| peculiar acute toxic colitis after ingestion of colocynth: a clinicopathological study of three cases. | we report three examples of toxic acute colitis which occurred after ingestion of colocynth (citrullus colocynthis) for ritual purposes. the prominent clinical feature was dysenteric diarrhoea; colonoscopic changes included congestion and hyperaemia of the mucosa with abundant exudates but no ulceration or pseudopolyp formation. a causal relationship between colonic injury and the intake of colocynth was supported by the following features: (1) the pharmacology of the colocynth extract ingested; ... | 1989 | 2583569 |
| smooth muscle and cardiovascular pharmacology of alpha-elaterin-2-d-glucopyranoside glycoside of citrullus colocynthis. | | 1967 | 4385276 |
| the effect of citrullus colocynthis on sheep. | fresh citrullus colocynthis fruits and leaves were fed to ten sheep at daily doses ranging from 0.25 to 10 g/kg. the sheep showed signs of poisoning and died from 4 hours to 25 days after dosing. the clinical signs of diarrhea, anorexia, dyspnea and loss of condition were well correlated with the pathological findings. there was an increase in the concentrations of creatinine, urea and potassium and a decrease in total protein and calcium in the serum and in the blood sugar level of colocynthis- ... | 1984 | 6516206 |
| toxicity of five sudanese plants to young ruminants. | the toxicity of 5 sudanese plants credited with medicinal value for man, i.e. citrullus colocynthis, jatropha aceroides, j. glauca, solanum dubium and lagenaria siceraria, was studied by giving the dried or minced plants to nubian goats, desert sheep or zebu calves by mouth or stomach tube. the clinical, haematological and pathological changes indicated that all five plants reduced the ability of the liver to synthesize protein, although there was no evidence of interference with the excretion o ... | 1983 | 6643755 |
| effect of combined citrullus colocynthis and rhazya stricta use in najdi sheep. | the effect of oral administration of 0.25 g/kg/day of citrullus colocynthis fruits, 0.25 g/kg/day of rhazya stricta leaves or mixture of the two plants at 0.25 g/kg/day of c. colocynthis fruits plus 0.25 g/kg/day of r. stricta leaves in najdi sheep was examined. oral administration of 0.25 g/kg/day of c. colocynthis fruits or 0.25 g/kg/day of r. stricta leaves for 42 days proved not fatal but that of the mixture of the two plants (0.25 g + 0.25 g/kg/day) proved fatal within 26 days with profuse ... | 2000 | 11154052 |
| response of najdi sheep to oral administration of citrullus colocynthis fruits, nerium oleander leaves or their mixture. | susceptibility of sheep to oral administration of citrullus colocynthis fruits, nerium oleander leaves or their mixture is described in 12 sheep assigned as untreated controls, c. colocynthis-treated at 0.25g/kg/day, n. oleander-treated at 0.25g/kg and plant mixture-treated at 0.25g of c. colocynthis/kg plus 0.25g of n. oleander/kg. the daily use of 0.25g of c. colocynthis/kg for 42 days was not fatal to sheep and caused slight diarrhoea, catarrhal enteritis, centrilobular hepatocellular fatty c ... | 2001 | 11323208 |
| antibacterial screening of citrullus colocynthis. | crude ethanolic extracts of fruits, leaves, stems and roots of citrullus colocynthis schrad were examined for their antibacterial potentialities against gram positive and gram negative bacilli. ethanolic extracts of fruits, leaves, stems and roots were found to be active against gram positive bacilli, viz., bacillus pumilus and staphylococcus aureus, while fruit and root extracts in double strength gave positive results against gram positive bacillus (bacillus subtilis). the gram negative bacill ... | 2003 | 16414561 |
| bioactive saponins and glycosides. xxvii. structures of new cucurbitane-type triterpene glycosides and antiallergic constituents from citrullus colocynthis. | the methanolic extract from the fruit of citrullus colocynthis showed an inhibitory effect on ear passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reactions as a type i allergic model in mice. from the methanolic extract, two new cucurbitane-type triterpene glycosides, colocynthosides a and b, were isolated together with 17 known constituents. the structures of colocynthosides a and b were elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence. in addition, the principal cucurbitane-type triterpene glyco ... | 2007 | 17329885 |
| in vitro antimycoplasmal activity of six jordanian medicinal plants against three mycoplasma species. | the in vitro effect of six jordanian traditional medicine plant methanolic extracts were tested against 32 isolates of mycoplasma species; mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides lc (6), mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum (8) and m. putrefaciens (18), all isolated from either nasal swabs or milk, from sheep and goats in different regions in jordan. all mycoplasma species showed susceptibility to artemisia herba-alba and artemisia arborescens with mic ranges from 3.125-12.5 mg/ml. allium sativum ... | 2007 | 17969714 |
| ethnoveterinary practices for the treatment of parasitic diseases in livestock in cholistan desert (pakistan). | this study was conducted to document the ethnoveterinary medicinal (evm) practices for the treatment of different parasitic diseases of livestock in cholistan desert, pakistan. | 2008 | 18524514 |
| comparative effects of citrullus colocynthis, sunflower and olive oil-enriched diet in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats. | citrullus colocynthis (colocynth) seeds are traditionally used as antidiabetic medication in mediterranean countries. the present study evaluated the differential effects of diets enriched with c. colocynthis, sunflower or olive oils on the pancreatic beta-cell mass in streptozotocin (stz)-induced diabetes in rats. stz injection induced rapid hyperglycaemia in all animals. however, 2 months later, hyperglycaemia was significantly less pronounced in the rats fed a c. colocynthis oil-enriched diet ... | 2009 | 19264524 |
| antibacterial and anticandidal screening of tunisian citrullus colocynthis schrad. from medenine. | resistance to current antibacterial drugs and the rise of opportunistic fungal infections are growing global concerns. traditional medicine is a potential source of new antibacterials and antifungals. citrullus colocynthis schrad. (cucurbitaceae) endemic in southern tunisia, is used in folk medicine against dermatological, gynaecological and pulmonary infections. | 2009 | 19397972 |
| ethnopharmacological survey of wild medicinal plants in showbak, jordan. | two main research questions are framing this investigation: (1) the main taxa of the medicinal importance value altered the showbak forest stand and species composition? (2) the most safe species and what are the toxic ones (unsafe). these two research questions are the vital ones to draw a clear image about the wild medicinal plants of this investigated area of showbak region in jordan. 79 wild medicinal plant species were investigated in this study which are used in traditional medication for ... | 2009 | 19429338 |
