| actinobacillus seminis infection in sheep in the republic of south africa. iii. growth and cultural characteristics of a. seminis. | bacteriological tests were done on a large number of different strains of actinobacillus seminis and also, repeatedly, on the same culture or on different cultures taken periodically from the same donor animal. these tests were also applied to strains of a. seminis representing different serological types, which in turn were compared with strains of brucella ovis. the tests as applied proved that a. seminis strains have defined, morphological, staining, cultural and biochemical properties, altho ... | 1979 | 95214 |
| pathology of experimental histophilus ovis infection in sheep. ii. pregnant ewes. | intravenous inoculation of histophilus ovis to pregnant ewes at mid or late gestation resulted in acute bacterial endometritis, placentitis and foetal death. there were no lesions in the foetuses but h. ovis was recovered from the uteri of the ewes and the placentas. oral or intravaginal administration had no effect. | 1978 | 571643 |
| pathology of experimental histophilus ovis infection in sheep. i. lambs. | inoculation of lambs either intravenously or intranasally with histophilus ovis resulted in septicaemia. there was bacterial thrombosis and vasculitis in the liver, lung, kidneys and heart. these lesions were similar to those in natural cases of the disease. with intravenous inoculation of a less virulent isolate there were abscesses in the subcutaneous tissues, muscle fascia and joint bursae. | 1978 | 716158 |
| serological comparison between histophilus ovis, actinobacillus seminis and brucella ovis. | the serological relationships between 4 strains of histophilus ovis, the neotype strain of actinobacillus seminis and brucella ovis were examined using a cross-absorption complement-fixation technique. it was found that the 4 strains of h. ovis were serologically homologous and that an incomplete relationship existed between these organisms and a. seminis. anteriserums prepared against one strain of h. ovis and the strain of a. seminis gave a weak, apparently non-specific cross-reaction with br. ... | 1978 | 743054 |
| histophilus ovis infection in sheep in western victoria. | organisms resembling histophilus ovis were isolated from sheep in western victoria in association with synovitis, septicaemia and/or abscessation in 2 to 8 week old lambs. histopathological lesions in these lambs were indicative of bacterial embolism with thrombosis. similar organisms were also isolated from sheep in 2 flocks with a high neonatal mortality rate. these isolations were from vaginal swabs from the ewes, placentas and from one lamb which had meningitis, ependymitis, choroid plexitis ... | 1977 | 869799 |
| isolation of actinobacillus seminis from rams in the united kingdom. | actinobacillus seminis was isolated from the semen of five rams on four farms. four of the rams had abnormal semen and three were also infertile. the isolates of a seminis showed similar phenotypic profiles and electrophoretic protein patterns to the type strain of a seminis but were distinct from histophilus ovis previously isolated from rams with epididymitis in scotland. the infection appeared to be subclinical but two of the five rams had palpable abnormalities of their testes. three rams we ... | 1991 | 1746101 |
| meningoencephalitis and other conditions associated with histophilus ovis infection in sheep. | histophilus ovis was isolated from 29 sheep in 20 flocks and 2 artificial insemination (ai) centres in southern new south wales from 1984 to 1990. the clinical and pathological findings were consistent with previous reports and included polyarthritis (7 flocks), epididymo-orchitis (5), meningoencephalitis (3), pneumonia (3), septicaemia (2), mastitis (1) and metritis (1). six sheep had meningoencephalitis, a syndrome not previously associated with h ovis infection in sheep, which was similar pat ... | 1991 | 1807244 |
| experimental reproduction of ovine vulvitis with bacteria of the haemophilus/histophilus group. | ovine vulvitis was experimentally reproduced by intravaginal inoculation of a mixture of bacterial strains of the histophilus/haemophilus group isolated from field cases. grossly, the experimental vulvitis was identical to the field condition, and bacteria indistinguishable from the inoculated strains were reisolated. | 1991 | 2047597 |
| trials with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the diagnosis of subclinical genital infections in rams caused by histophilus ovis and actinobacillus seminis. | the performance of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was evaluated in the serological diagnosis of subclinical genital infection in 6 naturally infected ram flocks and 2 experimentally infected ram hoggets. the test employs lipopolysaccharide (lps) antigen prepared by autoclaving from actinobacillus seminis and histophilus ovis. a total of 193 sheep (118 unmated virgin rams and 75 mature breeding rams) were examined clinically, serologically (by elisa) and bacteriologically (semen bac ... | 1990 | 2220189 |
| inter- and intrafamilial similarities of rrna cistrons of the pasteurellaceae. | we performed hybridizations between labeled rrnas from seven representative members of the family pasteurellaceae and from three other taxa on the one hand and dnas from 53 strains known or presumed to belong to the pasteurellaceae on the other hand. the members of the pasteurellaceae are most closely related to members of the enterobacteriaceae, the vibrionaceae, the aeromonadaceae, and the genus alteromonas. the family pasteurellaceae is very heterogeneous. there are at least seven rrna branch ... | 1990 | 2223605 |
| evaluation of three lps-specific monoclonal antibodies for the immunodiagnosis of bovine brucellosis. | bovine sera collected during the australian brucellosis eradication campaign were used to assess the value of three monoclonal antibodies (mab bruce 1, 4 and 7) for the immunodiagnosis of bovine brucellosis in a competitive enzyme immunoassay (ceia). each mab reacted to a different epitope of lipopolysaccharide molecules on the cell surface of brucella abortus. when the sensitivity of the ceia was set at 100 per cent so that all infected animals were identified, the specificity of the test using ... | 1989 | 2472660 |
