| habitat-specific population growth of a farmland bird. | to assess population persistence of species living in heterogeneous landscapes, the effects of habitat on reproduction and survival have to be investigated. | 2008 | 18714351 |
| Impact of climate change on risk of incursion of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in livestock in Europe through migratory birds. | Aims: To predict the risk of incursion of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) in livestock in Europe introduced through immature Hyalomma marginatum ticks on migratory birds under current conditions and in the decade 2075-2084 under a climate-change scenario. Methods and Results: A spatial risk map of Europe comprising 14 282 grid cells (25 × 25 km) was constructed using three data sources: (i) ranges and abundances of four species of bird which migrate from sub-Saharan Africa to Eu ... | 2011 | 22118269 |
| importation of hyalomma marginatum, vector of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus, into the united kingdom by migratory birds. | hyalomma marginatum ticks are an important vector of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus which can result in a severe and potentially fatal disease in humans. given the continued emergence of clinical cases in eurasia and focalised upsurges of h. marginatum populations in europe, it seemed prudent to assess the potential of this vector species to be introduced into the united kingdom. immature forms of h. marginatum are frequent ectoparasites of passerine birds many of which migrate from afri ... | 2012 | 22300969 |
| surviving at high elevations: an inter- and intra-specific analysis in a mountain bird community. | elevation represents an important selection agent on self-maintenance traits and correlated life histories in birds, but no study has analysed whether life-history variation along this environmental cline is consistent among and within species. in a sympatric community of passerines, we analysed how the average adult survival of 25 open-habitat species varied with their elevational distribution and how adult survival varied with elevation at the intra-specific level. for such purpose, we estimat ... | 2017 | 28321514 |
| localisation of the putative magnetoreceptive protein cryptochrome 1b in the retinae of migratory birds and homing pigeons. | cryptochromes are ubiquitously expressed in various animal tissues including the retina. some cryptochromes are involved in regulating circadian activity. cryptochrome proteins have also been suggested to mediate the primary mechanism in light-dependent magnetic compass orientation in birds. cryptochrome 1b (cry1b) exhibits a unique carboxy terminus exclusively found in birds so far, which might be indicative for a specialised function. cryptochrome 1a (cry1a) is so far the only cryptochrome pro ... | 2016 | 26953791 |
| magnetic activation in the brain of the migratory northern wheatear (oenanthe oenanthe). | behavioural and neurobiological evidence suggests the involvement of the visual and trigeminal sensory systems in avian magnetoreception. the constantly growing array of new genetic approaches becoming available to scientists would bear great potential to contribute to a generally accepted understanding of the mechanisms underlying this ability, but would require to breed migratory birds in captivity. here we show that the transcontinental night-migratory northern wheatear (oenanthe oenanthe), w ... | 2017 | 28361169 |
| disentangling the effects of date, individual, and territory quality on the seasonal decline in fitness. | the seasonal timing of reproduction is a major fitness factor in many organisms. commonly, individual fitness declines with time in the breeding season. we investigated three suggested but rarely tested hypotheses for this seasonal fitness decline: (1) time per se (date hypothesis), (2) late breeders are of lower quality than early ones (individual quality hypothesis), and (3) late breeders are breeding at poorer territories than early breeders (territory quality hypothesis). we used bayesian va ... | 2017 | 28508394 |
| flexible reaction norms to environmental variables along the migration route and the significance of stopover duration for total speed of migration in a songbird migrant. | predicting the consequences of continuing anthropogenic changes in the environment for migratory behaviours such as phenology remains a major challenge. predictions remain particularly difficult, because our knowledge is based on studies from single-snapshot observations at specific stopover sites along birds' migration routes. however, a general understanding on how birds react to prevailing environmental conditions, e.g. their 'phenotypic reaction norm', throughout the annual cycle and along t ... | 2017 | 28344630 |
| corticosterone and timing of migratory departure in a songbird. | bird migration entails replenishing fuel stores at stopover sites. there, individuals make daily decisions whether to resume migration, and must also decide their time of departure. variation in departure timing affects the total time required to complete a migratory journey, which in turn affects fitness through arrival time at the breeding and wintering grounds. it is well established that stopover departure decisions are based on cues from innate rhythms, intrinsic factors and extrinsic facto ... | 2017 | 28077768 |
