| longitudinal study of viruses associated with canine infectious respiratory disease. | in this investigation a population of dogs at a rehoming center was monitored over a period of 2 years. despite regular vaccination of incoming dogs against distemper, canine adenovirus type 2 (cav-2), and canine parainfluenza virus (cpiv), respiratory disease was endemic. tissue samples from the respiratory tract as well as paired serum samples were collected for analysis. the development of pcr assays for the detection of cpiv, canine adenovirus types 1 and 2, and canine herpesvirus (chv) is d ... | 2004 | 15472304 |
| investigation into the causes of canine infectious respiratory disease: antibody responses to canine respiratory coronavirus and canine herpesvirus in two kennelled dog populations. | two training centres for working dogs were monitored for one year to determine the presence of viruses and viral antibodies and their association with canine infectious respiratory disease (cird). tonsillar swabs and serum were obtained from dogs on entry into the kennels and in regular intervals thereafter. additional samples were collected during outbreaks of cird. the swabs were examined by virus culture and pcr for canine parainfluenza virus, canine adenovirus, canine herpesvirus (chv) and c ... | 2005 | 15841339 |
| serological prevalence of canine respiratory coronavirus. | canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov) has recently been detected in dogs; it is a group 2 coronavirus showing similarity to bovine coronavirus (bcov) but is distinct from canine enteric coronavirus (cecov). crcov may play an important role in canine infectious respiratory disease (cird) either by predisposing to further and potentially more serious viral and bacterial infections or possibly as a primary pathogen. the prevalence of serum antibodies to crcov, in a population of dogs in the south ... | 2006 | 16551493 |
| survey of dogs in japan for group 2 canine coronavirus infection. | specimens obtained from 96 dogs with respiratory and enteric clinical signs in japan were retrospectively examined for group 2 coronavirus by reverse transcription-pcr. two dogs were found to be positive. phylogenetic analysis of the spike gene indicated that they were most probably related to the canine respiratory coronavirus recently described in the united kingdom. | 2006 | 16825396 |
| serological and molecular evidence that canine respiratory coronavirus is circulating in italy. | canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov) is a group ii coronavirus that was firstly identified in lung samples of dogs with canine infectious respiratory disease (cird) in uk in 2003. we report for the first time the identification of crcov in italy, together with serological evidence that the virus has been circulating in the italian dog population as from 2005. serological investigations on 216 dog sera, carried out by an elisa test using the strictly related bovine coronavirus (bcov) as antigen ... | 2007 | 17215093 |
| serological prevalence of canine respiratory coronavirus in southern italy and epidemiological relationship with canine enteric coronavirus. | canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov) has been detected in dogs suffering from respiratory disease and is thought to be involved in canine infectious respiratory disease (cird) complex. canine enteric coronavirus (cecov) is a widespread pathogen of dogs, responsible for mild to severe diarrhea in pups. the purpose of this study was to establish the seroprevalence of crcov in italy and its relationship to cecov type ii seroprevalence. the age and year of sample collection from seropositive dogs ... | 2007 | 17402612 |
| the infectivity and pathogenicity of a group 2 bovine coronavirus in pups. | canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov), which is more closely related to the bovine coronavirus (bcov), has recently been detected in dogs. in this study, we examined whether bcov was capable of infecting and exhibiting pathogenicity in dogs. three 1-month-old pups were oronasally given field isolates of bcov, and were kept together with 2 control animals. as a result, increases in bcov-neutralizing antibody titers were confirmed in all pups in the challenged and control groups. moreover, the vi ... | 2007 | 17409649 |
| canine respiratory coronavirus: an emerging pathogen in the canine infectious respiratory disease complex. | infectious respiratory disease in dogs is a constant challenge because of the involvement of several pathogens and environmental factors. canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov) is a new coronavirus of dogs, which is widespread in north america, japan, and several european countries. crcov has been associated with respiratory disease, particularly in kenneled dog populations. the virus is genetically and antigenically distinct from enteric canine coronavirus; therefore, specific tests are require ... | 2008 | 18501280 |
