| role of the helper component in vector-specific transmission of potyviruses. | four aphid species were tested for their ability to transmit tobacco etch (tev) and turnip mosaic (tumv) potyviruses. myzus persicae and aphis gossypii transmitted both viruses efficiently from infected plants, whereas lipaphis erysimi transmitted only tumv and myzus ascalonicus was a poor or non-transmitter of either virus. similar electrically monitored probing patterns were produced by m. persicae, l. erysimi and m. ascalonicus, ruling out behavioural differences as the cause of differential ... | 1998 | 9634096 |
| [behavior response of four leis axyridis varieties to volatiles from tea and toxoptera aurantii]. | the behavior response of the adults of four leis axyridis varieties to kairomone from taxoptera aurantii was determined by y-shape olfaction instrument. the results showed that when supplied with two-two-combinations of taxoptera aurantii, brevicoryne brassicae and lipaphis erysimi, tea aphids plus aphid-damaged vs. normal shoots, and aphid-damaged vs. normal shoots, leis axyridis had a preference for tea aphids, tea aphids plus aphid-damaged tea shoots, or aphid-damaged tea shoots. there existe ... | 2000 | 11767644 |
| aphid transmission of a potyvirus depends on suitability of the helper component and the n terminus of the coat protein. | the present study investigates the specificity of potyviruses for aphid species. two potyviruses differing in their host range were used: zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv) mainly infecting cucurbits and turnip mosaic virus (tumv) mainly infecting crucifers. two sets of aphids species were used as vectors, one polyphagous (myzus persicae and aphis gossypii) and the other from crucifers (brevicoryne brassicae and lipaphis erysimi). evidence is provided that the specificity between a vector and a ... | 2005 | 15503223 |
| insecticidal activity of arum maculatum tuber lectin and its binding to the glycosylated insect gut receptors. | mannose binding approximately 50 kda homotetrameric lectin, purified from edible arum maculatum tuber, was analyzed through sds-page and studied for its agglutination property using rabbit erythrocytes. cross reactivity of the purified lectin was verified through western blot using colocasia esculantum(family, araceae) tuber lectin antibody. the insecticidal activity of arum maculatum tuber lectin (atl) was tested against two economically important sucking pests, lipaphis erysimi and aphis cracc ... | 2005 | 16104791 |
| cis-jasmone induces arabidopsis genes that affect the chemical ecology of multitrophic interactions with aphids and their parasitoids. | it is of adaptive value for a plant to prepare its defenses when a threat is detected, and certain plant volatiles associated with insect damage, such as cis-jasmone (cj), are known to switch-on defense metabolism. we used aphid and aphid parasitoid responses to arabidopsis thaliana as a model system for studying gene expression and defense chemistry and its impact at different trophic levels. differential responses to volatiles of induced arabidopsis occurred for specialist and generalist insec ... | 2008 | 18356298 |
| [quality of different aphids as hosts of the parasitoid lysiphlebus testaceipes (cresson) (hymenoptera: braconidae, aphidiinae)]. | lysiphlebus testaceipes (cresson) has a broad aphid host range; however the quality of these preys may interfere in its biological feature. this study aimed to evaluate the quality of three macrosiphini, brevicoryne brassicae (l.), lipaphis erysimi (kaltenbach) and myzus persicae (sulzer), and three aphidini schizaphis graminum (rondani) rhopalosiphum maidis (fitch) and aphis gossypii glover as hosts to l. testaceipes and to determine the relation possible of host preference, of size and quality ... | 2008 | 18506297 |
| pathogenic fungi and parasitoids of aphids present in air captures of migratory alates in the low-latitude plateau of yunnan, china. | to survey fungal pathogens and parasitoids of aphids in the low-latitude plateau of yunnan, southwest china, 3,553 migratory alates of brevicoryne brassicae, lipaphis erysimi, and myzus persicae were attracted to a yellow-plus-plant trap from air during a full-year period and individually reared on cabbage leaves for 7-14 d at 18-22 degrees c and l:d 12:12. among the trapped alates, 19.2% were killed by 10 species of aphid-pathogenic fungi after survival of 2.3 d (range, 1-7 d). another 2.8% wer ... | 2008 | 19036206 |
| [potential of metarhizium anisopliae and beauveria bassiana isolates and neem oil to control the aphid lipaphis erysimi (kalt.) (hemiptera: aphididae)]. | this work aimed to determine the efficiency of the entomopathogenic fungi metarhizium anisopliae and beauveria bassiana to control the aphid lipaphis erysimi (kalt.) (hemiptera: aphididae) in kale brassica oleracea var acephala d.c., as well as their compatibility with a neem oil formulation (neemseto). ten isolates of both fungi were tested and the most pathogenic ones were b. bassiana cg001 and m. anisopliae cg30 with 90% and 4.4 days, and 64% and 3.8 days of mortality and median lethal time, ... | 2009 | 19768273 |