| morphometrics and stable isotopes differentiate wintering populations of a migratory bird. | describing migratory connectivity in mobile animals is crucial for understanding the selective pressures acting on different populations throughout their life cycle. tracking single individuals has provided valuable data, but for most species the data available are still spurious and usually limited to a few individuals. since different populations of migratory birds can be distinguished by a combination of morphometric measurements and the isotopic composition of their feathers, it is possible ... | 2016 | 27486515 |
| using stable-hydrogen isotopes to reveal immigration in an arctic-breeding songbird population. | knowledge of immigration and emigration rates is crucial for understanding of population dynamics, yet little is known about these vital rates, especially for arctic songbirds. we estimated immigration in an arctic population of northern wheatears on baffin island, canada, by the use of stable hydrogen isotopes in tail feathers (δ(2)hk). we assumed that δ(2)hk values of juvenile (hatch-year) feathers grown at the breeding grounds were representative of the local population, while those of breedi ... | 2016 | 27307991 |
| rainfall during parental care reduces reproductive and survival components of fitness in a passerine bird. | adverse weather conditions during parental care may have direct consequences for offspring production, but longer-term effects on juvenile and parental survival are less well known. we used long-term data on reproductive output, recruitment, and parental survival in northern wheatears (oenanthe oenanthe) to investigate the effects of rainfall during parental care on fledging success, recruitment success (juvenile survival), and parental survival, and how these effects related to nestling age, br ... | 2015 | 25691962 |
| the impact of increased food availability on reproduction in a long-distance migratory songbird: implications for environmental change? | many populations of migratory songbirds are declining or shifting in distribution. this is likely due to environmental changes that alter factors such as food availability that may have an impact on survival and/or breeding success. we tested the impact of experimentally supplemented food on the breeding success over three years of northern wheatears (oenanthe oenanthe), a species in decline over much of europe. the number of offspring fledged over the season was higher for food-supplemented bir ... | 2014 | 25333485 |
| corticosterone predicts nocturnal restlessness in a long-distance migrant. | the decision made by migrating birds to stop refueling and to depart from stopover depends on cues from innate rhythms, intrinsic factors such as fuel reserves, and extrinsic factors such as weather conditions. the physiological mechanism behind this decision, however, is largely unexplored. the transition from refueling to flight involves an increase in both locomotion and energetic demands. because, at baseline levels, corticosterone stimulates locomotion and is involved in the mobilization of ... | 2014 | 24956025 |
| corticosterone, food intake and refueling in a long-distance migrant. | elevated baseline corticosterone levels function to mobilize energy in predictable life-history stages, such as bird migration. at the same time, baseline corticosterone has a permissive effect on the accumulation of fat stores (fueling) needed for migratory flight. most migrants alternate flight bouts with stopovers, during which they replenish the fuel used during the preceding flight (refueling). the role of corticosterone in refueling is currently unclear. in a fasting-re-feeding experiment ... | 2014 | 24721337 |
| effect of geolocators on migration and subsequent breeding performance of a long-distance passerine migrant. | geolocators are small light-weight data loggers used to track individual migratory routes, and their use has increased exponentially in birds. however, the effects of geolocators on individual performance are still poorly known. we studied geolocator effects on a long-distance migrating passerine bird, the northern wheatear (oenanthe oenanthe l.). we asked the general question of whether geolocators affect migratory behaviour and subsequent reproductive performance of small passerines by compari ... | 2013 | 24324770 |
| size and accumulation of fuel reserves at stopover predict nocturnal restlessness in a migratory bird. | early arrival at the breeding site positively affects the breeding success of migratory birds. during migration, birds spend most of their time at stopovers. therefore, determining which factors shape stopover duration is essential to our understanding of avian migration. because the main purpose of stopover is to accumulate fat as fuel for the next flight bout, fuel reserves at arrival and the accumulation of fuel are both expected to affect stopover departure decisions. here, we determined whe ... | 2013 | 24132097 |
| decomposing the seasonal fitness decline. | seasonal fitness declines are common, but the relative contribution of different reproductive components to the seasonal change in the production of reproductive young, and the component-specific drivers of this change is generally poorly known. we used long-term data (17 years) on breeding time (i.e. date of first egg laid) in northern wheatears (oenanthe oenanthe) to investigate seasonal reproductive patterns and estimate the relative contributions of reproductive components to the overall dec ... | 2014 | 24013387 |