| genetic homogeneity of actinobacillus seminis isolates. | isolates of actinobacillus seminis from clinical cases and reference sources had markedly similar bam h1 restriction endonuclease profiles but were readily distinguishable from the bam h1 profiles of the histophilus-haemophilus group as well as from a lignieresii. for epidemiological purposes this lack of interstrain variation in bam h1 profiles makes restriction endonuclease analysis of isolates of a seminis unsuitable. | 1989 | 2740636 |
| characterisation of histophilus ovis and related organisms by restriction endonuclease analysis. | the banding profiles generated by bam h1 restriction endonuclease cleavage of bacterial dna from clinical and reference isolates of histophilus ovis, haemophilus somnus and related bacteria were compared. h. ovis, h. somnus and haemophilus agni isolates were found to have distinct similarities in banding profiles characterised by 10 common bands between 2.0 and 9.6 kilobases (kb). the close taxonomic relationship of these isolates was reinforced by these findings. the reference isolates examined ... | 1986 | 3026298 |
| rapid identification of haemophilus somnus, histophilus ovis and actinobacillus seminis using the api zym system. | the api zym system, a commercially-available technique that measures bacterial enzyme activity was used to test 43 isolates identified as h. somnus, h. ovis or a. seminis and 19 from related genera. the enzyme patterns resulting from the api zym differentiated h. somnus and h. ovis from a. seminis and related genera but not from each other. an identification scheme based on 9 of the enzymes in the api zym and a few simple biochemical tests is proposed for the rapid and reliable identification of ... | 1988 | 3051648 |
| serodiagnosis of histophilus ovis-associated epididymitis in rams. | an elisa for the detection of antibodies to histophilus ovis was used to evaluate the association of epididymal lesions in rams with serologic response to his ovis. comparison of elisa results for his ovis in groups of rams with epididymal lesions with elisa results of clinically normal rams (control group) revealed a significant difference (p less than 0.01) between the control group and those rams from which his ovis was isolated. a significant difference (p less than 0.01) was noticed between ... | 1988 | 3348531 |
| isolation of actinobacillus seminis and histophilus ovis strains from aborted ovine fetuses in hungary. | | 1987 | 3447463 |
| an evaluation of the api zym system as a means of identifying haemophilus somnus and related taxa. | the commercially available api zym microbiological identification system was evaluated for the rapid identification of haemophilus somnus. eighty-seven isolates of the organism had api zym profiles which were characteristic. the api zym profiles demonstrate clear differences between h. somnus and other genera but suggest a close association to three related organisms. enzyme activity of h. somnus isolates were similar to organisms identified as histophilus ovis, haemophilus agni and strains uqv ... | 1986 | 3530416 |
| isolation of bacteria of the haemophilus-histophilus (hh) group from the genital tracts of cattle. | | 1986 | 3739181 |
| prevalence of histophilus ovis and actinobacillus seminis in the genital tract of sheep. | histophilus ovis and actinobacillus seminis were isolated from the preputial cavity of 6-month-old rams and the vagina of 6-month-old ewes at a substantially higher rate than that in mature (greater than 2 years old) rams and ewes. these organisms appeared to be a transitory component of the ovine genital flora, the prevalence of which was associated with age regardless of gender. additional evaluation of the recoverability of h ovis and a seminis from the preputial cavity of rams from birth to ... | 1986 | 3767100 |
| ovine suppurative epididymo-orchitis caused by histophilus ovis. | | 1986 | 3811690 |
| association of age of ram with distribution of epididymal lesions and etiologic agent. | a 2-year study of the frequency of isolation of various organisms from mature and yearling rams with epididymitis was conducted at the us sheep experiment station at dubois, idaho. investigation into the distribution of lesions in the epididymis in relation to age of the ram also was studied. serologic or bacteriologic evidence of brucella ovis infection was demonstrated in 79.5% of the mature rams with epididymal lesions. actinobacillus seminis and histophilus ovis were the 2 most frequently is ... | 1986 | 3949615 |
| histophilus ovis epididymitis in a ram in the uk. | | 1985 | 4049683 |
| recovery of an organism resembling histophilus ovis from a ram. | | 1966 | 6006929 |
| bacteriological characteristics of histophilus ovis and its relationship to similar bacteria. | seventeen strains of histophilus ovis were obtained from a variety of pathological conditions and geographical areas and were examined to determine the bacteriological characteristics of the organism. all were gram-negative pleomorphic rods which only grew under micro-aerophilic conditions in media enriched with blood, serum or meat particles. all strains were catalase negative, indole positive and nitrate positive while most produced acid from glucose, fructose, galactose, mannose, xylose, mann ... | 1983 | 6194548 |
| the usefulness of the api 20 e classification system in the identification of actinobacillus actinomycetem comitans, actinobacillus seminis and pasteurella haemolytica. | the prepuces of lambs aged 6--8 months and semen of 2 adult rams were found to be infected with gram negative, non-motile, non-haemolytic, pleomorphic bacilli. these organisms were compared with those of known strains of actinobacillus actinomycetem comitans. actinobacillus seminis and pasteurella haemolytica, using the api 20 e classification system. applying the principles of numerical taxonomy, the majority of suspected strains of a. seminis could be classified as a. actinomycetem comitans an ... | 1983 | 6355954 |
| a study for the differentiation of actinobacillus seminis, a. actinomycetem-comitans, histophilus ovis and pasteurella haemolytica. | by using well-defined techniques under optimum conditions it is possible adequately to define the biochemical characteristics of typical a. seminis strains. a. seminis can be distinguished from histophilus ovis on the latter's distinctive colony morphology, but it cannot be distinguished from actinobacillus actinomycetem-comitans. these organisms, however, can be differentiated from pasteurella haemolytica on serological grounds and the latter's greater pathogenicity for mice. it is appreciated, ... | 1984 | 6379546 |