| etiologic study of upper respiratory infections of household dogs. | infectious tracheobronchitis (itb), also known as the kennel cough, is a respiratory syndrome of dogs and usually appears to be contagious among dogs housed in groups. etiologic agent of itb is multiple and sometimes complex. in the present study, 68 household dogs showing clinical signs of respiratory infection were examined, and 20 dogs (29.4%) were found to be positive for either of following agents. bordetella bronchiseptica (b.b.) was most frequently detected from nasal and oropharynx sites ... | 2008 | 18628596 |
| an update on canine coronaviruses: viral evolution and pathobiology. | the emergence of human severe acute respiratory syndrome incited renewed interest in animal coronaviruses (covs) as potential agents of direct and indirect zoonoses. the reinforced epidemiological surveillance on covs has led to the identification of new viruses, genotypes, pathotypes and host variants in animals and humans. in dogs, a cov associated with mild enteritis, canine coronavirus (ccov), has been known since 1970s. cov strains with different biological and genetic properties with respe ... | 2008 | 18635322 |
| prevalence of antibodies to canine respiratory coronavirus in some dog populations in japan. | | 2008 | 18806283 |
| development of a quantitative real-time pcr for the detection of canine respiratory coronavirus. | canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov) has been detected recently in dogs with canine infectious respiratory disease and is involved in the clinical disease complex. crcov is a group 2 coronavirus most closely related to bovine coronavirus and human coronavirus oc43. a real-time pcr assay was developed for the detection of crcov. the assay was validated against cell culture grown virus and shown to have a high level of sensitivity. a range of tissue samples were collected from dogs at a re-homin ... | 2009 | 19013196 |
| detection of group 2a coronaviruses with emphasis on bovine and wild ruminant strains. virus isolation and detection of antibody, antigen, and nucleic acid. | group 2a of the coronaviridae family contains human and animal pathogens that include mouse hepatitis virus, rat coronavirus, human respiratory coronaviruses oc43 and the recently identified hku1 strain, a newly recognized canine respiratory coronavirus, porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus, equine coronavirus, bovine coronavirus (bcov), and wild-ruminant coronaviruses. the presence of a hemagglutinin-esterase (he) surface glycoprotein in addition to the viral spike protein is a dist ... | 2008 | 19057864 |
| molecular characterization of a canine respiratory coronavirus strain detected in italy. | coronaviruses (covs) are positive-stranded, non-segmented rna viruses generally responsible for the emergence of respiratory and enteric disease in humans, companion animals and livestock. their aptitude to evolve by genetic recombination and/or point mutation is recognized, thus giving rise to new viral genotypes and mutants with different tissues or host tropism. in particular, a probable origin from the strictly related bovine coronavirus (bcov) or, alternatively, from a common ancestor has b ... | 2009 | 19162098 |
| the seroprevalence of canine respiratory coronavirus and canine influenza virus in dogs in new zealand. | to determine whether canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov) and canine influenza virus (civ) are present in dogs in new zealand. | 2009 | 19802044 |
| genetic analysis of canine group 2 coronavirus in korean dogs. | three out of 109 mixed lung and tracheal tissue extracts originating from korean dogs tested positive for infection with canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov) of coronaviridae group 2. the three crcov-positive samples were found to be competent for viral propagation and isolation, using human rectal tumor cells (hrt-18), and the structure and nonstructure proteins encoded in the 3'-end of the crcov genome were sequenced. the small open reading frames situated between the spike and envelope gene ... | 2010 | 19819086 |
| virologic survey of dogs with naturally acquired idiopathic conjunctivitis. | to determine the frequency of viral detection in conjunctival samples from client-owned domestic dogs with naturally acquired idiopathic conjunctivitis and to identify signalment, historical, and clinical findings positively associated with viral detection. | 2009 | 19827980 |