| antifungal activity of nettle (urtica dioica l.), colocynth (citrullus colocynthis l. schrad), oleander (nerium oleander l.) and konar (ziziphus spina-christi l.) extracts on plants pathogenic fungi. | anti-mycotic activity of the ethanol extracts from nettle (urtica dioica l.), colocynth (citrullus colocynthis l. schrad), konar (ziziphus spina-christi l.) and oleander (nerium oleander l.) floral parts were screened in vitro against four important plant pathogenic fungi viz.; alternaria alternate, fusarium oxysporum, fusarium solani and rizoctonia solani using agar dilution bioassay. extracts showed antifungal activity against all the tested fungi. among the plants, nettle and colocynth were t ... | 2009 | 19579919 |
| effect of citrullus colocynthis schrad fruits on testosterone-induced alopecia. | alopecia is a psychologically distressing phenomenon. androgenetic alopecia (aga) is the most common form of alopecia, which affects millions of men and women worldwide, and is an androgen driven disorder. here, the citrullus colocynthis schrad fruit is evaluated for hair growth activity in androgen-induced alopecia. petroleum ether extract of c. colocynthis was applied topically for its hair growth-promoting activity. alopecia was induced in albino mice by testosterone administration intramuscu ... | 2009 | 19764005 |
| the clinical investigation of citrullus colocynthis (l.) schrad fruit in treatment of type ii diabetic patients: a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. | citrullus colocynthis (l.) schrad fruit is an herbal medicine used by traditional herbalists for the treatment of diabetes in iran. to determine its efficacy and toxicity, a 2 month clinical trial was conducted in 50 type ii diabetic patients. two groups of 25 each under standard antidiabetic therapy, received 100 mg c. colocynthis fruit capsules or placebos three times a day, respectively. the patients were visited monthly and glycosylated hemoglobin (hba1c), fasting blood glucose, total choles ... | 2009 | 19170143 |
| hypolipidaemic effects of citrullus colocynthis l. in rabbits. | aim of this research to study the effect of citrullus colocynthis (70% etoh) extract on lipid profile on rabbits. the plant extract was orally administered to the atherogenic rabbits (atherogenic diet + cholesterol powder supplement 400 mg/kg/body weight/day dissolved in 5 ml coconut oil) at dose of 1.2 g kg(-1) body weight/day. during the hall period of the experiment blood was collected and serum was analyzed for lipid profile. animals were sacrificed; the heart and the liver were collected an ... | 2007 | 19070101 |
| short and long effects of citrullus colocynthis l. on reproductive system and fertility in female spague-dawley rats. | aim of this study is to investigate the toxic effects of citrullus colocynthis l. (400 mg/kg/body wight) on the reproductive system after administration to female sprague-dawley rats weighting 250-300 g for two time periods 4 and 12 weeks. twenty adult female rats were divided into two groups and citrullus colocynthis l. were intraperitoneally injected to experimental animals in dose of 400 mg/kg/body wight. first group containing 10 rats received treatment for 4 weeks and a second group of 10 r ... | 2007 | 19070085 |
| an overview on antidiabetic medicinal plants having insulin mimetic property. | diabetes mellitus is one of the common metabolic disorders acquiring around 2.8% of the world's population and is anticipated to cross 5.4% by the year 2025. since long back herbal medicines have been the highly esteemed source of medicine therefore, they have become a growing part of modern, high-tech medicine. in view of the above aspects the present review provides profiles of plants (65 species) with hypoglycaemic properties, available through literature source from various database with pro ... | 2012 | 23569923 |
| nitrogenous bases of the different organs of citrullus colocynthis. | | 2016 | 4776283 |
| an evidence-based review on medicinal plants used as insecticide and insect repellent in traditional iranian medicine. | insects can be the cause of major ecological problems; they can transmit microbes and parasites that affect humans, and damage food crops, trees, and homes. the total economic cost of insect-related damage and disease is immeasurable. in traditional iranian medicine (tim), several medicinal plants have been identified as insecticides or insect repellents, but many of them are still unknown. therefore, the aim of this study was to review the insecticidal or insect repellent activity of certain me ... | 2016 | 27186389 |
| a review on biosynthesis of nanoparticles by marine organisms. | marine organisms produce remarkable nanofabricated structures in cell wall, shells, pearls and fish bones. marine microorganisms such as bacteria (e. coli, pseudomonas sp.), cyanobacteria (spirulina platensis, oscillatoria willei, phormidium tenue), yeasts (pichia capsulata, rhodospiridium diobovatum), fungi (thraustochytrium sp., penicillium fellutanum, aspergillus niger), and algae (navicula atomus, diadesmis gallica, stauroneis sp. sargassum wightii, fucus vesiculosus) are reported to synthes ... | 2013 | 23202242 |
| analysis of the biological and molecular variability of watermelon mosaic virus isolates from iran. | watermelon mosaic virus (wmv) is one of the most important viruses that causes different symptoms in cucurbitaceae. wmv is a potyvirus with a worldwide distribution, but occurs most commonly in temperate and mediterranean regions. cucurbit species grown in yazd, esfahan, west azerbaijan, hormozgan, and kerman provinces were surveyed for the relative incidence of wmv in 2004-2005. a total of 757 symptomatic cucurbit and 31 weed species were collected and assayed for infection with wmv. of 788 lea ... | 2008 | 18712590 |
| antibacterial activity on citrullus colocynthis leaf extract. | studies on the antibacterial activities of the leaf extract of citrullus colocynthis (cucurbitaceae), a medicinal plant used for the treatment of various ailments was carried out using agar disc diffusion technique. the results revealed that the crude acetone extract exhibited antibacterial activities against pseudomonas aeruginosa with zones of inhibition measuring 14.0mm. the chloroform leaf extract exhibited no antibacterial activity against staphylococcus aureus. the minimum inhibitory conce ... | 2009 | 22557336 |
| tuareg ethnoveterinary treatments of camel diseases in agadez area (niger). | for generations, nomadic herders have been learning to manage herd health, particularly in dromedaries because of their great value. owing to the unavailability of veterinary services, camel herders in remote areas have been developing their own pharmacopoeia and veterinary techniques. the bleeding of sick animals is a common treatment, as tuareg herders believe that 'tainted blood' (izni) is the cause of many conditions. several surgical techniques are also used, such as excision of calcified s ... | 2007 | 18318345 |
| development and evaluation of polyherbal formulation for hair growth-promoting activity. | cuscuta reflexa (roxb.), citrullus colocynthis (schrad.), and eclipta alba (hassk.) are traditionally acclaimed herbs for their hair growth-promoting potential. aim in the present study, it was envisaged to prepare herbal formulations containing petroleum ether extracts of the three herbs in varying ratio and evaluating the formulations for the hair growth-promoting activity. | 2007 | 17524127 |
