| the life-cycle of rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides haemaphysaloides under laboratory conditions. | | 1981 | 7344117 |
| ticks (acari: ixodidae) parasitizing wild carnivores in phu khieo wildlife sanctuary, thailand. | ixodid ticks were collected and identified from 8 wild carnivore species in phu khieo wildlife sanctuary, northeastern thailand. six tick species belonging to 4 genera were recovered and identified from 132 individuals. these included amblyomma testudinarium (n = 36), haemaphysalis asiatica (n = 58), h. hystricis (n = 31), h. semermis (n = 3), rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides (n = 3), and ixodes granulatus (n = 1). leopard cats (prionailurus bengalensis) (n = 19) were infested with 4 tick species, ... | 2004 | 15270119 |
| molecular detection and characterization of spotted fever group rickettsiae in taiwan. | rickettsioses are emerging infectious diseases caused by rickettsiae in association with arthropods. we report the detection of spotted fever group rickettsiae (sfgr) in taiwan using molecular methods. phylogenetic analyses of the 17-kd protein and citrate synthase (glta) genes showed that sfgr twkm01 detected in rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides ticks was most similar to rickettsia rhipicephali. three twkm01 isolates were obtained from three individual r. haemaphysaloides ticks. small, intracellul ... | 2007 | 17984347 |
| anaplasma phagocytophilum and anaplasma marginale elicit different gene expression responses in cultured tick cells. | the genus anaplasma (rickettsiales: anaplasmataceae) includes obligate tick-transmitted intracellular organisms, anaplasma phagocytophilum and anaplasma marginale that multiply in both vertebrate and tick host cells. recently, we showed that a. marginale affects the expression of tick genes that are involved in tick survival and pathogen infection and multiplication. however, the gene expression profile in a. phagocytophilum-infected tick cells is currently poorly characterized. the objectives o ... | 2009 | 19636428 |
| the expression of genes coding for distinct types of glycine-rich proteins varies according to the biology of three metastriate ticks, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, rhipicephalus sanguineus and amblyomma cajennense. | ticks secrete a cement cone composed of many salivary proteins, some of which are rich in the amino acid glycine in order to attach to their hosts' skin. glycine-rich proteins (grps) are a large family of heterogeneous proteins that have different functions and features; noteworthy are their adhesive and tensile characteristics. these properties may be essential for successful attachment of the metastriate ticks to the host and the prolonged feeding necessary for engorgement. in this work, we an ... | 2010 | 20529354 |
| identification of a cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptide from salivary glands of the tick rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides. | the presence of an effective immune response in the hemocoel of ticks is crucial for survival, as it prevents the invasion of pathogens throughout the animal's body. antimicrobial peptides (amps) play an important role in this response by rapidly killing invading microorganisms. in this study, a subtraction hybridization cdna library was constructed from the salivary glands of the unfed and fed female tick rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides, and a novel cysteine-rich amp designated rhamp (r. haemaph ... | 2010 | 21168461 |
| identification of rickettsia felis in fleas but not ticks on stray cats and dogs and the evidence of rickettsia rhipicephali only in adult stage of rhipicephalus sanguineus and rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides. | rickettsia spp. are zoonotic pathogens and mainly transmitted by various arthropod vectors, such as fleas, ticks, and lice. previous epidemiological studies indicated that ectoparasites infested on dogs or cats may be infected by rickettsia spp., and transmit them to human beings accidentally. in this study, the prevalence of rickettsia infection was evaluated using fleas and ticks from stray dogs and cats in taiwan. a total of 158 pools made by 451 cat fleas (ctenocephalides felis) from 37 dogs ... | 2011 | 22000945 |
| tick salivary secretion as a source of antihemostatics. | ticks are mostly obligatory blood feeding ectoparasites that have an impact on human and animal health. in addition to direct damage due to feeding, some tick species serve as the vectors for the causative agents of several diseases, such as the spirochetes of the genus borrelia causing lyme disease, the virus of tick-borne encephalitis, various rickettsial pathogens or even protozoan parasites like babesia spp. hard ticks are unique among bloodfeeders because of their prolonged feeding period t ... | 2012 | 22564820 |