| exposure to infectious agents in dogs in remote coastal british columbia: possible sentinels of diseases in wildlife and humans. | ranked among the top threats to conservation worldwide, infectious disease is of particular concern for wild canids because domestic dogs (canis familiaris) may serve as sources and reservoirs of infection. on british columbia's largely undeveloped but rapidly changing central and north coasts, little is known about diseases in wolves (canis lupus) or other wildlife. however, several threats exist for transfer of diseases among unvaccinated dogs and wolves. to gain baseline data on infectious ag ... | 2011 | 21461190 |
| rapid and sensitive detection of canine distemper virus by one-tube reverse transcription-insulated isothermal polymerase chain reaction. | canine distemper virus (cdv) has been associated with outbreaks of canine infectious respiratory disease in shelters and boarding kennel environments. pockittm nucleic acid analyzer is a field-deployable device capable of generating automatically interpreted insulated isothermal polymerase chain reaction (iipcr) results from extracted nucleic acid within one hour. in this study, reverse transcription iipcr (rt-iipcr) was developed to facilitate point-of-need diagnosis of cdv infection. | 2014 | 25200113 |
| co-infections with respiratory viruses in dogs with bacterial pneumonia. | bacterial pneumonia (bp) is an inflammation of the lower airways and lung parenchyma secondary to bacterial infection. the pathogenesis of bp in dogs is complex and the role of canine respiratory viruses has not been fully evaluated. | 2015 | 25818209 |
| development and application of multiplex pcr assays for detection of virus-induced respiratory disease complex in dogs. | canine infectious respiratory disease complex (cirdc) viruses have been detected in dogs with respiratory illness. canine influenza virus (civ), canine parainfluenza virus (cpiv), canine distemper virus (cdv), canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov), canine adenovirus type 2 (cadv-2) and canine herpesvirus 1 (cahv-1), are all associated with the cirdc. to allow diagnosis, two conventional multiplex polymerase chain reactions (pcr) were developed to simultaneously identify four rna and two dna vir ... | 2016 | 27628592 |
| serum antibody responses to vaccinal antigens in lean and obese geriatric dogs. | the immune responses in control dogs [1 to 4 years of age, body condition score (bcs): 4 to 5 out of 9] were compared to those of aging dogs (based on breed and body size) either categorized as lean (bcs: 4 to 5 out of 9) or obese (bcs: 8 to 9 out of 9). of interest were the serum titers to the following common agents found in vaccines, canine parainfluenza virus (cpiv), canine parvovirus (cpv), canine distemper virus (cdv), canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov), and bordetella bronchiseptica. ... | 2016 | 27152043 |
| detection of respiratory viruses and bordetella bronchiseptica in dogs with acute respiratory tract infections. | canine infectious respiratory disease (cird) is an acute, highly contagious disease complex caused by a variety of infectious agents. at present, the role of viral and bacterial components as primary or secondary pathogens in cird is not fully understood. the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of canine parainfluenza virus (cpiv), canine adenovirus type 2 (cav-2), canine influenza virus (civ), canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov), canine herpes virus-1 (chv-1), canine distempe ... | 2014 | 24980809 |
| evolutionary dynamics of bovine coronaviruses: natural selection pattern of the spike gene implies adaptive evolution of the strains. | coronaviruses demonstrate great potential for interspecies transmission, including zoonotic outbreaks. although bovine coronavirus (bcov) strains are frequently circulating in cattle farms worldwide, causing both enteric and respiratory disease, little is known about their genomic evolution. we sequenced and analysed the full-length spike (s) protein gene of 33 bcov strains from dairy and feedlot farms collected during outbreaks that occurred from 2002 to 2010 in sweden and denmark. amino acid i ... | 2013 | 23804565 |
| complete genome analysis of canine respiratory coronavirus. | the canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov) k37 strain of the family coronaviridae, group 2, was isolated in south korea. its genome was analyzed by nucleotide sequencing and was determined to have 31,029 bp. the small open reading frames situated between the spike and envelope genes of most of the crcov strains (except the crcov 4180 strain) were found to encode three nonstructural proteins (4.9 kda, 2.7 kda, and 12.8 kda), while those of bovine coronavirus (bcov) encode another three nonstructu ... | 2013 | 23405345 |