| the medicinal plants in the control of tuberculosis: laboratory study on medicinal plants from the northern area of pakistan. | tuberculosis (tb) ranks as the second leading cause of deaths due to infectious diseases. although global efforts have been made to control tb, still, this is a serious threat as mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) produced resistance against both the first- and second-line drugs. the increasing incidence of multidrug-resistant, extremely drug resistant, and totally drug-resistant tb worldwide requires extra efforts to search for new anti-tb drugs. | 2017 | 28317814 |
| antimycobacterial activity of citrullus colocynthis (l.) schrad. against drug sensitive and drug resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis and mott clinical isolates. | citrullus colocynthis (cucurbitaceae), a folk herbal medicine and traditionally used natural remedy for tuberculosis in india has been studied to validate its antitubercular activity against drug sensitive and drug resistant (including multidrug resistant) mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium other than tuberculosis (mott) bacilli. | 2013 | 23816500 |
| mosquito larvicidal activity of oleic and linoleic acids isolated from citrullus colocynthis (linn.) schrad. | in mosquito control programs, botanical origin may have the potential to be used successfully as larvicides. the larvicidal activity of crude acetone, hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and petroleum ether extracts of the leaf of centella asiatica linn., datura metal linn., mukia scabrella arn., toddalia asiatica (linn.) lam, extracts of whole plant of citrullus colocynthis (linn.) schrad, and sphaeranthus indicus linn. were assayed for their toxicity against the early fourth instar larvae of cule ... | 2008 | 18688644 |
| larvicidal efficacy of five cucurbitaceous plant leaf extracts against mosquito species. | larvicidal activity of crude hexane, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether, acetone, and methanol extracts of the leaf of five species of cucurbitaceous plants, citrullus colocynthis, coccinia indica, cucumis sativus, momordica charantia, and trichosanthes anguina, were tested against the early fourth instar larvae of aedes aegypti l. and culex quinquefasciatus (say) (diptera: culicidae). the larval mortality was observed after 24 h of exposure. all extracts showed moderate larvicidal effects; however, ... | 2008 | 18340464 |
| useful ethnophytomedicinal recipes of angiosperms used against diabetes in south east asian countries (india, pakistan & sri lanka). | this paper is based on data recorded from various literatures pertaining to ethnophytomedicinal recipes used against diabetes in south east asia (india, pakistan and srilanka). traditional plant treatments have been used throughout the world for the therapy of diabetes mellitus. in total 419 useful phytorecipes of 270 plant species belonging to 74 angiospermic families were collected. from the review it was revealed that plants showing hypoglycemic potential mainly belong to the families, cucurb ... | 2014 | 25176368 |
| ethnopharmacological survey of medicinal herbs in jordan, the ajloun heights region. | the study of local knowledge about natural resources is becoming increasingly important in defining strategies and actions for conservation of medicinal plants. this study therefore sought to collect information from local population concerning the use of ajloun heights region medicinal plants; identify the most important species used; determine the relative importance of the species surveyed and calculate the informant consensus factor (icf) in relation to medicinal plant use. data collection r ... | 2007 | 17097250 |
| growth inhibitory activity of cucurbitacin glucosides isolated from citrullus colocynthis on human breast cancer cells. | our aim was to study the effects of cucurbitacin glucosides extracted from citrullus colocynthis leaves on human breast cancer cell growth. leaves were extracted, resulting in the identification of cucurbitacin b/e glucosides. the cucurbitacin glucoside combination (1:1) inhibited growth of er(+) mcf-7 and er(-) mda-mb-231 human breast cancer cell lines. cell-cycle analysis showed that treatment with isolated cucurbitacin glucoside combination resulted in accumulation of cells at the g(2)/m phas ... | 2007 | 17049494 |
| biochemical effects of citrullus colocynthis in normal and diabetic rats. | diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine diseases. in uae many traditional plants such as the citrullus colocynthis (handal) are used as antidiabetic remedies. the aim of this study was to examine the effect of the aqueous extract of the seed of c. colocynthis on the biochemical parameters of normal and streptozotocin (stz)-induced diabetic rats. diabetes mellitus was induced by a single intraperitoneal (60 mg/kg body wt1) injection of stz. normal and diabetic rats were fed with the ... | 2004 | 15362497 |
| induction of reversible antifertility with a crude ethanol extract of citrullus colocynthis schrad fruit in male rats. | a crude 50% ethanol extract of citrullus colocynthis schrad was administered orally to male albino rats for evaluation of antifertility effects. the animals were divided into five groups: group a was a vehicle-treated control group; treatment groups b, c, and d received 100 mg/kg/day c. colocynthis extract for periods of 20, 40, and 60 days, respectively, and group e animals received the extract at 100 mg/kg/day for 60 days followed by 60 days of recovery. for androgenicity evaluation of the ext ... | 2003 | 12660478 |
| a genetic linkage map for watermelon derived from a testcross population: ( citrullus lanatus var. citroides x c. lanatus var. lanatus) x citrullus colocynthis. | a genetic linkage map was constructed for watermelon using a testcross population [plant accession griffin 14113 ( citrullus lanatus var. citroides) x new hampshire midget (nhm; c. lanatus var. lanatus)] x u.s. plant introduction (pi) 386015 ( citrullus colocynthis). the map contains 141 randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) markers produced by 78 primers, 27 inter-simple sequence repeat (issr) markers produced by 17 primers, and a sequence-characterized amplified region (scar) marker that w ... | 2002 | 12582504 |
| effect of combination of capsicum frutescens and citrullus colocynthis on growth, haematological and pathophysiological parameters of rats. | the toxicity of diet containing 10% of capsicum frutescens or 10% of citrullus colocynthis fruits or their 1:1 mixture (5% + 5%) to rats treated for 6 weeks was evaluated. body weight loss, inefficiency of feed utilization, diarrhoea, and enterohepatonephropathy characterized c. colocynthis toxicosis in rats. despite impairment of rat's growth neither nephropathy nor diarrhoea was detected in rats fed the 10% c. frutescens diet. feeding the mixture of c. frutescens and c. colocynthis caused more ... | 2003 | 12557257 |
| in vitro investigation of a standardized dried extract of citrullus colocynthis on liver toxicity in adult rats. | a standardized extract of citrullus colocynthis used as an oral natural laxative in folk medicine was tested for its influence on liver function parameters in vitro. cytochrome p450 (cyp) dependent production of reactive oxygen species (ros) under the influence of citrullus colocynthis extract was investigated by means of stimulated lipid peroxidation (lpo), h2o2 formation and amplified chemiluminescence in rat liver microsomes. in rat liver 9000 x g supernatants 4 monooxygenase reactions mediat ... | 2002 | 12484560 |