| stopover optimization in a long-distance migrant: the role of fuel load and nocturnal take-off time in alaskan northern wheatears (oenanthe oenanthe). | in long-distance migrants, a considerably higher proportion of time and energy is allocated to stopovers rather than to flights. stopover duration and departure decisions affect consequently subsequent flight stages and overall speed of migration. in arctic nocturnal songbird migrants the trade-off between a relatively long migration distance and short nights available for travelling may impose a significant time pressure on migrants. therefore, we hypothesize that alaskan northern wheatears (oe ... | 2013 | 23663358 |
| the impact of increased food availability on survival of a long-distance migratory bird. | temperature-, rainfall- and habitat-driven change in food availability is one likely mechanism by which anthropogenic factors may affect animal population dynamics and species distributions. long-distance migratory birds must synchronize their migrations with food availability at locations hundreds or thousands of kilometers apart, so changes in the overall abundance of food or the phenology of peaks in food availability may be critical factors influencing annual survival. in this study we used ... | 2013 | 23600256 |
| corticosterone and migratory fueling in northern wheatears facing different barrier crossings. | corticosterone, at baseline and moderately elevated levels, is thought to regulate energy mobilization during the predictable life-history cycle. in birds, corticosterone is known to be moderately elevated during migration, and some experiments on captive, but migratory active birds have shown that exogenous corticosterone can positively affect food intake and fat deposition, i.e. fueling. we present observations which indicate that in wild birds endogenous corticosterone does not promote refuel ... | 2013 | 23518480 |
| contrast in edge vegetation structure modifies the predation risk of natural ground nests in an agricultural landscape. | nest predation risk generally increases nearer forest-field edges in agricultural landscapes. however, few studies test whether differences in edge contrast (i.e. hard versus soft edges based on vegetation structure and height) affect edge-related predation patterns and if such patterns are related to changes in nest conspicuousness between incubation and nestling feeding. using data on 923 nesting attempts we analyse factors influencing nest predation risk at different edge types in an agricult ... | 2012 | 22363659 |
| cross-hemisphere migration of a 25 g songbird. | the northern wheatear (oenanthe oenanthe) is a small (approx. 25 g), insectivorous migrant with one of the largest ranges of any songbird in the world, breeding from the eastern canadian arctic across greenland, eurasia and into alaska (ak). however, there is no evidence that breeding populations in the new world have established overwintering sites in the western hemisphere. using light-level geolocators, we demonstrate that individuals from these new world regions overwinter in northern sub-sa ... | 2012 | 22337504 |
| innate sex differences in the timing of spring migration in a songbird. | in migrating animals protandry is the phenomenon whereby males of a species arrive at the breeding grounds earlier than females. in the present study we investigated the proximate causes of protandry in a migratory songbird, the northern wheatear oenanthe oenanthe. previous experiments with caged birds revealed that males and females show differentiated photoperiod-induced migratory habits. however, it remained open whether protandry would still occur without photoperiodic cues. in this study we ... | 2012 | 22312443 |
| body condition and wind support initiate the shift of migratory direction and timing of nocturnal departure in a songbird. | 1. an innate migration strategy guides birds through space and time. environmental variation further modulates individual behaviour within a genetically determined frame. in particular, ecological barriers could influence departure direction and its timing. a shift in the migratory direction in response to an ecological barrier could reveal how birds adjust their individual trajectories to environmental cues and body condition. 2. northern wheatears of the greenland/iceland subspecies oenanthe o ... | 2011 | 21615404 |
| prospectors combine social and environmental information to improve habitat selection and breeding success in the subsequent year. | 1. because habitats have profound effects on individual fitness, there is strong selection for improving the choice of breeding habitat. one possible mechanism is for individuals to use public information when prospecting future breeding sites; however, to our knowledge, no study has shown prospecting behaviour to be directly linked to subsequent choice of breeding site and future reproductive success. 2. we collected long-term data on territory-specific prospecting behaviour and subsequent bree ... | 2011 | 21569028 |
| morphological shifts of the external flight apparatus across the range of a passerine (northern wheatear) with diverging migratory behaviour. | we studied morphological differentiation in the flight apparatus of the four currently recognised sub-species of northern wheatears, oenanthe oenanthe. considering all measured birds without assigning them a priori to any sub-species we found a clinal morphological shift. relative wing length, wing pointedness, and the degree of tail forking were positively correlated with migratory distance, whereas tail length (relative to wing length) was negatively correlated. the large-sized, long-distance ... | 2011 | 21533160 |
