| akkermansia muciniphila gen. nov., sp. nov., a human intestinal mucin-degrading bacterium. | the diversity of mucin-degrading bacteria in the human intestine was investigated by combining culture and 16s rrna-dependent approaches. a dominant bacterium, strain muct, was isolated by dilution to extinction of faeces in anaerobic medium containing gastric mucin as the sole carbon and nitrogen source. a pure culture was obtained using the anaerobic soft agar technique. strain muct was a gram-negative, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming, oval-shaped bacterium that could grow si ... | 2004 | 15388697 |
| rubritalea marina gen. nov., sp. nov., a marine representative of the phylum 'verrucomicrobia', isolated from a sponge (porifera). | a marine bacterium, strain pol012(t), was isolated from the mediterranean sponge axinella polypoides and subsequently characterized as belonging to subphylum 1 of the phylum 'verrucomicrobia'. strain pol012(t) was non-motile, gram-negative, coccoid or rod-shaped and red in colour. the menaquinones mk-8 and mk-9 were detected. the g+c content of the genomic dna was 50.9 mol%. growth was possible at temperatures between 8 and 30 degrees c and at ph values between 6.8 and 8.2. the closest cultured ... | 2006 | 16957108 |
| intestinal integrity and akkermansia muciniphila, a mucin-degrading member of the intestinal microbiota present in infants, adults, and the elderly. | fluorescence in situ hybridization and real-time pcr analysis targeting the 16s rrna gene of akkermansia muciniphila were performed to determine its presence in the human intestinal tract. these techniques revealed that an a. muciniphila-like bacterium is a common member of the human intestinal tract and that its colonization starts in early life and develops within a year to a level close to that observed in adults (10(8) cells/g) but decreases (p < 0.05) in the elderly. | 2007 | 17933936 |
| the mucin degrader akkermansia muciniphila is an abundant resident of the human intestinal tract. | a 16s rrna-targeted probe, muc-1437, was designed and validated in order to determine the presence and numbers of cells of akkermansia muciniphila, a mucin degrader, in the human intestinal tract. as determined by fluorescent in situ hybridization, a. muciniphila accounted more than 1% of the total fecal cells and was shown to be a common bacterial component of the human intestinal tract. | 2008 | 18083887 |
| response of gut microbiota to fasting and hibernation in syrian hamsters. | although hibernating mammals wake occasionally to eat during torpor, this period represents a state of fasting. fasting is known to alter the gut microbiota in nonhibernating mammals; therefore, hibernation may also affect the gut microbiota. however, there are few reports of gut microbiota in hibernating mammals. the present study aimed to compare the gut microbiota in hibernating torpid syrian hamsters with that in active counterparts by using culture-independent analyses. hamsters were alloca ... | 2009 | 19700553 |
| comparison of gut microbiota and allergic reactions in balb/c mice fed different cultivars of rice. | our preliminary clinical trial showed that consumption of cooked rice of a japanese common cultivar yukihikari improved atopic dermatitis associated with a suspected rice allergy, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. we hypothesised that the ameliorating effect of yukihikari on atopic dermatitis is associated with the gut microbiota. balb/c mice were fed a synthetic diet supplemented with uncooked and polished white rice powder prepared from one of four different cultivars: yukihik ... | 2010 | 19772680 |
| acute appendicitis is characterised by local invasion with fusobacterium nucleatum/necrophorum. | acute appendicitis is a local intestinal inflammation with unclear origin. the aim was to test whether bacteria in appendicitis differ in composition to bacteria found in caecal biopsies from healthy and disease controls. | 2011 | 19926616 |
| gut microbiota composition is associated with body weight, weight gain and biochemical parameters in pregnant women. | obesity is associated with complications during pregnancy and increased health risks in the newborn. the objective of the present study was to establish possible relationships between gut microbiota, body weight, weight gain and biochemical parameters in pregnant women. fifty pregnant women were classified according to their bmi in normal-weight (n 34) and overweight (n 16) groups. gut microbiota composition was analysed by quantitative real-time pcr in faeces and biochemical parameters in plasm ... | 2010 | 20205964 |
| postprandial remodeling of the gut microbiota in burmese pythons. | the vertebrate gut microbiota evolved in an environment typified by periodic fluctuations in nutrient availability, yet little is known about its responses to host feeding and fasting. as many model species (for example, mice) are adapted to lifestyles of frequent small meals, we turned to the burmese python, a sit-and-wait foraging snake that consumes large prey at long intervals (>1 month), to examine the effects of a dynamic nutrient milieu on the gut microbiota. we used multiplexed 16s rrna ... | 2010 | 20520652 |