| combined toxicity of cassia senna and citrullus colocynthis in rats. | body weight loss, inefficiency of feed utilization, diarrhea, ruffled hair and enterohepatonephrotoxicity were effects on male wistar rats fed diet containing 10% cassia senna or 10% citrullus colocynthis ripe fruits for 6w. rats fed a 1:1 mixture (5% + 5%) of fruits from these plants were more adversely affected and had deaths than rats fed the individual plants. the changes associated with the macrocytic hypochromic anemia and leukopenia were increased serum ast, alt and alp activities, increa ... | 2001 | 11308122 |
| preliminary toxicity study on the individual and combined effects of citrullus colocynthis and nerium oleander in rats. | the toxicity of diet containing 10% of citrullus colocynthis fruits or 10% of nerium oleander leaves or their 1:1 mixture (5%+5%) for rats treated for 6 weeks was determined. dullness, ruffled hair, decreased body weight gains and feed efficiency, and enterohepatonephropathy characterised treatment with c. colocynthis and n. oleander given alone. diarrhoea was a prominent sign of c. colocynthis poisoning. organ lesions were accompanied by leucopenia, anaemia and alterations in serum ast, alt and ... | 2000 | 10925008 |
| insulinotropic effect of citrullus colocynthis fruit extracts. | infusions of citrullus colocynthis schrad. (cucurbitaceae) fruits are traditionally used as antidiabetic medication in mediterranean countries, but to our knowledge no studies have been undertaken so far to determine the possible mechanisms involved in the antidiabetic properties of the fruit. the present study was designed to investigate whether these fruits possess insulinotropic effects. for this purpose, different extracts of citrullus colocynthis seed components were obtained: rn ii (crude ... | 2000 | 10909260 |
| the hypoglycaemic and antihyperglycaemic effect of citrullus colocynthis fruit aqueous extract in normal and alloxan diabetic rabbits. | effects of the aqueous, glycosidic, alkaloidal and saponin extracts of the rind of citrullus colocynthis on the plasma glucose levels were investigated in normal rabbits, while the effects of saponin extract on the fasting plasma glucose levels were studied in alloxan induced diabetic rabbits. in normal rabbits, oral administration of aqueous extract (300 mg/kg) produced significant reduction in plasma glucose after 1 h and highly significant after 2,3 and 6 h. phytochemical screening revealed t ... | 2000 | 10904181 |
| an estimation of citrullus colocynthis toxicity for chicks. | citrullus colocynthis seed was fed at 2% and 10% of the basal diet to 7-d-old bovans-type chicks for 6 w. average body weights and efficiency of feed utilization were markedly depressed in the chicks on 10% citrullus feed, and the serum activities of ldh, ast and ck and concentrations of total lipid and zinc were significantly increased. the concentration of serum total iron binding capacity was particularly reduced in chicks on 2% citrullus feed. the concentrations of other serum and blood cons ... | 1995 | 8540228 |
| carcinogenic activity of condensate from coloquint seeds (citrullus colocynthis) after chronic epicutaneous administration to mice. | in the sahelian countries coloquint seed tar is used in traditional medicine. a condensate from the seed of citrullus colocynthis was obtained in a camel nomad settlement. it contained a large number of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, including known carcinogens [e.g., benzo(a)pyrene, benz(a)anthracene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(j)fluoranthene]. the dose-related carcinogenic activity of this condensate was established after chronic epicutaneous application to mouse skin. we conclude that the ... | 1984 | 6746706 |
| toxicity of colocynithin and hydrated colocynithin from alcoholic extract of citrullus colocynthis pulp. | the comparative toxicity of the alcoholic extract of citrullus colocynthis pulp; colocynithin and hydrated colocynithin have been isolated and tried against seven insect species. the american cockroaches were more susceptible for both compounds than the german one, adult honey bee were more affected with colocynithin than adult housefly. while hydrated colocynithin was more toxic to housefly than honey bee, cotton leafworm was less affected with both toxicants. bed bug was less affected with col ... | 1989 | 2708854 |
| purification and properties of new ribosome-inactivating proteins with rna n-glycosidase activity. | ribosome-inactivating proteins (rips) similar to those already known (stirpe & barbieri (1986) febs lett. 195, 1-8) were purified from the seeds of asparagus officinalis (two proteins, asparin 1 and 2), of citrullus colocynthis (two proteins, colocin 1 and 2), of lychnis chalcedonica (lychnin) and of manihot palmata (mapalmin), from the roots of phytolacca americana (pokeweed antiviral protein from roots, pap-r) and from the leaves of bryonia dioica (bryodin-l). the two latter proteins can be co ... | 1990 | 2248976 |
| Biomedical potential of silver nanoparticles synthesized from calli cells of Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad. | An increasingly common application is the use of silver nanoparticles for antimicrobial coatings, wound dressings, and biomedical devices. In this present investigation, we report, biomedical potential of silver nanopaticles synthesized from calli extract of Citrullus colocynthis on Human epidermoid larynx carcinoma (HEp -2) cell line. | 2011 | 21943321 |
| the hypolipidemic effect of citrullus colocynthis on patients with hyperlipidemia. | citrullus colocynthis is one of the medical herbs that traditionally have been used as an antidiabetic medication in tropical and subtropical countries. the aim of this study was to investigate the hypolipidemic effect of citrullus colocynthis beyond the hypoglycemic impact on human. one hundred dislipidemic patients were randomly divided into two groups namely treated (n = 50) group and placebo (n = 50) group. the subjects were treated daily by powdered seeds of citrullus colocynthis (300 mg) a ... | 2010 | 21313901 |
| ethno-veterinary uses and informants consensus factor of medicinal plants of sariska region, rajasthan, india. | the study was conducted in sariska region of rajasthan, india to identify the important species used for ethno-veterinary medicine; finding out methods for various ethno-veterinary medicine preparations, and calculate the informant consensus factor (icf) in relation to medicinal plant use. | 2011 | 20817085 |
| screening of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of citrullus colocynthis from southern tunisia. | inflammations and immune-related diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis are growing global concerns. most of the drugs from plants which have become important in modern medicine had a folklore origin and are traditional in systems of medicine. citrullus colocynthis schrad. (cucurbitaceae), endemic in southern tunisia, is used in folk medicine to treat many inflammation diseases. | 2010 | 19962436 |
