinburgh, united kingdom, over 3 years between july ... | 2010 | 20554810 |
| prevalence and clinical characteristics of human cov-hku1 in children with acute respiratory tract infections in china. | human cov-hku1 (hcov-hku1) has been isolated from a 71-year-old man with pneumonia; however, the impact and role of emerging hcov-hku1 have not been defined in children with acute respiratory tract infection (arti). | 2010 | 20702134 |
| culturing the unculturable: human coronavirus hku1 infects, replicates, and produces progeny virions in human ciliated airway epithelial cell cultures. | culturing newly identified human lung pathogens from clinical sample isolates can represent a daunting task, with problems ranging from low levels of pathogens to the presence of growth suppressive factors in the specimens, compounded by the lack of a suitable tissue culture system. however, it is critical to develop suitable in vitro platforms to isolate and characterize the replication kinetics and pathogenesis of recently identified human pathogens. hcov-hku1, a human coronavirus identified i ... | 2010 | 20719951 |
| coronavirus causes lower respiratory tract infections less frequently than rsv in hospitalized norwegian children. | we have described occurrence and clinical manifestations of human coronaviruses (hcov) in hospitalized norwegian children with respiratory tract infection (rti) and compared them with a group of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-infected children. methods and population: we used in-house taqman multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction to test nasopharyngeal samples from 536 rti episodes in 452 children who were admitted during the 2006-2007 winter. twenty-one viruses, including hcov-oc43, h ... | 2011 | 21057374 |
| [molecular epidemiological and clinical features of coronavirus hku1 in children with acute respiratory tract infection in lanzhou]. | human coronavirus (cov)-hku1 (hcov-hku1) was first isolated by woo et al in hong kong. several successive reports confirmed retrospectively that this new human coronavirus was circulating in different countries worldwide. however, the impact and the role of the emerging hcov-hku1 were not defined in children with arti. the objective of this study was to investigate the molecular epidemiology and clinical characteristics of hcov-hku1 infection in children with arti in lanzhou, china. | 2010 | 21176481 |
| prevalence of human coronaviruses in adults with acute respiratory tract infections in beijing, china. | human coronaviruses (hcovs) are a common etiological agent of acute respiratory tract infections. hcov infections, especially those caused by the two hcovs identified most recently, nl63 and hku-1, have not been characterized fully. to evaluate the prevalence and clinical presentations of hku1 and nl63 in adults with acute respiratory tract infections, an investigation of hcov infections in beijing, china from 2005 to 2009 was performed by using reverse transcriptase pcr assays and sequencing an ... | 2011 | 21181925 |
| [development of serological detection assays for human coronavirus hku1 infection and its application]. | to express the nuclear capsid protein (n protein) and the spike protein (s protein) of hcov-hku1, and to develop the corresponding serum assay for antibody detection. | 2010 | 21280330 |
| human coronavirus nl63: a clinically important virus? | respiratory tract infection is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially among young children. human coronaviruses (hcovs) have only recently been shown to cause both lower and upper respiratory tract infections. to date, five coronaviruses (hcov-229e, hcov-oc43, sars-cov, hcov-nl63 and hcov hku-1) that infect humans have been identified, four of which (hcov-229e, hcov-oc43, hcov-nl63 and hcov-hku-1) circulate continuously in the human population. human coronavirus nl63 (h ... | 2011 | 21366416 |
| use of a novel virus detection assay to identify coronavirus hku1 in the lungs of a hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient with fatal pneumonia. | c. uhlenhaut, j.i. cohen, s. pavletic, g. illei, j.c. gea-banacloche, m. abu-asab, t. krogmann, l. gubareva, s. mcclenahan, p.r. krause. use of a novel virus detection assay to identify coronavirus hku1 in the lungs of a hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient with fatal pneumonia. transpl infect dis 2011. all rights reserved abstract: a 38-year-old female patient with systemic lupus erythematosus presented with pulmonary infiltrates and hypoxemia for several months following immunodepletin ... | 2011 | 21749586 |