| fatal canid herpesvirus 1 respiratory infections in 4 clinically healthy adult dogs. | four healthy adult dogs (golden retrievers aged 6 years and 9 years, dalmatian aged 13 years, and mastiff aged 5 years) developed clinical signs of acute respiratory disease and died within 2 to 7 days of onset of clinical signs. the lungs of the 3 dogs submitted for necropsy were diffusely and severely reddened due to hyperemia and hemorrhage. microscopic lesions in all dogs were suggestive of acute viral or toxic respiratory damage and varied from acute severe fibrinonecrotic or hemorrhagic br ... | 2015 | 25358536 |
| genetic and antigenic characterization of recombinant nucleocapsid proteins derived from canine coronavirus and canine respiratory coronavirus in china. | to characterize the antigenicity of nucleocapsid proteins (np) derived from canine coronavirus (ccov) and canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov) in china, the n genes of ccov (ccov-bj70) and crcov (crcov-bj202) were cloned from swabs obtained from diseased pet dogs in beijing and then sequenced. the recombinant nps (rnps) were expressed in escherichia coli and purified by nickel-affinity column and size exclusion chromatography. sequencing data indicated that the n genes of ccov-bj70 and crcov-b ... | 2016 | 27084706 |
| new and emerging pathogens in canine infectious respiratory disease. | canine infectious respiratory disease is a common, worldwide disease syndrome of multifactorial etiology. this review presents a summary of 6 viruses (canine respiratory coronavirus, canine pneumovirus, canine influenza virus, pantropic canine coronavirus, canine bocavirus, and canine hepacivirus) and 2 bacteria (streptococcus zooepidemicus and mycoplasma cynos) that have been associated with respiratory disease in dogs. for some pathogens a causal role is clear, whereas for others, ongoing rese ... | 2014 | 24232191 |
| age-related presence of selected viral and bacterial pathogens in paraffin-embedded lung samples of dogs with pneumonia. | the aim of this retrospective study was to detect selected pathogens in pneumonic lung tissue of dogs of different age groups by immunohistochemistry (ihc), in situ hybridisation (ish) or polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in order to get information about their involvement in pneumonia formation. in archived formalin-fixed and paraffin wax-embedded lung samples from 68 cases with the clinical and histologic diagnosis of pneumonia the histological pattern of pneumonia was re-evaluated and the sampl ... | 2016 | 26919147 |
| simultaneous detection of canine respiratory disease associated viruses by a multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay. | a multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (mrt-pcr) assay was developed for the simultaneous detection of canine distemper virus (cdv), canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov) and canine influenza virus (civ). these viral pathogens are all causative agents of canine infectious respiratory disease (cird). the sensitivity and specificity of the mrt-pcr were determined by comparing it to a rapid antigen test (rat) or immuno-chromatography test kit and reverse transcription-polymera ... | 2013 | 22971595 |
| no serologic evidence for zoonotic canine respiratory coronavirus infections among immunocompetent adults. | zoonotic diseases continue to emerge and threaten both human and animal health. overcrowded shelters and breeding kennels create the perfect environment for amplified infectious disease transmission among dogs and present a critical opportunity for zoonotic pathogens to emerge and infect people who work in close contact with dogs. coronaviruses' widespread prevalence, extensive host range, various disease manifestations and increased frequency of recombination events all underline their potentia ... | 2013 | 22925194 |
| coronavirus infections in companion animals: virology, epidemiology, clinical and pathologic features. | coronaviruses are enveloped rna viruses capable of causing respiratory, enteric, or systemic diseases in a variety of mammalian hosts that vary in clinical severity from subclinical to fatal. the host range and tissue tropism are largely determined by the coronaviral spike protein, which initiates cellular infection by promoting fusion of the viral and host cell membranes. companion animal coronaviruses responsible for causing enteric infection include feline enteric coronavirus, ferret enteric ... | 2020 | 32933150 |