| in vitro and in vivo study of cucurbitacins-type triterpene glucoside from citrullus colocynthis growing in saudi arabia against hepatocellular carcinoma. | chromatographic investigation of fruits obtained from citrullus colocynthis, growing in saudi arabia, led to isolation of two compounds; cucurbitacin e glucoside (cu e, 1), and cucurbitacin i glucoside (cu i, 2). the chemical structures of 1 and 2, were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses include; 1d ((1)h and (13)c) and 2d (cosy, hmqc and hmbc) nmr and esi-ms spectroscopy. the in vitro cytotoxic activity against hepatoma cell line (hepg2) and mice-bearing tumor of ehrlich's ascites carcinoma ( ... | 2011 | 22245841 |
| an ethnoveterinary study of medicinal plants in treatment of diseases and syndromes of herd dog in southern regions of ilam province, iran. | this paper describes a selection of the ethnoveterinary medicines used for herd dogs in the southern regions of ilam province, iran. traditional botanical medicine is the primary mode of healthcare for most of the rural population in ilam province. in this study, a questionnaire was distributed among 45 residential areas in 22 rural zones of the southern areas of ilam province. the objective of this study was the recognition of natural medicinal methods using medicinal plants, and the classifica ... | 2012 | 23667351 |
| green microwave-assisted combustion synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles with citrullus colocynthis (l.) schrad: characterization and biomedical applications. | in this paper, a green microwave-assisted combustion approach to synthesize zno-nps using zinc nitrate and citrullus colocynthis (l.) schrad (fruit, seed and pulp) extracts as bio-fuels is reported. the structure, optical, and colloidal properties of the synthesized zno-np samples were studied. results illustrate that the morphology and particle size of the zno samples are different and depend on the bio-fuel. the xrd results revealed that hexagonal wurtzite zno-nps with mean particle size of 27 ... | 2017 | 28212344 |
| a study of the molluscicidal and larvicidal activities of citrullus colocynthis (l.) leaf extract and its main cucurbitacins against the mollusc galba truncatula, intermediate host of fasciola hepatica. | the molluscicidal and larvicidal activities of the medicinal plant citrullus colocynthis leaf extracts and its main cucurbitacins were tested against the mollusc gastropod galba truncatula, the intermediate host of fasciola hepatica. | 2016 | 27862897 |
| resistance to southern root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita) in wild watermelon (citrullus lanatus var. citroides). | southern root-knot nematode (rkn, meloidogyne incognita) is a serious pest of cultivated watermelon (citrullus lanatus var. lanatus) in southern regions of the united states and no resistance is known to exist in commercial watermelon cultivars. wild watermelon relatives (citrullus lanatus var. citroides) have been shown in greenhouse studies to possess varying degrees of resistance to rkn species. experiments were conducted over 2 yr to assess resistance of southern rkn in c. lanatus var. citro ... | 2016 | 27168648 |
| diversity of flora used for the cure of equine diseases in selected peri-urban areas of punjab, pakistan. | plants have widely been used and documented for their therapeutic potential in many parts of the world. there are, however, few reports on the use of plants for the treatment of diseases of equines. to this end, participatory epidemiology and rapid rural appraisal techniques were used to document the plants having pharmacotherapeutic significance against different ailments of equines in selected population of punjab, pakistan. | 2013 | 24283263 |
| ethnopharmacological survey of plants used in the traditional treatment of hypertension and diabetes in south-eastern morocco (errachidia province). | this survey was undertaken in the errachidia province in south-eastern morocco in order to inventory the main medicinal plants used in folk medicine to treat arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus. four hundred individuals who knew about and/or had used the medicinal plants for the indicated diseases, including some herbal healers, were interviewed throughout different regions of the province. the inventory of medicinal plants is summarized in a synoptic table, which contains the scientific ... | 2007 | 17052873 |
| antihyperlipidemic effect of a polyherbal mixture in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. | the effects of a polyherbal mixture containing allium sativum, cinnamomum zeylanicum, citrullus colocynthis, juglans regia, nigella sativa, olea europaea, punica granatum, salvia officinalis, teucrium polium, trigonella foenum, urtica dioica, and vaccinium arctostaphylos were tested on biochemical parameters in diabetic rats. the animals were randomized into three groups: (1) normal control, (2) diabetic control, and (3) diabetic rats which received diet containing 15% (w/w) of this mixture for ... | 2013 | 24383002 |
| the effect of pulp and seed extract of citrullus colocynthis, as an antidaibetic medicinal herb, on hepatocytes glycogen stores in diabetic rabbits. | medicinal herbs such as citrullus colocynthis (c.c) have been used traditionally in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. however therapeutic applications and adverse effects of c.c and its natural variants are not determined well. the current work investigates the effects of pulp and seed extract of c.c on hepatocyte's glycogen stores. | 2014 | 25625097 |
| ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used in the management of diabetes mellitus in the urmia, northwest iran. | to collect and document information on anti-diabetic plants traditionally used in the treating of diabetes in urmia at northwest iran because ethnomedicines are considered as valuable sources to find new potential drugs. | 2014 | 25312149 |
| a review on antidiabetic activity of citrullus colocynthis schrad. | current studies have elaborated diabetes mellitus as one of the most prevalent endocrine disorder throughout the world. citrullus colocynthis (c. colocynthis) is one of the most common traditional plants used as remedy against diabetes mellitus. it is well recognized by its hypoglycemic effect, which is substantiated in current phytotherapy. its undesired effects include the disturbance of gastrointestinal and urinary tracts. this review article encompasses various blood glucose lowering studies ... | 2015 | 25265814 |
| paresthesia: a review of its definition, etiology and treatments in view of the traditional medicine. | to search major islamic traditional medicine (itm) textbooks for definition, etiology and medicinal plants used to manage 'khadar' or 'paresthesia', a common sensory symptom of multiple sclerosis (ms) and peripheral neuropathies. in addition, the conformity of the efficacy of itm-suggested plants with the findings from modern pharmacological research on ms will be discussed. | 2016 | 26561077 |
| an inventory of the ethnobotanicals used as anthelmintics in the southern punjab (pakistan). | a survey was conducted in southern punjab, pakistan, in order to document existing ethnobotanical knowledge by the herdsmen/key respondents about anthelmintics in ruminants. a 3-satge process was used to document the plants being used to treat and/or control helminthes. this paper describes 29 plants to treat helminthosis in ruminants. the main plants used were lamium amplexicaule l., mallotus philippinensis muell., withania somnifera (l.) dunal., azadirachta indica a. juss., and citrullus coloc ... | 2006 | 16730420 |
