| development and application of homologous radioimmunoassay for newt prolactin. | a specific and sensitive homologous radioimmunoassay (ria) for newt (cynops pyrrhogaster) prolactin (prl) was developed. prl isolated from newt pituitary glands was used for generating antiserum in a rabbit, for radioiodination, and for the standard. several dilutions of plasma and pituitary homogenate of newts yielded dose-response curves which were parallel to the standard curve. plasma from hypophysectomized newts showed the least amount of cross-reaction. pituitary homogenates of other speci ... | 1990 | 2354781 |
| comparative studies on the electric nature of amphibian gonadotropin. | the isoelectric focusing (ief) profiles of pituitary gonadotropic (gth) activity in six species of adult male amphibians were examined in addition to the newt and bullfrog. the gth activity was measured by two radioreceptor assay (rra) systems; one with xenopus laevis testicular homogenate as the receptor preparation, and the other with anolis carolinensis testicular homogenate, both employing 125i-labeled rat fsh as the radioligand, or by a radioimmunoassay (ria) system for bullfrog basic gth ( ... | 1985 | 3874809 |
| hypocalcemic potency of the ultimobranchial gland in some urodelan amphibians. | the hypocalcemic potencies of the ultimobranchial glands of two urodelans, onychodactylus japonicus and hynobius nigrescens, were studied; according to the rat bioassay, their calcitonin values (mrc) were 30 and 18 mu/kg body wt, respectively. various organs other than the ultimobranchial gland were also assayed in rats to see whether they had any hypocalcemic potency. however, the ultimobranchial gland was the only organ examined with detectable hypocalcemic potencies in these urodelans. the hy ... | 1983 | 6618158 |
| new species of kathlaniid (nematoda: cosmocercoidea) collected from hynobiid salamanders in japan. | falcaustra odaiensis n. sp. (nematoda: cosmocercoidea: kathlaniidae) is described from the japanese clawed salamander, onychodactylus japonicus (houttuyn, 1782), and ishizuchi salamander, hynobius hirosei lantz, 1931 (caudata: hynobiidae), in japan. this nematode is characterized by having multiple pseudosuckers in the male. it resembles falcaustra araxiana, falcaustra duyagi, falcaustra lambdiensis, falcaustra pillaii, falcaustra siamensis, and falcaustra washingtonensis, but is readily disting ... | 2009 | 18564884 |
| allozymic variation and phylogeography of two genetic types of onychodactylus japonicus (amphibia: caudata: hynobiidae) sympatric in the kinki district, japan. | on the basis of allozyme and mtdna sequence variation, we elucidated genetic relationships between two sympatric genetic types of onychodactylus japonicus in kinki and adjacent districts, and investigated their phylogeography. allozymic analysis revealed the presence of two distinct genetic types (the sw-honshu and kinki groups) in this area, and their sympatric occurrence in three of 10 sampling sites. fixed or nearly fixed allele differences in several loci strongly suggested reproductive isol ... | 2010 | 20377354 |
| comparative and phylogenetic perspectives of the cleavage process in tailed amphibians. | the order caudata includes about 660 species and displays a variety of important developmental traits such as cleavage pattern and egg size. however, the cleavage process of tailed amphibians has never been analyzed within a phylogenetic framework. we use published data on the embryos of 36 species concerning the character of the third cleavage furrow (latitudinal, longitudinal or variable) and the magnitude of synchronous cleavage period (up to 3-4 synchronous cell divisions in the animal hemis ... | 2015 | 25180466 |
| description of a new salamander of the genus onychodactylus from shikoku and western honshu, japan (amphibia, caudata, hynobiidae). | recent phylogenetic studies using mtdna and allozymes clarified the presence of multiple distinct genetic lineages in the japanese clawed salamander, onychodactylus japonicus, of which two from northern regions of the country have already been described as new species. based on morphological analyses of the remaining genetic lineages, we describe the lineage from shikoku island and chugoku mountains of western honshu, in western japan, as a new species, onychodactylus kinneburi sp. nov. it belon ... | 2013 | 26185860 |
| convergent evolutionary reduction of atrial septation in lungless salamanders. | nearly two thirds of the approximately 700 species of living salamanders are lungless. these species respire entirely through the skin and buccopharyngeal mucosa. lung loss dramatically impacts the configuration of the circulatory system but the effects of evolutionary lung loss on cardiac morphology have long been controversial. for example, there is presumably little need for an atrial septum in lungless salamanders due to the absence of pulmonary veins and the presence of a single source of m ... | 2017 | 27558020 |
| on the vascular architecture of the carotid labyrinth in cynops pyrrhogaster and onychoactylus japonicus. | the fine vascular arrangement of the carotid labyrinth in two species of urodeles, cynops pyrrhogaster and onychodactylus japonicus was investigated. india ink-gelatin injected preparations were examined under the dissecting microscope. resin casts of the blood vessels prepared using the method of murakami (1971) were observed in the scanning electron microscope. in both species, the common carotid artery terminated in the central chamber from which arose two retia mirabilia, i.e. an external ca ... | 1977 | 597008 |