| cytotoxic and insecticidal activities of derivatives of harmine, a natural insecticidal component isolated from peganum harmala. | in a continuing effort to develop novel β-carbolines endowed with better insecticidal activity, a simple high-yielding method for the synthesis of harmine compounds starting from l-tryptophan has been developed and a series of 1,3-substituted β-carboline derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxicity against insect cultured sf9 cell line in vitro and insecticidal activities against 4th instar larvae of mosquitos, culex pipiens quinquefasciatus and mustard aphid, lipaphis ... | 2010 | 21060288 |
| functional alteration of a dimeric insecticidal lectin to a monomeric antifungal protein correlated to its oligomeric status. | allium sativum leaf agglutinin (asal) is a 25-kda homodimeric, insecticidal, mannose binding lectin whose subunits are assembled by the c-terminal exchange process. an attempt was made to convert dimeric asal into a monomeric form to correlate the relevance of quaternary association of subunits and their functional specificity. using swiss-model program a stable monomer was designed by altering five amino acid residues near the c-terminus of asal. | 2011 | 21490929 |
| influence of nine surfactants on the activity of oxytetracycline hydrochloride against lipaphis erysimi kalt. | the effect of nine surfactants on the activity of oxytetracycline hydrochloride (oct) was investigated against lipaphis erysimi kalt feeding on cabbage plants. all the surfactants, except emulgator el and emulgator ip, at 0.1% increased the efficacy of otc at 0.25% and the maximum reduction of 83.93% in fertility was observed for the combination otc+arkopal n-110. the nymphal development was delayed by various treatments. the treated adults were lighter in weight and smaller in size compared to ... | 1964 | 1206011 |
| comprehensive evaluation of candidate reference genes for qrt-pcr studies of gene expression in mustard aphid, lipaphis erysimi (kalt). | mustard aphid, also known as turnip aphid (lipaphis erysimi) is a major insect pest of rapeseed-mustard group of crops. tremendous economic significance has led to substantial basic research involving gene-expression studies in this insect species. in qrt-pcr analysis of gene-expression, normalization of data against rna variation by using appropriate reference gene is fundamental. however, appropriate reference genes are not known in case of l. erysimi. we evaluated 11 candidate reference genes ... | 2016 | 27165720 |
| the herbivore-induced plant volatiles methyl salicylate and menthol positively affect growth and pathogenicity of entomopathogenic fungi. | some herbivore-induced-plant volatiles (hipvs) compounds are vital for the functioning of an ecosystem, by triggering multi-trophic interactions for natural enemies, plants and herbivores. however, the effect of these chemicals, which play a crucial role in regulating the multi-trophic interactions between plant-herbivore-entomopathogenic fungi, is still unknown. to fill this scientific gap, we therefore investigated how these chemicals influence the entomopathogenic fungi growth and efficacy. i ... | 2017 | 28079180 |
| volatiles from plants induced by multiple aphid attacks promote conidial performance of lecanicillium lecanii. | herbivore-induced plant volatiles (hipvs) are clues that help predatory insects search for food. the hypothesis that entomopathogenic fungi, which protect plants, benefit from the release of hipvs was tested. the plant arabidopsis thaliana was used as the source of hipvs. the insect herbivore lipaphis erysimi (kaltenbach) was used as the inducer, and the fungal pathogen of the aphid lecanicillium lecanii was exposed to hipvs to test our hypothesis. when exposed to aphid-induced a. thaliana volat ... | 2016 | 26999795 |
| effect of eupatorium adenophorum spreng leaf extracts on the mustard aphid, lipaphis erysimi kalt: a scanning electron microscope study. | scanning electron microscopic study revealed some remarkable adverse effects of eupatorium adenophorum spreng leaf extract on cuticular and antennal sensilla of the mustard aphid, lipaphis erysimi kalt. the study appears to be the first of its kind in providing evidence on toxic property of the plant on certain agricultural pests, although the indigenous tribes of the region know the insecticidal property of the plant for a long time. the study further provides indications regarding the neurotox ... | 2005 | 15816031 |
| development of selectable marker free, insect resistant, transgenic mustard (brassica juncea) plants using cre/lox mediated recombination. | antibiotic/ herbicide resistant marker genes have been proven to be very useful in plant transformation for the initial selection of desired transgenic events. however, presence of these genes in the genetically modified crops may render the crop less acceptable to the consumers. among several different approaches, the effectiveness of cre/lox mediated recombination strategy for selectable marker gene (smg) elimination has previously been demonstrated by different groups in several plants includ ... | 2013 | 24144281 |
| identification of receptors responsible for binding of the mannose specific lectin to the gut epithelial membrane of the target insects. | the sap-sucking homopteran insects, commonly known as aphids and leafhoppers are responsible for a huge amount of lost productivity of mustard, chickpea, cabbage, rice and many other important crops. due to their unique feeding habits and ability to build up a huge population in a very short time, they are very difficult to control. the objective of the ongoing program is to develop insect-resistant crop species through genetic engineering techniques to combat the yield losses, which necessitate ... | 2004 | 15454690 |