| a 24-48 h fed amblyomma americanum tick saliva immuno-proteome. | multiple tick saliva proteins, the majority of which are unknown, confer tick resistance in repeatedly infested animals. the objective of this study was to identify the 24-48 h fed amblyomma americanum tick saliva immuno-proteome. the 24-48 h tick-feeding phase is critical to tick parasitism as it precedes important events in tick biology, blood meal feeding and disease agent transmission. fed male, 24 and 96 h fed female phage display cdna expression libraries were biopanned using rabbit antibo ... | 2014 | 24962723 |
| conserved amblyomma americanum tick serpin19, an inhibitor of blood clotting factors xa and xia, trypsin and plasmin, has anti-haemostatic functions. | tick saliva serine protease inhibitors (serpins) facilitate tick blood meal feeding through inhibition of protease mediators of host defense pathways. we previously identified a highly conserved amblyomma americanum serpin 19 that is characterised by its reactive center loop being 100% conserved in ixodid ticks. in this study, biochemical characterisation reveals that the ubiquitously transcribed a. americanum serpin 19 is an anti-coagulant protein, inhibiting the activity of five of the eight s ... | 2015 | 25957161 |
| the salivary secretome of the biting midge, culicoides sonorensis. | culicoides biting midges (diptera: ceratopogonidae) are hematophagous insects with over 1400 species distributed throughout the world. many of these species are of particular agricultural importance as primary vectors of bluetongue and schmallenberg viruses, yet little is known about culicoides genomics and proteomics. detailed studies of members from other blood-feeding dipteran families, including those of mosquito (culicidae) and black fly (simuliidae), have shown that protein components with ... | 2014 | 24949243 |
| a blood meal-induced ixodes scapularis tick saliva serpin inhibits trypsin and thrombin, and interferes with platelet aggregation and blood clotting. | ixodes scapularis is a medically important tick species that transmits causative agents of important human tick-borne diseases including borreliosis, anaplasmosis and babesiosis. an understanding of how this tick feeds is needed prior to the development of novel methods to protect the human population against tick-borne disease infections. this study characterizes a blood meal-induced i. scapularis (ixsc) tick saliva serine protease inhibitor (serpin (s)), in-house referred to as ixscs-1e1. the ... | 2014 | 24583183 |
| update on tick-borne rickettsioses around the world: a geographic approach. | tick-borne rickettsioses are caused by obligate intracellular bacteria belonging to the spotted fever group of the genus rickettsia. these zoonoses are among the oldest known vector-borne diseases. however, in the past 25 years, the scope and importance of the recognized tick-associated rickettsial pathogens have increased dramatically, making this complex of diseases an ideal paradigm for the understanding of emerging and reemerging infections. several species of tick-borne rickettsiae that wer ... | 0 | 24092850 |
| detection of spotted fever group rickettsiae in ticks from zhejiang province, china. | tick species distribution and prevalence of spotted fever group rickettsiae (sfgr) in ticks were investigated in zhejiang province, china in 2010 and 2011. pcr was used to detect sfgr and positive amplicons were sequenced, compared to published sequences and phylogenic analysis was performed using mega 4.0. a total of 292 adult ticks of ten species were captured and 7.5 % (22/292) of the ticks were pcr-positive for sfg rickettsia. the pcr-positive rates were 5.5 % (6/110) for haemaphysalis longi ... | 2015 | 25633265 |
| lipopolysaccharide-induced differential expression of mirnas in male and female rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides ticks. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) stimulates the innate immune response in arthropods. in tick vectors, lps activates expression of immune genes, including those for antibacterial peptides. mirnas are 21-24 nt non-coding small rnas that regulate target mrnas at the post-transcriptional level. however, our understanding of tick innate immunity is limited to a few cellular immune reactions and some characterized immune molecules. moreover, there is little information on the regulation of the immune system ... | 2015 | 26430879 |
| prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ticks from eastern china. | to explore the tick distribution and prevalence of borrelia in zhejiang province, we performed a survey in nine sites. a total of 447 adult ticks of 11 species were captured and the dominant tick species were haemaphysalis longicornis and ixodes sinensis and the abundance of tick species in different areas varied significantly. overall, 4.70% of the ticks were polymerase chain reaction (pcr) positive for borrelia. the average pcr positive rates were 5.19% for h. longicornis, 3.45% for amblyomma ... | 2015 | 25548382 |
| prevalence of antibodies against ehrlichia spp. and orientia tsutsugamushi in small mammals around harbors in taiwan. | tick-borne ehrlichiosis and mite-borne scrub typhus represent important emerging zoonotic rickettsial diseases. although scrub typhus has been recognized by the taiwanese public health system, information on ehrlichial infections is scarce in taiwan. in this study, the risk of spread of ectoparasites on rodents through aerial and marine transportation was assessed in international and domestic harbors. here, we report the first systematic surveillance of seroprevalence against ehrlichia spp. in ... | 2016 | 26817445 |
| differential sialotranscriptomes of unfed and fed rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides, with particular regard to differentially expressed genes of cysteine proteases. | rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides, a hard tick, is a common ectoparasite and can be found in many countries. it is recognized as the primary vector of bovine babesiosis in the south of china. during blood feeding, the tick's salivary glands secret numerous essential multifunctional proteins. in this study, a r. haemaphysaloides salivary gland transcriptome was described following the production and analysis of the transcripts from the two cdna libraries of unfed and fed female ticks. the study focu ... | 2015 | 26577685 |
| functional characterization of a cystatin from the tick rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides. | ticks and tick-borne diseases affect animal and human health worldwide and cause significant economic losses in the animal industry. functional molecular research is important to understand the biological characteristics of ticks at the molecular level. enzymes and enzyme inhibitory molecules play very important roles in tick physiology, and the cystatins are tight-binding inhibitors of papain-like cysteine proteases. to this end, a novel cystatin, designated rhcyst-1, was isolated from the tick ... | 2015 | 25889816 |
| experimental strategies for the identification and characterization of adhesive proteins in animals: a review. | adhesive secretions occur in both aquatic and terrestrial animals, in which they perform diverse functions. biological adhesives can therefore be remarkably complex and involve a large range of components with different functions and interactions. however, being mainly protein based, biological adhesives can be characterized by classical molecular methods. this review compiles experimental strategies that were successfully used to identify, characterize and obtain the full-length sequence of adh ... | 0 | 25657842 |
| identification of two novel hsp90 proteins in babesia orientalis: molecular characterization, and computational analyses of their structure, function, antigenicity and inhibitor interaction. | hsp90 protects the cells from heat stress and facilitates protein maturation and stability. the full genome sequences of piroplasms contain two putative hsp90 proteins, which are yet uncharacterized. to this end, the two putative hsp90 proteins of babesia orientalis were identified and characterized by molecular and in silico methods. | 2014 | 24970594 |
| understanding the evolutionary structural variability and target specificity of tick salivary kunitz peptides using next generation transcriptome data. | ticks are blood-sucking arthropods and a primary function of tick salivary proteins is to counteract the host's immune response. tick salivary kunitz-domain proteins perform multiple functions within the feeding lesion and have been classified as venoms; thereby, constituting them as one of the important elements in the arms race with the host. the two main mechanisms advocated to explain the functional heterogeneity of tick salivary kunitz-domain proteins are gene sharing and gene duplication. ... | 2014 | 24397261 |