| more and more coronaviruses: human coronavirus hku1. | after human coronaviruses oc43, 229e and nl63, human coronavirus hku1 (hcov-hku1) is the fourth human coronavirus discovered. hcov-hku1 is a group 2a coronavirus that is still not cultivable. the g + c contents of hcov-hku1 genomes are 32%, the lowest among all known coronaviruses with complete genome sequences available. among all coronaviruses, hcov-hku1 shows the most extreme codon usage bias, attributed most importantly to severe cytosine deamination. all hcov-hku1 genomes contain unique tan ... | 2009 | 21994538 |
| coronavirus genomics and bioinformatics analysis. | the drastic increase in the number of coronaviruses discovered and coronavirus genomes being sequenced have given us an unprecedented opportunity to perform genomics and bioinformatics analysis on this family of viruses. coronaviruses possess the largest genomes (26.4 to 31.7 kb) among all known rna viruses, with g + c contents varying from 32% to 43%. variable numbers of small orfs are present between the various conserved genes (orf1ab, spike, envelope, membrane and nucleocapsid) and downstrea ... | 2010 | 21994708 |
| human coronaviruses hcov-nl63 and hcov-hku1 in hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections in beijing, china. | the human coronaviruses (hcovs) hcov-nl63 and hcov-hku1 are two recently discovered coronaviruses that circulate widely and are associated with acute respiratory infections (ari). we detected hcov-nl63 and hcov-hku1 in specimens collected from may 2008 to march 2010 from patients with ari aged <7.75 years of age attending the beijing children's hospital. thirty-two (8.4%) and 57 (14.9%) of 382 specimens tested positive for hcov-nl63 and hcov-hku1, respectively, by real-time rt-pcr. use of a lumi ... | 2011 | 22315599 |
| discovery of a novel coronavirus, china rattus coronavirus hku24, from norway rats supports the murine origin of betacoronavirus 1 and has implications for the ancestor of betacoronavirus lineage a. | we discovered a novel betacoronavirus lineage a coronavirus, china rattus coronavirus (chrcov) hku24, from norway rats in china. chrcov hku24 occupied a deep branch at the root of members of betacoronavirus 1, being distinct from murine coronavirus and human coronavirus hku1. its unique putative cleavage sites between nonstructural proteins 1 and 2 and in the spike (s) protein and low sequence identities to other lineage a betacoronaviruses (βcovs) in conserved replicase domains support chrcov h ... | 2015 | 25552712 |
| bacterial and viral etiology in hospitalized community acquired pneumonia with molecular methods and clinical evaluation. | polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method has improved the diagnosis rates for patients with community-acquired pneumonia (cap). we aimed to evaluate the bacterial and viral etiology of hospitalized cap cases and compare clinical and laboratory findings of patients with pure bacterial and bacterial and viral (mixed) infections. | 2014 | 24727518 |
| [monitoring of viral pathogens in pediatric intensive care unit and analysis of clinical significance]. | to study the characteristics of viral spectrum and clinical features of children in pediatric intensive care unit (picu). | 2013 | 24131585 |
| modulation of cell signalling by human coronavirus hku1 s and m proteins. | | 2016 | 27390006 |
| detection of 12 respiratory viruses by duplex real time pcr assays in respiratory samples. | different viruses can be responsible for similar clinical manifestations of respiratory infections. thus, the etiological diagnosis of respiratory viral diseases requires the detection of a large number of viruses. in this study, 6 duplex real-time pcr assays, using evagreen intercalating dye, were developed to detect 12 major viruses responsible for respiratory diseases: influenza a and b viruses, enteroviruses (including enterovirus spp, and rhinovirus spp), respiratory syncytial virus, human ... | 2015 | 26334289 |
| identification of the receptor-binding domain of the spike glycoprotein of human betacoronavirus hku1. | coronavirus spike (s) glycoproteins mediate receptor binding, membrane fusion, and virus entry and determine host range. murine betacoronavirus (β-cov) in group a uses the n-terminal domain (ntd) of s protein to bind to its receptor, whereas the β-covs severe acute respiratory syndrome cov in group b and middle east respiratory syndrome cov in group c and several α-covs use the downstream c domain in their s proteins to recognize their receptor proteins. to identify the receptor-binding domain i ... | 2015 | 26085157 |