| morphological, biochemical, antigenic, and cytochemical relationships among haemophilus somnus, haemophilus agni, haemophilus haemoglobinophilus, histophilus ovis, and actinobacillus seminis. | morphology, biochemical reactions, pigmentation, antigens, and cell envelope proteins were examined in 12 strains of haemophilus somnus, haemophilus agni, histophilus ovis, and actinobacillus seminis. all of the strains except a. seminis are related and are considered as a single haemophilus-histophilus (hh) group. in immunodiffusion tests, hh group bacteria had at least two antigens common to all members of the group, and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that the ... | 1983 | 6408118 |
| immunity against genital infection by histophilus ovis in rams. | rams have been immunized against an infection of their genitalia by histophilus ovis. an alum-precipitated antigen and an antigen plus freund's complete adjuvant proved equally effective. an injection of live h. ovis into the epididymal tissue proved to be a better method of challenging immunity than an injection into the vas deferens. it was shown that cell-mediated immunity, as evidenced by tests for lymphocyte transformation, the presence of a macrophage migration inhibition factor and a dela ... | 1984 | 6533513 |
| the acquisition of immunity to histophilus ovis by sheep in nature. | it was demonstrated that skin wound infection with histophilus ovis elicits an immune response which can protect a ram against a challenge injection of the same organism into its epididymis. | 1984 | 6533518 |
| clinical findings and pathological changes in histophilus ovis infections of sheep. | the gram-negative pleomorphic bacterium histophilus ovis was incriminated as the cause of natural cases of epididymitis in rams, polyarthritis in lambs, mastitis and abortion in ewes. epididymitis was sporadic in occurrence, unilateral in distribution and varied from acute to chronic in degree. polyarthritis affected recently born lambs and resulted in acute lameness and subsequent debility. mastitis was rare in occurrence, unilateral in distribution, acute and gangrenous in type. abortion was a ... | 1983 | 6622841 |
| the reaction of ovine neutrophils to histophilus ovis in relation to genital infection of rams. | histophilus ovis was shown to be phagocytized by neutrophils when the organisms enter the lumen of the reproductive tract of the ram. the phagocytosis and destruction of h. ovis by neutrophils was demonstrated in vitro by the viable count method and by electron microscopy. it was shown that immunoglobulins and complement had no influence on the phagocytosis and destruction of h. ovis. phagocytosis and killing of h. ovis was accomplished equally well by neutrophils from immunized and non-immunize ... | 1983 | 6634085 |
| isolation of bacteria resembling histophilus ovis from cattle. | | 1983 | 6651688 |
| the pathogenicity of haemophilus somnus in various laboratory animal species. | as a test of susceptibility of laboratory animals to the causative organism of thrombotic meningoencephalitis of cattle, young mice, rats, rabbits, piglets, chicks and hamsters were exposed to the virulent strain 43826 of haemophilus somnus by the intravenous and intraperitoneal routes. only the hamsters developed lesions attributable to the organism. two of ten hamsters developed an acute orchitis and epididymitis characterized by necrosis and arteritis. the fact that histophilus ovis, a cause ... | 1984 | 6713252 |
| ovine contagious epididymitis: a review. | ovine contagious epididymitis is predominantly associated with brucella ovis, actinobacillus seminis and a variety of organisms including histophilus ovis. transmission occurs venereally or by homosexual activity and, in the case of actinobacillus seminis, ewe to lamb transmission is probably important. a chronic infection, mainly in the cauda epididymis may result in formation of spermatic granulomata and a reduction in ram fertility. eradication of ovine brucellosis can be achieved by serologi ... | 1982 | 6762755 |
| isolation of histophilus ovis from vaginal discharge in ewes in canada. | | 1981 | 7337919 |
| characterization of an immunoreactive 17.5-kilodalton outer membrane protein of haemophilus somnus by using a monoclonal antibody. | a single outer membrane protein (omp) of haemophilus somnus, with an apparent molecular mass of 17.5 kda, was identified in the sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds)-insoluble fraction after extraction with 1% sds-0.5 m nacl-0.1% beta-mercaptoethanol. a hybridoma derived from mice immunized with h. somnus omp fractions produced a monoclonal antibody (mab), designated 20-3-5, that bound to the 17.5-kda omp of h. somnus. the mab 20-3-5 epitope was present on 45 of 45 strains of h. somnus tested. mab 20-3-5 ... | 1993 | 7691744 |
| a case of ovine abortion associated with histophilus ovis infection. | | 1994 | 8073596 |
| genomic fingerprinting of "haemophilus somnus" isolates by using a random-amplified polymorphic dna assay. | the random-amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) assay was used to generate dna fingerprints for 16 isolates of "haemophilus somnus," and one isolate each of "haemophilus agni," "histophilus ovis," "actinobacillus seminis," pasteurella haemolytica, and escherichia coli. the rapd assay differentiated among "h. somnus" isolates, which shared similarity coefficients of 0.46 to 1.00 on the basis of pairwise comparisons of rapd markers produced with nine random decamer primers. three virulent encephalitic ... | 1993 | 8458944 |
| thrombotic meningoencephalitis associated with histophilus ovis infection in lambs in europe. | | 1997 | 9061870 |
| an immunodominant epitope on 40 kilodalton outer membrane protein is conserved among different strains of haemophilus (histophilus) somnus. | four murine monoclonal antibodies (mab) were constructed against haemophilus (histophilus) somnus, an important bovine pathogen, and used to analyze immunologically significant antigenic determinants on these organisms. these mabs specifically recognized immunodominant epitopes present on the 40 kilodalton (kd) fraction of the major outer membrane protein (omp) of h. somnus. the 9d3 igg1 kappa mab recognized an immunodominant epitope on the 40 kd major outer membrane protein that is conserved or ... | 1995 | 9810670 |
| pcr methods and plasmid profile analysis for characterisation of histophilus ovis strains. | the value of polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based dna fingerprinting and plasmid profile analysis for differentiation of histophilus ovis isolates was assessed. nineteen isolates of h. ovis were typed by pcr-ribotyping, repetitive extragenic palindromic element (rep)-pcr and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (eric)-pcr. these methods distinguished five types by pcr-ribotyping, 11 types by rep-pcr and seven types by eric-pcr. the ribotyping method produced a relatively simple patte ... | 1998 | 9822297 |