| severe tick infestation in a hare and potential risk for transmitting pathogens to humans. | severe tick infestation was found in a hare in a suburban area of nanchang, jiangxi province, china. we sampled ticks and identified them based on their morphologic characteristics. three species, ixodes sinensis, which is commonly found in china and can experimentally transmit borrelia burgdorferi, rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides, and haemaphysalis longicornis which can transmit lyme disease were detected with an optical microscope and a stereomicroscope. risk of spreading ticks from suburban to ... | 2011 | 22355211 |
| Rickettsia honei infection in human, Nepal, 2009. | We report a case of Rickettsia honei infection in a human in Nepal. The patient had severe illness and many clinical features typical of Flinders Island spotted fever. Diagnosis was confirmed by indirect immunofluorescent assay with serum and molecular biological techniques. Flinders Island spotted fever may be an endemic rickettsiosis in Nepal. | 2011 | 22000356 |
| functional analysis of a novel cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptide from the salivary glands of the tick rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides. | ticks encounter various microbes while sucking blood from an infected host and carrying these pathogens in themselves. ticks can then transmit these pathogens to vertebrate hosts. the immune system of ticks can be stimulated to produce many bioactive molecules during feeding and pathogen invasion. antimicrobial peptides (amps) are key effector molecules of a tick's immune response, as they can kill invading pathogenic microorganisms. in this study, we identified a novel cysteine-rich amp, design ... | 2015 | 26152423 |
| identification of potential hosts and vectors of scrub typhus and tick-borne spotted fever group rickettsiae in eastern taiwan. | scrub typhus and tick-borne spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsioses are transmitted by chiggers (larval trombiculid mites) and hard ticks, respectively. we assessed exposure to these disease vectors by extensively sampling both chiggers and ticks and their small mammal hosts in eastern taiwan during 2007 and 2008. the striped field mouse apodemus agrarius pallas (rodentia: muridae) was the most common of the small mammals (36.1% of 1393 captures) and presented the highest rate of infestation wit ... | 2011 | 21223345 |
| characterization of the anticoagulant protein rhipilin-1 from the rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides tick. | to understand the molecular mechanism of tick blood feeding, an anticoagulant protein, rhipilin-1, was identified in the tick rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides. the cdna sequence of rhipilin-1 is 620bp, and it encodes a deduced 164 amino acid protein with a size of 18kda. bioinformatic analysis shows that rhipilin-1 belongs to the kunitz-type family of inhibitors, containing one kunitz domain with high homology to the tissue factor pathway inhibitor (tfpi). the recombinant protein expressed in esch ... | 2010 | 21147114 |
| an insight into the sialotranscriptome of the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus. | rhipicephalus sanguineus, known as the brown dog tick, is a common ectoparasite of domestic dogs and can be found worldwide. r.sanguineus is recognized as the primary vector of the etiological agent of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis and canine babesiosis. here we present the first description of a r. sanguineus salivary gland transcriptome by the production and analysis of 2,034 expressed sequence tags (est) from two cdna libraries, one consctructed using mrna from dissected salivary glands from ... | 2010 | 20650005 |
| identification of a novel babesia sp. from a sable antelope (hippotragus niger harris, 1838). | babesiosis in a sable antelope (hippotragus niger harris, 1838) was first reported in 1930; the parasite was named babesia irvinesmithi. recently, specimens from an adult sable that presented with a sudden onset of disease and that subsequently died during immobilization were submitted for molecular characterization. microscopic examination of thin blood smears revealed the presence of small piroplasms. dna was extracted from blood samples; the v4 variable region of the 18s rrna gene was amplifi ... | 2008 | 18508943 |
| the immunomodulatory protein rh36 is relating to blood-feeding success and oviposition in hard ticks. | an immunomodulatory protein designated rh36 was identified in the tick rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides. the cdna sequence of rh36 has 844bp and encodes a deduced protein with a predicted molecular weight of 24kda. bioinformatics analysis indicated that rh36 presented a degree of similarity of 34.36% with the immunomodulatory protein p36 from the tick dermacentor andersoni. the recombinant rh36 (rrh36) expressed in sf9 insect cells suppressed the t-lymphocyte mitogen-driven in vitro proliferation ... | 2017 | 28449954 |
