| chytridiomycosis in frogs from uruguay. | amphibian chytridiomycosis caused by batrachochytrium dendrobatidis is reported in uruguayan native amphibians for the first time. histological evidence of infection was observed in tadpoles of hypsiboas pulchellus, odontophrynus maisuma, physalaemus henselii, and scinax squalirostris. the effects of chytridiomycosis on these species are still unknown. however, the disease is of potential concern for the conservation of the apparently declining species p. henselii and also for o. maisuma, given ... | 2009 | 19476286 |
| dermocystid-chytrid coinfection in the neotropical frog hypsiboas pulchellus (anura: hylidae). | we present gross and histologic evidence of coinfection in amphibians by fungal-like parasites of the order dermocystidia (amphibiocystidium sp.) and the fungus batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. the condition was observed in frogs hypsiboas pulchellus (hylidae) from uruguay in 2009 to 2012. this report is the first of dermocystids in neotropical amphibians since 1940. | 2014 | 24171571 |
| antimicrobial peptides from skin secretions of hypsiboas pulchellus (anura: hylidae). | the skin of many amphibians produces a large repertoire of antimicrobial peptides that are crucial in the first line of defense against microbial invasion. despite the immense richness of wild amphibians in argentina, knowledge about peptides with antimicrobial properties is limited to a few species. here we used lc-ms-ms to analyze samples of hypsiboas pulchellus skin with the aim to identify antimicrobial peptides in the mass range of 1000 to 2000 da. twenty-three novel sequences were identifi ... | 2014 | 24717080 |
| odorous secretions in anurans: morphological and functional assessment of serous glands as a source of volatile compounds in the skin of the treefrog hypsiboas pulchellus (amphibia: anura: hylidae). | serous (granular or venom) glands occur in the skin of almost all species of adult amphibians, and are thought to be the source of a great diversity of chemical compounds. despite recent advances in their chemistry, odorous volatile substances are compounds that have received less attention, and until now no study has attempted to associate histological data with the presence of these molecules in amphibians, or in any other vertebrate. given the recent identification of 40 different volatile co ... | 2016 | 26555696 |
| ichthyophonus sp. (ichthyophonae, ichthyophonida) infection in a south american amphibian, the hylid frog hypsiboas pulchellus. | we report infection by ichthyophonus sp. in a south american amphibian, the hylid frog hypsiboas pulchellus in uruguay. this frog had a large subcutaneous mass over the urostyle and dorsal musculature comprised of parasitic cysts with mild granulomatous inflammation but otherwise appeared healthy. | 2015 | 25588011 |
| conserved karyotypes in the hyla pulchella species group (anura, hylidae). | cytogenetic analyses were done on specimens of hyla marginata and on three populations of h. semiguttata differing in morphology and in the physical parameters of their advertisement call, as well as in individuals of hyla sp. (aff. semiguttata). all specimens had 2n=24 chromosomes with a morphology very similar to that of other 24-chromosome hyla species. hyla semiguttata and h. marginata showed the same c-banding pattern but were distinguished by the location of the nor on pair 1 in h. semigut ... | 2004 | 15032946 |
| the identity of hyla leucotaenia burmeister, 1861 (anura: hylidae). | the german naturalist carl hermann conrad burmeister (1807-1892) had a prolific scientific career, spanning multiple taxa from diverse insect groups and trilobites to temnospondyls, birds, and extant and fossil mammals (see berg, 1895). his contributions to anuran taxonomy are concentrated in two books, "erläuterungen zur fauna brasiliensis…" (burmeister, 1856) and "reise durch die la plata-staaten…" (burmeister, 1861). the latter is an account of his travels in argentina and uruguay from 1857-1 ... | 2014 | 25543776 |
| reduced body condition and enzymatic alterations in frogs inhabiting intensive crop production areas. | parameters indicative of general condition and health were compared amongst adult frogs inhabiting uncultivated lands and fields subjected to agricultural practices typical of the humid pampas of argentina. whereas no significant differences existed in the parasite load and external malformations prevalence rate of adult frogs from either environments, a reduced condition factor was clearly demonstrated in frogs from agricultural lands. this conclusion was reached for four frog species of differ ... | 2011 | 21550114 |
| quantitative comparative analysis of the nasal chemosensory organs of anurans during larval development and metamorphosis highlights the relative importance of chemosensory subsystems in the group. | the anuran peripheral olfactory system is composed of a number of subsystems, represented by distinct neuroepithelia. these include the main olfactory epithelium and vomeronasal organ (found in most tetrapods) and three specialized epithelia of anurans: the buccal-exposed olfactory epithelium of larvae, and the olfactory recess and middle chamber epithelium of postmetamorphic animals. to better characterize the developmental changes in these subsystems across the life cycle, morphometric changes ... | 2017 | 28503895 |
| [feeding of two amphibian species (anura: hylidae) during the low temperatures season and its relationship with energy storage in santa fe, argentina]. | feeding of two amphibian species (anura: hylidae) during the low temperatures season and its relationship with energy storage in santa fe, argentina. in environments with thermal and pluvial seasonality such as those of the middle paraná river floodplain (province of santa fe, argentina), most amphibian species reproduce during the warm season and drastically diminish their activity during winter. even though, a few species remain active during the cold season, such as hypsiboas pulchellus that ... | 2013 | 23885597 |