| specific pcr primers from the 16s-23s rrna spacer region for the rapid detection and identification of actinobacillus seminis. | actinobacillus seminis is a common cause of ovine epididymitis and ram infertility. the ability to detect and identify this organism promptly is important commercially for the quality control of ram semen samples. actinobacillus seminis is a fastidious and slow-growing bacterium and primary isolation and presumptive identification can be difficult and time-consuming. in this study, two ribosomal operons, termed rrna and rrnb, have been characterized in the a. seminis genome, and these contain on ... | 1998 | 9871313 |
| production of transferrin receptors by histophilus ovis: three of five strains require two signals. | five strains of histophilus ovis (9l, 642a, 714, 5688t, and 3384y) were investigated with respect to iron acquisition. all strains used ovine, bovine, and goat transferrins (tfs), but not porcine or human tfs, as iron sources for growth. in solid phase binding assays, total membranes from only two (9l and 642a) of the five strains, grown under iron-restricted conditions, were able to bind tfs (ovine, bovine, and goat, but not porcine or human). however, when the organisms were grown under iron-r ... | 2001 | 11400732 |
| identification of fur and flda homologs and a pasteurella multocida tbpa homolog in histophilus ovis and effects of iron availability on their transcription. | tbpa, fur, and flda homologs from two strains (9l and 3384y) of the sheep pathogen histophilus ovis were sequenced. the predicted tbpa proteins of these strains are homologs of the pasteurella multocida tbpa protein and collectively represent the second example of a new subfamily of tonb-dependent receptors. tbpa transcripts were readily detected by reverse transcription (rt)-pcr with rna isolated from strain 9l grown under iron-restricted conditions in the presence or absence of bovine transfer ... | 2002 | 11948169 |
| transferrin-dependent expression of tbpa by histophilus ovis involves a poly g tract within tbpa. | a poly g tract in tbpa of histophilus ovis strain 3384y was suspected of being responsible for the transferrin (tf)-dependent expression of tbpa. the region encompassing the poly g tract was amplified using dna from h. ovis strains 9l and 3384y grown under iron-replete conditions and under iron-restricted conditions in the presence of bovine tf. sequence analysis of the amplification products revealed that regardless of the growth conditions, the poly g tract in strain 9l contained eight gs, a s ... | 2003 | 12644233 |
| proposal of histophilus somni gen. nov., sp. nov. for the three species incertae sedis 'haemophilus somnus', 'haemophilus agni' and 'histophilus ovis'. | earlier investigations have shown that 'haemophilus somnus', 'haemophilus agni' and 'histophilus ovis' represent the same species. in the present investigation, the taxonomic position of this species is explored further by sequencing the 16s rrna and rpob genes of strains that were investigated previously by dna-dna hybridization. these results clearly support the allocation of this species to a novel genus within the family pasteurellaceae: the phenotypic separation of histophilus somni gen. no ... | 2003 | 13130032 |
| histophilus somni myocarditis in cattle in the uk. | | 2004 | 15160854 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of haemophilus parasuis and histophilus somni from pigs and cattle in denmark. | a total of 52 haemophilus parasuis and 80 histophilus somni isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by mic-determinations. none of the isolates were resistant to ampicillin, ceftiofur, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, florphenicol, penicillin, spectinomycin, tetracycline, tiamulin, or tilmicosin. two h. parasuis isolates were resistant to trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole. six h. parasuis isolates had reduced susceptibility (0.06-0.5 microg/ml) to ciprofloxacin and 10 reduced susceptibil ... | 2004 | 15172697 |
| haemophilus somnus possesses two systems for acquisition of transferrin-bound iron. | haemophilus somnus strain 649 was found to acquire iron from ovine, bovine, and goat transferrins (tfs). expression of tf receptors, as evaluated by solid-phase binding assays, required the organisms to be grown under iron-restricted conditions in the presence of tf. competition binding assays revealed the presence of two distinct tf-binding receptor systems, one specific for bovine tf and the other capable of binding all three ruminant tfs. affinity isolation procedures using total membranes yi ... | 2004 | 15205447 |
| isolation and antimicrobial susceptibilities of bacterial pathogens from bovine pneumonia: 1994--2002. | between 1994 and 2002, a total of 390 (46.3%) mannheimia haemolytica, 292 (34.7%) pasteurella multocida, and 160 (19.0%) histophilus somni were isolated at the oklahoma animal disease diagnostic laboratory from lungs from 6-18-month-old beef cattle with pneumonia. the ratio of m. haemolytica isolations to p. multocida isolations decreased from 3.1 in 1994 to 0.8 in 2000 while increasing to 1.5 in 2002. mannheimia haemolytica isolations significantly (p < 0.05) decreased from 62.5% in 1994 to bet ... | 2004 | 15460326 |
| haemophilus somnus virulence factors and resistance to host immunity. | haemophilus somnus ('histophilus somni) is a gram-negative bacterium and opportunistic pathogen associated with multisystemic diseases of bovines. some strains of h. somnus are relatively avirulent, but are biochemically and antigenically similar to the virulent strains. several virulence factors have been identified in h. somnus, of which lipo-oligosaccharide phase variation, induction of apoptosis, intraphagocytic survival and immunoglobulin fc binding proteins have been well studied. the sequ ... | 2004 | 15460542 |
| inhibition of bovine macrophage and polymorphonuclear leukocyte superoxide anion production by haemophilus somnus. | virulent strains of the bovine opportunistic pathogen haemophilus somnus (histophilus somni) cause multi-systemic diseases in cattle. one of the reported virulence factors that h. somnus may use to persist in the host is resistance to intracellular killing. we report here that h. somnus significantly (p < 0.001) inhibited production of superoxide anion (o2-) by bovine mammary and alveolar macrophages as well as by polymorphonuclear leukocytes. inhibition of o2- was time- and dose-dependent and d ... | 2004 | 15519047 |
