| improvements for observing anthurium (araceae) floral structures by light microscopy. | three major obstacles must be overcome in the anatomical study of anthurium floral structure and embryo development including presence of mucilage, hardened carpel walls, and hardened seed coat in the developing fruit and seed. fixation in 6% glutaraldehyde and 1% cetylpyridinium chloride in 0.05 m sodium cacodylate, ph 6.8, effectively fixed or removed mucilage from the locules of anthurium andraeanum hort. in spadices. this treatment enhanced infiltration of the embedding medium through the ha ... | 1995 | 8580204 |
| in vitro propagation of three commercial cut flower cultivars of anthurium andraeanum hort. | in vitro propagation of anthurium andraeanum hort. cut flower cultivars viz. lima white, tropical white and tropical red through organogenesis using mature plant derived leaf explants was established on murashige and skoog (ms) medium fortified with different growth regulators. cultivar, stage and different regions of the source leaf, and type of growth regulators significantly influenced callus induction. explants from folded brown leaves were superior in induction of callus. half strength ms m ... | 2003 | 15255608 |
| molecular characterisation of xanthomonas strains isolated from aroids in mauritius. | mauritius is one of the largest world producers of anthurium cut flowers but outbreaks of bacterial blight have never been reported on the island. this work was about the characterisation and identification of bacterial strains isolated from anthurium andreanum, dieffenbachia maculata and aglaonema simplex in mauritius. fifteen strains, that showed the morphological properties of xanthomonas on conventional media, were tested on two semi-selective media (esculin-trehalose and cellobiose-starch). ... | 2005 | 15997710 |
| metabolic engineering of anthocyanin biosynthesis in escherichia coli. | anthocyanins are red, purple, or blue plant pigments that belong to the family of polyphenolic compounds collectively called flavonoids. their demonstrated antioxidant properties and economic importance to the dye, fruit, and cut-flower industries have driven intensive research into their metabolic biosynthetic pathways. in order to produce stable, glycosylated anthocyanins from colorless flavanones such as naringenin and eriodictyol, a four-step metabolic pathway was constructed that contained ... | 2005 | 16000769 |
| specific detection of xanthomonas axonopodis pv. dieffenbachiae in anthurium (anthurium andreanum) tissues by nested pcr. | efficient control of xanthomonas axonopodis pv. dieffenbachiae, the causal agent of anthurium bacterial blight, requires a sensitive and reliable diagnostic tool. a nested pcr test was developed from a sequence-characterized amplified region marker identified by randomly amplified polymorphic dna pcr for the detection of x. axonopodis pv. dieffenbachiae. serological and pathogenicity tests were performed concurrently with the nested pcr test with a large collection of x. axonopodis pv. dieffenba ... | 2006 | 16461651 |
| genetic basis of resistance to systemic infection by xanthomonas axonopodis pv. dieffenbachiae in anthurium. | the genetic basis of systemic resistance to bacterial blight disease (blight) of anthurium (anthurium andraeanum) caused by xanthomonas axonopodis pv. dieffenbachiae was investigated in progenies of 53 crosses involving 31 parent cultivars using segregation analysis. inoculation of parents and progenies was achieved by injecting the petiole base of the most recent fully expanded leaf with 100 microl of 10(9) colony forming units per ml of the blight pathogen (strain x4gfp) transformed with the g ... | 2008 | 18944190 |
| micropropagation and organogenesis of anthurium andreanum lind cv rubrun. | tissue culture techniques are routinely used for mass propagation and the establishment of disease free stock material. virtually all pot type anthuriums available in the market today are produced by tissue culture. in this chapter, we describe an efficient protocol to obtain anthurium andreanum cv rubrun vitro plants through micropropagation and organogenesis. seeds from plant spadixes were germinated on ms medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l ba. micro-cuttings from in vitro germinated seedlings ... | 2010 | 20099085 |
| seeking a way to promote the use of constructed wetlands for domestic wastewater treatment in developing countries. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the domestic wastewater treatment efficiency as well as the survivability of commercially valuable ornamental plants in subsurface flow wetlands (ssfw) for domestic wastewater (dww) treatment in laboratory and pilot wetland studies. the laboratory scale study included five different species (zantedeschia aethiopica, strelitzia reginae, anthurium andreanum, canna hybrids and hemmerocallis dumortieri) that were evaluated in horizontal flow subsurface treatment ... | 2011 | 21330710 |
| zygotic embryogenesis in anthurium (araceae). | morphological, anatomical, and histochemical aspects of zygotic embryogenesis by anthurium andraeanum lind. were investigated from 4 to 24 wk postpollination. anatomical features were correlated with morphology of the spadix and capacity of embryos to germinate in vitro. development from a single-cell zygote to fully mature seed takes 24 wk. the suspensor was two ranked and obvious during the early stages of embryogeny. it was apparent by week 8, substantial until week 14, and diminished rapidly ... | 1998 | 21680314 |