| the tick fauna of sulawesi, indonesia (acari: ixodoidea: argasidae and ixodidae). | twenty-six species of ticks are reported from the island of sulawesi (celebes), indonesia. these include two species of soft ticks (argasidae), carios batuensis and c. vespertilionis, and the following 24 species of hard ticks (ixodidae): amblyomma babirussae, a. breviscutatum, a. cordiferum, a. fimbriatum, a. helvolum, a. testudinarium, a. trimaculatum, a. varanense, dermacentor atrosignatus, d. steini, haemaphysalis celebensis, h. hystricis, h. kadarsani, h. papuana, h. psalistos, h. renschi, ... | 2008 | 18427937 |
| cathepsin l and cystatin b gene expression discriminates immune coelomic cells in the leech theromyzon tessulatum. | previous studies evidenced that cystatin b-like gene is specifically expressed and induced in large circulating coelomic cells following bacterial challenge in the leech theromyzon tessulatum. in order to understand the role of that cysteine proteinase inhibitor during immune response, we investigated the existence of members of cathepsin family. we cloned a cathepsin l-like gene and studied its tissue distribution. immunohistochemical studies using anti-cathepsin l and anti-cystatin b antibodie ... | 2008 | 18177937 |
| semi-nested pcr detection of babesia orientalis in its natural hosts rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides and buffalo. | babesiosis has recently been recognized as an emerging infectious disease of buffalo in china. in order to investigate the epidemiology and enzootic potential of this parasite in hubei province, we sought to develop a semi-nested pcr to detect babesia orientalis in buffalo and the potential tick vector-rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides by amplifying a specific 257bp fragment of b. orientalis 18s rrna gene. the practical limit of detection showed that it had high sensitivity and an approximate paras ... | 2007 | 17005323 |
| identification of a glycine-rich protein from the tick rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides and evaluation of its vaccine potential against tick feeding. | a cdna coding a glycine-rich protein was identified from the rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides tick. the cdna named here as rh50 was 1,823 bp, including a single open reading frame (orf) of 1,518 nucleotides. the orf encodes a polypeptide of 506 amino acid residues with a size of 50 kda, as calculated by a computer. the predicted amino acid sequence of rh50 showed a low homology to sequences of some known extracellular matrix-like proteins. the native protein was identified in both the fed tick sal ... | 2006 | 16802136 |
| [molecular cloning of two rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides haemaphysaloides cathepsin l-like cysteine proteinase gene]. | ticks are obligate ectoparasites and vectors of arboviruses, vickettsiate, spirochetes and parasitil protozoa of humans and domestic animals. immunological protection of mammalian hosts against tick infestation has been proposed as the most sustainable alternative tick control method to the current use of acaricides. the success of this method is dependent on the identification of key molecules for use as tick vaccine antigens. proteolytic enzymes are involved in a wide range of cellular process ... | 2004 | 15969109 |
| isolation and characterization of two novel serpins from the tick rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides. | two novel serpins with anti-chymotrypsin activity, rhs-1 and rhs-2, were identified in the tick rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides. the complementary cdna sequence of rhs-1 was 1286 base pairs (bp) and encoded a deduced 403-amino acid protein with a signal peptide, whereas that of rhs-2 was 1682bp and encoded a deduced 380-amino acid protein with no signal peptide. although both rhs-1 and rhs-2 exhibited high sequence similarities to known serpins from other ticks, the level of similarity at the ami ... | 2013 | 23601911 |
| human otoacariasis: a retrospective study from an area of sri lanka. | intra-aural ticks were present in 870 (15.2%) of 5714 patients who reported with ear-related complaints to the ear, nose and throat ward at ratnapura hospital, sabaragamuwa province, sri lanka, from january 2000 to december 2001. a retrospective study of 383 of these otoacariasis cases showed that the majority (70.8%) of surgically-removed ticks were nymphal amblyomma integrum, together with nymphal and adult rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides, r. sanguineus, hyalomma brevipunctata, h. marginatum, a ... | 2004 | 15186938 |