| structural analysis of the oligosaccharide of histophilus somni (haemophilus somnus) strain 2336 and identification of several lipooligosaccharide biosynthesis gene homologues. | the structure of the core oligosaccharide from a pneumonic histophilus somni (haemophilus somnus) strain 2336 was elucidated. the lipooligosaccharide (los) was subjected to a variety of degradative procedures. the structures of the purified products were established by monosaccharide and methylation analyses, nmr spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. the following structure for the core oligosaccharide was determined on the basis of the combined data from these experiments: [formula-see text]. the ... | 2005 | 15721338 |
| differentiation between bovine and ovine strains of histophilus somni based on the sequences of 16s rdna and rpob gene. | nucleotide sequences of 16s rdna and rpob gene of 25 bovine and 6 ovine histophilus somni strains were determined to detect subtle differences between the host animal species. the 1465 nucleotide residues of the 16s rdna exhibited levels of sequence similarities of 99.4% or more. the high sequence similarity of the 16s rdna of recently described species h. somni was confirmed in the 31 strains from cattle and sheep. these results suggested that the intra-specific diversity of 16s rdna was limite ... | 2005 | 15805727 |
| an outbreak of haemophilus agni-histophilus ovis septicaemia in lambs. | | 1993 | 16031718 |
| minimum inhibitory concentrations of tulathromycin against respiratory bacterial pathogens isolated from clinical cases in european cattle and swine and variability arising from changes in in vitro methodology. | the in vitro activity of tulathromycin was evaluated against common bovine and porcine respiratory pathogens collected from outbreaks of clinical disease across eight european countries from 1998 to 2001. minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) for one isolate of each bacterial species from each outbreak were determined using a broth microdilution technique. the lowest concentrations inhibiting the growth of 90% of isolates (mic90) for tulathromycin were 2 microg/ml for mannheimia (pasteurella) ... | 2005 | 16094559 |
| histophilus somni myocarditis in a beef rearing calf in the united kingdom. | | 2005 | 16199780 |
| structural analysis of the lipooligosaccharide-derived oligosaccharide of histophilus somni (haemophilus somnus) strain 8025. | previous structural studies in our laboratory on lipooligosaccharide (los) inner core oligosaccharide (os) had identified structures from several strains of histophilus (haemophilus) somni (738, 2336, 1p, 129pt). recently a type strain 8025 was proposed for this species and we therefore sought to determine the core os structure of this h. somni strain. core os was isolated by standard methods from westphal purified los. structural information was established by a combination of monosaccharide an ... | 2006 | 16343464 |
| acquisition of haemoglobin-bound iron by histophilus somni. | histophilus somni is an important pathogen of cattle and sheep. h. somni requires iron and can use ruminant transferrins as iron sources for growth. here, we investigated the abilities of bovine (strains 649 and 2,336) and ovine (strains 9l and 3384y) isolates of h. somni to acquire iron from haemoglobins. using growth assays, the bovine isolates were shown to acquire iron from bovine haemoglobin, but not from ovine, porcine or human haemoglobins; the ovine isolates, however, failed to use any o ... | 2006 | 16376031 |
| comparative analyses of two cryptic plasmids from haemophilus somnus (histophilus somni). | haemophilus somnus is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen capable of causing pneumonia, septicemia, and other systemic infections in bovines. an h. somnus isolate from bovine abortion (strain 649) was found to carry a approximately 1.3 kb plasmid (phs649) that contained partial homology to two previously sequenced haemophilus/histophilus plasmids by blast analyses. sequence analysis of phs649 identified a putative repa protein with 48% similarity to the repa protein of escherichia coli plasmid p ... | 2006 | 16443273 |
| haemophilus somnus (histophilus somni) in bighorn sheep. | respiratory disease and poor lamb recruitment have been identified as limiting factors for bighorn-sheep populations. haemophilus somnus (recently reclassified as histophilus somni) is associated with respiratory disease in american bison, domestic sheep, and cattle. it is also harbored in their reproductive tracts and has been associated with reproductive failure in domestic sheep and cattle. therefore, reproductive tract and lung samples from bighorn sheep were evaluated for the presence of th ... | 2006 | 16548330 |
| identification of an immunogenic protein of actinobacillus seminis that is present in microvesicles. | actinobacillus seminis is a gram-negative bacterium of the pasteurellaceae family that is involved in ovine epididymitis. looking for a protein specific to this species, we determined the protein profile of subcellular fractions of a. seminis (american type culture collection number 15768): proteins from the outer membrane (omps), inner membrane (imps), and cytoplasm (cps). these profiles provide the first data, to our knowledge, regarding subcellular fractions of a. seminis. in the omp fraction ... | 2006 | 16548331 |
| diseases and pathogens associated with mortality in ontario beef feedlots. | this study determined the prevalence of diseases and pathogens associated with mortality or severe morbidity in 72 ontario beef feedlots in calves that died or were euthanized within 60 days after arrival. routine pathologic and microbiologic investigations, as well as immunohistochemical staining for detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) antigen, were performed on 99 calves that died or were euthanized within 60 days after arrival. major disease conditions identified included fibrinos ... | 2006 | 16566254 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of a p2 family lysogenic bacteriophage, varphimhaa1-phl101, from mannheimia haemolytica serotype a1. | the 34,525 nucleotide sequence of a double-stranded dna bacteriophage (phimhaa1-phl101) from mannheimia haemolytica serotype a1 has been determined. the phage encodes 50 open reading frames. twenty-three of the proteins are similar to proteins of the p2 family of phages. other protein sequences are most similar to possible prophage sequences from the draft genome of histophilus somni 2336. fourteen open reading frames encode proteins with no known homolog. the p2 orthologues are collinear in phi ... | 2006 | 16631219 |