| endogenous rhythms of seasonal migratory body mass changes and nocturnal restlessness in different populations of northern wheatear oenanthe oenanthe. | the northern wheatear (oenanthe oenanthe) is a migratory bird species that shows different strategies of migration between populations, adapted to cope with different ecological barriers. this raises the question whether and to which extent these adaptations are endogenously determined. we studied seasonal patterns of body mass change and nocturnal restlessness in wheatears from iceland, which face an initial sea crossing of at least 800 km; from norway, which fly a similar distance as icelandic ... | 2010 | 20679496 |
| habitat-specific differences in adult survival rates and its links to parental workload and on-nest predation. | 1. adult survival rates strongly affect population growth, but few studies have quantified if and why adult survival differs between breeding habitats. we investigated potential causes of habitat-specific adult survival rates for male and female northern wheatears (oenanthe oenanthe l.) breeding in swedish farmland. 2. we used multistate mark-recapture models based on 1263 breeding records between 1993 and 2007 to estimate survival rates based on habitat-type (short vs. tall ground vegetation) a ... | 2010 | 19674181 |
| isolation of ten tetranucleotide microsatellite loci in the northern wheatear (oenanthe oenanthe). | we isolated 10 polymorphic microsatellite dna loci from the northern wheatear (oenanthe oenanthe) and optimized these for future studies in population genetics and behavioural ecology. the loci were screened for polymorphism using 107 individuals from one population in germany. the primers amplified loci with high numbers of alleles ranging from two to 20 alleles per locus. | 2009 | 21564687 |
| post-breeding information gathering and breeding territory shifts in northern wheatears. | 1. prospecting non-breeding individuals have been shown to collect information on breeding sites a year ahead of breeding, but whether experienced breeders prospect future breeding sites is less well-known. using data on post-breeding movements and between-year site shifts from a long-term population study of the migratory northern wheatear (oenanthe oenanthe l.), we investigated (1) whether breeding territory selection of experienced breeders was a two-step process, made partly in the post-bree ... | 2008 | 18031525 |
| nonideal breeding habitat selection: a mismatch between preference and fitness. | the selection of breeding sites in heterogeneous habitats should ideally be based on cues closely reflecting habitat quality and thus predicting realized individual fitness. using long-term population data and data on territory establishment of male northern wheatears (oenanthe oenanthe), we examined whether territory characteristics linked to individual fitness (reproductive performance and survival) also were linked to territory preference. breeding territories varied in their physical charact ... | 2007 | 17503606 |
| experimental evidence of environmental effects on age-specific reproductive success: the importance of resource quality. | age-specific access to high-quality resources (e.g. territory or nest site) might be an important determinant for improved reproductive performance with increasing age. i experimentally investigated the effects of territory quality versus other age-related improvements in breeding competence (e.g. foraging skills, breeding experience and local knowledge) on age-specific reproductive success. territory quality (i.e. territory field layer height) was manipulated in year 2 of northern wheatears (oe ... | 2001 | 11674875 |
| the effect of experimental male removals on extrapair paternity in the wheatear, oenanthe oenanthe. | to examine the role of the pair male in ensuring paternity in the wheatear, we removed pair males for 24 h during the fertile period (days 0 to +1 in 1992 and days -5 to -1 in 1993, where day 0=first egg date). control males were removed during incubation. the frequency and duration of intrusions, and the frequency of extrapair copulations (epcs), increased during removals in the fertile period, but not during incubation. the frequency of extrapair paternity (epp) was marginally higher (25%) in ... | 1999 | 10053081 |
| male and female behaviour and extra-pair paternity in the wheatear | behavioural observations and dna fingerprinting were used to determine the relationship between male and female behaviours and levels of extra-pair paternity in the wheatear, oenanthe oenanthe. behavioural observations were consistent with the hypothesis that males attempted to ensure paternity by mate guarding, while pursuing extra-pair copulations (epcs) primarily outside the fertile period of their pair female. the intensity of guarding varied with time of season and was greater at late nests ... | 1998 | 9514681 |
| feasibility of sun and magnetic compass mechanisms in avian long-distance migration. | birds use different compass mechanisms based on celestial (stars, sun, skylight polarization pattern) and geomagnetic cues for orientation. yet, much remains to be understood how birds actually use these compass mechanisms on their long-distance migratory journeys. here, we assess in more detail the consequences of using different sun and magnetic compass mechanisms for the resulting bird migration routes during both autumn and spring migration. first, we calculated predicted flight routes to de ... | 2018 | 29992024 |