| the interactions of allium sativum leaf agglutinin with a chaperonin group of unique receptor protein isolated from a bacterial endosymbiont of the mustard aphid. | the homopteran sucking insect, lipaphis erysimi (mustard aphid) causes severe damage to various crops. this pest not only affects plants by sucking on the phloem, but it also transmits single-stranded rna luteoviruses while feeding, which cause disease and damage in the crop. the mannose-binding allium sativum (garlic) leaf lectin has been found to be a potent control agent of l. erysimi. the lectin receptor protein isolated from brush border membrane vesicle of insect gut was purified to determ ... | 2004 | 15028723 |
| reliable screening technique for evaluation of wild crucifers against mustard aphid lipaphis erysimi (kalt.). | wild crucifers namely arabidopsis thaliana, brassica fruticulosa, b. rugosa, b. spinescens, b. tournefortii, camelina sativa, capsella bursa-pastoris, crambe abysinnica, cronopus didymus, diplotaxis assurgens, d. gomez-campoi, d. muralis, d. siettiana, d. tenuisiliqua, enatharocarpus lyratus, lepidium sativum and sinapis alba along with five cultivated brassica species including b. rapa (bsh-1), b. juncea (rohini), b. napus (gsc-6), b. carinata (dlsc-2) and eruca sativa (t-27) were screened agai ... | 2014 | 25651614 |
| [repellent effect of volatile oil from whitefly (syngonium podophyllum) on aphids and its chemical constituents]. | the interference effect of volatile oil from whitefly (syngonium podophyllum) on aptera aphid, guard aphid (aphis gossypii), mustard aphid (lipaphis erysimi) and red peach aphid (myzus persicae) was studied by using four arms olfraetometes. the results showed that the volatile oil had distinct repelling effect. the staying periods of test aphids in test areas were obviously shorter than in control areas, and the selecting frequencies were less than the control, too. the volatile oil did not show ... | 2004 | 15320409 |
| [effect of plant alcohol extracts on vegetable aphids and their parasitoids]. | the repelling and controlling effect of alcohol extracts from 8 common plant species on 3 major vegetable aphids (myzus persicae, aphis gossypii and lipaphis erysimi) were studied in the laboratory, and the effect on their parasitoid was also studied. the results showed that the test 8 plant species had some effects on 3 aphids. the plant alcohol extracts from tephrosia vogelli and cinnamomum camphora had the most effect. the deterrent rate on myzus persicae, aphis gossypii and lipaphis erysimi ... | 2003 | 12827881 |
| binding of insecticidal lectin colocasia esculenta tuber agglutinin (cea) to midgut receptors of bemisia tabaci and lipaphis erysimi provides clues to its insecticidal potential. | the insecticidal potential of galanthus nivalis agglutinin-related lectins against hemipterans has been experimentally proven. however, the basis behind the toxicity of these lectins against hemipterans remains elusive. the present study elucidates the molecular basis behind insecticidal efficacy of colocasia esculenta tuber agglutinin (cea) against bemisia tabaci and lipaphis erysimi. confocal microscopic analyses highlighted the binding of 25 kda stable homodimeric lectin to insect midgut. lig ... | 2014 | 24753494 |
| assessment of biotransfer and bioaccumulation of cadmium, lead and zinc from fly ash amended soil in mustard-aphid-beetle food chain. | the present study investigates the extent of biotransfer and bioaccumulation of cadmium (cd), lead (pb) and zinc (zn) from fly ash amended soil in mustard (brassica juncea)-aphid (lipaphis erysimi)-beetle (coccinella septempunctata) food chain and its subsequent implications for the beetle. the soil was amended with fly ash at the rates of 0, 5, 10, 20 and 40% (w/w). our results showed that the uptake of cd, pb and zn from soil to mustard root increased with the increase in fly ash application r ... | 2017 | 28153402 |
| functional characterization of rorippa indica defensin and its efficacy against lipaphis erysimi. | rorippa indica, a wild crucifer, has been previously reported as the first identified plant in the germplasm of brassicaceae known to be tolerant towards the mustard aphid lipaphis erysimi kaltenbach. we herein report the full-length cloning, expression, purification and characterization of a novel r. indica defensin (rid) and its efficacy against l. erysimi. structural analysis through homology modeling of rid showed longer α-helix and 3rd β-sheet as compared to brassica juncea defensin (bjd). ... | 2016 | 27186475 |
| (e)-β-farnesene gene reduces lipaphis erysimi colonization in transgenic brassica juncea lines. | aphids are the major concern that significantly reduces the yield of crops. (e)-β-farnesene (eβf) is the principal component of the alarm pheromone of many aphids. the results of current research support the direct defense response of (e)-β-farnesene (eβf) against aphid lipaphis erysimi (l.) kaltenbach in brassica juncea. eβf gene was isolated from mentha arvensis and transformed into b. juncea, showed direct repellent against aphid colonization. the seasonal mean population (smp) recorded under ... | 2015 | 26251882 |
