| [study of certain species of indian hemp as sources of k-strophanthin-beta and cymarine]. | | 1975 | 130260 |
| [allergenic character of tetrahydrocannabinol (delta 9 thc), active principle of indian hemp (cannabis saliva var. indica)]. | the maximization test applied on the hartley guinea pig and the mast cell degranulation test performed on the sensibilised guinea pig serum resulted in: 1, extreme allergenicity; 2, the formation of circulating antibodies anti delta9 thc. | 1977 | 414851 |
| certain hydrolytic enzymes from hibiscus cannabinus seeds. | | 1977 | 590990 |
| [chemical and toxicological studies of indian hemp (cannabis sativa l., indica variety) medico-legal application]. | | 1978 | 651548 |
| the use of indian hemp in zaire: a formulation of hypotheses on the basis of an inquiry using a written questionnaire. | | 1976 | 1066144 |
| [immunological studies in byssinosis from exposure to a mixed plant dust (jute, flax and kenaf]. | complex immunologic studies using 1 and 2 level tests in 221 individuals (171 workers of raw material processing shops and 50 volunteers) revealed the similar changes in immunologic status of people suffering from byssinosis and workers of long length of service: decreased t-lymphocyte level (owing to t-helpers), phagocyte count and increased serum iga, igm in comparison with healthy people. depressed phagocytosis in 79.6% of people facing byssinosis and 71% of workers with the long length of se ... | 1992 | 1296909 |
| on the therapeutic value of indian hemp, 1891. | | 1991 | 1888975 |
| [a comparative evaluation of the effect of the dust factor on the respiratory organs of workers in contact with drug and plant dusts]. | a comparative analysis of the data on the influence of complex medicinal and vegetable dusts (jute, flax, kenaf) on the respiratory organs, revealed the clinical signs of the byssinosis symptom-group in 49 cases (7.34%) of 667 technological textile workers investigated, and 10 cases (5.8%) of 171 tablet shop workers at a pharmaceutical plant. byssinosis and its syndrome developed among the workers engaged in "dust shops" after 13 +/- 2.5 years of work. similarity of the clinical symptoms was als ... | 1990 | 2148921 |
| [the echocardiographic indices of patients with chronic bronchopulmonary diseases due to exposure to jute, flax and kenaf dusts]. | chronic bronchopulmonary diseases without concomitant diseases in 32 workers contacting with dust of jute, flax, kenaf were not accompanied by abnormal echocardiographic findings. patients with byssinosis and chronic bronchitis showed a statistically valid increase of the stroke volume indicating potential possibility of functional loads of the myocardium and its structural sequels during advance of bronchopulmonary diseases. | 1990 | 2256309 |
| patterns of adolescent psychoactive substance use and abuse in benin city, nigeria. | the pattern of use and abuse of psychoactive substances by nigerian adolescents is investigated. unlike previous epidemiological studies that used questionnaires to investigate university or postprimary school students, the present study used unobtrusive methods for data collection. the observed pattern of use was not different from that found in previous research. adolescents tended to use the following drugs in decreasing order of frequency: alcohol, cigarettes, stimulants, cannabis (indian he ... | 1989 | 2801280 |
| [dermatitis caused by the ambary plant (hibiscus cannabinus)]. | | 1985 | 2936024 |
| alcohol and drug addiction in northern nigeria. | this paper shows that the major psychiatric syndromes encountered in the west with the exception of personality disorder and sexual deviation are represented among patients in northern nigeria. it draws attention to the increasing problem of alcohol and drug (indian hemp) addiction in a predominantly moslem society. 17% of the male cases were treated for alcohol or drug addiction. | 1986 | 3751654 |
| psychoactive substances of the south seas: betel, kava and pituri. | before white man brought his alcohol to the south pacific, the indigenes were using many wild plants possessing psychoactive properties. the most prominent were betel in much of melanesia, kava in much of polynesia, and pituri in much of australia. the use of each of these three drugs was widespread, institutionalised as a ritual and the occasion for extensive trade. each was valued for its effect in reducing tension or in producing altered states of consciousness. each was also capable of induc ... | 1985 | 3890824 |
| epilepsy and psychosis: a comparison of societal attitudes. | pioneer investigators in nigeria have presented a gloomy picture of epilepsy as a highly infectious and disastrous disease in the eyes of the public. as a result, epileptic persons suffer untold social deprivations and discrimination in education, employment, housing, marital life, etc. these assertions have been repeated over the years more as a result of incidental observations while reviewing hospital cases than as products of attitude research on the subject. we assumed, therefore, that thes ... | 1985 | 3971944 |
| [occupational diseases of cotton and kenaf processing enterprises]. | | 1965 | 4225039 |
| [problems of occupational hygiene and the condition of the upper respiratory tract in workers engaged in processing kenaf under conditions of uzbekistan]. | | 1966 | 4232967 |
| a screening technique for indian hemp (cannabis sativa l.). | | 1967 | 4296651 |
| gas chromatography of indian hemp (cannabis sativa l.). | | 1967 | 4383655 |
| ammoniation of kenaf tops prior to dehydration. | | 1974 | 4408020 |
| report of the indian hemp drugs commission, 1893-94: a critical review. | | 1972 | 4557840 |
| effects of nitrogen on kenaf retting. | | 1972 | 4677996 |
| [toxicity of indian hemp]. | | 1973 | 4685021 |
| mental illness and indian hemp in lagos. | | 1966 | 5965862 |
| [occupational hygiene of agricultural workers in kenaf cultivation in uzbekistan]. | | 1980 | 6448183 |