| microbial community development in a dynamic gut model is reproducible, colon region specific, and selective for bacteroidetes and clostridium cluster ix. | dynamic, multicompartment in vitro gastrointestinal simulators are often used to monitor gut microbial dynamics and activity. these reactors need to harbor a microbial community that is stable upon inoculation, colon region specific, and relevant to in vivo conditions. together with the reproducibility of the colonization process, these criteria are often overlooked when the modulatory properties from different treatments are compared. we therefore investigated the microbial colonization process ... | 2010 | 20562281 |
| mucolytic bacteria with increased prevalence in ibd mucosa augment in vitro utilization of mucin by other bacteria. | mucosa-associated bacteria are increased in inflammatory bowel disease (ibd), which suggests the possibility of an increased source of digestible endogenous mucus substrate. we hypothesized that mucolytic bacteria are increased in ibd, providing increased substrate to sustain nonmucolytic mucosa-associated bacteria. | 2010 | 20648002 |
| effect of mother's weight on infant's microbiota acquisition, composition, and activity during early infancy: a prospective follow-up study initiated in early pregnancy. | it has been reported that deviations in gut microbiota composition may predispose toward obesity, and specific groups of commensal gut bacteria may harvest energy from food more efficiently than others. alterations in microbiota compositions of mothers may be transferred to infants and lead to an increased risk of overweight. | 2010 | 20844065 |
| mucin-bacterial interactions in the human oral cavity and digestive tract. | mucins are a family of heavily glycosylated proteins that are the major organic components of the mucus layer, the protective layer covering the epithelial cells in many human and animal organs, including the entire gastro-intestinal tract. microbes that can associate with mucins benefit from this interaction since they can get available nutrients, experience physico-chemical protection and adhere, resulting in increased residence time. mucin-degrading microorganisms, which often are found in co ... | 2010 | 21327032 |
| the genome of akkermansia muciniphila, a dedicated intestinal mucin degrader, and its use in exploring intestinal metagenomes. | the human gastrointestinal tract contains a complex community of microbes, fulfilling important health-promoting functions. however, this vast complexity of species hampers the assignment of responsible organisms to these functions. recently, akkermansia muciniphila, a new species from the deeply branched phylum verrucomicrobia, was isolated from the human intestinal tract based on its capacity to efficiently use mucus as a carbon and nitrogen source. this anaerobic resident is associated with t ... | 2011 | 21390229 |
| the relative abundance of the mucolytic bacterium akkermansia muciniphila and bifidobacterium spp. is lower in feces of children with autism. | gastrointestinal disturbance is frequently reported in autism. we used quantitative real-time pcr to quantify fecal bacteria that could influence gastrointestinal health in children with and without autism. lower relative abundances of bifidobacteria and the mucolytic bacterium akkermansia muciniphila were found in children with autism, the latter suggesting mucus barrier changes. | 2011 | 21784919 |
| arabinoxylans and inulin differentially modulate the mucosal and luminal gut microbiota and mucin-degradation in humanized rats. | the endogenous gut microbiota affects the host in many ways. prebiotics should favour beneficial intestinal microbes and thus improve host health. in this study, we investigated how a novel class of potential prebiotic long-chain arabinoxylans (lc-ax) and the well-established prebiotic inulin (in) modulate the gut microbiota of humanized rats. six weeks after axenic rats were inoculated with a human faecal microbiota, their colonic microbiota was similar to this inoculum (∼ 70%), whereas their c ... | 2011 | 21883787 |
| modulation of mucosal immune response, tolerance, and proliferation in mice colonized by the mucin-degrader akkermansia muciniphila. | epithelial cells of the mammalian intestine are covered with a mucus layer that prevents direct contact with intestinal microbes but also constitutes a substrate for mucus-degrading bacteria. to study the effect of mucus degradation on the host response, germ-free mice were colonized with akkermansia muciniphila. this anaerobic bacterium belonging to the verrucomicrobia is specialized in the degradation of mucin, the glycoprotein present in mucus, and found in high numbers in the intestinal trac ... | 2011 | 21904534 |
| The impact of perinatal probiotic intervention on gut microbiota: Double-blind placebo-controlled trials in Finland and Germany. | Specific probiotic combinations during early feeding, via the mother or incorporated in early formula-feeding, mold the intestinal microbiota composition in infants. The objective was to analyze the impact of probiotic administration to mother or infant on gut microbiota composition in 6-month-old Finnish and German infants. In Finland probiotics were given to mothers (n = 79) for 2 months prior to and 2 months after delivery. In Germany probiotics were started in infants (n = 81) at weaning, at ... | 2011 | 21979491 |