| a molecular perspective on the phylogeny of the hyla pulchella species group (anura, hylidae). | a molecular phylogenetic analysis of the hyla pulchella species group was performed to test its monophyly, explore the interrelationships of its species, and evaluate the validity of the taxa that were considered subspecies of h. pulchella. approximately 2.8 kb from the mitochondrial genes 12s, trna valine, 16s, and cytochrome b were sequenced. the analysis included 50 terminals representing 10 of the 14-15 species currently recognized in the h. pulchella group, including samples from several lo ... | 2004 | 15288068 |
| evaluation of imazethapyr-induced dna oxidative damage by alkaline endo iii- and fpg-modified single-cell gel electrophoresis assay in hypsiboas pulchellus tadpoles (anura, hylidae). | imazethapyr (imzt) is a selective postemergent herbicide with residual action. available data analyzing its effects in aquatic vertebrates are scarce. in previous studies, we demonstrated that imzt induces lesions into the dna of hypsiboas pulchellus tadpoles using the single-cell gel electrophoresis (scge) assay as a biomarker for genotoxicity. currently, this assay can be modified by including incubation with lesion-specific endonucleases, e.g., endonuclease iii (endo iii) and formamidopyrimid ... | 2017 | 28475923 |
| the genotoxic effects of the imidacloprid-based insecticide formulation glacoxan imida on montevideo tree frog hypsiboas pulchellus tadpoles (anura, hylidae). | the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid (imi) affects the insect central nervous system and is successfully applied to control pests for a variety of agricultural crops. in the current study, acute toxicity and genotoxicity of the imi-containing commercial formulation insecticide glacoxan imida (35 percent imi) was evaluated on hypsiboas pulchellus (anura: hylidae) tadpoles exposed under laboratory conditions. a lethal effect was evaluated as the end point for lethality, whereas micronucleus ... | 2014 | 24675439 |
| abnormalities in amphibian populations inhabiting agroecosystems in northeastern buenos aires province, argentina. | the occurrence of abnormalities in amphibians has been reported in many populations, and its increase could be related to environmental pollution and habitat degradation. we evaluated the type and prevalence of abnormalities in 5 amphibian populations from agroecosystems with different degrees of agricultural disturbance (cultivated and reference areas). we detected 9 types of abnormalities, of which the most frequent were those occurring in limbs. the observed prevalence of abnormality in asses ... | 2013 | 23709469 |
| combined effects of physiological condition and environmental attributes in determining call plasticity. | evidence is growing on the ability of anurans to make immediate call adjustments in response to the propagation properties of the environment. however, our understanding of such flexibility is typically based on dichotomous stimuli (i.e. presence/absence), while its condition-dependence has been little explored. we experimentally studied the ability of adjustment and its condition dependence of advertisement calls of hypsiboas pulchellus in response to different levels of attenuation. individual ... | 2018 | 29747043 |
| intraspecific scaling in frog calls: the interplay of temperature, body size and metabolic condition. | understanding physiological and environmental determinants of strategies of reproductive allocation is a pivotal aim in biology. because of their high metabolic cost, properties of sexual acoustic signals may correlate with body size, temperature, and an individual's energetic state. a quantitative theory of acoustic communication, based on the metabolic scaling with temperature and mass, was recently proposed, adding to the well-reported empirical patterns. it provides quantitative predictions ... | 2016 | 26552381 |
| molecular and sensory mechanisms to mitigate sunlight-induced dna damage in treefrog tadpoles. | the increased incidence of solar ultraviolet b (uvb) radiation has been proposed as an environmental stressor, which may help to explain the enigmatic decline of amphibian populations worldwide. despite growing knowledge regarding the uv-induced biological effects in several amphibian models, little is known about the efficacy of dna repair pathways. in addition, little attention has been given to the interplay between these molecular mechanisms with other physiological strategies that avoid the ... | 2015 | 26447197 |
| toxic and genotoxic effects of the imazethapyr-based herbicide formulation pivot h® on montevideo tree frog hypsiboas pulchellus tadpoles (anura, hylidae). | acute lethal and sublethal toxicity of the imidazolinone imazethapyr (imzt)-based commercial formulation herbicide pivot h® (10.59% imzt) was evaluated on hypsiboas pulchellus tadpoles. whereas mortality was used as the end point for lethality, frequency of micronuclei (mns) and other nuclear abnormalities as well as dna single-strand breaks evaluated by the single cell gel electrophoresis assay were employed to test genotoxicity. behavioral, growth, developmental, and morphological abnormalitie ... | 2015 | 25966333 |