| seasonal activity of ticks on small ruminants in tamil nadu state, india. | the seasonal activity of ticks on sheep and goat populations was examined from december 2000 to november 2001 in the state of tamil nadu, india. this longitudinal study spread over four seasons and seven agroclimatic zones took into consideration the spectrum of species involved, the levels of infestations, the seasonal epidemiology of ticks and the associated management practices. the most common species of tick spread throughout the state was haemaphysalis bispinosa followed by rhipicephalus h ... | 2004 | 14998311 |
| babesiasis in nanjing area, china. | this article discusses the tick-borne babesiases which harm dairy cattle, buffaloes and dogs. in addition, the pathogen, vector, seasonal occurrence, hosts, symptoms, pathological changes and treatment are summarized and analysed. the pathogens in this area were identified as babesia bigemina, b. bovis and b. gibsoni; the vectors as boophilus microplus, rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides, haemaphysalis longicornis. affected buffaloes were found from april to september, peak numbers occurred between ... | 1997 | 9512739 |
| babesiosis in china. | the importance of babesiosis in livestock in china is discussed and mainly focused on bovine and equine babesiosis. babesiosis is still one of the most important diseases affecting livestock and has caused great economic loss. nine species of babesia have been recognized in livestock: b. bigemina, b. bovis, b. major, b. motasi, b. ovis, b. perroncitoi, b. trautmanni, b. equi (theileria equi), b. caballi. the distribution of babesia follows the distribution of the tick vectors. the main vectors o ... | 1997 | 9512738 |
| attempts to transmit theileria ovis through the ticks haemaphysalis bispinosa and rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides. | | 1980 | 7189305 |
| ticks parasitising the indian buffalo (bubalus bubalis) and their possible role in disease transmission. | a total of 13 ixodid tick species, boophilus microplus, haemaphysalis bispinosa, haemaphysalis cornupunctata, haemaphysalis himalaya, heamaphysalis montgomeryi, hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum, hyalomma dromedarii, hyalomma marginatum isaaci, hyalomma (hyalommina) brevipunctata, hyalomma (hyalommina) hussaini, nosomma monstrosum, rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides, and r. turanicus were collected off 424 buffaloes from the northwestern states of india. ten tick species, amblyomma testudinarium, b. mi ... | 1988 | 3369083 |
| transstadial transmission of theileria annulata through common ixodid ticks infesting indian cattle. | transstadial transmission of theileria annulata with hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum, h. dromedarii and h. marginatum isaaci, and haemaphysalis bispinosa, rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides haemaphysaloides and boophilus microplus was determined. it was found that the infection was successfully transmitted by h. a. anatolicum from larva to nymph and nymph to adult in all attempts. when larvae were fed on an infected calf the succeeding adults transmitted the infection when the intervening nymphs fed ... | 1975 | 1178216 |
| transmission of kyasanur forest disease virus by rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides ticks. | larvae of rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides were infected with kaysanur forest disease (kfd) virus by feeding on viraemic rodents and reared into next generation larvae. fed larvae, nymphs, unfed adults, fed adult males, and females after oviposition were found infected, while the larvae were found free from infection. nymphs and adults transmitted the infection by bite to rodents and rabbits respectively. the virus was also passed through a second rodent-tick cycle. adult ticks showed a titre of 3 ... | 1978 | 27975 |
| experimental transmission of babesia microti by rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides. | human babesiosis is considered an emerging threat in china. dozens of human infections with babesia microti have been reported recently, especially in southern china. however, the transmission vectors of this parasite in these areas are not well understood. rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides, which is one of the dominant tick species in southern china, is a major vector of bovine babesiosis in china. however, whether this tick has the potential to transmit b. microti has not been tested. the present ... | 2016 | 27112141 |