| phytosociological studies of citrullus colocyanthis l., growing in different altitudinal sites in saudi arabia. | the aim of the present study was to survey and record the plant species associated with citrullus colocynthis in different altitudinal localities in the west of saudi arabia. depending on the presence of citrullus colocynthis l. species, seven stands on the west of saudi arabia; expending from 25 m up to 2220 m a.s.l. height and 330 km long were selected for this study. soil samples were collected from the studied localities and the soil properties were investigated. also, plant species associat ... | 2009 | 19806808 |
| evaluation of antioxidant and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of different solvent extracts of leaves of citrullus colocynthis. | citrullus colocynthis is a folk medicinal plan of united arab emirates. several studies on this plant reported and focused on the biological and toxicological profile of fruits pulp. the present study focused on the antioxidant potency of leaf extract of this plant. | 2014 | 25002802 |
| a bibliometric study of scientific literature in scopus on botanicals for treatment of androgenetic alopecia. | in androgenetic alopecia, a number of botanicals are available that can effectively slow or reduce hair loss and inflammation or stimulate partial hair regrowth. the aim of this study was to provide a descriptive overview of the impact and production of literature on botanicals used for androgenetic alopecia and to perform a citation analysis of the related research articles. | 2016 | 26608588 |
| screening of immunomodulatory activity of total and protein extracts of some moroccan medicinal plants. | herbal and traditional medicines are being widely used in practice in many countries for their benefits of treating different ailments. a large number of plants in morocco were used in folk medicine to treat immune-related disorders. the objective of this study is to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of protein extracts (pes) of 14 moroccan medicinal plants. this activity was tested on the proliferation of immune cells. the prepared total and pes of the plant samples were tested using mtt ( ... | 2013 | 22301818 |
| optimization and development of antidiabetic phytosomes by box-benhken design. | researchers have extensively reviewed on herbs and natural products for their marked clinical efficacy in some recent years, however maximum of the newly discovered bioactive constituents offer poor bioavailability due to their large size molecules or to their poor miscibility with oils and lipids, thereby limiting their ability to pass across the lipid-rich outer membranes of the enterocytes of the small intestine (mukherjee and wahile, 2006). phytosomes are more bioavailable as compared to her ... | 2017 | 28337938 |
| investigating the effects of citrullus colocynthis pulp on oxidative stress in testes and epididymis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats. | diabetes mellitus is one of the most common metabolic diseases in humans, affecting 100 million people around the world. | 2017 | 28280799 |
| biodiesel production from citrillus colocynthis oil using based catalytic reaction and characterization studies. | in this investigation, an enzyme catalyzed process was optimized to prepare methyl esters from crude citrullus colocynthis oil (cco). novozym 435 was used to synthesize biodiesel by transesterification of cco with methanol. use of tert-butanol as a reaction medium eliminated negative effects caused by excess methanol and formation of glycerol byproduct. several variables affecting the citrullus colocynthis methyl ester (ccme) yield including lipase quantity, water content, methanol/oil mole rati ... | 2017 | 28240158 |
| molecularly imprinted polymer of colocynthin, an effective tool for quality control of citrullus colocynthis extracts. | different parts of colocynth, citrullus colocynthis (l.) schrad., are used in traditional phytotherapy and homeopathy. | 2017 | 28056731 |
| high efficient somatic embryogenesis development from leaf cultures of citrullus colocynthis (l.) schrad for generating true type clones. | we report an efficient somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration system using leaf cultures of citrullus colocynthis (l.) and assessed the effect of plant growth regulators on the regeneration process. initially leaf explants were cultured on murashige and skoog medium supplemented with different concentrations of auxins viz., 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 1-naphthaleneacetic acid, gibberellic acid alone and along with combination of 6-benzylaminopurine. the different forms of calli such as ... | 2016 | 27436919 |
| therapeutic effects of citrullus colocynthis fruit in patients with type ii diabetes: a clinical trial study. | citrullus colocynthis plant was traditionally used for the treatment of diabetes in sabzevar city, iran. this study aimed to investigate the effects of c. colocythis on fasting blood sugar (fbs) and hba1c in patients with type ii diabetes. | 2017 | 27134465 |
| purification and biochemical properties of sds-stable low molecular weight alkaline serine protease from citrullus colocynthis. | a low molecular weight serine protease from seeds of citrullus colocynthis was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity with high level of catalytic efficiency (22,945 m(-1) s(-1)). the enzyme was a monomer with molecular mass of 25 kda estimated by sds-page. the enzyme was highly active over a ph range of 6.5-9.0 and temperature range of 20-80 °c, with maximum activity at ph 7.5 and at 50 °c. the k(m) and k(cat) were 73 μg/ml and 67/s, respectively. the enzyme was strongly inhibited by pmsf, mod ... | 2016 | 26942486 |
| the use of medicinal herbs in gynecological and pregnancy-related disorders by jordanian women: a review of folkloric practice vs. evidence-based pharmacology. | context national statistical reports in jordan indicate a decrease in the total fertility rate along with a parallel increase in contraceptive use. the folkloric use of medicinal herbs in gynecological disorders has been growing in jordan, despite of deficient reports on the evidence-based safety and efficacy of these practices. objective the aim of this comprehensive article is to review medicinal plants with claimed ethnonpharmacological usage in various gynecological and pregnancy-related iss ... | 2016 | 26911517 |
| antimicrobial and toxicological studies on fruit pulp of citrullus colocynthis l. | the methanolic extract of dried fruit pulp of citrullus colocyn this (cucurbitaceae) has been studied with respect to antimicrobial and toxicological properties. the antimicrobial profile was investigated against thirty bacterial isolates (10 gram +ve and 20 gram-ve) and five fungal species. none of the bacterial or fungal culture used in the study showed sensitivity against the extract. acute toxicity studies carried out in albino mice nmri indicated the highly toxic nature of the colocynth. a ... | 2016 | 26826821 |