| etiology of respiratory disease in non-vaccinated, non-medicated calves in rearing herds. | the aim of this study was to examine the occurrence of bacterial, mycoplasmal and viral pathogens in the lower respiratory tract of calves in all-in all-out calf-rearing units. according to clinical status, non-medicated calves with and without respiratory disease signs were selected of the 40 herds investigated to analyse the micro-organisms present in healthy and diseased calves. tracheobronchial lavage (tbl) and paired serum samples were analysed for bacteria, mycoplasmas, respiratory syncyti ... | 2007 | 17084565 |
| expression of phosphorylcholine by histophilus somni induces bovine platelet aggregation. | histophilus somni-induced platelet aggregation was inhibited by antagonists of the platelet-activating factor (paf) receptor but not inhibitors of paf synthesis. in addition, h. somni cells expressing phosphorylcholine (chop) induced aggregation, while chop(-) h. somni cells did not. this suggests that h. somni chop may induce platelet aggregation via interactions with the paf receptor. | 2007 | 17118985 |
| complete genome sequence of haemophilus somnus (histophilus somni) strain 129pt and comparison to haemophilus ducreyi 35000hp and haemophilus influenzae rd. | haemophilus somnus can be either a commensal of bovine mucosal surfaces or an opportunistic pathogen. pathogenic strains of h. somnus are a significant cause of systemic disease in cattle. we report the genome sequence of h. somnus 129pt, a nonpathogenic commensal preputial isolate, and the results of a genome-wide comparative analysis of h. somnus 129pt, haemophilus influenzae rd, and haemophilus ducreyi 35000hp. we found unique genes in h. somnus 129pt involved in lipooligosaccharide biosynthe ... | 2007 | 17172329 |
| multiplex pcr for the detection of brucella ovis, actinobacillus seminis and histophilus somni in ram semen. | to develop a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay for the rapid detection of brucella ovis, actinobacillus seminis, histophilus somni in fresh ram semen samples. | 2007 | 17300467 |
| histophilus ovis. | | 1983 | 17422228 |
| ovine mastitis due to histophilus ovis. | the clinical, pathological and bacteriological findings related to ovine mastitis caused by histophilus ovis are described. a high proportion of the ewes belonging to a flock were infected, but the source of the contamination could not be determined. | 1983 | 17422303 |
| cattle fertility problems and histophilus somni. | | 2007 | 17468329 |
| cattle fertility problems and histophilus somni. | | 2007 | 17496283 |
| an investigation of the aetiological role of bovine herpesvirus 4 in bovine endometritis. | uteri from 31 infertile cattle were examined for the presence of bovine herpesvirus 4 (bohv-4) by nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr). samples were also tested for bacteria, including chlamydiae and mycoplasma bovis. bohv-4 was detected by pcr in 27/31 (87.1%) samples, but the presence and amount of viral dna was not correlated with histological and bacteriological findings. arcanobacterium pyogenes, histophilus somni and pasteurella multocida were isolated from five cows with endometritis. c ... | 2008 | 17572123 |
| an evaluation of the relative efficacy of tulathromycin for the treatment of undifferentiated fever in feedlot calves in nebraska. | a field trial was performed under commercial feedlot conditions in central nebraska to assess the relative efficacy of tulathromycin (tula) to florfenicol (flor) for the treatment of undifferentiated fever (uf) in feedlot calves that did not receive a metaphylactic antimicrobial or vaccines/bacterins containing mannheimia haemolytica or histophilus somni at feedlot arrival by comparing animal health, feedlot performance, and carcass characteristic variables. two hundred recently weaned, auction ... | 2007 | 17616056 |
| characterization and comparison of biofilm development by pathogenic and commensal isolates of histophilus somni. | histophilus somni (haemophilus somnus) is an obligate inhabitant of the mucosal surfaces of bovines and sheep and an opportunistic pathogen responsible for respiratory disease, meningoencephalitis, myocarditis, arthritis, and other systemic infections. the identification of an exopolysaccharide produced by h. somni prompted us to evaluate whether the bacterium was capable of forming a biofilm. after growth in polyvinyl chloride wells a biofilm was formed by all strains examined, although most is ... | 2007 | 17644581 |
| minimal inhibitory concentration of tilmicosin against isolates of histophilus somni from australian cattle. | | 2007 | 18042158 |
| histophilus somni host-parasite relationships. | histophilus somni (haemophilus somnus) is one of the key bacterial pathogens involved in the multifactorial etiology of the bovine respiratory disease complex. this gram negative pleomorphic rod also causes bovine septicemia, thrombotic meningencephalitis, myocarditis, arthritis, abortion and infertility, as well as disease in sheep, bison and bighorn sheep. virulence factors include lipooligosaccharide, immunoglobulin binding proteins (as a surface fibrillar network), a major outer membrane pro ... | 2007 | 18218158 |
| immune evasion by pathogens of bovine respiratory disease complex. | bovine respiratory tract disease is a multi-factorial disease complex involving several viruses and bacteria. viruses that play prominent roles in causing the bovine respiratory disease complex include bovine herpesvirus-1, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine viral diarrhea virus and parinfluenza-3 virus. bacteria that play prominent roles in this disease complex are mannheimia haemolytica and mycoplasma bovis. other bacteria that infect the bovine respiratory tract of cattle are histophi ... | 2007 | 18218162 |
| platelet activation by histophilus somni and its lipooligosaccharide induces endothelial cell proinflammatory responses and platelet internalization. | histophilus somni is a gram-negative coccobacillus that causes respiratory and reproductive disease in cattle. the hallmark of systemic h. somni infection is diffuse vascular inflammation that can lead to an acute central nervous system disease known as thrombotic meningoencephalitis. previously, we demonstrated that h. somni and its lipooligosaccharide (los) activate bovine platelets, leading to expression of p selectin, cd40l, and fasl. because activated platelets have been reported to induce ... | 2008 | 18386389 |