| effect of attractant sex pheromone on immature larval stages of ixodid tick species. | attractant sex pheromone (asp) 2,6-dichloro phenol was used in the current study to evaluate the percentage attraction and the behavioural responses of the five ixodid tick species namely rhipicephalus sanguineus, rhipicephalus microplus (boophilus microplus), haemaphysalis bispinosa, rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides and hyalomma marginatum using petridish bioassay. two concentrations of 2,6-dcp (0.1 m and 0.05 m) was used for the larval stages of all five ixodid tick species of which 0.1 m concen ... | 2012 | 24082519 |
| partial sequencing of bm86 gene for studying the phylogeny of an indian isolate of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus tick. | tick gut glycoprotein, designated as bm86, found on the luminal surface of the plasma membrane of gut epithelial cells of boophilus microplus, which is a concealed antigen, has been used as vaccine candidate molecule for immunization against ticks. to better understand the molecular diversity of bm86 gene in ticks, a portion of the cdna was sequenced from an indian isolate of b. microplus. comparison of nucleotide sequence revealed that indian isolate had 97 % homology (18 polymorphisms) with th ... | 2013 | 25035581 |
| assessment of cell mediated immune response in rabbits immunized with affinity purified 35 kda midgut antigen of rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides ticks. | cell mediated immune response to immunoaffinity chromatography purified midgut antigen of rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides ticks in rabbits was studied by using lymphocyte transformation test. this test was carried out by using 5-bromo-2'-deoxy-uridine kit method. the blastogenic response of peripheral blood lymphocytes of normal rabbit to different concentrations of antigen and mitogen (con a) showed that 2 μg of antigen and 2 μg of mitogen gave maximum stimulation index. the antigen specific res ... | 2013 | 25698868 |
| high prevalence of rickettsia spp. infections in small mammals in taiwan. | surveillance for rickettsia spp. is urgently needed due to the recent emergence of many novel rickettsioses around the globe, but previous studies in taiwan have been limited to small areas and no investigation of infections in vertebrate hosts has ever been attempted. we surveyed rickettsial infections systematically in small-mammal hosts trapped between 2006 and 2010 throughout taiwan. fragments of ompb and glta genes in the liver, spleen, and kidney of mammals were targeted by nested polymera ... | 0 | 25629776 |
| rna interference and the vaccine effect of a subolesin homolog from the tick rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides. | subolesin is a well-characterized protective antigen in many ticks and, thus, it is potentially useful in the development of a broad-spectrum vaccine or an autocidal gene silencing strategy to control tick infestations. a subolesin homolog was cloned from the tick rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides, which is widespread in china, by rapid amplification of complementary dna (cdna) ends. its full-length cdna was 1386 base pairs (bp), containing a 483 bp open reading frame with a predicted molecular mas ... | 2016 | 26608275 |
| characterization of a secreted cystatin from the tick rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides. | a novel cystatin, designated rhcyst-2, was isolated from the tick rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides. the full-length cdna of rhcyst-2 is 773 bp, including an intact open reading frame encoding an expected protein of 139 amino acids and consisting of a 23 amino acids signal peptide. predicted rhcyst-2 mature protein molecular weight is about 13 kda, isoelectric point is 4.96. a sequence analysis showed that it has significant homology with the known type 2 cystatins. the recombinant protein of rhcys ... | 2015 | 26188856 |
| widespread rickettsia spp. infections in ticks (acari: ixodoidea) in taiwan. | ticks are second to mosquitoes as the most important disease vectors, and recent decades have witnessed the emergence of many novel tick-borne rickettsial diseases, but systematic surveys of ticks and tick-borne rickettsioses are generally lacking in asia. we collected and identified ticks from small mammal hosts between 2006 and 2010 in different parts of taiwan. rickettsia spp. infections in ticks were identified by targeting ompb and glta genes with nested polymerase chain reaction. in total, ... | 2015 | 26336223 |