| effect of-gymnema sylvestre, citrullus colocynthis and artemisia absinthium on blood glucose and lipid profile in diabetic human. | the aim of this study was to manage diabetes with medicinal plants (gymnema sylvestre, artemisia absinthium and citillus colocynthis) in human patients with type ii diabetes. thirty two patients of type ii diabetes from both sexes of 30-60 years age were registered for this study and distributed them into four groups, each having 8 patients. capsules of each, gymnema sylvestre, artemisia absinthium and citrullus colocynthis were given to patients twice a day for 30 days in 1 g per day dosage and ... | 2015 | 26665406 |
| anticonvulsant activity of hydroalcoholic extract of citrullus colocynthis fruit: involvement of benzodiazepine and opioid receptors. | this study investigated the anticonvulsant activity of citrullus colocynthis fruit extract used traditionally in the treatment of convulsion. albino mice were pretreated with extract in different doses (10, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg), prior to injection of pentylenetetrazole. animals received pretreatments with naloxone and flumazenil to further clarify the mechanisms of anticonvulsant action. the total flavonoid content of citrullus colocynthis extract was also determined. citrullus colocynthis hyd ... | 2016 | 26634927 |
| contributions to the study of the ethiopian lepidoptera. i. the genus melittia hübner, 1819 ["1816"] (lepidoptera: sesiidae) with description of a new species. | the genus melittia hübner, 1819 ["1816"] (sesiidae) is reviewed for the country of ethiopia. melittia ambo sp. nov. is described from vicinities of ambo, west shewa zone, oromia. adults, including male and female genitalia, and the larval host plant, citrullus colocynthis (l.) schrad. (cucurbitaceae), are illustrated. additional, melittia pyropis hampson, 1919 is recorded for ethiopia for the first time, and the holotype of m. abyssiniensis hampson, 1919 is illustrated. | 2015 | 26624423 |
| cucurbitacins from the leaves of citrullus colocynthis (l.) schrad. | two new tetracyclic cucurbitane-type triterpene glycosides were isolated from an ethyl acetate extract of citrullus colocynthis leaves together with four known cucurbitacins. their structures were established on the basis of their spectroscopic data (mainly nmr and mass spectrometry). evaluation of the in vitro cytotoxic activity of the isolated compounds against two human colon cancer cell lines (ht29 and caco-2) and one normal rat intestine epithelial cell line (iec6), revealed that one of the ... | 2015 | 26437392 |
| evidences of hepatoprotective and antioxidant effect of citrullus colocynthis fruits in paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity. | the objective of present study was to explore the hepatoprotective and antioxidant profile of citrullus colocynthis fruits. hepatoprotective profile of methanolic extract of citrullus colocynthis fruits (meccf) was investigated on rats, which were made hepatotoxic using paracetamol. the antioxidant profile of meccf was evaluated by conducting catalase, super oxide dismutase, lipid peroxidation and diphenyl picryl hydrazyl tests. during hepatoprotective investigation, the paracetamol treated grou ... | 2015 | 26004728 |
| topical citrullus colocynthis (bitter apple) extract oil in painful diabetic neuropathy: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. | the aim of the present study was to examine the safety and efficacy of a topical formulation of citrullus colocynthis in patients with painful diabetic polyneuropathy (pdpn). | 2016 | 25800045 |
| two new cucurbitane-type triterpenoid saponins isolated from ethyl acetate extract of citrullus colocynthis fruit. | two new cucurbitacins i (1 and 2), together with eight known compounds (3-10), were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the fruit of citrullus colocynthis. compounds 3, 5-9 were isolated from c. colocynthis for the first time. the structures of new compounds were determined primarily from ir, hr-ms, 1d-, and 2d-nmr analysis. | 2015 | 25761128 |
| ethnobotany of medicinal plants in district mastung of balochistan province-pakistan. | the aim of this study was to document the medicinal uses of plants in district mastung of balochistan province, pakistan. the ethnobotanical results contain quantitative information on medicinal plants diversity documented for the first time in the area. | 2014 | 25260579 |
| analysis of the citrullus colocynthis transcriptome during water deficit stress. | citrullus colocynthis is a very drought tolerant species, closely related to watermelon (c. lanatus var. lanatus), an economically important cucurbit crop. drought is a threat to plant growth and development, and the discovery of drought inducible genes with various functions is of great importance. we used high throughput mrna illumina sequencing technology and bioinformatic strategies to analyze the c. colocynthis leaf transcriptome under drought treatment. leaf samples at four different time ... | 2014 | 25118696 |
| biofunctional constituent isolated from citrullus colocynthis fruits and structure-activity relationships of its analogues show acaricidal and insecticidal efficacy. | the acaricidal and insecticidal potential of the active constituent isolated from citrullus colocynthis fruits and its structurally related analogues was evaluated by performing leaf disk, contact toxicity, and fumigant toxicity bioassays against tetranychus urticae, sitophilus oryzae, and sitophilus zeamais adults. the active constituent of c. colocynthis fruits was isolated by chromatographic techniques and was identified as 4-methylquinoline on the basis of spectroscopic analyses. to investig ... | 2014 | 25110971 |
| antioxidant potential and phenolic acid content of certain cucurbitaceous plants cultivated in egypt. | many species belonging to cucurbitaceae family have long been regarded as food, medicinal plants, or both. preliminary phytochemical screening of citrullus colocynthis l., cucumis sativus l. and momordica charantia l. herbs showed the presence of phenolic compounds. quantitative analysis of total phenolic compounds using folin-ciocalteu reagent revealed the presence of 50.87 mg gae g(-1), 56.58 mg gae g(-1) and 42.36 mg gae g(-1) in c. colocynthis l., c. sativus l. and m. charantia l. herbs, res ... | 2010 | 20835955 |
| evaluation of 5α-reductase inhibitory activity of certain herbs useful as antiandrogens. | this study demonstrates 5α-reductase inhibitory activity of certain herbs useful in the management of androgenic disorders. ganoderma lucidum (curtis) p. karst (gl), urtica dioica linn. (ud), caesalpinia bonducella fleming. (cb), tribulus terrestris linn. (tt), pedalium murex linn. (pm), sphaeranthus indicus linn. (si), cuscuta reflexa roxb. (cr), citrullus colocynthis schrad. (cc), benincasa hispida cogn. (bh), phyllanthus niruri linn. (pn) and echinops echinatus linn. (ee) were included in the ... | 2014 | 23710567 |
| biodiesel from citrullus colocynthis oil: sulfonic-ionic liquid-catalyzed esterification of a two-step process. | biodiesel was prepared from citrullus colocynthis oil (cco) via a two-step process. the first esterification step was explored in two ionic liquids (ils) with 1,3-disulfonic acid imidazolium hydrogen sulfate (dsimhso4) and 3-methyl-1-sulfonic acid imidazolium hydrogen sulfate (msimhso4). both ils appeared to be good candidates to replace hazardous acidic catalyst due to their exceptional properties. however, the two sulfonic chains existing in dsimhso4 were found to increase the acidity to the i ... | 2014 | 24987736 |