| the transfer and fate of pb from sewage sludge amended soil in a multi-trophic food chain: a comparison with the labile elements cd and zn. | the contamination of agroecosystems due to the presence of trace elements in commonly used agricultural materials is a serious issue. the most contaminated material is usually sewage sludge, and the sustainable use of this material within agriculture is a major concern. this study addresses a key issue in this respect, the fate of trace metals applied to soil in food chains. the work particularly addresses the transfer of pb, which is an understudied element in this respect, and compares the tra ... | 2015 | 26070738 |
| mustard aphid infestation in india: development of forewarning models. | aphid lipaphis erysimi (kaltenbach) infestation on mustard (brassica juncea l.) account for considerable yield losses in india. experimental data from six north indian locations were used to study the role of weather on the incidence and development of mustard aphid. temperature was found to regulate the aphid appearance and population build-up. in warm humid climate, time to attain peak population was relatively shorter than in cool climates. aphids appeared mostly when the accumulated thermal ... | 2014 | 25004753 |
| elicitation of jasmonate-mediated host defense in brassica juncea (l.) attenuates population growth of mustard aphid lipaphis erysimi (kalt.). | the productivity of brassica oilseeds is severely affected by its major pest: aphids. unavailability of resistance source within the crossable germplasms has stalled the breeding efforts to derive aphid resistant cultivars. in this study, jasmonate-mediated host defense in indian mustard brassica juncea (l.) czern. was evaluated and compared with regard to its elicitation in response to mustard aphid lipaphis erysimi (kalt.) and the defense elicitor methyl jasmonate (mej). identification of jasm ... | 2014 | 24771023 |
| development and characterization of brassica juncea--fruticulosa introgression lines exhibiting resistance to mustard aphid (lipaphis erysimi kalt). | mustard aphid is a major pest of brassica oilseeds. no source for aphid resistance is presently available in brassica juncea. a wild crucifer, brassica fruticulosa is known to be resistant to mustard aphid. an artificially synthesized amphiploid, ad-4 (b. fruticulosa × b. rapa var. brown sarson) was developed for use as a bridge species to transfer fruticulosa resistance to b. juncea. using the selfed backcross we could select a large number of lines with resistance to mustard aphid. this paper ... | 2012 | 23181725 |
| preference and performance of hippodamia convergens (coleoptera: coccinellidae) and chrysoperla carnea (neuroptera: chrysopidae) on brevicoryne brassicae, lipaphis erysimi, and myzus persicae (hemiptera: aphididae) from winter-adapted canola. | in the southern plains of the united states, winter-adapted canola (brassica napus l.) is a recently introduced annual oilseed crop that has rapidly increased in hectares during the past 10 yr. winter canola fields are infested annually with populations of brevicoryne brassicae (l.) and lipaphis erysimi (kaltenbach), and these brassica specialists are known to sequester plant volatiles from host plants, producing a chemical defense system against predators. myzus persicae (sulzer) is also common ... | 2015 | 26313995 |
| efficacy of mosquito netting for sustainable small holders' cabbage production in africa. | the efficacy of a mosquito netting to protect cabbages, brassica oleracea l., against pests was investigated in field trials in benin, west africa. a polyester net covered the plants at night by using a wood armature. the net was removed during the day to prevent overheating and excessive shade, both problems of insect-proof screens used under tropical conditions. the number of all lepidopteran larvae with netting protection and foliar insecticide sprays was significantly lower than the unprotec ... | 2006 | 16686146 |
| a comparison of semiochemically mediated interactions involving specialist and generalist brassica-feeding aphids and the braconid parasitoid diaeretiella rapae. | diaeretiella rapae, a parasitoid that predominately specializes in the parasitism of brassica-feeding aphids, attacks lipaphis erysimi, a specialist feeding aphid of the brassicaceae and other families in the capparales, at a greater rate than the generalist-feeding aphid, myzus persicae. in this study, we investigated the orientation behavior of d. rapae to the volatile chemicals produced when these two aphid species feed on turnip (brassica rapa var rapifera). we showed no significant preferen ... | 2007 | 17333371 |
| attack rate and success of the parasitoid diaeretiella rapae on specialist and generalist feeding aphids. | lipaphis erysimi (kaltenbach) is a specialist crucifer feeding aphid and myzus persicae (sulzer) is a generalist feeding aphid. the foraging behavior of diaeretiella rapae (mcintosh), a parasitoid with the ability to parasitize both of these species, was assessed using a series of attack rate and success bioassays, with turnip, brassica rapa var rapifera, as the host plant. the attack rate of d. rapae was significantly greater on l. erysimi than on m. persicae when aphids were feeding on turnip ... | 2004 | 15586674 |
