| domain iii of bacillus thuringiensis cry1ie toxin plays an important role in binding to peritrophic membrane of asian corn borer. | the insecticidal ie648 toxin is a truncated cry1ie protein with increased toxicity against asian corn borer (acb). cry toxins are pore-forming toxins that disrupt insect midgut cells to kill the larvae. however, the peritrophic membrane (pm) is an important barrier that cry toxins must cross before binding to midgut cells. previously, it was shown that cry toxins are able to bind and accumulate in the pm of several lepidopteran insects. binding of ie648 toxin to pm of acb was previously reported ... | 2015 | 26295704 |
| is avian malaria playing a role in native bird declines in new zealand? testing hypotheses along an elevational gradient. | the mosquito-borne disease avian malaria (plasmodium spp.) has impacted both captive populations and wild individuals of native new zealand bird species. however, whether or not it is a cause of concern to their wild populations is still unclear. in hawaii, the disease has been a major factor in the population declines of some native forest bird species, often limiting their elevational distribution due to an inverse relationship between force of infection and elevation. while studies have inves ... | 2016 | 27802326 |
| oviposition habitat selection of dengue vectors, aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus in response to fish predator. | to understand the effects of fish predator's kairomones on aedes mosquitoes' oviposition, we established an experiment using gravid aedes females. kairomones concentrations were established using hampala macrolepidota. one individual fish was placed inside containers with varying water levels (1 l, 5 l, and 10 l of water). the fish were kept in the containers for 24 hours and were removed immediately at the start of each trial in order to have the kairomones remnants. twenty gravid adult females ... | 0 | 27965749 |
| surveillance for arboviral zoonoses in new zealand birds. | given the significant burden that emerging infectious diseases place on global economies and public health, the monitoring and mitigation of, and early response to, potential infectious diseases are of the highest priority. the objective of this study was to survey for known and other potential arboviral zoonoses in multiple bird species at four locations in new zealand. | 2013 | 24478919 |
| "Bird biting" mosquitoes and human disease: a review of the role of Culex pipiens complex mosquitoes in epidemiology. | The transmission of vector-borne pathogens is greatly influenced by the ecology of their vector, which is in turn shaped by genetic ancestry, the environment, and the hosts that are fed on. One group of vectors, the mosquitoes in the Culex pipiens complex, play key roles in the transmission of a range of pathogens including several viruses such as West Nile and St. Louis encephalitis viruses, avian malaria (Plasmodium spp.), and filarial worms. The Cx. pipiens complex includes Culex pipiens pipi ... | 2011 | 21875691 |
| vector competence of new zealand mosquitoes for selected arboviruses. | new zealand (nz) historically has been free of arboviral activity with the exception of whataroa virus (togaviridae: alphavirus), which is established in bird populations and is transmitted by local mosquitoes. this naive situation is threatened by global warming, invasive mosquitoes, and tourism. to determine the threat of selected medically important arboviruses to nz, vector competence assays were conducted using field collected endemic and introduced mosquito species. four alphaviruses (toga ... | 2011 | 21734146 |
| chikungunya virus: a novel and potentially serious threat to new zealand and the south pacific islands. | there has never been a locally transmitted outbreak of mosquito-borne disease in new zealand, but the risk of an outbreak occurring is increasing with on-going interceptions of exotic mosquito vectors across its border, increasing traffic of goods and passengers, higher numbers of viremic travelers arriving, and local, regional, and global environmental change. the risk posed to new zealand by chikungunya virus is potentially high because of the transmissibility of this virus in subtropical clim ... | 2010 | 20889861 |
| concurrent avian malaria and avipox virus infection in translocated south island saddlebacks (philesturnus carunculatus carunculatus). | outbreaks of mortality in south island saddlebacks (philesturnus carunculatus carunculatus) that had been translocated to two offshore islands in the marlborough sounds of new zealand were investigated during the summers of 2002 and 2007. both outbreaks were associated with a severe decrease in numbers of saddlebacks of up to 60% of approximately 200 birds. clinical and pathological findings: many of the surviving birds were in poor condition, and had skin lesions on the legs and head. necropsy ... | 2010 | 20676161 |