| stopover departure decisions in songbirds: do long-distance migrants depart earlier and more independently of weather conditions than medium-distance migrants? | songbirds following distinct migration strategies (e.g. long- vs. short- to medium-distance migrants) often differ in their speed of migration during autumn and, thus, are assumed to face different time constraints. during migration, most songbird species alternate migratory flights with stopover periods. many of them restrict these migratory flights to the night, i.e., they are nocturnal migrants. at stopover, nocturnal migrants need to select a specific night (night-to-night decision) and time ... | 2020 | 32047634 |
| temperature change is an important departure cue in nocturnal migrants: controlled experiments with wild-caught birds in a proof-of-concept study. | the decision-making process of migrating birds at stopover sites is a complex interplay of the innate migration program and both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. while it is well studied how variation in precipitation, wind and air pressure influence this process, there is less evidence of the effects of temperature changes on the departure decision. thus, we lack knowledge on how the predicted changes due to global climate change in temperature alone may affect the decision-making process durin ... | 2020 | 33023413 |
| de novo annotation of the transcriptome of the northern wheatear (oenanthe oenanthe). | we have sequenced a partial transcriptome of the northern wheatear (oenanthe oenanthe), a species with one of the longest migrations on earth. the transcriptome was constructed de novo using rna-seq sequence data from the pooled mrna of six different tissues: brain, muscle, intestine, liver, adipose tissue and skin. the samples came from nine captive-bred wheatears collected at three different stages of the endogenous autumn migratory period: (1) lean birds prior the onset of migration, (2) duri ... | 2018 | 30498627 |
| why we should care about movements: using spatially explicit integrated population models to assess habitat source-sink dynamics. | assessing the source-sink status of populations and habitats is of major importance for understanding population dynamics and for the management of natural populations. sources produce a net surplus of individuals (per capita contribution to the metapopulation > 1) and will be the main contributors for self-sustaining populations, whereas sinks produce a deficit (contribution < 1). however, making these types of assessments is generally hindered by the problem of separating mortality from perman ... | 2020 | 32981078 |
| can mitogenomes of the northern wheatear (oenanthe oenanthe) reconstruct its phylogeography and reveal the origin of migrant birds? | the northern wheatear (oenanthe oenanthe, including the nominate and the two subspecies o. o. leucorhoa and o. o. libanotica) and the seebohm's wheatear (oenanthe seebohmi) are today regarded as two distinct species. before, all four taxa were regarded as four subspecies of the northern wheatear. their classification has exclusively been based on ecological and morphological traits, while their molecular characterization is still missing. with this study, we used next-generation sequencing to as ... | 2020 | 32518318 |
| not just fuel: energy stores are correlated with immune function and oxidative damage in a long-distance migrant. | in many animals, catabolic and anabolic periods are temporally separated. migratory birds alternate energy expenditure during flight with energy accumulation during stopover. the size of the energy stores at stopover affects the decision to resume migration and thus the temporal organization of migration. we now provide data suggesting that it is not only the size of the energy stores per se that may influence migration scheduling, but also the physiological consequences of flying. in two subspe ... | 2020 | 32467701 |
| migrating birds rapidly increase constitutive immune function during stopover. | migratory flight is physiologically highly demanding and has been shown to negatively affect multiple parameters of constitutive immune function (cif), an animal's first line of physiological defence against infections. in between migratory flights, most birds make stopovers, periods during which they accumulate fuel for the next flight(s). stopovers are also commonly thought of as periods of rest and recovery, but what this encompasses is largely undefined. here, we show that during stopover, n ... | 2020 | 32257353 |
| transcriptome signatures in the brain of a migratory songbird. | most of the birds's adaptations for migration have a neuroendocrine origin, triggered by changes in photoperiod and the patterns of earth's magnetic field. migration phenomenology has been well described in the past decades, yet the genetic structure behind it remains terra incognita. we used rna-seq data to investigate which biological functions are linked with the seasonal brain adaptations of a long-distance trans-continental migratory passerine, the northern wheatear (oenanthe oenanthe). we ... | 2020 | 32222683 |