| human coronavirus hku1 spike protein uses o-acetylated sialic acid as an attachment receptor determinant and employs hemagglutinin-esterase protein as a receptor-destroying enzyme. | human coronavirus (hcov) hku1 is one of six hcovs identified to date and the only one with an unidentified cellular receptor. hcov-hku1 encodes a hemagglutinin-esterase (he) protein that is unique to the group a betacoronaviruses (group 2a). the function of hku1-he remains largely undetermined. in this study, we examined binding of the s1 domain of hcov-hku1 spike to a panel of cells and found that the s1 could specifically bind on the cell surface of a human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line, rd. pret ... | 2015 | 25926653 |
| expression, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic study of the functional mutant (n60k) of nonstructural protein 9 from human coronavirus hku1. | human coronavirus hku1 (hcov-hku1), which mainly causes acute self-limited respiratory-tract infections, belongs to group a of the betacoronavirus genus. coronavirus genomes encode 16 nonstructural proteins (nsp1-16), which assemble into a large replication-transcription complex mediating virus propagation. nonstructural protein 9, which binds to the single-stranded dna/rna, has been shown to be indispensible for viral replication. interestingly, a functional mutant (n60k) of nsp9 was identified ... | 2014 | 25484211 |
| suppression of innate antiviral response by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus m protein is mediated through the first transmembrane domain. | coronaviruses have developed various measures to evade innate immunity. we have previously shown that severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) coronavirus m protein suppresses type i interferon (ifn) production by impeding the formation of functional traf3-containing complex. in this study, we demonstrate that the ifn-antagonizing activity is specific to sars coronavirus m protein and is mediated through its first transmembrane domain (tm1) located at the n terminus. m protein from human coronav ... | 2014 | 24509444 |
| comparative analysis of the activation of unfolded protein response by spike proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and human coronavirus hku1. | whereas severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) coronavirus (sars-cov) is associated with severe disease, human coronavirus hku1 (hcov-hku1) commonly circulates in the human populations causing generally milder illness. spike (s) protein of sars-cov activates the unfolded protein response (upr). it is not understood whether hcov-hku1 s protein has similar activity. in addition, the upr-activating domain in sars-cov s protein remains to be identified. | 2014 | 24410900 |
| human coronavirus hku1 infection of primary human type ii alveolar epithelial cells: cytopathic effects and innate immune response. | because they are the natural target for respiratory pathogens, primary human respiratory epithelial cells provide the ideal in vitro system for isolation and study of human respiratory viruses, which display a high degree of cell, tissue, and host specificity. human coronavirus hku1, first discovered in 2005, has a worldwide prevalence and is associated with both upper and lower respiratory tract disease in both children and adults. research on hcov-hku1 has been difficult because of its inabili ... | 2013 | 23894604 |
| prevalence and molecular epidemiology of human coronavirus hku1 in patients with acute respiratory illness. | in 2005, human coronavirus hku1 (hcov-hku1) was isolated and identified from a 71-year-old man with pneumonia in hong kong. to identify and classify genotypes of hcov-hku1 in korea, a sensitive, specific, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was developed and analyzed the sequences of hcov-hku1 isolated in korea. a total of 1,985 respiratory specimens taken from patients with acute respiratory illness were tested for hcov-hku1 from january 2007 to may 2008. the major ... | 2013 | 23161446 |
| detection of human coronavirus strain hku1 in a 2 years old girl with asthma exacerbation caused by acute pharyngitis. | respiratory viral infections can trigger asthma attack which may lead to sever morbidity. in this report, using molecular methods, we show the chronological association between human coronavirus--hku1 infection and asthma exacerbation in a two years and seven months old asthmatic girl who was not under treatment and was otherwise healthy. | 2012 | 22873773 |
