| characterization of "candidatus piscichlamydia salmonis" (order chlamydiales), a chlamydia-like bacterium associated with epitheliocystis in farmed atlantic salmon (salmo salar). | to characterize intracellular gram-negative bacteria associated with epitheliocystis in farmed atlantic salmon (salmo salar), gills with proliferative lesions were collected for histopathology, conventional transmission and immunoelectron microscopy, in situ hybridization, and dna extraction during epitheliocystis outbreaks in ireland and norway in 1999 and 2000, respectively, and compared by ultrastructure and immunoreactivity to nonproliferative gills from ireland archived in 1995. genomic dna ... | 2004 | 15528727 |
| pathogenic potential of novel chlamydiae and diagnostic approaches to infections due to these obligate intracellular bacteria. | novel chlamydiae are newly recognized members of the phylum chlamydiales that are only distantly related to the classic chlamydiaceae, i.e., chlamydia and chlamydophila species. they also exhibit an obligate biphasic intracellular life cycle within eukaryote host cells. some of these new chlamydiae are currently considered potential emerging human and/or animal pathogens. parachlamydia acanthamoebae and simkania negevensis are both emerging respiratory human pathogens, waddlia chondrophila could ... | 2006 | 16614250 |
| characterization of 'candidatus clavochlamydia salmonicola': an intracellular bacterium infecting salmonid fish. | the phylum chlamydiae contains obligate intracellular bacteria, several of which cause disease in their hosts. morphological studies have suggested that this group of bacteria may be pathogens of fish, causing cysts in epithelial tissue - epitheliocystis. recently, the first genetic evidence of a chlamydial aetiology of this disease in seawater reared atlantic salmon from norway and ireland was presented, and the agent was given the name 'candidatus piscichlamydia salmonis'. in this article we p ... | 2008 | 17894816 |
| identification of 'candidatus piscichlamydia salmonis' in arctic charr salvelinus alpinus during a survey of charr production facilities in north america. | arctic charr salvelinus alpinus production facilities, nonproduction water sources and effluents in the united states and canada were sampled to determine if chlamydiae associated with epitheliocystis were present in water and were associated with inclusions of epitheliocystis in gill tissue. gills from 607 fish from 13 sites were processed for histopathologic examination and dna extraction. water was collected from 21 locations for dna testing. eighteen fish from one location had inclusions of ... | 2010 | 20391911 |
| microbial and pathological findings in farmed atlantic salmon salmo salar with proliferative gill inflammation. | proliferative gill inflammation (pgi) is an important cause of loss in seawater-farmed atlantic salmon in norway. several microbes have been associated with pgi, including the commonly but not exclusively observed inclusions (epitheliocysts) within the gill lamellae related to infection with 'candidatus piscichlamydia salmonis'. atlantic salmon transferred in the spring of 2004 to 12 seawater farms situated in mid- and southwest norway were sampled throughout that year. outbreaks of pgi, as eval ... | 2010 | 21133320 |
| a review of infectious gill disease in marine salmonid fish. | infectious gill diseases of marine salmonid fish present a significant challenge in salmon-farming regions. infectious syndromes or disease conditions affecting marine-farmed salmonids include amoebic gill disease (agd), proliferative gill inflammation (pgi) and tenacibaculosis. pathogens involved include parasites, such as neoparamoeba perurans, bacteria, such as piscichlamydia salmonis and tenacibaculum maritimum, and viruses, such as the atlantic salmon paramyxovirus (aspv). the present level ... | 2011 | 21401646 |
| permissivity of fish cell lines to three chlamydia-related bacteria: waddlia chondrophila, estrella lausannensis and parachlamydia acanthamoebae. | epitheliocystis is an infectious disease affecting gills and skin of various freshwater and marine fishes, associated with high mortality and reduced growth of survivors. candidatus piscichlamydia salmonis and clavochlamydia salmonicola have recently been identified as aetiological agents of epitheliocystis in atlantic salmon. in addition, several other members of the chlamydiales order have been identified in other fish species. to clarify the pathogenicity of chlamydia-like organisms towards f ... | 2011 | 22092560 |
| A natural freshwater origin for two chlamydial species, Candidatus Piscichlamydia salmonis and Candidatus Clavochlamydia salmonicola, causing mixed infections in wild brown trout (Salmo trutta). | Gill disease in salmonids is characterized by a multifactorial aetiology. Epitheliocystis of the gill lamellae caused by obligate intracellular bacteria of the order Chlamydiales is one known factor; however, their diversity has greatly complicated analyses to establish a causal relationship. In addition, tracing infections to a potential environmental source is currently impossible. In this study, we address these questions by investigating a wild brown trout (Salmo trutta) population from seve ... | 2011 | 22176683 |