| diel variation in corticosterone and departure decision making in migrating birds. | animals usually show distinct periods of diel activity and non-activity. circulating baseline levels of glucocorticoid hormones (corticosterone and cortisol) often peak just before or at the transition from the non-active to the active period of the day. this upregulation of glucocorticoids may function to mobilize stored energy and prepare an animal for increased activity. usually, the alternation of active and non-active periods is highly predictable; however, there is one group of animals for ... | 2020 | 32217064 |
| factors influencing plasticity in the arrival-breeding interval in a migratory species reacting to climate change. | climate change is profoundly affecting the phenology of many species. in migratory birds, there is evidence for advances in their arrival time at the breeding ground and their timing of breeding, yet empirical studies examining the interdependence between arrival and breeding time are lacking. hence, evidence is scarce regarding how breeding time may be adjusted via the arrival-breeding interval to help local populations adapt to local conditions or climate change. we used long-term data from an ... | 2019 | 31832160 |
| quantifying the links between land use and population growth rate in a declining farmland bird. | land use is likely to be a key driver of population dynamics of species inhabiting anthropogenic landscapes, such as farmlands. understanding the relationships between land use and variation in population growth rates is therefore critical for the management of many farmland species. using 24 years of data of a declining farmland bird in an integrated population model, we examined how spatiotemporal variation in land use (defined as habitats with "short" and "tall" ground vegetation during the b ... | 2019 | 30766676 |
| an exception to the rule: captivity does not stress wild migrating northern wheatears. | wild animals typically suffer from stress when brought into captivity. this stress is characterized by elevated circulating glucocorticoid levels and weight loss. we here describe for the first time a case where a wild animal, the long-distance migrating northern wheatear, does not show signs of stress when caged. we captured these birds on a stopover site during their spring migration and caged them individually with ad libitum access to food and water. the birds were divided into four groups a ... | 2019 | 30753841 |
| hatching failure and accumulation of organic pollutants through the terrestrial food web of a declining songbird in western europe. | population growth in passerine birds is largely driven by fecundity. if fecundity is affected, for instance by hatching failure, populations may decline. we noted high hatching failure of up to 27% per year in relict populations of the northern wheatear (oenanthe oenanthe) in the netherlands, a strongly declining, migratory passerine in europe. this hatching failure itself can cause population decline, irrespective of other adverse factors. additionally, we investigated the cause of hatching fai ... | 2019 | 30308840 |
| nocturnal departure timing in songbirds facing distinct migratory challenges. | most migratory songbirds travel between their breeding areas and wintering grounds through a series of nocturnal flights. the timing of their departures defines the potential flight duration and thus the distance covered during a migratory night. yet, migratory songbirds show substantial variation in their nocturnal departure timing. with this study, we aim to assess whether the respective challenges of the migration route, namely its distance and nature, help to explain this variation. at a sto ... | 2018 | 29504627 |
| endocrine regulation of migratory departure from stopover: evidence from a longitudinal migratory restlessness study on northern wheatears. | most migrating birds make stopovers to replenish fuel stores. the decision to resume migration from stopover to a large extent shapes the temporal organization of migration. this decision is known to be shaped by a suite of intrinsic and extrinsic factors such as the bird's fuel stores and current weather conditions. however, how departures from stopover are physiologically regulated is largely unknown. we here present data that strongly indicate that corticosterone, a hormone with a stimulatory ... | 2018 | 29408015 |
| marked reduction in demographic rates and reduced fitness advantage for early breeding is not linked to reduced thermal matching of breeding time. | warmer springs may cause animals to become mistimed if advances of spring timing, including available resources and of timing of breeding occur at different speed. we used thermal sums (cumulative sum of degree days) during spring to describe the thermal progression (timing) of spring and investigate its relationship to breeding phenology and demography of a long-distant migrant bird, the northern wheatear (oenanthe oenanthe l.). we first compare 20-year trends in spring timing, breeding time, s ... | 2017 | 29299257 |
| endogenous control of fuelling in a migratory songbird. | the northern wheatear (oenanthe oenanthe) is a small long-distance migratory songbird that breeds throughout the northern hemisphere and winters in sub-saharan africa. the main components of its migratory behaviour, i.e. seasonal migratory restlessness and body mass changes, have been shown to be under endogenous control. however, it is still unknown whether the disposition to accumulate fuel reserves is an inherited trait. we cross-bred northern wheatears from two populations known to accumulat ... | 2017 | 29043495 |