| attitudes of high school students toward drug education. | in nigeria, there is an indiscriminate sale of drugs by druggists or pharmacists, patent medicine dealers and street vendors and hawkers whose stores, to say the least, are manned by unqualified people. there is no strict control over the production and distribution of narcotic drugs. the danger about these sources of drug is that they lack the medical supervision that is an integral part of drug education. consequently, drug education of the students is an important matter which must be of grea ... | 1983 | 6653398 |
| bioavailability of thiamine, riboflavin and niacin from commonly consumed green leafy vegetables in the rural areas of andhra pradesh in india. | the physiological availability of thiamine, riboflavin and niacin from three green leafy vegetables -- amaranth (amaranthes gangeticus), gogu (hibiscus cannabinus) and drumstick leaves (moringa oleifera) was calculated from individual dose response curves. the bioavailability of thiamine and riboflavin was higher from drumstick leaves curry, while the availability of niacin was higher from gogu curry. but the differences in the bioavailability of the vitamins from the experimental curries was no ... | 1982 | 7085205 |
| review of research on the insect pests of kenaf and their control in the sudan. | kenaf, hibiscus cannabinus l., is grown in many parts of the sudan as a fibre plant. during its various stages of growth, 17 different species of insects were detected, out of which only the cotton flea beetle podagrica puncticollis weise is of economic importance. the attack by this pest is most serious in the seedling stage; late sowings coupled with early light showers suffer the heaviest damage. in the leaves the beetles eat out round holes ('shot-hole effect'). the entire life cycle takes a ... | 1981 | 7342960 |
| treatment of depression. | depressions are the most common psychiatric diseases. for treatment, plant extracts have been used for thousands of years: examples are extracts from the (sleeping) poppy (opium), deadly nightshade (atropa belladonna), indian hemp (hashish), henbane (hyoscyamine), thorn apple (scopolamine), and st. john's wort (hypericum oil). in addition, psychotherapeutic measures, like playing music, dancing, playing theatre, and also the temple sleep, were used. in the 19th century, the introduction of brome ... | 1994 | 7857505 |
| drug use in greater accra, ghana: pilot study. | the goal of this exploratory study of drug use in greater accra, ghana, is to expand our understanding of the rapidly changing drug problem in africa. until the last decade, ghana, with its excellent transportation links, was only a transit point in the narcoscape. drug use was confined to indian hemp or marijuana use. this exploratory study, conducted in the summer of 1996, confirms that such drugs as heroin and cocaine, as well as psychotropic substances, are now diverted for local consumption ... | 1999 | 10069748 |
| are lignins optically active? | the accepted derivation of lignins from non(enzymatically)-controlled radical coupling reactions has been recently challenged, and it is relevant to ascertain unequivocally whether lignins are or are not (as normally assumed) optically active. two approaches were used. first, dfrc (derivatization followed by reductive cleavage) dimers derived from beta-5- and beta-beta-units in pine lignins, which certainly retain unaltered chiral centers (as well as beta-1- and beta-o-4-units where the intactne ... | 1999 | 10552598 |
| phenolic constituents from the core of kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus). | four lignans, boehmenan h [2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-5-[3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamoyloxy)propyl]-3-hydroxymethyl-7-methoxybenzodihydrofuran], boehmenan k [2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-5-[3-(4-hydroxycinnamoyloxy)-1-propenyl]-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamoyloxymethyl)-7-methoxybenzodihydrofuran], threo-carolignan h [threo-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[4-[3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamoyloxy)propyl]-2-methoxyphenoxy]-1,3-propanodiol], and threo-carolignan k [threo-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphen ... | 2001 | 11314965 |
| native lygus spp. (heteroptera: miridae) damaging introduced hibiscus cannabinus in italy. | kenaf, hibiscus cannabinus l, an introduced tropical fiber crop, is attacked in central italy by the native mirid bugs lygus rugulipennis poppius and l. pratensis (l.), thus establishing novel insect-plant associations. feeding by lygus bugs damages the apical meristem, with consequent development of secondary stems and leaf tattering. in a laboratory experiment, both species caused apical meristem damage on potted kenaf. in a field experiment with caged plots, the percentage of damaged plants w ... | 2001 | 11425019 |
| phytotoxic and fungitoxic activities of the essential oil of kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus l.) leaves and its composition. | the chemical composition of the essential oil of kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus) was examined by gc-ms. fifty-eight components were characterized from h. cannabinus with (e)-phytol (28.16%), (z)-phytol (8.02%), n-nonanal (5.70%), benzene acetaldehyde (4.39%), (e)-2-hexenal (3.10%), and 5-methylfurfural (3.00%) as the major constituents. the oil was phytotoxic to lettuce and bentgrass and had antifungal activity against colletotrichum fragariae, colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and colletotrichum accu ... | 2001 | 11513663 |
| comparison of classical and ultrasound-assisted isolation procedures of cellulose from kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus l.) and eucalyptus (eucalyptus rodustrus sm.). | a comparative study of classical and ultrasound-assisted extraction and purification of cellulose from kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus l.) and eucalyptus (eucalyptus rodustrus sm.), has been conducted. the isolated cellulose samples were studied by diffuse reflectance infrared fourier transform spectroscopy and 13c nuclear magnetic resonance (13c-nmr) spectroscopy and the crystallinity was also determined. the use of ultrasound decreased the total time of treatment, in addition the purity of the obta ... | 2002 | 11602991 |