| intergeneric hybridization between erucastrum canariense and brassica rapa. genetic relatedness between e(c) and a genomes. | an intergeneric hybrid between a wild species, erucastrum canariense (2n = 18; e(c)e(c)), and a cultivated oilseed brassica species, brassica rapa (2n = 20; aa), was synthesized through ovary culture in white's basal medium supplemented with casein hydrolysate. morphological, cytological and dna-based analysis helped to establish the hybrid nature of the derived plants. hybrid plants were morphologically intermediate between the two parents and were completely male, as well as female sterile. cy ... | 2002 | 12582489 |
| host quality of different aphid species for rearing diaeretiella rapae (mcintosh) (hymenoptera: braconidae). | this study aimed to evaluate the quality of the aphid myzus persicae (sulzer), lipaphis erysimi (kaltenbach) and brevicoryne brassicae (l.) as hosts for the parasitoid diaeretiella rapae (mcintosh). parasitization by d. rapae was higher on m. persicae than on l. erysimi and b. brassicae. the time of development of d. rapae from egg to mummy or egg to adult male or female were shorter on m. persicae than on l. erysimi and b. brassicae. moreover, d. rapae showed no significant differences in the e ... | 2011 | 21952965 |
| spatial organization of the glucosinolate-myrosinase system in brassica specialist aphids is similar to that of the host plant. | secondary metabolites are important in plant defence against pests and diseases. similarly, insects can use plant secondary metabolites in defence and, in some cases, synthesize their own products. the paper describes how two specialist brassica feeders, brevicoryne brassicae (cabbage aphid) and lipaphis erysimi (turnip aphid) can sequester glucosinolates (thioglucosides) from their host plants, yet avoid the generation of toxic degradation products by compartmentalizing myrosinase (thioglucosid ... | 2002 | 11798435 |
| predation and searching efficiency of a ladybird beetle, coccinella septempunctata linnaeus in laboratory environment. | the predation and searching efficiency of fourth instar of predatory c. septempunctata at various densities of mustard aphid, lipaphis erysimi (kaltenbach) and predator was investigated under laboratory conditions. the feeding rate of predatory stage decreased at increased prey- and predator densities. highest percent (92.80%) prey consumption was observed at initial prey density and lowest percent (40.86%) prey consumption at highest prey density by the fourth instar, though the total prey cons ... | 2003 | 15267141 |
| nickel hyperaccumulation as an elemental defense of streptanthus polygaloides (brassicaceae): influence of herbivore feeding mode. | no study of a single nickel (ni) hyperaccumulator species has investigated the impact of hyperaccumulation on herbivores representing a variety of feeding modes. streptanthus polygaloides plants were grown on high- or low-ni soils and a series of no-choice and choice feeding experiments was conducted using eight arthropod herbivores. herbivores used were two leaf-chewing folivores (the grasshopper melanoplus femurrubrum and the lepidopteran evergestis rimosalis), a dipteran rhizovore (the cabbag ... | 2005 | 16219073 |
| homo- and hetero-dimers of inactive organophosphorous group binding at dual sites of ache. | homo- and hetero-dimers of inactive organophosphorous group(s) dramatically enhanced the acetylcholinesterase (ache; ec 3.1.1.7) inhibiting potency, with the highest potency observed at a tether length of 6 methylene groups (6d) for the homodimers, and 7 methylene groups (8e) for the heterodimers. the docking model of drosophila melanogaster ache suggested that 6d and 8e bound at the catalytic and peripheral sites of ache, in which two organophosphorous groups of 6d individually oriented towards ... | 2011 | 21940169 |
| establishing alighting preferences and species transmission differences for pea seed-borne mosaic virus aphid vectors. | pea seed-borne mosaic virus (psbmv) infection causes a serious disease of field pea (pisum sativum) crops worldwide. the psbmv transmission efficiencies of five aphid species previously found landing in south-west australian pea crops in which psbmv was spreading were studied. with plants of susceptible pea cv. kaspa, the transmission efficiencies of aphis craccivora, myzus persicae, acyrthosiphon kondoi and rhopalosiphum padi were 27%, 26%, 6% and 3%, respectively. lipaphis erysimi did not tran ... | 2017 | 28408208 |
| host selection, development, survival, and reproduction of turnip aphid (homoptera: aphididae) on green and red cabbage varieties. | host selection, development, survival, and reproduction of the turnip aphid, lipaphis erysimi (kaltenbach), on selected green and red cabbage varieties, brassicae oleracea l. variety capitata, were studied in the laboratory. although numbers of alate l. erysimi on different varieties varied generally, more alate adults and nymphs were observed on green than on red varieties on day 3; whereas, these differences were not so significant on day 15. there were no significant differences in alate adul ... | 2000 | 10985047 |