| identification of influential events concerning the antarctic ozone hole over southern brazil and the biological effects induced by uvb and uva radiation in an endemic treefrog species. | the increased incidence of solar ultraviolet radiation (uv) due to ozone depletion has been affecting both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and it may help to explain the enigmatic decline of amphibian populations in specific localities. in this work, influential events concerning the antarctic ozone hole were identified in a dataset containing 35 years of ozone measurements over southern brazil. the effects of environmental doses of uvb and uva radiation were addressed on the morphology and d ... | 2015 | 25957080 |
| frog volatile compounds: application of in vivo spme for the characterization of the odorous secretions from two species of hypsiboas treefrogs. | a novel in vivo design was used in combination with solid-phase microextraction (spme) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (gc/ms) to characterize the volatile compounds from the skin secretion of two species of tree frogs. conventional spme-gc/ms also was used for the analysis of volatiles present in skin samples and for the analysis of volatiles present in the diet and terraria. in total, 40 and 37 compounds were identified in the secretion of hypsiboas pulchellus and h. riojanus, respect ... | 2015 | 25912225 |
| cholinesterase activities and behavioral changes in hypsiboas pulchellus (anura: hylidae) tadpoles exposed to glufosinate ammonium herbicide. | in this study, amphibian tadpoles of hypsiboas pulchellus were exposed to herbicide liberty®, which contains glufosinate ammonium (gla), for 48 h to the following concentrations: 0 (control), 3.55, 4.74, 6.32, 8.43, 11.25, 15, 20, 26.6, and 35.5 mg gla l(-1). acetylcholinesterase (ache) and butyrylcholinesterase (bche) activities, as well as swimming capabilities (swimming speed and mean distance) were measured in tadpoles whose concentrations displayed survival rates > 85 %. our results reveal ... | 2013 | 23868463 |
| linking amphibian call structure to the environment: the interplay between phenotypic flexibility and individual attributes. | the structure of the environment surrounding signal emission produces different patterns of degradation and attenuation. the expected adjustment of calls to ensure signal transmission in an environment was formalized in the acoustic adaptation hypothesis. within this framework, most studies considered anuran calls as fixed attributes determined by local adaptations. however, variability in vocalizations as a product of phenotypic expression has also been reported. empirical evidence supporting t ... | 2011 | 22479134 |
| predator-prey interactions between synbranchus marmoratus (teleostei: synbranchidae) and hypsiboas pulchellus tadpoles (amphibia: hylidae): importance of lateral line in nocturnal predation and effects of fenitrothion exposure. | environmental contaminants can disrupt interactions between aquatic species by altering community structure. we explored predator-prey interactions between marbled swamp juvenile eels (synbranchus marmoratus; predator) and anuran tadpoles (hypsiboas pulchellus; prey) in relation to two aspects: the importance of lateral line in the predator and whether the absence of light modifies predation rates; and the effect of a sub-lethal concentration of fenitrothion on both predator and prey. eels were ... | 2010 | 20937517 |
| lethal and sublethal effects of cypermethrin to hypsiboas pulchellus tadpoles. | the study of the effects of the insecticide cypermethrin (cy) technical grade and its sherpa® commercial formulation on hypsiboas pulchellus tadpoles assessing lethality, behavior, growth, and abnormalities under standardized laboratory conditions is reported. observed behaviors were identified and categorized by means of a ranking system according to the loss of mobility. results of acute lethal effects indicate higher potency for sherpa® at this level of assessment. all effects on behavior sho ... | 2010 | 20821049 |
| acute and chronic effects of cr(vi) on hypsiboas pulchellus embryos and tadpoles. | in the last few years there has been great concern about declines in the abundance of several species of amphibians around the world. among amphibians, anurans have a biphasic life cycle, with aquatic tadpoles and generally terrestrial adults, and they have an extremely permeable skin, making them excellent indicators of the health of the environment. a number of different causes have been suggested for the global decline of anurans, the pollution of their habitat by chemical stressors being con ... | 2006 | 17190204 |
| micronucleus induction in erythrocytes of the hyla pulchella tadpoles (amphibia: hylidae) exposed to insecticide endosulfan. | endosulfan is a synthetic chlorinated and environmental genotoxic pesticide used worldwide for crop production. we used the micronucleus test in erythrocytes of hyla pulchella tadpoles in order to develop an experimental model for detecting genotoxic effects of the synthetic chlorinated cyclodiene endosulfan. the frequency of micronuclei was examined in blood smears obtained from tadpoles exposed in vivo to three different concentrations 2.5, 5, and 10 microg/l of the compound and fixed at two s ... | 2005 | 16150634 |
| [unusual xiphidiocercaria from ampullaria canaliculata with reference to travtrema stenocotyle]. | in overflowed areas from the lujan-river near zelaya, province of buenos aires, argentina, a xiphidiocercaria with stenostome excretory system and 2 [(4 + 4 + 4) + (4 + 4 + 4 +)] = 48 flame cells was found in ampullaria canaliculata. the cercaria encyst experimentally in the skin and internal organs of tadpoles. natural infections were found in hyla pulchella. the metacercaria, excepting the excretory system, is similar to travtrema stenocotyle cohn, 1902 from snakes.--in leimadophis poecilogyru ... | 1979 | 453636 |