| [memoirs on chlorodyne and shinyaku]. | dr. j. collins browne, a british army surgeon in india, invented a secret remedy for cholera-infected patients in the fifth decade of the 19th century. after his resignation from the army, the formula was given to a pharmacist in london for the purpose of manufacture and marketing as a patented medicine named chlorodyne. chlorodyne was well-accepted as paregoric for several decades. the formula of chlorodyne was adopted in the 3rd revision of the british pharmacopoeia (1885) as "compound tinctur ... | 1999 | 11624349 |
| harmful effects of tobacco noticed in history. | according to medical investigations tobacco smoking causes cancer of lip, tongue, tonsil and other parts of the mouth. and also lung cancer, chronic bronchitis, coronary artery diseases and emphysema are caused by cigarette smoking. three contemporary rulers, emperor jahangir of india, james i of england and shah abbas i of persia noticed the harmful effects of tobacco and tried to stop this practice. khalil pasha issued a prohibitory decree against smoking tobacco and he announced that anybody ... | 1993 | 11639383 |
| fatal 'bhang' poisoning. | a young adult male of about 25 years of age consumed a glass (about 300 ml) of bhang on the holy occasion of shivratri. the deceased died within 24 hours of consuming the bhang. the deceased had suffered from rheumatic heart disease with multiple valvular involvements. he had also undergone open-heart surgery in the past. fatality due to bhang is extremely rare and therefore the case is presented. an attempt is made to review the literature. bhang is one of the indian preparations of indian hemp ... | 2001 | 11693232 |
| lignanamides and other phenolic constituents from the bark of kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus). | two new acyclic phenylpropane lignanamides, grossamide k and erythro-canabisine h, and the naphthol glucoside 2,5-dimethyl-3-o-beta-d-glucopyranosylnaphthol, along with six known compounds were isolated from the acetone extract of bark of hibiscus cannabinus. all structures were established by spectroscopic methods including 2d nmr techniques, which allowed the correction of certain previously reported 13c nmr assignments of grossamide. | 2001 | 11738411 |
| effect of dairy compost application and plant maturity on forage kenaf cultivar fiber concentration and in sacco disappearance. | the forage potential of kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus l.) grown for silage has not been fully realized, in part, because of lack of understanding of its quality dynamics. this study was conducted for 2 yr to compare fiber components and in sacco dry matter (dm) disappearance (isd) differences among cultivars, dairy manure compost application rates, and plant maturity. the application of compost increased (p = 0.05) neutral detergent fiber (ndf) values only. fiber components were affected by cultiva ... | 2002 | 11756282 |
| pyrolysis of lignin in the presence of tetramethylammonium hydroxide: a convenient method for s/g ratio determination. | pyrolysis-gas chromatography in the presence of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (tmah) was applied to the determination of the ratio of the abundances of the syringyl beta-aryl ether subunits to those of the guaiacyl equivalents (s/g) in lignin. diazomethane-methylated kenafs (hibiscus cannabinus and hibiscus sabdariffa) and beech (fagus crenata) in situ lignins were employed. relative abundances of pyrolysis products derived from the guaiacyl and syringyl beta-aryl ether subunits were determined. ... | 2002 | 11853474 |
| preliminary evidence for sinapyl acetate as a lignin monomer in kenaf. | 9-acetylated syringyl 8-8-linked dehydrodimers are degradation products released from kenaf lignins, implicating sinapyl acetate as a lignin precursor. | 2002 | 12120325 |
| the p23 protein of hibiscus chlorotic ringspot virus is indispensable for host-specific replication. | hibiscus chlorotic ringspot virus (hcrsv) possesses a novel open reading frame (orf) which encodes a putative 23-kda protein (p23). we report here the in vivo detection of p23 and demonstrate its essential role in viral replication. the expression of p23 could be detected in protein extracts from transfected kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus l.) protoplasts and in hcrsv-infected leaves. further, direct immunoblotting of infected kenaf leaves also showed the presence of p23, and transient expression in ... | 2002 | 12414971 |
| covariation in the capsid protein of hibiscus chlorotic ringspot virus induced by serial passaging in a host that restricts movement leads to avirulence in its systemic host. | hibiscus chlorotic ringspot virus (hcrsv) from naturally infected hibiscus rosa-sinensis l. loses virulence in its experimental systemic host hibiscus cannabinus l. (kenaf) after serial passages in a local lesion host chenopodium quinoa. here we report the genetic changes responsible for the loss of virulence at the molecular level. a remarkable covariation of eight site-specific amino acids was found in the hcrsv capsid protein (cp) after serial passages in c. quinoa: val(49)-->ile, ile(95)-->v ... | 2002 | 12414972 |
| toxicity of (+)- and (-)-gossypol to the plant pathogen, rhizoctonia solani. | the dimeric sesquiterpene gossypol occurs naturally in cottonseed and other parts of the cotton plant. gossypol exists as enantiomers because of the restricted rotation around the central binaphthyl bond. the (-)-enantiomer is toxic to nonruminant animals while the (+)-enantiomer exhibits little, if any, toxicity to these animals. developing cotton plants with low levels of the (-)-gossypol could expand the use of cottonseed as a feed source. gossypol also may play a role in protecting the plant ... | 2002 | 12428953 |
