| a trypsin inhibitor from snail medic seeds active against pest proteases. | a protein trypsin inhibitor from seeds of snail medic (medicago scutellata), msti, has been purified by ion-exchange chromatography, gel-filtration chromatography and reverse-phase hplc. the protein inhibits the catalytic activity of bovine beta-trypsin, with an apparent kd of 1.8 x 10(-9), but exhibits no activity towards bovine alpha-chymotrypsin. moreover, msti inhibits the trypsin-like proteinase activity present in larvae of the crop pests adoxophyes orana, hyphantria cunea, lobesia botrana ... | 1997 | 9014368 |
| the response of the grape berry moth (lobesia botrana) to a dietary phytopathogenic fungus (botrytis cinerea): the significance of fungus sterols. | a tortricidae (lobesia botrana) has a mutualistic relationship with the fungus (botrytis cinerea). in this study, we investigated the growth, survival, fecundity and amount of sterols and steroids in larvae of this vineyard pest reared on artificial diets containing mycelium (3%) or purified sterols (0.01%) of the phytopathogenic fungus. two principal questions related to the physiological and biochemical basis of this mutualistic relationship were addressed: (1) how the fungus influences growth ... | 2000 | 10980301 |
| shared binding sites in lepidoptera for bacillus thuringiensis cry1ja and cry1a toxins. | bacillus thuringiensis toxins act by binding to specific target sites in the insect midgut epithelial membrane. the best-known mechanism of resistance to b. thuringiensis toxins is reduced binding to target sites. because alteration of a binding site shared by several toxins may cause resistance to all of them, knowledge of which toxins share binding sites is useful for predicting cross-resistance. conversely, cross-resistance among toxins suggests that the toxins share a binding site. at least ... | 2001 | 11722929 |
| morphological and molecular investigations of a microsporidium infecting the european grape vine moth, lobesia botrana den. et schiff., and its taxonomic determination as cystosporogenes legeri nov. comb. | we have isolated a microsporidium from a laboratory stock of the european grape vine moth, lobesia botrana den. et schiff. (lepidoptera, tortricidae). screening of this stock showed an infection rate of more than 90%, whereas field collected larvae from three different locations in rhineland-palatinate (germany) did not demonstrate any signs of infection. light and electron microscopic investigations of infected insects showed that gross pathology, morphology, and ultrastructure of the microspor ... | 2003 | 12877831 |
| biological control of lobesia botrana (lepidoptera: tortricidae) larvae by using different formulations of bacillus thuringiensis in 11 vine cultivars under field conditions. | this work describes the results of an experiment that was conducted in the vineyard of the american farm school, thermi, thessaloniki greece, during 2001. its aim was to study the efficacy of two formulations of bacillus thuringiensis berliner (wettable powder and dust) to control the larvae of lobesia botrana denis & schiffermueler (lepidoptera: tortricidae). the experimental results showed that the two formulations of b. thuringiensis are significantly more effective than the control, the dust ... | 2004 | 15154453 |
| occurrence of cystosporogenes sp. (protozoa, microsporidia) in a multi-species insect production facility and its elimination from a colony of the eastern spruce budworm, choristoneura fumiferana (clem.) (lepidoptera: tortricidae). | we have isolated a microsporidium from a laboratory colony of the eastern spruce budworm, choristoneura fumiferana (clem.) (lepidoptera: tortricidae). light and electron microscopic investigations showed that gross pathology and ultrastructure of our isolate are similar to those described for cystosporogenes legeri from the european grape vine moth, lobesia botrana. comparative phylogenetic analysis of the small subunit rdna using maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, and neighbour joining dist ... | 2004 | 15491595 |
| relative performance of european grapevine moth (lobesia botrana) on grapes and other hosts. | the european grapevine moth, lobesia botrana is a major grapevine pest, but despite the abundance of vineyards it is a generalist and uses either grapes or alternative species. given the abundance and predictability of grape, l. botrana could be expected to have evolved towards monophagy. in order to understand why this species remains polyphagous, we hypothesized that larvae reared on rare wild host plants should have higher fitness than those reared on the more abundant grape host. for this, w ... | 2005 | 15791428 |