| assessment of imidacloprid in brassica environment. | imidacloprid was applied as seed treatment (gaucho 70 ws, 5 and 10 g ai kg(-1) seed) and foliar spray (confidor 200 sl, 20 and 40 g ai ha(-1)) at 50% pod formation stage on mustard (brassica campestris linn.) to control mustard aphid, lipaphis erysimi kalt. it was detectable upto 82 and 96 days in plants after sowing from lower and higher doses of seed treatment. however, it dissipated faster and became nondetectable after 7 and 15 days of foliar treatments from lower and higher rates of applica ... | 2001 | 11599725 |
| overexpression of biologically safe rorippa indica defensin enhances aphid tolerance in brassica juncea. | transgenic mustard plants ( brassica juncea ) expressing non-allergenic and biologically safe rid peptide show higher tolerance against lipaphis erysimi. rorippa indica defensin (rid) has previously been reported as a novel insecticidal protein derived from a wild crucifer rorippa indica. rid was found to have an effective insecticidal property against mustard aphid, lipaphis erysimi. in the present study, rid was highly upregulated in r. indica during aphid infestation initiating a defense syst ... | 2017 | 28770337 |
| development of pr genes panel for screening aphid-tolerant cultivars in brassica juncea. | the exorbitant yield loss incurred by indian farmers every year (10-90%) in rapeseed-mustard (brassica juncea) is chiefly attributed to the progressive infestation of mustard fields by lipaphis erysimi (kalt.), a major insect pest belonging to the family of homoptera. currently there are no successful tolerant cultivars developed by conventional means in brassica juncea with systemic plant responses in the form of direct or indirect defenses against aphid attack. lack of specific methods for scr ... | 2017 | 28573399 |
| design, synthesis and insecticidal activity of novel hydrocarbylidene nitrohydrazinecarboximidamides. | neonicotinoids, among the most important pesticides in recent decades, have played pivotal roles in controlling agricultural pests. however, the toxicity to some environmentally beneficial insects is a cause of concern. the development of novel insecticides safer to these insects is increasingly urgent. | 2017 | 28247562 |
| finish line plant-insect interactions mediated by insect feeding mode and plant interference: a case study of brassica interactions with diamondback moth and turnip aphid. | there are gaps in our understanding of plant responses under different insect phytophagy modes and their subsequent effects on the insect herbivores' performance at late season. here we compared different types of insect feeding by an aphid, lipaphis erysimi, and a lepidopteran, plutella xylostella, and how this affected defensive metabolites in leaves of 2 brassica species when plants gain maturity. thiocyanate concentrations after p. xylostella and l. erysimi feeding activities were the same. ... | 2017 | 28092131 |
| a novel insecticidal peptide slp1 produced by streptomyces laindensis h008 against lipaphis erysimi. | aphids are major insect pests for crops, causing damage by direct feeding and transmission of plant diseases. this paper was completed to discover and characterize a novel insecticidal metabolite against aphids from soil actinobacteria. an insecticidal activity assay was used to screen 180 bacterial strains from soil samples against mustard aphid, lipaphis erysimi. the bacterial strain h008 showed the strongest activity, and it was identified by the phylogenetic analysis of the 16s rrna gene and ... | 2016 | 27556442 |
| metabolism, excretion and avoidance of cyanogenic glucosides in insects with different feeding specialisations. | cyanogenic glucosides (cnglcs) are widespread plant defence compounds releasing toxic hydrogen cyanide when hydrolysed by specific β-glucosidases after plant tissue damage. in contrast to specialist herbivores that have mechanisms to avoid toxicity from cnglcs, it is generally assumed that non-adapted herbivores are negatively affected by cnglcs. recent evidence, however, implies that the defence potential of cnglcs towards herbivores may not be as effective as previously anticipated. here, perf ... | 2015 | 26483288 |
| insecticidal constituents and activity of alkaloids from cynanchum mongolicum. | based on ms and nmr data and bioassay-guided tracing, three insecticidal alkaloids i, ii and iii from cynanchum mongolicum were identified to be antofine n-oxide, antofine and tylophorine. alkaloid i was more toxic than alkaloids ii and iii, but they were less active against spodoptera litura than total alkaloids. the contact toxicity from these alkaloids against the aphid lipaphis erysimi was significant, as the 24 h-lc50 values of alkaloids i, ii, iii and total alkaloids were 292.48, 367.21, 4 ... | 2015 | 26402660 |
| residue behavior of combination formulations of insecticides in/on cabbage and their efficacy against aphids and diamondback moth. | persistence behavior of insecticides chlorpyriphos, profenofos, triazophos, cypermethrin, and deltamethrin following the use of three combination formulations action 505 (chlorpyriphos + cypermethrin), roket 44ec (profenofos + cypermethrin), and anaconda plus (triazophos + deltamethrin) was studied in cabbage following the spray application at the recommended and double doses. bio-efficacy of these formulations was also evaluated against mustard aphids (lipaphis erysimi kaltenbach) and diamondba ... | 2015 | 25384368 |