| digestibility and dry matter intake of diets containing alfalfa and kenaf. | two experiments were conducted to determine the dietary value of pellets containing kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus cv. 'everglade 41') hay. averaged across both experiments, kenaf pellets contained 82.6% kenaf hay, 16.6% liquid molasses, and 0.8% mineral oil. the chemical composition of the kenaf pellet was 12.6% crude protein (cp), 41.2% neutral detergent fiber (ndf), and 14.4% acid detergent fiber (adf). in exp. 1 (digestion and n balance trial), 18 lambs (body weight [bw] = 36.4 kg) were blocked ... | 2002 | 12462268 |
| comparative studies of genetic diversity in kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus l.) varieties based on analysis of agronomic and rapd data. | kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus l.) is a fiber crop classified in the genus hibiscus (malvaceae), and has a great potential for its multipurpose utilization, in addition to its traditional usage. varietal identification of kenaf is always problematic and knowledge on genetic diversity of kenaf varieties is also limited, which significantly hindered our effective utilization and conservation of the valuable kenaf germplasm. in order to find a proper method for identifying kenaf varieties and studying ... | 2002 | 12471671 |
| a preliminary pilot survey on head lice, pediculosis in sharkia governorate and treatment of lice with natural plant extracts. | twelve different representative areas in sharkia governorate were surveyed for head lice, pediculus humanus capitis. the pre-valence was investigated among 120 houses containing 2,448 individual, with different age, sex and socioeconomic status. examination was done by naked eye aided with hand-lens. a total of 137 individuals were infested. infestation rates were higher in the rural areas with low socioeconomic levels, concrete houses with over-crowded family members. children had significantly ... | 2002 | 12512805 |
| cannabis condemned: the proscription of indian hemp. | to find out how cannabis came to be subject to international narcotics legislation. | 2003 | 12534418 |
| photosynthesis and kinetic characteristics of rubisco in hibiscus cannabinus l. | photosynthetic characteristics in kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus l.), a c3 plant, were compared with abelmoschus esculentus (l.) moench, another member of malvaceae. kenaf leaves exhibited significantly higher rate of photosynthesis (40 mg co2 dm(-2) hr(-1)) which was 24.6 mg dm(-2) hr(-1) in a. esculentus. rate of photo and dark respiration was similar in both the species. kenaf leaf photosynthesis had a higher optimum temperature (32 degrees c) than that of a. esculentus (26 degrees c). photosynth ... | 2000 | 12557922 |
| isolation and spectroscopic study of pectic substances from kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus l.). | pectins were isolated from bark, wood and pith of kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus l.) variety cuba108. imidazole was used as extractant. the isolated pectins were studied by 13c nuclear magnetic resonance (13c-nmr) spectroscopy and diffuse reflectance infrared fourier transform spectroscopy (drifts). from the spectroscopic investigation, the isolated pectic substances were found similar to commercial pectins. | 2003 | 12737400 |
| purification, crystallization and x-ray analysis of hibiscus chlorotic ringspot virus. | hibiscus chlorotic ringspot virus (hcrsv), a carmovirus, occurs worldwide and induces chlorotic ringspots on leaves, stunting and flower distortion in hibiscus species, including kenaf. the hcrsv capsid has t = 3 icosahedral symmetry and contains 180 copies of the coat protein. a virus yield of 48-70 mg per 100 g of infected kenaf leaves was achieved with an improved purification scheme involving sucrose-cushion and sucrose density-gradient centrifugation. the virus was crystallized using peg 80 ... | 2003 | 12876359 |
| [antagonistic effect of indian hemp on toxic-convulsant syndrome due to isonicotinic acid hydrazide]. | | 1954 | 13191359 |
| nutritive value of some leaf-proteins. i. amino-acid composition of trigonella foenum-graecum and hibiscus cannabinus. | | 1962 | 13984795 |
| [general toxicodermatitis following acute poisoning caused by smoking indian hemp]. | | 1964 | 14184450 |
| [on studies on the constituents of hibiscus cannabinus l]. | | 1964 | 14317280 |
| [note apropos of the identification of indian hemp cultivated in france]. | | 1961 | 14481861 |
| three-dimensional reconstruction of hibiscus chlorotic ringspot virus. | hibiscus chlorotic ringspot virus (hcrsv) is a positive-sense, single-stranded rna virus, which belongs to the tombusviridae family and infects plants of the hibiscus genus, including kenaf, a woody plant of agricultural importance. these icosahedral viruses have a capsid consisting of 180 copies of coat protein (cp) arranged with t=3 symmetry. the cp consists of an internal rna-binding domain, a shell-forming domain and a protruding domain. the hcrsv virion was reconstructed to about 12a resolu ... | 2003 | 14643194 |
| [modifications of total cholesterinemic level in the dog induced by means of administration of various doses of chloral hydrate, sodium luminal, fluid extracts of indian hemp endovenously, trional by gastric administration, paraldehyde and scopolamine hydrobromide subcutaneously]. | | 1951 | 14848277 |
| [growth and development of perilla nankinensis and hibiscus cannabinus by changes of polarity of their axial organs]. | | 1951 | 14849524 |
| [prohibition of use of indian hemp]. | | 1952 | 14954212 |
| bioremediation of methyl tertiary-butyl ether (mtbe) by an innovative biofilter. | methyl tertiary-butyl ether (mtbe) is a synthetic chemical used in unleaded gasoline as an additive to reduce levels of ozone and carbon monoxide from auto exhaust. due to its chemical and recalcitrant properties, mtbe has caused groundwater contamination worldwide. a laboratory-scale biofilter made of a natural fiber (kenaf) mat and inoculated with mtbe-degrading microorganisms, was evaluated for mtbe removal efficiency. operational parameters of oxygen flow rate, hydraulic retention time (hrt) ... | 2004 | 14979542 |
