| gizzard nematodiasis in japanese mountain hawk eagle (spizaetus nipalensis). | in this paper, we report spontaneous gizzard nematodiasis in an adult japanese mountain hawk eagle (spizaetus nipalensis). grossly, the gizzard had a black mucoid substance attached to the surface mucous membrane, and the heart was dilated. histologically, immature larvae with yellow pigments invaded crypts of the mucous membrane. more developed larvae invaded the lamina propria and muscular layers and serosa of the gizzard, with pressure atrophy and cellular reaction (infiltration of heterophil ... | 2001 | 11569755 |
| polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls in livers of birds from japan. | concentrations of 2,3,7,8-substituted polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdds), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdfs), and non- and mono-ortho-chlorine-substituted polychlorinated biphenyls (dioxin-like pcbs) were measured in livers of 17 species of birds collected from japan. birds were grouped according to their feeding habits as granivores, piscivores, omnivores, and predators for discussions. livers of granivores contained relatively low concentrations of pcdd/dfs (80-660 pg/g) followed in ... | 2002 | 11815817 |
| nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism and osteodystrophia fibrosa in a hodgson's hawk-eagle (spizaetus nipalensis). | a hodgson's hawk-eagle (spizaetus nipalensis) reared by a falconer showed severe weakness with multiple fractures of bone. it had a history of being fed an all-meat diet. serological examination revealed a hypocalcaemia (72.0 microg/ml), and hypophosphataemia (29.0 microg/ml). gross and microscopic examinations demonstrated severe osteodystrophia fibrosa (fibrous osteodystrophy) characterized by osteoclastic bone resorption and intertrabecular fibrosis with unmineralized trabecular bone containi ... | 2004 | 14681062 |
| lethality and molecular characterization of an hpai h5n1 virus isolated from eagles smuggled from thailand into europe. | on october 18, 2004, two crested hawk eagles, spizaetus nipalensis, smuggled into europe from thailand were seized at brussels international airport. a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, denominated a/crested eagle/belgium/01/2004, was isolated from these birds and antigenically characterized as h5n1. here we report on the molecular characterization of a/crested eagle/belgium/01/2004 (h5n1). we completely sequenced all eight genome segments. the hemagglutinin (ha) and neuraminidase (na) se ... | 2007 | 17494594 |
| high-throughput gender identification of accipitridae eagles with real-time pcr using taqman probes. | the objective was to develop high-throughput gender identification of eagles. based on blast and alignment analyses, the chd-z and chd-w sequences of nine species of eagles were highly homologous with spilornis cheela hoya (s. c. hoya); therefore, taqman probes were designed to target their chd-zw-common and chd-w-specific regions. in s. c. hoya, genders were identified using taqman-based, real-time pcr (amplified by p2/p8 primers); this method was validated with anatomically confirmed controls ... | 2008 | 18440628 |
| [highly pathogenic avian influenza and wild birds]. | highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (hpaiv) subtype h5n1 prevails worldwide and causes serious problems in poultry industry. the virus is also known as one of the most important zoonotic agents derived from avian species. because many bird species other than poultry such as chicken and duck are susceptible for hpaiv infection, wild birds are thought to play an important role in distribution and transmission of the virus. however, the ecological role of wild birds as a reservoir of hpaiv in n ... | 2009 | 19927989 |
| characterization of h5n1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus isolated from a mountain hawk eagle in japan. | on january 4, 2007, an emaciated mountain hawk-eagle was found in kumamoto prefecture, japan. highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) virus subtype h5n1 was isolated from both tracheal and cloacal swabs of the dead bird. on january 13, an outbreak of hpai, caused by h5n1 strain, occurred in a chicken farm in miyazaki prefecture. within three weeks, three additional outbreaks had occurred (two in miyazaki prefecture and one in okayama prefecture). to investigate the relationship between the hawk ... | 2010 | 20009423 |
| susceptibility of wild passerines to subtype h5n1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses. | highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) viruses of the h5n1 subtype have spread throughout many areas of asia, europe and africa, and numerous cases of hpai outbreaks in domestic and wild birds have been reported. although recent studies suggest that the dissemination of h5n1 viruses is closely linked to the migration of wild birds, information on the potential for viral infection in species other than poultry and waterfowl is relatively limited. to investigate the susceptibility of terrestrial ... | 2015 | 26274569 |
| spatial assessment of the potential risk of avian influenza a virus infection in three raptor species in japan. | avian influenza a, a highly pathogenic avian influenza, is a lethal infection in certain species of wild birds, including some endangered species. raptors are susceptible to avian influenza, and spatial risk assessment of such species may be valuable for conservation planning. we used the maximum entropy approach to generate potential distribution models of three raptor species from presence-only data for the mountain hawk-eagle nisaetus nipalensis, northern goshawk accipiter gentilis and peregr ... | 2016 | 26972333 |
| the genome sequence of a widespread apex predator, the golden eagle (aquila chrysaetos). | biologists routinely use molecular markers to identify conservation units, to quantify genetic connectivity, to estimate population sizes, and to identify targets of selection. many imperiled eagle populations require such efforts and would benefit from enhanced genomic resources. we sequenced, assembled, and annotated the first eagle genome using dna from a male golden eagle (aquila chrysaetos) captured in western north america. we constructed genomic libraries that were sequenced using illumin ... | 2014 | 24759626 |
| karyotype reorganization with conserved genomic compartmentalization in dot-shaped microchromosomes in the japanese mountain hawk-eagle (nisaetus nipalensis orientalis, accipitridae). | the karyotype of the japanese mountain hawk-eagle (nisaetus nipalensis orientalis) (2n = 66) consists of a large number of medium-sized and small chromosomes but only 4 pairs of dot-shaped microchromosomes, in contrast to the typical avian karyotype with a small number of macrochromosomes and many indistinguishable microchromosomes. to investigate the drastic karyotype reorganization in this species, we performed a molecular cytogenetic characterization employing chromosome in situ hybridization ... | 2013 | 23838459 |
| vertebrate scavenger guild composition and utilization of carrion in an east asian temperate forest. | scavenging is a common feeding behavior by many species that plays an important role in ecosystem stability and function while also providing ecosystem services. despite its importance, facultative scavenging on large animal carcasses has generally been overlooked in asian temperate forest ecosystems. the aim of this study was to determine the composition and feeding behavior of the facultative scavenger guild as it relates to sika deer (cervus nippon) carcasses in japanese forests. there are no ... | 2020 | 32076509 |
| morphological and molecular characterization of avian trypanosomes in raptors from thailand. | from september 2012 to may 2018, blood samples from 364 raptors (mostly adults) were collected and screened for trypanosomes and haemosporidians by microscopic examination and nested polymerase chain reactions (pcr). trypanosoma spp. were identified in 15 birds from eight different species. light microscopy revealed 14 cases of infection with trypanosoma cf. corvi, including one each in black-shouldered kite (elanus caeruleus, n = 49), brahminy kite (haliastur indus, n = 50), and spotted owlet ( ... | 2019 | 31230161 |