| identification of genes involved in wild crucifer rorippa indica resistance response on mustard aphid lipaphis erysimi challenge. | mustard aphid, lipaphis erysimi (l.) kaltenbach is a perpetual annual threat in the cultivation of rapeseed- mustard (brassica spp.) crop in tropical and sub-tropical climate. cultivated brassica germplasm has failed so far to provide any source of resistance. wild germplasm is a potential source of resistance against many threatening herbivores. on wild germplasm screening, we noted that the wild crucifer rorippa indica (l.) hiern confers resistance against l. erysimi. in the present study l. e ... | 2013 | 24040008 |
| persistence of insecticides in ready-mix formulations and their efficacy against lipaphis erysimi (kalt) in cauliflower. | persistence of cypermethrin, deltamethrin, profenofos, and triazophos in cauliflower curd was studied, following application of two premix formulations viz: roket 44ec (profenofos 40 % + cypermethrin 4 %) and anaconda plus 36ec (triazophos 35 % + deltamethrin 1 %) at recommended (1.0 l ha(-1)) and double doses (2.0 l ha(-1)). in the case of roket 44ec, residues of cypermethrin dissipated with the half-life values of 1.5-2.1 days, whereas residues of profenofos dissipated with the half-life of 2. ... | 2013 | 22648021 |
| herbivory by a phloem-feeding insect inhibits floral volatile production. | there is extensive knowledge on the effects of insect herbivory on volatile emission from vegetative tissue, but little is known about its impact on floral volatiles. we show that herbivory by phloem-feeding aphids inhibits floral volatile emission in white mustard sinapis alba measured by gas chromatographic analysis of headspace volatiles. the effect of the brassica specialist aphid lipaphis erysimi was stronger than the generalist aphid myzus persicae and feeding by chewing larvae of the moth ... | 2012 | 22384116 |
| synthesis and insecticidal activity of novel carbamate derivatives as potential dual-binding site acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. | in biological systems, bivalent ligands often possess increased functional affinity for their receptors compared with monovalent ligands. on the basis of the structure of acetylcholinesterase (ache), a series of novel carbamate heterodimetic derivatives were designed and synthesized with the aim of increasing the potency toward ache inhibition. the ache inhibitory ability of all the novel compounds was tested using ache obtained from the brain of the housefly. the bioassay results showed that co ... | 2010 | 21114293 |
| host foraging for differentially adapted brassica-feeding aphids by the braconid parasitoid diaeretiella rapae. | interactions occurring in a tritrophic system comprising plants, aphids and parasitoids are of great complexity. the generalist endoparasitoid diaeretiella rapae (mcintosh) (hymenoptera: aphidiidae) displays specialist characteristics on brassica feeding aphids. previously, we studied differential signalling to d. rapae by specialist and generalist brassicaceae feeding aphids on turnip. we reported no differences in the attractiveness of volatile compounds from the two turnip/aphid complexes. ho ... | 2008 | 19704475 |
| quantitative structure-activity relationship of terpenoid aphid antifeedants. | a series of terpenoid compounds containing a six-member-ring were synthesized from alpha- and beta-pinenes. antifeedant activity of these terpenoid compounds were tested on the aphid, lipaphis erysimi (kalt.), with promising results. stepwise regression was applied to study the quantitative structure-activity relationship of these compounds. the statistically best model showed that the relative number of o atoms, molecular volume, homo-lumo energy gap, and total charge on the positively charged ... | 2008 | 18991452 |
| generalized aphid population growth models with immigration and cumulative-size dependent dynamics. | mechanistic models in which the per-capita death rate of a population is proportional to cumulative past size have been shown to describe adequately the population size curves for a number of aphid species. such previous cumulative-sized based models have not included immigration. the inclusion of immigration is suggested biologically as local aphid populations are initiated by migration of winged aphids and as reproduction is temperature-dependent. this paper investigates two models with consta ... | 2008 | 18715544 |
| insecticide susceptibility of surviving cotesia plutellae (hym: braconidae) and diaeretiella rapae (m'intosh) (hym: aphidiidae) as affected by sublethal insecticide dosages on host insects. | the effects of sublethal dosages of insecticides applied to plutella xylostella l. (lepidoptera: yponomeutidae) and lipaphis erysimi kaltenbach (homoptera: aphidiidae) on the insecticide susceptibility of the surviving endoparasitoids, cotesia plutellae kurdjumov (hymenoptera: braconidae) and diaeretiella rapae (m'intosh) (hymenoptera: aphidiidae), were studied in shangjie, minhou, china. the susceptibility to methamidophos and the sensitivity of acetylcholinesterase (ache) to methamidophos and ... | 2007 | 17533655 |
| studies on the role of six enzymes in the metabolism of kinetin in mustard aphid, lipaphis erysimi (kalt.). | the activity of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, o-demethylase, atpase and succinate dehydrogenase, belonging to two main classes of detoxification enzymes (i.e. hydrolases and oxido-reductases), mostly involved in metabolism and degradation of xenobiotics in insects, were assessed under the influence of kinetin, a plant growth regulator (pgr). the nymphs (48-52 hr old) of lipaphis erysimi (kalt.) were permitted to feed on radish plant, raphanus sativus l. treated with kin ... | 2006 | 17402253 |