| separation and identification of cannabis components by different planar chromatography techniques (tlc, amd, oplc). | the use of cannabis is illicit in numerous countries, and the increasing consumption has led to a multiplication of scientific studies. new methods of planar chromatography such as automated multiple development (amd) and optimum performance laminar chromatography (oplc) techniques can be used as a substitute for the traditional thin-layer chromatography for the identification and quantitation of the indian hemp components. each method offers its own advantage: high resolution with neither diffu ... | 2004 | 15023248 |
| identifying acetylated lignin units in non-wood fibers using pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. | a series of non-wood plant fibers, namely kenaf, jute, sisal and abaca, have been analyzed upon pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (py-gc/ms) of the whole material. the pyrolysis products mainly arise from the carbohydrate and lignin moieties of the fibers. the lignin-derived phenols belonged to the p-hydroxyphenylpropanoid (h), guaiacylpropanoid (g) and syringylpropanoid (s) structures, and showed a high s/g ratio of between 2.0 and 5.4, the highest corresponding to kenaf. among the ... | 2004 | 15164346 |
| significance of the 3'-terminal region in minus-strand rna synthesis of hibiscus chlorotic ringspot virus. | rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) was solubilized from crude extracts of hibiscus cannabinus infected by hibiscus chlorotic ringspot virus (hcrsv), a member of the carmoviridae. after treatment of the extracts with micrococcal nuclease to remove the endogenous templates, the full-length genomic rna and the two subgenomic rnas were efficiently synthesized by the partially purified rdrp complex in vitro. when the full-length rnas of potato virus x, tobacco mosaic virus, odontoglossum ringspot vi ... | 2004 | 15166462 |
| spectroscopic determination of the degree of esterification of pectic substances from kenaf. | pectins were isolated from bark, wood and pith of four kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus l.) varieties. the degree of esterification of isolated pectins was studied using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. it was determined as being between 57 and 90% and there were no notable differences between kenaf varieties. the higher value of the degree of esterification was presented in wood pectins (86-90%), the interim in pith (75-83%) and the lower in bark (57-64%). | 2004 | 15214486 |
| chemical characterization of lignin and lipid fractions in kenaf bast fibers used for manufacturing high-quality papers. | the chemical composition of lignin and lipids of bast fibers from kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus) used for high-quality paper pulp production was studied. pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (py-gc/ms) of fibers showed a lignin with a high syringyl/guaiacyl ratio (5.4) and minor amounts of p-hydroxyphenyl units. simultaneously, sinapyl and coniferyl acetates were also identified, indicating that this lignin is partially acetylated. p-hydroxycinnamic acids were found in only trace amounts. ... | 2004 | 15264912 |
| alkaline pulping with additives of date palm rachis and leaves from sudan. | soda-anthraquinone (soda-aq), alkaline sulphite-anthraquinone (as-aq) and alkaline sulphite-anthraquinone-methanol (asam) pulping of date palm rachis and leaves from sudan was carried under different conditions, and pulps with variable yields and mechanical properties were obtained. the date palm rachis gave best yields and mechanical properties with the as-aq or the asam process, while the leaves were best pulped with the soda method with low yield, but very good strength properties. blending w ... | 2005 | 15364084 |
| nocturnal uptake and assimilation of nitrogen dioxide by c3 and cam plants. | in order to investigate nocturnal uptake and assimilation of no2 by c3 and crassulacean acid metabolism (cam) plants, they were fumigated with 4 microl l(-1) 15n-labeled nitrogen dioxide (no2) for 8 h. the amount of no2 and assimilation of no2 by plants were determined by mass spectrometry and kjeldahl-nitrogen based mass spectrometry, respectively. c3 plants such as kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus), tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) and ground cherry (physalis alkekengi) showed a high uptake and assimilat ... | 2005 | 15948596 |
| [kinetic developmental genetics analysis of hibiscus cannabinus plant height and stem diameter]. | by using quantitative traits additive-dominance genetics model and developmental genetics model, this paper analyzed the developmental behaviors of gene expression for hibiscus cannabinu plant height and stem diameter at its different growth stages. the results showed that at different growth stages, the unconditional and conditional genetics effects of plant height all showed dominance, while the additive effect was weak. no additive effect was found for stem diameter, but dominance effect was ... | 2005 | 16180744 |
| kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus l.) core and rice hulls as components of container media for growing pinus halepensis m. seedlings. | the feasibility of replacing peat or perlite with rice hulls and ground kenaf core to grow a mediterranean species (pinus halepensis m.), was investigated. treatments involved the following growing media: 70 peat:30 perlite as a control, 70 peat:30 rice hulls, 50 peat:50 rice hulls, kenaf (100%) and 60 kenaf:20 peat:20 rice hulls. the seedlings' quality and the physical and chemical properties of the substrates were evaluated. after this, the seedlings were planted in the field and their field p ... | 2006 | 16203133 |
| in planta transformation of kenaf plants (hibiscus cannabinus var. aokawa no. 3) by agrobacterium tumefaciens. | kenaf was transformed by inoculation of agrobacterium tumefaciens onto the meristems of young plants in pots. the transformation was demonstrated by three lines of evidence: a phenotypic inheritance from t(0) to t(1) plants, detection of the transgene in both t(0) and t(1) plants, and rescue of plasmids composed of t-dna of the binary vector and flanking plant genomic dna from t(1) plants. | 2004 | 16233680 |