| the first report of histophilus somni pneumonia in nigerian dairy cattle. | clinical signs of severe bronchopneumonia, including anorexia, coughing, nasal discharge, dyspnoea, diarrhoea, distension of the neck, lethargy, recumbency, lameness preceding collapse, and death were observed among a herd of holstein-friesian dairy cattle. the outbreak occurred over a 30-day period, and attack and case-fatality rates were 0.4% and 50%, respectively. at necropsy, extensive consolidation in the cranioventral parts of the lungs was observed. histologically, a severe acute bronchop ... | 2009 | 18445535 |
| construction of a high-efficiency shuttle vector for histophilus somni. | the genetic manipulation of histophilus somni is limited due to its high-fidelity restriction-modification system. the broad host-range shuttle plasmid pls88 is capable of transforming some strains of h. somni, but is an inefficient vector. we have constructed an improved version of pls88, pns3k, that transforms h. somni strain 2336 100-fold more efficiently than its predecessor. the transformation efficiency was further increased when pns3k was isolated from h. somni and retransformed into the ... | 2008 | 18502523 |
| microbiological and histopathological findings in cases of fatal bovine respiratory disease of feedlot cattle in western canada. | the aim of this study was to describe the microbiologic agents and pathologic processes in fatal bovine respiratory disease (brd) of feedlot cattle and to investigate associations between agents and pathologic processes. ninety feedlot calves diagnosed at necropsy with brd and 9 control calves without brd were examined, using immunohistochemical (ihc) staining and histopathologic studies. mannheimia haemolytica (mh) (peracute, acute, and subacute cases) and mycoplasma bovis (mb) (subacute, bronc ... | 2008 | 18512458 |
| protection of mice against h. somni septicemia by vaccination with recombinant immunoglobulin binding protein subunits. | histophilus somni causes bovine pneumonia as well as septicemia and its sequelae but mechanisms of virulence and protective immunity are poorly understood. since surface immunoglobulin binding proteins are virulence factors, we addressed their role as protective antigens in a mouse model of h. somni septicemia. immunoglobulin binding protein a (ibpa), has homology to bordetella pertussis filamentous hemagglutinin and other large bacterial exoproteins. ibpa is a major surface antigen encoded by t ... | 2008 | 18590787 |
| first isolation of histophilus somni from goats. | histophilus somni (former name: haemophilus somnus) is a gram-negative, facultative pathogen bacterium that colonises the mucous membranes of cattle and sheep, however it was also described in american bison and bighorn sheep. it can cause local or generalised diseases and asymptomatic carriers can also occur. the presence and the etiological role of this microorganism have not been confirmed in any other domesticated species yet. the purpose of this study was to prove the presence of h. somni i ... | 2009 | 18774660 |
| histophilus somni biofilm formation in cardiopulmonary tissue of the bovine host following respiratory challenge. | biofilms form in a variety of host sites following infection with many bacterial species. however, the study of biofilms in a host is hindered due to the lack of protocols for the proper experimental investigation of biofilms in vivo. histophilus somni is an agent of respiratory and systemic diseases in bovines, and readily forms biofilms in vitro. in the present study the capability of h. somni to form biofilms in cardiopulmonary tissue following experimental respiratory infection in the bovine ... | 2009 | 19095078 |
| comparison of florfenicol and tulathromycin for the treatment of undifferentiated fever in alberta feedlot calves. | the purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of florfenicol versus tulathromycin for initial treatment of undifferentiated fever in fall-placed steer calves that received metaphylactic tilmicosin on arrival at the feedlot. no significant differences (p > .10) were observed in undifferentiated fever relapses or the crude case fatality rate. calves treated with florfenicol had a lower case fatality rate (p = .04) for bovine respiratory disease and histophilus diseas ... | 2008 | 19177332 |
| respiratory disease in calves: microbiological investigations on trans-tracheally aspirated bronchoalveolar fluid and acute phase protein response. | trans-tracheal aspirations from 56 apparently healthy calves and 34 calves with clinical signs of pneumonia were collected in six different herds during september and november 2002. the 90 samples were cultivated and investigated by pcr tests targeting the species histophilus somni, mannheimia haemolytica, pasteurella multocida, mycoplasma bovis, mycoplasma dispar, and mycoplasma bovirhinis. a pcr test amplifying the lktc-artj intergenic region was evaluated and shown to be specific for the two ... | 2009 | 19186010 |
| virulence attributes of histophilus somni with a deletion mutation in the ibpa gene. | histophilus somni strain 2336 contains a large open reading frame of 12,285-bp length, ibpa, encoding the immunoglobulin binding protein (ibpa) which is associated with h. somni serum resistance. to elucidate other functions of the strain 2336 ibpa protein, an ibpa isogenic mutant, 2336.a1, was created by replacement of an 11.6-kb ibpa sequence with a kanamycin resistant gene cassette. both the mutant strain 2336.a1 and the wild-type strain 2336 adhered at similar levels to bovine turbinate cell ... | 2009 | 19269314 |
| the fic domain: regulation of cell signaling by adenylylation. | we show that the secreted antigen, ibpa, of the respiratory pathogen histophilus somni induces cytotoxicity in mammalian cells via its fic domains. fic domains are defined by a core hpfxxgngr motif and are conserved from bacteria to humans. we demonstrate that the fic domains of ibpa catalyze a unique reversible adenylylation event that uses atp to add an adenosine monophosphate (amp) moiety to a conserved tyrosine residue in the switch i region of rho gtpases. this modification requires the con ... | 2009 | 19362538 |