| [controlling effects of plant extracts and pesticides on myzus persicae and lipaphis erysimi populations]. | this paper studied the controlling effects of xanthium sibiricum and syngonium podophyllum ethanol extracts, mobile oil emulsion and 0.3% azadirachtin ec on myzus persicae and lipaphis erysimi populations both in laboratory and in field. the results showed that in laboratory, x. sibiricum extract was the key deterrent to myzus persicae, while sprayed it with s. podophyllum extract and with petroleum spray oil or 0.3 % azadirachtin ec, the deterrent effect could be improved. as for pterigota lipa ... | 2005 | 16252875 |
| [influence of temperature and light on the growth and development of tenodera angustipennis and related preying functional responses]. | tenodera angustipennis was raised under laboratory conditions to study the influence of temperature and light on the growth and development of its nymphs. the functional responses of t. angustipennis to plutella xylostella (l.) larvae and adults and to lipaphis erysimi (kaltenbach) were also studied. the results showed that temperature remarkably affected the growth and development of t. angustipennis, but light did not. the holling models could well describe the functional responses of t. angus ... | 2004 | 15573999 |
| evaluation of the possible role of five enzymes in the metabolism of iba in mustard aphid, lipaphis erysimi (kalt.). | the enzymatic activity of five enzymes viz. glutathione s-transferases, esterases, nadh dehydrogenase, nadh oxidase and glutathione reductase were assessed under the influence of indole butyric acid (iba) (400 ppm) in the nymphs (48-52h old) of mustard aphid, lipaphis erysimi fed on radish plants treated for 13, 25 and 37h. the activity of glutathione s-transferases, esterases and nadh dehydrogenase increased compared to that found in the control of the same age group of nymphs and it was conclu ... | 2004 | 15529874 |
| [chemical components of volatile oil from mikania micrantha and its biological activity on insects]. | the chemical components of volatile oil from mikania micrantha were analyzed by gc/ms. twenty-two compounds were identified, and monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes as well as alcohol and ketone with their derivatives were major components. biological activity of volatile oil on insect was investigated. the results showed that the volatile oil had significant deterrent effect on oviposition of plutella xylostella, phyllotreta striolata and phaedon brassicae at dose of 5-10 microliters.plant-1. they ... | 2003 | 12722447 |
| evaluation of the pesticidal potential of the congress grass, parthenium hysterophorus linn. on the mustard aphid, lipaphis erysimi (kalt.). | petroleum ether extracts of leaves, stem and inflorescence of parthenium hysterophorus linn. at 500, 1000, 2000 and 5000 ppm concentrations were tested in the laboratory for their toxic effects on the mean life span and progeny production of adults of the mustard aphid, lipaphis erysimi (kalt.). the investigations revealed a significant decrease in life span and progeny production with treatment. among the three plant parts tested for their efficacy, the leaf extract showed the most significant ... | 2002 | 12617312 |
| influence of pgrs on carbohydrate content in lipaphis erysimi (kalt.). | six compounds (iba, chlorogenic acid, cytokinine, ga3, alar b-9 and maleic hydrazide) belonging to four different categories of plant growth hormones were used to study their effect on carbohydrate content in l. erysimi. the second instar nymphs (48 hr old) were given both dipping and leaf surface treatment with 1024 ppm concentration of compounds for two time intervals i.e. 48 and 96 hr. the carbohydrate content decreased after treatment with 4 of the plant growth regulators i.e. ga3, alar b-9, ... | 2000 | 11324163 |
| modelling development time of lipaphis erysimi (hemiptera: aphididae) at constant and variable temperatures. | the development period from birth to adult of virginoparae of the turnip aphid, lipaphis erysimi (kaltenbach), at 14 constant, 15 alternating and 15 natural temperature regimes were modelled to determine mathematical functions for simulating aphid development under a wide range of natural conditions. the day-degree model, the logistic equation, and the wang model were used to describe the relationships between temperature and development rate at constant and alternating temperatures. the three m ... | 2000 | 11020792 |
| population growth and structure in a variable environment : i. aphids and temperature variation. | when a population experiences temporal changes in the vital rates due to environmental or biotic variation, change is not only expected in the rate of population growth but also in the structure of the population. in this study we present a method for transforming observed patterns (notably how vital rates change with temperature) into functions that can be used in population growth models and analysis of population structure. the method is exemplified by applying it to cohort studies in differe ... | 1993 | 28313441 |