| degradation of lignin by cyathus species. | the ability of 12 cyathus species to degrade c-labeled lignin in kenaf was studied. the sum of c released into solution plus c released into the gas phase over a 32-day fermentation period was used to determine average daily rates of lignin biodegradation. cyathus pallidus. c. africanus, and c. berkeleyanus delignified kenaf most rapidly. c. canna showed the greatest preference for lignin degradation over other plant components, and its rate of lignin degradation was only slightly lower than the ... | 1984 | 16346497 |
| [dronabinol for supportive therapy in patients with malignant melanoma and liver metastases]. | loss of appetite and nausea can reduce the quality of life of patients with malignant melanoma and liver metastases. often established antiemetic drugs fail to bring relief. tetrahydrocannabinol (thc, marinol), which is the active agent of indian hemp, has been used successfully in this situation for other malignant tumors. | 2006 | 16408219 |
| host-induced avirulence of hibiscus chlorotic ringspot virus mutants correlates with reduced gene-silencing suppression activity. | post-transcriptional gene silencing (ptgs) and virus-encoded gene-silencing suppressors are defence and counterdefence strategies developed by host and pathogens during evolution. using a green fluorescence protein-based transient suppression system, the coat protein (cp) of hibiscus chlorotic ringspot virus (hcrsv) was identified as a strong gene-silencing suppressor. cp suppressed sense rna-induced but not dsrna-induced local and systemic ptgs. this is different from another virus in the genus ... | 2006 | 16432034 |
| some observations on early military anaesthesia. | although anaesthesia was discovered in 1846, pain relief had been used for many years previously. opium, mandragora, and indian hemp amongst others have been used since the earliest times as alluded to by many of the classical writers. the use of refrigeration anaesthesia is known to have been recommended a millennium ago although it never had much usage. very soon after the introduction of ether anaesthesia, it was recommended for military use and the first use by the american forces was in bue ... | 2006 | 16800222 |
| the absolute configuration of (-)-3-hydroxy-alpha-calacorene. | 3-hydroxy-alpha-calacorene was identified in extracts from cold-shocked seedlings of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) and kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus l.), both of which are members of the malvaceae family. (-)-3-hydroxy-alpha-calacorene was isolated from heterotheca inuloides cass. (asteraceae). hplc on a chiral stationary phase column showed that the 3-hydroxy-alpha- calacorene from cotton and kenaf had the same relative configuration, while that from h. inuloides was of the opposite configuration ... | 2006 | 16806327 |
| isolation and characterization of cellulose obtained from ultrasonic irradiated sugarcane bagasse. | cell walls of sugarcane bagasse were first delignified with chlorite followed by ultrasonic irradiation and then by two-step sequential extractions at 23 degrees c with 15 and 18% koh for 2 h, 15 and 18% naoh for 2 h, 8 and 10% koh for 12 h, and 8 and 10% naoh for 12 h and by a single one-stage isolation with 10% koh for 16 h and with 10% naoh for 16 h, which released 79.4, 81.8, 83.6, 85.7, 61.5, and 65.6% of the original hemicelluloses, and subsequently yielded 50.7, 49.5, 48.6, 47.8, 57.2, an ... | 2006 | 16881672 |
| hibiscus chlorotic ringspot virus p27 and its isoforms affect symptom expression and potentiate virus movement in kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus l.). | hibiscus chlorotic ringspot virus (hcrsv), a member of the genus carmovirus, encodes p27 (27-kda protein) and two other in-frame isoforms (p25 and p22.5) that are coterminal at the carboxyl end. only p27, which initiates at the 2570cug codon, was detected in transfected kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus l.) protoplasts through fusion to a flag tag at either its n or c terminus. subcellular localization of a p27-green fluorescent fusion protein in kenaf epidermal cells showed that it was localized to me ... | 2006 | 16941899 |
| determination of uronic acids in isolated hemicelluloses from kenaf using diffuse reflectance infrared fourier transform spectroscopy (drifts) and the curve-fitting deconvolution method. | hemicellulose samples were isolated from kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus l.). hemicellulosic fractions usually contain a variable percentage of uronic acids. the uronic acid content (expressed in polygalacturonic acid) of the isolated hemicelluloses was determined by diffuse reflectance infrared fourier transform spectroscopy (drifts) and the curve-fitting deconvolution method. a linear relationship between uronic acids content and the sum of the peak areas at 1745, 1715, and 1600 cm(-1) was establis ... | 2004 | 17140480 |
| natural cellulose fibers from switchgrass with tensile properties similar to cotton and linen. | we report the production and characteristics of natural cellulose fibers obtained from the leaves and stems of switchgrass. in this paper, the composition, structure and properties of fibers obtained from the leaves and stem of switchgrass have been studied in comparison to the common natural cellulose fibers, such as cotton, linen and kenaf. the leaves and stems of switchgrass have tensile properties intriguingly similar to that of linen and cotton, respectively. fibers were obtained from the l ... | 2007 | 17221888 |