| prevalence of canine infectious respiratory pathogens in asymptomatic dogs presented at us animal shelters. | to determine the prevalence of nine canine infectious respiratory disease (cird) pathogens in asymptomatic dogs presented at animal shelters across the united states. | 2015 | 26199194 |
| molecular surveillance of traditional and emerging pathogens associated with canine infectious respiratory disease. | a molecular survey for traditional and emerging pathogens associated with canine infectious respiratory disease (cird) was conducted in italy between 2011 and 2013 on a total of 138 dogs, including 78 early acute clinically ill cird animals, 22 non-clinical but exposed to clinically ill cird dogs and 38 cird convalescent dogs. the results showed that canine parainfluenza virus (cpiv) was the most commonly detected cird pathogen, followed by canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov), bordetella bron ... | 2016 | 27527760 |
| tropism and pathological findings associated with canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov). | canine infectious respiratory disease (cird) occurs frequently in densely housed dog populations. one of the common pathogens involved is canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov), however little is known regarding its pathogenesis and the role it plays in the development of cird. the pathogenesis of five geographically unrelated canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov) isolates was investigated. following experimental infection in dogs, all five crcov isolates gave rise to clinical signs of respirat ... | 2012 | 23280006 |
| seroepidemiology of respiratory (group 2) canine coronavirus, canine parainfluenza virus, and bordetella bronchiseptica infections in urban dogs in a humane shelter and in rural dogs in small communities. | this prospective study evaluated seroepidemiologic features of canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov), canine parainfluenza virus (cpiv), and bordetella bronchiseptica infections in dogs in an urban humane shelter and in rural/small community dog populations in western canada. seroprevalence of crcov and cpiv was low compared with other countries; seroprevalence of b. bronchiseptica was moderate to high in most populations examined. rural dogs were 0.421 times (p ≤ 0.0001) less likely to be posi ... | 2011 | 22294792 |
| a serological survey of canine respiratory coronavirus and canine influenza virus in korean dogs. | the relationship between canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov) and canine influenza virus (civ) seropositivity in dogs in korea was examined. sixty-two of the 483 samples (12.8%) were seropositive for crcov by indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) analysis. nineteen animals were seropositive for civ by elisa out of the 385 samples tested. serum antibodies for both viruses were detected in 6 of the 483 dogs sampled, suggesting that these viruses are present in dogs in korea. although the role of c ... | 2010 | 20410676 |
| expression of beta-defensins in the canine respiratory tract and antimicrobial activity against bordetella bronchiseptica. | beta-defensins are cationic peptides which form part of the innate immune response of the respiratory epithelium. due to their antimicrobial properties and immunostimulatory activity, beta-defensins are potential tools for the treatment and prevention of respiratory disease. in dogs, infectious respiratory disease is a common problem, particularly in housed animals. this study aimed to assess the presence of four beta-defensins in the canine respiratory tract and to use quantitative real-time pc ... | 2010 | 19931188 |
| sequence analysis of divergent canine coronavirus strains present in a uk dog population. | forty faecal samples were tested by rt-pcr using coronavirus consensus primers to determine faecal shedding of canine coronavirus (ccov) and canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov) in a dog population housed at a rescue centre. seven samples were positive for ccov while all samples were negative for crcov. sequence analysis of five ccov strains showed a high similarity with transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) at the n-terminus of the spike protein. all strains contained an open reading fra ... | 2009 | 19162099 |
| quantification of mrna encoding cytokines and chemokines and assessment of ciliary function in canine tracheal epithelium during infection with canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov). | one of the first lines of defence against viral infection is the innate immune response and the induction of antiviral type i interferons (ifns). however some viruses, including the group 2 coronaviruses, have evolved mechanisms to overcome or circumvent the host antiviral response. canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov) has previously been shown to have a widespread international presence and has been implicated in outbreaks of canine infectious respiratory disease (cird). this study aimed to q ... | 2009 | 18977539 |