| human coronavirus-hku1 infection among adults in cleveland, ohio. | human coronaviruses (cov) have been long recognized as a common cause of respiratory tract disease including severe respiratory tract illness. coronavirus-hku1 has been described predominantly among children less than 5 years of age in the united states with few studies characterizing the disease spectrum among adults. | 2017 | 28616442 |
| [molecular epidemiological study of human coronavirus oc43 in shanghai from 2009-2016]. | objective:to understand the epidemiological characteristics of human coronavirus (hcov), the patterns of emergence and circulation, and the genotype distribution of human coronavirus oc43 (hcov-oc43) from november, 2009 to april, 2016 in shanghai.methods:a total of 6 059 respiratory specimens, including pharyngeal swab, sputum, nasopharyngeal aspirates and alveolar lavage fluid, as well as relative clinical data were collected from patients with acute respiratory infections from seven sentinel h ... | 2018 | 29334709 |
| development and optimization of in-house elisa for detection of human igg antibody to sars-cov-2 full length spike protein. | the ongoing coronavirus disease 19 (covid-19) pandemic, caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2), poses a threat to human health. despite this, many affected countries are now in the process of gradual lifting of covid-19 restrictions that were initially implemented in response to the pandemic. the success of the so-called "exit strategy" requires continued surveillance of virus circulation in the community and evaluation of the prevalence of protective im ... | 2020 | 32998438 |
| high incidence of false-positive results of igg antibody against sars-cov-2 with rapid immunochromatographic antibody test due to human common cold coronavirus infection. | we experienced a 72-year-old man who developed laboratory-confirmed human coronavirus hku1 pneumonia. pcr testing for sars-cov-2 from a nasopharyngeal specimen was negative twice, and rapid immunochromatographic antibody test (riat) using a commercially available kit for igm and igg against sars-cov-2 showed him turning positive for igg against sars-cov-2. we then performed riat in stored serum samples from other patients who suffered laboratory-confirmed human common cold coronaviruses (n = 6) ... | 2020 | 32766111 |
| metagenomic sequencing to detect respiratory viruses in persons under investigation for covid-19. | broad testing for respiratory viruses among persons under investigation (puis) for sars-cov-2 has been performed inconsistently, limiting our understanding of alternative viral infections and co-infections in these patients. rna metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mngs) offers an agnostic tool for the detection of both sars-cov-2 and other rna respiratory viruses in puis. herein, we used rna mngs to assess the frequencies of alternative viral infections in sars-cov-2 rt-pcr negative puis (n= ... | 2020 | 33067271 |
| neurogenic pulmonary edema following febrile status epilepticus in a 22-month-old infant with multiple respiratory virus co-detection: a case report. | neurogenic pulmonary edema is a rare but serious complication of febrile status epilepticus in children. comprehensive screening for viral pathogens is seldomly performed in the work-up of febrile children. | 2020 | 32487032 |
| multicenter evaluation of the qiastat respiratory panel-a new rapid highly multiplexed pcr based assay for diagnosis of acute respiratory tract infections. | acute respiratory tract infections (arti), including the common cold, pharyngitis, sinusitis, otitis media, bronchiolitis and pneumonia are the most common diagnoses among patients seeking medical care in western countries, and account for most antibiotic prescriptions. while a confirmed and fast arti diagnosis is key for antibiotic prescribing, empiric antimicrobial treatment remains common, because viral symptoms are often clinically similar and difficult to distinguish from those caused by ba ... | 2020 | 32163484 |
| first complete genome sequence of human coronavirus hku1 from a nonill bat guano miner in thailand. | human coronavirus hku1 (hcov-hku1) was first detected in a patient with viral pneumonia from hong kong in 2004. here, we report the first complete genome sequence of hcov-hku1 from thailand, obtained from a nonill person who worked in a bat cave. phylogenetic tree analysis revealed it as a group b hcov-hku1. | 2019 | 30746519 |