| enzyme enhanced solid-state fermentation of kenaf core fiber for storage and pretreatment. | kenaf is an annual fiber crop adaptable to a wide range of climates and soil types. this study investigated the use of kenaf core fiber as a feedstock for enzyme-enhanced fermentation. triplicate kenaf core fiber samples were treated with enzymes having cellulase:hemicellulase activity ratios of 0:1, 0.015:1, 0.45:1, and 2.54:1 at a rate of 5010 iu/kg dry matter hemicellulase activity, vacuum-sealed, and incubated at 37 degrees c for 21 d. samples were analyzed for ph, water soluble carbohydrate ... | 2007 | 17222553 |
| host-dependent effects of the 3' untranslated region of turnip crinkle virus rna on accumulation in hibiscus and arabidopsis. | the 3' untranslated region (utr) of turnip crinkle virus (tcv) rna is 253 nt long (nt 3798-4050) with a 27 nt hairpin structure near its 3' terminus. in this study, the roles of the 3' utr in virus accumulation were investigated in protoplasts of hibiscus cannabinus l. and arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh. our results showed that, in hibiscus protoplasts, the minimal 3' utr essential for tcv accumulation extends from nt 3922 to 4050, but that maintenance of virus accumulation at wild-type (wt) le ... | 2007 | 17251587 |
| surface topography of kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus) sized papers. | bleached kenaf handsheets sized with different polymers such as chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol and cationic starch, were used for the determination of surface topography. a non-contact profilometer, the altisur 500, was used to characterize the topography of structural details in the paper surface. numerical and visual characterization of surface roughness indicated that the surface of chitosan-sized paper was less rough than other surfaces, and all the sized papers were commonly smoother than the ... | 2008 | 17449243 |
| cytotoxic activity of lignans from hibiscus cannabinus. | the antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of six lignans isolated from the core and bark acetone extracts of hibiscus cannabinus have been investigated. two compounds (2 and 3) showed strong cytotoxic activity against hela, hep-2 and a-549 cell lines while compound 5 showed moderate activity on hela cells when they were in advanced stage of cellular division. the compounds did not exhibit antimicrobial activity. | 2007 | 17512680 |
| occurrence of naturally acetylated lignin units. | this work examines the occurrence of native acetylated lignin in a large set of vascular plants, including both angiosperms and gymnosperms, by a modification of the so-called derivatization followed by reductive cleavage (dfrc) method. acetylated lignin units were found in the milled wood lignins of all angiosperms selected for this study, including mono- and eudicotyledons, but were absent in the gymnosperms analyzed. in some plants (e.g., abaca, sisal, kenaf, or hornbeam), lignin acetylation ... | 2007 | 17552541 |
| structure and properties of natural cellulose fibers obtained from sorghum leaves and stems. | for the first time, sorghum leaves and stems have been used to produce natural cellulose fibers with properties suitable for composite, textile, and other high-value fibrous applications. the leaf and stems fibers produced are multicellular and have similar cellulose contents. the breaking tenacity and elongation of the fibers are similar to that of natural cellulose fibers such as kenaf and cornstalk fibers. however, the sorghum fibers have a modulus of about 113 g/denier (15 gpa) similar to th ... | 2007 | 17579436 |
| characterizing natural cellulose fibers from velvet leaf (abutilon theophrasti) stems. | velvet leaf (abutilon theophrasti) that is currently considered a weed and an agricultural problem could be used as a source for high quality natural cellulose fibers. the fibers obtained from the velvet leaf stems are mainly composed of approximately 69% cellulose and 17% lignin. the single cells in the fiber have lengths of approximately 0.9 mm, shorter than those in common bast fibers, hemp and kenaf. however, the widths of single cells in velvet leaf fibers are similar to the single cells in ... | 2008 | 17583497 |
| immunomodulatory effect of hibiscus cannabinus extract on macrophage functions. | hibiscus cannabinus l. (malvaceae) (known as kenaf) has long been used as a folk medicine in india and africa for the treatment of blood and throat disorders, bilious conditions, fever and puerperium. in this study, therefore, we aimed either to demonstrate its ethnopharmacological activity by examining its macrophage function-regulating effects or to expand its therapeutic efficacy into other macrophage-mediated diseases. the total crude extract (etoh extract) of hibiscus cannabinus fresh leave ... | 2007 | 17604925 |
| a new monopartite begomovirus isolated from hibiscus cannabinus l. in india. | yellow vein mosaic disease of mesta is whitefly-transmitted and found in endemic form in different parts of india, causing great economic losses. full-length dna-a of a begomovirus infecting mesta was cloned and sequenced. the genome was homologous to the dna-a of monopartite begomoviruses originating from the old world, with six conserved open reading frames. the complete nucleotide sequence of the dna-a molecule of the present isolate was 2728 nucleotides in length, having the highest sequence ... | 2007 | 17619113 |
| preparation and characterization of long natural cellulose fibers from wheat straw. | long natural cellulose fibers with properties suitable for textile and composite applications have been obtained from wheat straw. this study aims to understand the potential of using wheat straw as a source for long natural cellulose fibers for textile, composite and other fibrous applications. the presence of wax on the outer layer of the straw and a unique zip-like structure that locks individual fibers makes it difficult to obtain fibers from wheat straw using the common methods of fiber ext ... | 2007 | 17894459 |