| diagnostic exercise: myocarditis due to histophilus somni in feedlot and backgrounded cattle. | a backgrounding operation for calves in wyoming identified a disease syndrome presenting as lethargy, fever, and death between november and january each year. an unfixed heart was submitted for examination, along with samples of lung. there was focal red discoloration in papillary muscle of the left ventricular myocardium. histologically, the lesion corresponded to acute necrotizing myocarditis with myriad intravascular and intralesional gram-negative coccobacilli. histophilus somni was detected ... | 2009 | 19429974 |
| pathogenicity of different strains of histophilus somni in the experimental induction of ovine epididymitis. | the purpose of this study was to determine any differences in pathogenicity when sheep are experimentally infected with different histophilus somni isolates: a) 2336 bovine origin strain; b) an isolate from ram orchitis and epididymitis; c) an isolate from the brain of a sheep with neurological signs; d) an isolate from the vagina of a clinically healthy ewe. a total of 20 rams divided in groups of 5 animals each were inoculated in the epididymis with 1 x 10(7) cfu/ml of h. somni; a negative con ... | 2009 | 19436586 |
| pecam-1 is involved in neutrophil transmigration across histophilus somni treated bovine brain endothelial cells. | histophilus somni (h. somni) is a gram-negative bacterial pathogen that causes respiratory, reproductive, and central nervous system disease in cattle. the hallmark of systemic h. somni infection is diffused vasculitis that can lead to an acute central nervous system disease known as thrombotic meningoencephalitis (tme). because platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (pecam-1) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (enos) play fundamental roles in maintaining homeostasis in blood vessels, ... | 2009 | 19524660 |
| lung pathology and infectious agents in fatal feedlot pneumonias and relationship with mortality, disease onset, and treatments. | this study charted 237 fatal cases of bovine respiratory disease (brd) observed from may 2002 to may 2003 in a single oklahoma feed yard. postmortem lung samples were used for agent identification and histopathology. late in the study, 94 skin samples (ear notches) were tested for bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) by immunohistochemistry (ihc). bovine respiratory disease morbidity was 14.7%, and the mortality rate of all causes was 1.3%, with more than half (53.8%) attributed to brd (0.7% total ... | 2009 | 19564494 |
| aerosol infection of calves with histophilus somni. | the purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate an aerosol infection method with histophilus somni that closely resembles the natural way of infection of calves. another aim was to compare the virulence of two h. somni strains by collecting clinical and postmortem data of experimentally infected and control animals. seventeen conventionally reared 3-month-old calves were divided into three groups. two groups of six animals each were exposed to suspensions containing h. somni on three conse ... | 2009 | 19635707 |
| molecular characterization of phosphorylcholine expression on the lipooligosaccharide of histophilus somni. | histophilus somni (haemophilus somnus) is an important pathogen of cattle that is responsible for respiratory disease, septicemia, and systemic diseases such as thrombotic meningoencephalitis, myocarditis, and abortion. a variety of virulence factors have been identified in h. somni, including compositional and antigenic variation of the lipooligosaccharide (los). phosphorylcholine (chop) has been identified as one of the components of h. somni los that undergoes antigenic variation. in this stu ... | 2009 | 19682567 |
| host response to bovine respiratory pathogens. | bovine respiratory disease (brd) involves complex interactions amongst viral and bacterial pathogens that can lead to intense pulmonary inflammation (fibrinous pleuropneumonia). viral infection greatly increases the susceptibility of cattle to secondary infection of the lung with bacterial pathogens like mannheimia haemolytica and histophilus somni. the underlying reason for this viral/bacterial synergism, and the manner in which cattle respond to the virulence strategies of the bacterial pathog ... | 2009 | 20003650 |
| update on bacterial pathogenesis in brd. | mannheimia haemolytica, pasteurella multocida, histophilus somni, mycoplasma bovis and arcanobacterium pyogenes are all frequently implicated in bovine respiratory disease (brd). m. haemolytica is considered the most important of the group. these bacteria are commensals in the nasopharynx and establish infection in the lungs of cattle that are subjected to a variety of stresses. factors that permit adherence to and proliferation in the lungs and factors that cause tissue destruction and inflamma ... | 2009 | 20003651 |
| a genomic window into the virulence of histophilus somni. | histophilus somni is an obligate inhabitant of the respiratory and genital mucosal surfaces of bovines and ovines. an individual strain can be a primary pathogen, an opportunistic pathogen, or a commensal, but can also move between these classifications if introduced into an appropriate site (e.g. the lungs) under conditions that favor bacterial persistence. h. somni is one of the bacterial agents responsible for bovine respiratory disease complex and can also cause a variety of systemic disease ... | 2010 | 20036125 |
| bovine pasteurellosis and other bacterial infections of the respiratory tract. | despite technological, biologic, and pharmacologic advances the bacterial component of the bovine respiratory disease (brd) complex continues to have a major adverse effect on the health and wellbeing of stocker and feeder cattle. overlooked in this disappointing assessment is evaluation of the effects that working with younger, lighter-weight cattle have on managing the bacterial component of the brd complex. most problems associated with brd come from cattle taken from and comingled with cattl ... | 2010 | 20117542 |
| histophilus somni ibpa dr2/fic in virulence and immunoprotection at the natural host alveolar epithelial barrier. | newly recognized fic family virulence proteins may be important in many bacterial pathogens. to relate cellular mechanisms to pathogenesis and immune protection, we studied the cytotoxicity of the histophilus somni immunoglobulin-binding protein a (ibpa) direct repeat 2 fic domain (dr2/fic) for natural host target cells. live virulent ibpa-producing h. somni strain 2336, a cell-free culture supernatant (ccs) of this strain, or recombinant dr2/fic (rdr2/fic) caused dramatic retraction and roundin ... | 2010 | 20176790 |