| detection of bovine coronavirus using a taqman-based real-time rt-pcr assay. | a real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) for the detection of bovine coronavirus (bcov) rna in clinical samples is described. the assay is based on taqman technology, consisting of two primers and one probe labeled with the reporter dye 6-carboxyfluorescein that binds selectively to the transmembrane-protein gene of bcov. the bcov real-time rt-pcr assay was able to detect the tested bcov and bcov-like viruses (canine respiratory coronavirus and bubaline coronavirus), ... | 2008 | 18579223 |
| isolation and sequence analysis of canine respiratory coronavirus. | canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov) has frequently been detected in respiratory samples from dogs by rt-pcr. in this report the first successful isolation of crcov from a dog with respiratory disease is described. the isolate crcov-4182 was cultured in hrt-18 cells but failed to replicate in a number of other cell lines. the nucleotide sequence of the 3'-terminal portion of the crcov genome was determined including all open reading frames from the ns2 gene to the n gene. comparison with other ... | 2007 | 17092595 |
| detection of a group 2 coronavirus in dogs with canine infectious respiratory disease. | an investigation into the causes of canine infectious respiratory disease was carried out in a large rehoming kennel. tissue samples taken from the respiratory tract of diseased dogs were tested for the presence of coronaviruses using rt-pcr with conserved primers for the polymerase gene. sequence analysis of four positive samples showed the presence of a coronavirus with high similarity to both bovine and human coronavirus (strain oc43) in their polymerase and spike genes, whereas there was a l ... | 2003 | 12781709 |
| nasal virome of dogs with respiratory infection signs include novel taupapillomaviruses. | using viral metagenomics, we characterized the mammalian virome of nasal swabs from 57 dogs with unexplained signs of respiratory infection showing mostly negative results using the idexx canine respiratory disease realpcr™ panel. we identified canine parainfluenza virus 5, canine respiratory coronavirus, carnivore bocaparvovirus 3, canine circovirus and canine papillomavirus 9. novel canine taupapillomaviruses (cpv21-23) were also identified in 3 dogs and their complete genome sequenced showing ... | 2019 | 30632017 |
| a serological survey of canine respiratory coronavirus in new zealand. | aims: to determine the seroprevalence of canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov) in new zealand dogs, and to explore associations with age, sex, breed, month, and geographical region of sampling and reported presence of clinical signs suggestive of respiratory disease.methods: a total of 1,015 canine serum samples were randomly selected from submissions to a diagnostic laboratory between march and december 2014, and were analysed for crcov antibodies using a competitive elisa. logistic regression ... | 2020 | 31513753 |
| evolutionary genetics of canine respiratory coronavirus and recent introduction into swedish dogs. | canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov) has been identified as a causative agent of canine infectious respiratory disease, an upper respiratory infection affecting dogs. the epidemiology is currently opaque, with an unclear understanding of global prevalence, pathology, and genetic characteristics. in this study, swedish privately-owned dogs with characteristic signs of canine infectious respiratory disease (n = 88) were screened for crcov and 13 positive samples (14.7%, 8.4-23.7% [95% confidence ... | 2020 | 32205264 |
| a survey of canine respiratory pathogens in new zealand dogs. | aims to determine which of the common canine respiratory pathogens circulate among selected populations of healthy and diseased dogs in new zealand. methods coagulated blood samples for serology and oropharyngeal swabs for virology were collected from healthy dogs (n=47) and from dogs with acute respiratory disease (n=49). for diseased dogs a convalescent blood sample was also collected 3-4 weeks later. oropharyngeal swabs were subjected to virus isolation and tested for canine parainfluenza vir ... | 2018 | 29924957 |