| comparative anatomy and phylogeny of the cloacae of salamanders (amphibia: caudata). ii. cryptobranchidae, hynobiidae, and sirenidae. | cloacae were examined from salamanders representing the three families in which fertilization of eggs is known or inferred to occur externally. the cloacae of male and female sirenids are aglandular and lack cilia. sexual dimorphism in sirenid cloacae occurs only in the extent of epithelial stratification in the cloacal chamber in females (entire chamber) versus males (posterior angle of the vent). both male and female cryptobranchus alleganiensis possess ventral glands that secrete an acid muco ... | 1991 | 29865526 |
| evaluating the ontogenetic external morphology of an ectoparasitic torix tukubana (hirudinida: glossiphoniidae), with records of its new host amphibian species. | torix is a leech genus containing freshwater proboscidate species, and several members of this taxon are ectoparasites specific to amphibians. torix tukubana inhabits mountain streams in japan, and only two frog species are known to be hosts. we collected this leech from two other amphibians, onychodactylus japonicus (japanese clawed salamander) and rana ornativentris (montane brown frog), for the first time. this finding suggests that the host specificity of t. tukubana is low. the immature ind ... | 2019 | 30426225 |
| environmental dna method for estimating salamander distribution in headwater streams, and a comparison of water sampling methods. | environmental dna (edna) has recently been used for detecting the distribution of macroorganisms in various aquatic habitats. in this study, we applied an edna method to estimate the distribution of the japanese clawed salamander, onychodactylus japonicus, in headwater streams. additionally, we compared the detection of edna and hand-capturing methods used for determining the distribution of o. japonicus. for edna detection, we designed a qpcr primer/probe set for o. japonicus using the 12s rrna ... | 2017 | 28520733 |
| anatomy, function, and evolution of jaw and hyobranchial muscles in cryptobranchoid salamander larvae. | larval salamanders (lissamphibia: caudata) are known to be effective suction feeders in their aquatic environments, although they will eventually transform into terrestrial tongue feeding adults during metamorphosis. early tetrapods may have had a similar biphasic life cycle and this makes larval salamanders a particularly interesting model to study the anatomy, function, development, and evolution of the feeding apparatus in terrestrial vertebrates. here, we provide a description of the muscles ... | 2014 | 24136411 |
| genetic structure and cryptic diversity of onychodactylus japonicus (amphibia, caudata, hynobiidae) in northeastern honshu, japan, as revealed by allozymic analysis. | we conducted a comprehensive allozymic analysis of 393 specimens of the japanese clawed salamander, onychodactylus japonicus, from 33 populations of northeastern honshu, japan. as a result, these populations exhibited extensive geographic genetic differentiation, and four major genetic groups (n-tohoku, s-tohoku, tsukuba, and sw-honshu groups) were consistently recognized. of these, the tsukuba group was geographically isolated from all the others, whereas the n- and s-tohoku groups, and the s-t ... | 2012 | 22468832 |
| allozymic variation in the japanese clawed salamander, onychodactylus japonicus (amphibia: caudata: hynobiidae), with special reference to the presence of two sympatric genetic types. | we conducted an electrophoretic survey to examine geographic genetic variation in samples from 17 localities of the japanese clawed salamander, onychodactylus japonicus. this species was divided into six genetic groups (n-tohoku, s-tohoku, tsukuba, sw-honshu, kinki, and shikoku) that were largely concordant with clades or subclades recognized in our previous mtdna study. although the relationships among these six groups were not clarified, genetic distances between them were not small (mean nel' ... | 2010 | 20064006 |
| phylogenetic relationships and biogeography of the japanese clawed salamander, onychodactylus japonicus (amphibia: caudata: hynobiidae), and its congener inferred from the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. | using the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene, we investigated phylogenetic relationships between and within the japanese clawed salamander, onychodactylus japonicus, and its close continental relative o. fischeri. monophyly of o. japonicus was well supported, and o. japonicus was clearly distinguished from o. fischeri. however, o. fischeri comprises genetically distinct populations from russia, ne china, and korea that do not form a monophyletic group. within o. japonicus, four major clades were cl ... | 2008 | 18713651 |
| [the lingual gland of onychodactylus japonicus--the lingual crypt]. | | 1984 | 6599761 |
| morphological studies on the lingual gland of onychodactylus japonicus. ii. morphological observation of the 70th stage. | | 1984 | 6514263 |
| morphological studies on the lingual gland of onychodactylus japonicus. i. morphological observation of the 60th stage. | | 1984 | 6514262 |
| [an electron microscopy study of the tongue in onychodactylus japonicus. (its mode of living before the disappearance of gills)]. | | 1984 | 6587263 |
| [post-hatching surface structure of the larval tooth and tooth count in onychodactylus japonicus observed by scanning electron microscopy]. | | 1983 | 6585756 |