| association between habitat size, brushtail possum density, and the mosquito fauna of native forests in the auckland region, new zealand. | human activities have been causing dramatic and unprecedented changes to the earth's ecosystems, and are a primary factor associated with biological invasions. disturbed and fragmented habitats allow some vector mosquitoes to thrive. the new zealand landscape has been extensively modified since the arrival of humans, and there is accumulating evidence that the distribution of mosquitoes is being altered as a result of anthropogenic environmental changes. this study aimed to assess whether forest ... | 2009 | 19444520 |
| the ecology of whataroa virus, an alphavirus, in south westland, new zealand. | the findings of a survey on the ecology of an alphavirus over the years 1964-9 are reviewed. evidence is presented to show that wild birds constitute a vertebrate reservoir of the virus and that mosquitoes, primarily culiseta tonnoiri and culex pervigilans, which are both endemic new zealand species, are responsible for summer transmission.serological evidence of infection was obtained in all years and evidence is presented to indicate that the virus is enzootic rather than being reintroduced ea ... | 1973 | 4149068 |
| spatial and temporal distribution, environmental drivers and community structure of mosquitoes in the kaipara harbour, new zealand. | mosquito communities across the globe frequently comprise a mix of native and cosmopolitan species. new zealand's mosquito communities are no exception. here we describe the abundance, distribution and phenological patterns for a community of six mosquito taxa resident across the kaipara harbour region of northern new zealand. adult mosquitoes were sampled using baited light traps, serviced biweekly for 3½ years. seasonal fluctuations in abundance of adults were examined for correlations with te ... | 2017 | 28786372 |
| container surface area and water depth influence the population dynamics of the mosquito culex pervigilans (diptera: culicidae) and its associated predators in new zealand. | the density of larval mosquitoes in containers is related to adult mosquito ovipositional preferences and to other factors such as the abundance of predators. we examined the effects of anthropogenic container size and water depth on the population dynamics of mosquitoes and their macroinvertebrate predators in wellington, new zealand. culex pervigilans was the only mosquito species observed in these containers. with the exception of one sampling date, throughout the year cx. pevigilans larvae, ... | 2003 | 14714676 |
| container aperture size and nutrient preferences of mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) in the auckland region, new zealand. | ovitraps are a widely used tool for mosquito vector surveillance and population monitoring. in the auckland region, new zealand, the oviposition preferences of mosquitoes were assessed in artificial breeding containers in relation to container aperture size and water nutrient levels. only three mosquito species were recorded: the endemic culex pervigilans and the exotic culex quinquefasciatus and ochlerotatus notoscriptus. both culex species were somewhat rare and would not readily utilize the o ... | 2005 | 16007958 |
| can adults of the new zealand mosquito culex pervigilans (bergorth) detect the presence of a key predator in larval habitats? | the influence of predators on mosquito populations may be direct through predation or indirect through sub-lethal responses of adult mosquitoes in life history traits such as oviposition behavior. in new zealand, the backswimmer, anisops wakefieldi, is a common predator of mosquito larvae found in temporary and permanent water bodies. we predicted that the new zealand native mosquito, culex pervigilans, whose larvae are vulnerable to predation of anisops, would likely avoid the containers with t ... | 2010 | 20618655 |
| lethal and sublethal impacts of predaceous backswimmer anisops wakefieldi (hemiptera: notonectidae) on the life-history traits of the new zealand mosquito culex pervigilans (diptera: culicidae). | the presence of predators can have dramatic consequences on prey communities, not only by the direct effects of consumption but also through sublethal effects. we investigated the survival rate and subsequent life history of the mosquito culex pervigilans bergroth under the influence of its major predator, the backswimmer anisops wakefieldi white. we established a field experiment with various treatments: 1) control without predators, 2) free-roaming a. wakefieldi (with one, three, or nine a. wa ... | 2013 | 24180106 |