| detection of selected viral pathogens in dogs with canine infectious respiratory disease in austria. | to assess the prevalence of canine parainfluenza virus, canine adenovirus type 2, canine distemper virus, canine respiratory coronavirus and influenza virus a infections in: (1) privately-owned or, (2) kennelled dogs showing signs consistent with canine infectious respiratory disease and, (3) clinically healthy dogs in vienna, austria. | 2019 | 31301071 |
| canine respiratory coronavirus employs caveolin-1-mediated pathway for internalization to hrt-18g cells. | canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov), identified in 2003, is a member of the coronaviridae family. the virus is a betacoronavirus and a close relative of human coronavirus oc43 and bovine coronavirus. here, we examined entry of crcov into human rectal tumor cells (hrt-18g cell line) by analyzing co-localization of single virus particles with cellular markers in the presence or absence of chemical inhibitors of pathways potentially involved in virus entry. we also targeted these pathways using ... | 2018 | 29970183 |
| canine respiratory coronavirus, bovine coronavirus, and human coronavirus oc43: receptors and attachment factors. | despite high similarity of canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov), bovine coronavirus, (bcov) and human coronavirus oc43 (hcov-oc43), these viruses differ in species specificity. for years it was believed that they share receptor specificity, utilizing sialic acids for cell surface attachment, internalization, and entry. interestingly, careful literature analysis shows that viruses indeed bind to the cell surface via sialic acids, but there is no solid data that these moieties mediate virus entr ... | 2019 | 30959796 |
| molecular basis of covid-19 relationships in different species: a one health perspective. | outside the hubei province, china, the mild form of infection and the progressive recover of the covid-19 patients suggest the intervention of "unconventional" biological mechanisms worthy of attention. based on the high-homology between the spike protein epitopes of taxonomically-related coronaviruses, we hypothesized that past contact with infected dogs shield humans against the circulating sars-cov-2. elseways, the recurrent virus exposure over a short time-lapse might result in the antibody ... | 2020 | 32194253 |
| canine respiratory coronavirus: a naturally occurring model of covid-19? | discovered in 2003 at the royal veterinary college, london, canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov) is a betacoronavirus of dogs and major cause of canine infectious respiratory disease complex. generally causing mild clinical signs of persistent cough and nasal discharge, the virus is highly infectious and is most prevalent in rehoming shelters worldwide where dogs are often closely housed and infections endemic. as the world grapples with the current covid-19 pandemic, the scientific community ... | 2020 | 32369435 |
| european surveillance of emerging pathogens associated with canine infectious respiratory disease. | canine infectious respiratory disease (cird) is a major cause of morbidity in dogs worldwide, and is associated with a number of new and emerging pathogens. in a large multi-centre european study the prevalences of four key emerging cird pathogens; canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov), canine pneumovirus (cnpnv), influenza a, and mycoplasma cynos (m. cynos); were estimated, and risk factors for exposure, infection and clinical disease were investigated. cird affected 66% (381/572) of the dogs ... | 2017 | 29173585 |
| discovery of a novel canine respiratory coronavirus support genetic recombination among betacoronavirus1. | although canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov) is an important respiratory pathogen that is prevalent in many countries, only one complete genome sequence of crcov (south korea strain k37) has been obtained to date. genome-wide analyses and recombination have rarely been conducted, as small numbers of samples and limited genomic characterization have previously prevented further analyses. herein, we report a unique crcov strain, denoted strain bj232, derived from a crcov-positive dog with a mil ... | 2017 | 28506792 |
| aetiology of canine infectious respiratory disease complex and prevalence of its pathogens in europe. | the canine infectious respiratory disease complex (cirdc) is an endemic worldwide syndrome involving multiple viral and bacterial pathogens. traditionally, bordetella bronchiseptica (bb), canine adenovirus type 2 (cav-2), canine distemper virus (cdv), canine herpesvirus (chv) and canine parainfluenza virus (cpiv) were considered the major causative agents. lately, new pathogens have been implicated in the development of cirdc, namely canine influenza virus (civ), canine respiratory coronavirus ( ... | 2020 | 32359641 |