| [use of kenaf fibre in the elaboration of specific substrates for pleurotus ostreatus (jacq. ex fr.) kummer cultivation]. | in this study, the viability of the kenaf fibre use, alone or combined with cereal straw, vine shoots and olive mill dried waste, in the elaboration of specific substrates for the cultivation of pleurotus ostreatus (jacq. ex fr.) kummer, second mushroom in importance cultivated in spain, is described. furthermore, three different methods of preparation of the substrate have been considered in order to obtain selectivity for the growth and later fruiting of pleurotus sporophore. as for the produc ... | 2008 | 18338932 |
| characterization of nonderivatized plant cell walls using high-resolution solution-state nmr spectroscopy. | a recently described plant cell wall dissolution system has been modified to use perdeuterated solvents to allow direct in-nmr-tube dissolution and high-resolution solution-state nmr of the whole cell wall without derivatization. finely ground cell wall material dissolves in a solvent system containing dimethylsulfoxide-d(6) and 1-methylimidazole-d(6) in a ratio of 4:1 (v/v), keeping wood component structures mainly intact in their near-native state. two-dimensional nmr experiments, using gradie ... | 2008 | 18383438 |
| products of alkaline peroxide attack on wheat straw, oak, and kenaf. | wheat straw, oak, and kenaf were partially delignified by treatment with hydrogen peroxide at ph 11.0, and the water-soluble degradation products were characterized. forty to sixty percent of the solubilized products were larger than 1000 molecular weight (mw), as determined by membrane ultrafiltration. lignin degradation products in the low-molecular-weight fraction (<1000) consisted primarily of aromatic and aliphatic carboxylic acids. | 1985 | 18553782 |
| a comparative study of use of psychoactive substances amongst secondary school students in two local government areas of akwa ibom state, nigeria. | the use and abuse of psychoactive substances is very rampant, even in our secondary schools. in recent times, there has been a growing concern about negative effects of these substances on youths. the high incidence of school dropouts and other nefarious activities are the resultant impacts on the students. | 2008 | 18689139 |
| nitrogen dioxide at an ambient level improves the capability of kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus) to decontaminate cadmium. | as reported previously, atmospheric nitrogen dioxide (no2) at an ambient level increased plant size and the contents of cell constituents. we investigated this effect of atmospheric no2 on decontamination of cadmium (cd) by kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus). seventeen-day-old seedlings of kenaf were grown in air either with no2 or without no2. (plants were exposed to 100 +/- 50 ppb no2 for 10 d under irrigation of 0.1% hyponex supplemented with 20 microm cdcl2.) plants were then harvested and the biom ... | 2008 | 18709933 |
| highly acylated (acetylated and/or p-coumaroylated) native lignins from diverse herbaceous plants. | the structure of lignins isolated from the herbaceous plants sisal ( agave sisalana), kenaf ( hibiscus cannabinus), abaca ( musa textilis) and curaua ( ananas erectifolius) has been studied upon spectroscopic (2d-nmr) and chemical degradative (derivatization followed by reductive cleavage) methods. the analyses demonstrate that the structure of the lignins from these plants is highly remarkable, being extensively acylated at the gamma-carbon of the lignin side chain (up to 80% acylation) with ac ... | 2008 | 18823124 |
| novel tetrahydrofuran structures derived from beta-beta-coupling reactions involving sinapyl acetate in kenaf lignins. | free radical coupling of sinapyl gamma-acetate or cross-coupling between sinapyl acetate and sinapyl alcohol yields novel tetrahydrofuran beta-beta-(cross-)coupled dehydrodimers. such substructures are therefore anticipated in naturally acetylated lignins, e.g. in kenaf, if sinapyl acetate is a component of the lignin monomer pool. the dfrc (derivatization followed by reductive cleavage) method, modified by replacing all acetyl reagents and solvents with their propionyl analogs (dfrc'), allows t ... | 2008 | 18843398 |
| prevalence of psychoactive substance use among commercial motorcyclists and its health and social consequences in zaria, nigeria. | in recent years commercial motorcyclists (okada riders) have come to bridge the huge public transport gap in most cities across the country. however, this is not without the dangers they pose to themselves, passengers and to other road users. it is claimed that some of these okada riders operate under the influence of drugs and other substances. but there are few community-based studies that have investigated the problem in this part of nigeria. therefore, this study was conducted to determine t ... | 2008 | 19143162 |
| molecular characterization and sequence variability of betasatellites associated with leaf curl disease of kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus l.) from different geographical locations of india. | leaf curl disease of kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus l.) in india has been found to be associated with begomoviruses and betasatellites. here, we report the molecular characterization and phylogenetic relationship of the nine isolates of betasatellites obtained from three geographical locations in india. the betasatellites coming from northern and eastern region of india shared 84.3% nucleotide sequence identity and formed two sub-clusters within the main cluster containing different isolates of cott ... | 2008 | 19143482 |
| assessment of pb uptake, translocation and immobilization in kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus l.) for phytoremediation of sand tailings. | the potential of kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus l.) for phytoremediation of lead (pb) on sand tailings was investigated. a pot experiment employing factorial design with two main effects of fertilizer and lead was conducted in a nursery using sand tailings from an ex-tin mine as the growing medium. results showed that pb was found in the root, stem, and seed capsule of kenaf but not in the leaf. application of organic fertilizer promoted greater biomass yield as well as higher accumulation capacity ... | 2008 | 19202874 |