| evaluation of predation abilities of blattisocius dolichus (acari: blattisociidae) on a plant-parasitic nematode, radopholus similis (tylenchida: pratylenchidae). | predation and predatory behavior of blattisocius dolichus on radopholus similis were tested both in experimental arenas and on potted plants. predation occurred in all active stages of b. dolichus. blattisocius dolichus preferred live r. similis when offered together with caneorhabditis elegans and dead r. similis in a choice test. consumption rate was affected by temperature, prey density and duration of starvation. maximum consumption rates were observed at 25 °c, for both adult males and fema ... | 2012 | 23269565 |
| bacterial communities associated with different anthurium andraeanum l. plant tissues. | plant-associated microbes have specific beneficial functions and are considered key drivers for plant health. the bacterial community structure of healthy anthurium andraeanum l. plants was studied by 16s rrna gene pyrosequencing associated with different plant parts and the rhizosphere. a limited number of bacterial taxa, i.e., sinorhizobium, fimbriimonadales, and gammaproteobacteria htcc2089 were enriched in the a. andraeanum rhizosphere. endophytes were more diverse in the roots than in the s ... | 2016 | 27524305 |
| screening promoters for anthurium transformation using transient expression. | key message : there are multiple publications on anthurium transformation, yet a commercial product has not been achieved. this may be due to use of non-optimum promoters here we address this problem. different promoters and tissue types were evaluated for transient β-glucuronidase (gus) expression in anthurium andraeanum hort. 'marian seefurth' following microprojectile bombardment. plasmids containing the ubiquitin 2, actin 1, cytochrome c1 from rice, ubiquitin 1 from maize and 35s promoter fr ... | 2013 | 23283558 |
| improvement of catechin production in escherichia coli through combinatorial metabolic engineering. | reconstruction of highly efficient biosynthesis pathways is essential for the production of valuable plant secondary metabolites in recombinant microorganisms. in order to improve the titer of green tea catechins in escherichia coli, combinatorial strategies were employed using the epathbrick vectors to express the committed catechin pathway: flavanone 3β-hydroxylase (f3h), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (dfr), and leucoanthocyanidin reductase (lar). three f3h, three dfr, and two lar genes originat ... | 2015 | 25527438 |
| in silico identification of alternative oxidase 2 (aox2) in monocots: a new evolutionary scenario. | we identified aox2 genes in monocot species from lemnoideae (spirodela polyrhiza, lemna gibba and landoltia punctata), pothoideae (anthurium andraeanum and anthurium amnicola) and monsteroideae (epipremnum aureum) subfamilies within the araceae, an early-diverging monocot family. these findings highlight the presence of aox2 in the most ancient monocot ancestor and also that at least partial loss of this gene occurred during speciation events within several monocot orders. the presence of aox2 i ... | 2017 | 28081503 |
| isolation and characterization of a r2r3-myb transcription factor gene related to anthocyanin biosynthesis in the spathes of anthurium andraeanum (hort.). | a r2r3-myb gene aamyb2 was isolated from anthurium andraeanum (hort.) and was functionally characterized to be a positive transcriptional regulator for anthocyanin biosynthesis in the spathes and leaves. spathe coloration is an important anthurium andraeanum (hort.) characteristic, which is mainly contributed by anthocyanins. r2r3-myb transcription factors (tfs) are important regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis in plants. here we describe the identification and characterization of aamyb2, a m ... | 2016 | 27424029 |
| effects of diffuse light on radiation use efficiency of two anthurium cultivars depend on the response of stomatal conductance to dynamic light intensity. | the stimulating effect of diffuse light on radiation use efficiency (rue) of crops is often explained by the more homogeneous spatial light distribution, while rarely considering differences in temporal light distribution at leaf level. this study investigated whether diffuse light effects on crop rue can be explained by dynamic responses of leaf photosynthesis to temporal changes of photosynthetic photon flux density (ppfd). two anthurium andreanum cultivars ('pink champion' and 'royal champion ... | 2016 | 26870071 |
| phenotype and transcriptome analysis reveals chloroplast development and pigment biosynthesis together influenced the leaf color formation in mutants of anthurium andraeanum 'sonate'. | leaf color is one of the well-sought traits in breeding program for anthurium andraeanum lind. knowledge of mechanisms in anthuriums to produce leaves with different shades of green would help to effectively select desirable traits. in this study, the micro- and ultra-structural and physiological features of leaves on wild type and leaf color mutants (dark green, rubescent, etiolated, albino) in a. andraeanum 'sonate' were analyzed. results show that chloroplasts of leaf color mutants exhibited ... | 2015 | 25814997 |
| comparative transcriptome analysis of anthurium "albama" and its anthocyanin-loss mutant. | anthurium is one of the most important tropical ornamental plants in the world. the traded value of anthurium is second only to that of tropical orchids among the tropical flowers. the spathe is the main ornamental organ and its color variation mainly arises from anthocyanin contents. understanding the molecular regulation of spathe color will accelerate new variety creation of anthurium. to announce gene expression differences between anthurium andraeanum 'albama' and its one unique anthocyanin ... | 2015 | 25781998 |