| citrullus colocynthis nac transcription factors ccnac1 and ccnac2 are involved in light and auxin signaling. | two novel nac transcription factors from c itrullus colocynthis implicated in light and auxin signaling pathway. nac transcription factors (nam, ataf1, 2, cuc2) have multiple functions in plant growth and development. two nacs, ccnac1 and ccnac2, were recently identified in the highly drought-tolerant cucurbit species, citrullus colocynthis. this study examines the functional role of these genes under different qualities of light based on the in silico analysis of the ccnac1 and ccnac2 promoters ... | 2014 | 24972826 |
| phytotherapy of hypertension and diabetes in oriental morocco. | in order to select the main medicinal plants used in folk medicine to treat arterial hypertension and/or diabetes, a survey was undertaken in different areas of oriental morocco. the patients (370 women and 256 men) were divided into three groups: diabetics (61%), hypertensives (23%) and hypertensive diabetic persons (16%). on average, 67.51% of patients regularly use medicinal plants. this proportion is perceptibly the same in all groups and does not depend on sex, age and socio-cultural level. ... | 1997 | 9324004 |
| categorization of cathartic (purgative) medicines mentioned in tpm resources according to their specific function. | according to traditional persian medicine (tpm) resources, the human digestive system includes four steps. in the first step, gastric digestion, the ingested food pours into the stomach and changes into the leachate called chylous due to the heat produced in the stomach. in the second step, hepatic digestion, the chylous enters in the liver through mesenteric vessels and transforms into the quadruple humors, sanguine, phlegm, bile and black bile due to the liver heat. in the case of humor predom ... | 2016 | 27840491 |
| anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of tunisian citrullus colocynthis schrad. immature fruit and seed organic extracts. | inflammations and immune-related diseases including rheumatoid arthritis are widespread in the entire globe. the treatment of these illnesses is mainly based on the use of synthetic and biotechnological drugs, in recent years. tunisian traditional medicine is a potential source of new remedies namely citrullus colocynthis schrad. (cucurbitaceae): endemic in southern tunisia and used in folk medicine to treat many inflammation disorders. our goal was to assess the in vivo analgesic and anti-infla ... | 2011 | 21796871 |
| antioxidant and free radical scavenging potential of citrullus colocynthis (l.) schrad. methanolic fruit extract. | citrullus colocynthis (l.) schrad. (cucurbitaceae) is a medicinal plant traditionally used as an abortifacient and to treat constipation, oedema, bacterial infections, cancer and diabetes. preliminary phytochemical screening of the plant showed the presence of large amounts of phenolics and flavonoids. subsequent quantification showed the presence of 0.74% (m/m) phenolics (calculated as gallic acid) and 0.13% (m/m) flavonoids calculated as catechin equivalents per 100 g of fresh mass. the presen ... | 2008 | 18515231 |
| acc synthase genes are polymorphic in watermelon (citrullus spp.) and differentially expressed in flowers and in response to auxin and gibberellin. | the flowering pattern of watermelon species (citrullus spp.) is either monoecious or andromonoecious. ethylene is known to play a critical role in floral sex determination of cucurbit species. in contrast to its feminizing effect in cucumber and melon, in watermelon ethylene promotes male flower development. in cucumber, the rate-limiting enzyme of ethylene biosynthesis, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (acc) synthase (acs), regulates unisexual flower development. to investigate the role of eth ... | 2008 | 18367517 |
| the cucurbits of mediterranean antiquity: identification of taxa from ancient images and descriptions. | a critical analysis was made of cucurbit descriptions in dioscorides' de materia medica, columella's de re rustica and pliny's historia naturalis, works on medicine, agriculture and natural science of the 1st century ce, as well as the mishna and tosefta, compilations of rabbinic law derived from the same time period together with cucurbit images dating from antiquity including paintings, mosaics and sculpture. the goal was to identify taxonomically the mediterranean cucurbits at the time of the ... | 2007 | 17932073 |
| larvicidal, ovicidal and repellent activities of the leaf extract of two cucurbitacious plants against filarial vector culex quinquefasciatus (say) (diptera : culicidae). | the leaf extract of two cucurbitacious plants citrullus colocynthis and cucurbita maxima with different solvents viz., benzene, ethylacetate, petroleum ether and methanol were tested for larvicidal, ovicidal and repellent activities against the mosquito culex quinquefasciatus. larval mortality was observed and recorded after 24 h exposure period. the lc50 values of c. colocynthis were 61.72, 47.58, 66.92 and 118.74 ppm respectively. c. maxima shows the lc50 values of 123.02, 75.91, 117.73 and 17 ... | 2007 | 17568371 |
| citrullus colocynthis (l.) schrad (bitter apple fruit): a review of its phytochemistry, pharmacology, traditional uses and nutritional potential. | citrullus colocynthis (l.) schrad is a valuable cucurbit plant, widely distributed in the desert areas of the world. citrullus colocynthis fruits are usually recognized for its wide range of medicinal uses as well as pharmaceutical and nutraceutical potential. this review aims to appraise the published information on the ethnobotanical knowledge, phytochemistry, ethnopharmacology, nutraceutical potential and safety studies of citrullus colocynthis (bitter apple) fruit, with critical analysis on ... | 2014 | 24936768 |
| understanding invasion history and predicting invasive niches using genetic sequencing technology in australia: case studies from cucurbitaceae and boraginaceae. | part of the challenge in dealing with invasive plant species is that they seldom represent a uniform, static entity. often, an accurate understanding of the history of plant introduction and knowledge of the real levels of genetic diversity present in species and populations of importance is lacking. currently, the role of genetic diversity in promoting the successful establishment of invasive plants is not well defined. genetic profiling of invasive plants should enhance our understanding of th ... | 2016 | 27766152 |
| categorization of cathartic (purgative) medicines mentioned in tpm resources according to their specific function. | according to traditional persian medicine (tpm) resources, the human digestive system includes four steps. in the first step, gastric digestion, the ingested food pours into the stomach and changes into the leachate called chylous due to the heat produced in the stomach. in the second step, hepatic digestion, the chylous enters in the liver through mesenteric vessels and transforms into the quadruple humors, sanguine, phlegm, bile and black bile due to the liver heat. in the case of humor predom ... | 2016 | 27516658 |