| expression pattern of suba in different tissues and blood-feeding status in haemaphysalis flava. | tick-borne-diseases (tbd) pose a huge threat to the health of both humans and animals worldwide. tick vaccines constitute an attractive alternative for tick control, due to their cost-efficiency and environmental-friendliness. subolesin, a protective antigen against ticks, is reported to be a promising candidate for the development of broad-spectrum vaccines. however, the entire length of its gene, suba, and its gene expression pattern in different tissues and blood-feeding status (or different ... | 2016 | 27631766 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of babesia orientalis rhoptry neck 2 boron2 protein. | babesiosis caused by babesia orientalis is one of the most prevalent infections of water buffalo transmitted by rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides causing a parasitic and hemolytic disease. the organelles proteins localized in apical membrane especially rhoptries neck and microneme protein form a complex called moving junction important during invasion process of parasites belonging to apicomplexan group, including babesia species. a truncated fragment coding a 936 bps fragment was cloned in pmd-19t ... | 2017 | 28775897 |
| a historical overview of research on babesia orientalis, a protozoan parasite infecting water buffalo. | babesiosis is a globally important zoonotic disease caused by tick-borne intraerythrocytic protozoan of the genus babesia (phylum apicomplexa). in china, there are five species that infect cattle buffalo and cause great economic loss, which include babesia bigemina, b. bovis, b. major, b. ovata, and b. orientalis. among them, b. orientalis is the most recently identified new babesia species epidemic in china. this review summarized the work done in the past 33 years to give an overview of what l ... | 2017 | 28769894 |
| evaluation on infectivity of babesia microti to domestic animals and ticks outside the ixodes genus. | babesiosis caused by babesia microti parasite is an emerging tick borne zoonotic disease that was confirmed recently in china. to understand the epidemiology characteristics of this emerging disease, infectivity of b. microti to domestic animals and ticks outside the genus ixodes was evaluated in this study. different domestic animals, chick, pig, goat, dog and the reference host rat were experimentally inoculated with b. microti-infected erythrocytes and the parasite infection was monitored dai ... | 2017 | 29056929 |
| epidemiological survey of ticks and tick-borne pathogens in pet dogs in south-eastern china. | to understand the epidemiology of tick infestation and tick-borne diseases in pet dogs in south-eastern china and to develop a reference for their prevention and treatment, we collected 1550 ticks parasitizing 562 dogs in 122 veterinary clinics from 20 cities of south-eastern china. dogs were tested for common tick-borne pathogens; collected ticks were identified and processed for the detection of tick-borne pathogens. the use of an in vitro elisa diagnostic kit for antibody detection (snap®4dx® ... | 2017 | 28971797 |
| lifecycle of rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides under laboratory conditions. | rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides supino, 1897 (ixodida: ixodidae) is a three-host hard tick widely distributed in sri lanka. the lifecycle of the r. haemaphysaloides population in sri lanka was studied under laboratory conditions using fully engorged females collected from dogs. larvae, nymphs and adults were reared on new zealand rabbits. engorged females weighed a mean ± standard deviation (sd) of 470.1 ± 106.5 mg and laid a mean ± sd of 4067.4 ± 3136.2 eggs within 16.1 ± 3.7 days. the mean ± sd ... | 2017 | 28671735 |
| caspase-1 participates in apoptosis of salivary glands in rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides. | ticks are among the most harmful vectors worldwide. their salivary glands play essential roles in blood-feeding and pathogen transmission and undergo apoptosis after feeding. although it was previously reported that salivary degeneration in ixodid ticks is in response to hormonal stimulation, questions still exist with the underlying mechanisms of salivary gland apoptosis. | 2017 | 28482931 |
| immunoglobulin g binding protein (igbp) from rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides: identification, expression, and binding specificity. | as the second most important human ectoparasite, ranked only after mosquitoes, the tick threatens the development of husbandry and even the health of humans worldwide. immunoglobulin g binding proteins (igbps) are considered to be the major factors used by ticks to evade the host immune system and the damage caused by host antibodies. in this study, an igbp-mb homologue was identified in the tick rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides, which was predominantly detected in the salivary glands and hemolymp ... | 2014 | 25199553 |