| chemotaxonomy of hawaiian anthurium cultivars based on multivariate analysis of phenolic metabolites. | thirty-six anthurium varieties, sampled from species and commercial cultivars, were extracted and profiled by liquid-chromatography-mass spectrometry (hplc-ms). three hundred fifteen compounds, including anthocyanins, flavonoid glycosides, and other phenolics, were detected from these extracts and used in chemotaxonomic analysis of the specimens. hierarchical cluster analysis (hca) revealed close chemical similarities between all the commercial standard cultivars, while tulip-shaped cultivars an ... | 2014 | 25376013 |
| molecular characterization of anthurium genotypes by using dna fingerprinting and spar markers. | we characterized single primer amplification reaction (spar) molecular markers from 20 genotypes of anthurium andraeanum lind., including 3 from commercial varieties and 17 from 2 communities in the state of espírito santo, brazil. twenty-four spar, consisting of 7 random amplified polymorphic dna and 17 inter-simple sequence repeat markers were used to estimate the genetic diversity of 20 anthurium accessions. the set of spar markers generated 288 bands and showed an average polymorphism percen ... | 2014 | 25062412 |
| a molecular assessment of the genetic model of spathe color inheritance in anthurium andraeanum (hort.). | past genetic studies have shown three independent loci designated o, r and m control spathe color in anthurium andraeanum (hort.). to evaluate the genetic model and to understand the control of anthocyanin biosynthesis at the molecular level, the expression of the anthocyanin biosynthetic genes, chs, f3h, dfr, ans and f3'h, was examined at the mrna and protein levels and correlated to anthocyanin content and spathe color in eight genetically characterized anthurium cultivars representing differe ... | 2014 | 24363030 |
| cloning and functional analysis of a novel ascorbate peroxidase (apx) gene from anthurium andraeanum. | an 888-bp full-length ascorbate peroxidase (apx) complementary dna (cdna) gene was cloned from anthurium andraeanum, and designated as anapx. it contains a 110-bp 5'-noncoding region, a 28-bp 3'-noncoding region, and a 750-bp open reading frame (orf). this protein is hydrophilic with an aliphatic index of 81.64 and its structure consisting of α-helixes, β-turns, and random coils. the anapx protein showed 93%, 87%, 87%, 87%, and 86% similarities to the apx homologs from zantedeschia aethiopica, v ... | 2013 | 24302711 |
| de novo characterization of the anthurium transcriptome and analysis of its digital gene expression under cold stress. | anthurium andraeanum is one of the most popular tropical flowers. in temperate and cold zones, a much greater risk of cold stress occurs in the supply of anthurium plants. unlike the freeze-tolerant model plants, anthurium plants are particularly sensitive to low temperatures. improvement of chilling tolerance in anthurium may significantly increase its production and extend its shelf-life. to date, no previous genomic information has been reported in anthurium plants. | 2013 | 24267953 |
| effect of pretreatment on biomass residue structure and the application of pyrolysed and composted biomass residues in soilless culture. | the changes in the structural characteristics of biomass residues during pyrolysis and composting were investigated. the biomass residues particles were prepared by pyrolysing at temperatures ranging from 350 to 400. for soilless production of the ornamental plant anthurium andraeanum, pure sphagnum peat moss (p) has traditionally been used as the growing medium. this use of p must be reduced, however, because p is an expensive and nonrenewable resource. the current study investigated the use of ... | 2013 | 23704995 |
| paratylenchus shenzhenensis n. sp. (nematoda: paratylenchinae) from the rhizosphere soil of anthurium andraeanum in china. | paratylenchus shenzhenensis n. sp. was collected from the rhizosphere soil of anthurium andraeanum in shenzhen, guangdong province, china. the new species is characterized by having a female with a small body (249-302 μm), well developed stylet (17-21 μm), rounded head with four submedian lobes and lip-region with a slight depression at the oral area, small post-vulval uterine sac with a few vestigial cells; male with body dorsally curved behind the cloacal opening, stylet absent, pharynx degene ... | 2013 | 25113686 |
| flavone c-glycosides from anthurium andraeanum. | we describe here the isolation of three flavone 6-c-glycosides from the leaves of anthurium andraeanum, the two new flavones were identified through detailed spectroscopic analysis as 4"'-(3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl)-embinin (2) and 4"'-ferruloyl-embinin (3). | 2012 | 22816298 |
| somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in anthurium andraeanum hybrids. | a method for the production of somatic embryos and subsequent plant regeneration for anthurium andraeanum linden ex andré (monocotyledonae) hybrids is described. whole leaf blade explants, derived from plantlets grown in vitro, formed translucent embryogénic calli at their basal ends within one month of culture in the dark. secondary somatic embryos formed frequently and without an intervening callus on surfaces of primary embryos. embryogenesis was induced with three genotypes using a modified ... | 1992 | 24201585 |