| effect of lobesia botrana damages on black aspergilli rot and ochratoxin a content in grapes. | sixty-nine wine grape samples of two varieties (bombino nero and uva di troia) were collected from four vineyards in a high ochratoxin a (ota) incidence grape-growing area in apulia, southern italy, during the 2001 and 2002 crop harvests. the levels of toxin, measured in the two year harvests, ranged from 0.02 to 681 ng/g of fresh berries. in both surveys, higher levels of contamination by black aspergilli and ota were found in both intact and rotten berries originating from bunches damaged by l ... | 2006 | 16707181 |
| molecular and insecticidal characterization of a cry1i protein toxic to insects of the families noctuidae, tortricidae, plutellidae, and chrysomelidae. | the most notable characteristic of bacillus thuringiensis is its ability to produce insecticidal proteins. more than 300 different proteins have been described with specific activity against insect species. we report the molecular and insecticidal characterization of a novel cry gene encoding a protein of the cry1i group with toxic activity towards insects of the families noctuidae, tortricidae, plutellidae, and chrysomelidae. pcr analysis detected a dna sequence with an open reading frame of 2. ... | 2006 | 16820473 |
| potential of the bacillus thuringiensis toxin reservoir for the control of lobesia botrana (lepidoptera: tortricidae), a major pest of grape plants. | the potential of bacillus thuringiensis cry proteins to control the grape pest lobesia botrana was explored by testing first-instar larvae with cry proteins belonging to the cry1, cry2, and cry9 groups selected for their documented activities against lepidoptera. cry9ca, a toxin from b. thuringiensis, was the protein most toxic to l. botrana larvae, followed in decreasing order by cry2ab, cry1ab, cry2aa, and cry1ia7, with 50% lethal concentration values of 0.09, 0.1, 1.4, 3.2, and 8.5 microg/ml ... | 2007 | 17085712 |
| managing ochratoxin a risk in the grape-wine food chain. | the main source of ochratoxin a (ota) in the wine food chain is the infection of grapes by "black aspergilli" in the field. ota-producing black aspergilli include principally aspergillus carbonarius, followed by a. niger and possibly a. tubingensis. they are opportunistic fungi that develop particularly on damaged berries at ripening, although they may occur and form ota on grapes from veraison to harvest. climatic conditions (high humidity and temperature) and geographical location are importan ... | 2008 | 18286409 |
| spatial analysis of lobesia botrana (lepidoptera: tortricidae) male population in a mediterranean agricultural landscape in central italy. | the results obtained from the spatial analysis of pheromone-baited trap catch data of lobesia botrana (denis and schiffermüller) males are reported. the research was undertaken in the abruzzo region of central italy. in the study area, vineyards (of vitis vinifera l.) are the predominant cultivation, surrounded by hedgerows and small woodlots, and interspersed with cereal crops and olive groves. the main purpose of the study was to investigate the spatio-temporal dynamics of l. botrana, inside a ... | 2008 | 18419910 |
| influence of lobesia botrana field control on black aspergilli rot and ochratoxin a contamination in grapes. | the grape berry moth lobesia botrana is a key pest in vineyards in southern europe. damage caused by l. botrana larvae may encourage growth of black aspergilli, leading to ochratoxin a (ota) accumulation in grapes. field trials were conducted during three grape growing seasons (2005 through 2007) in apulia, italy, to evaluate an insecticide control strategy for l. botrana in the vineyard as an indirect method of reducing ota contamination by reducing black aspergilli on the grapes. in the 2005 f ... | 2009 | 19435246 |
| pesticides' influence on wine fermentation. | wine quality strongly depends on the grape quality. to obtain high-quality wines, it is necessary to process healthy grapes at the correct ripeness stage and for this reason the farmer has to be especially careful in the prevention of parasite attacks on the grapevine. the most common fungal diseases affecting grape quality are downy and powdery mildew (plasmopara viticola and uncinula necator), and gray mold (botrytis cinerea). on the other hand, the most dangerous insects are the grape moth (l ... | 2010 | 20610173 |
| effectiveness of insecticides in controlling the first and second generations of the lobesia botrana (lepidoptera: tortricidae) in table grapes. | the moth lobesia botrana (denis & schiffermüller) (lepidoptera: tortricidae) is a key pest of table and wine grape (vitis spp.) varieties in cyprus. many different insecticide combinations were applied for three consecutive years (2006-2008) in a sultana seedless table grape vineyard, aimed at controlling the first and second generations of this pest under warm and dry mediterranean climatic conditions. in cyprus, sultana is the main early maturing table grape variety grown in the country. l. bo ... | 2011 | 21510208 |
| [synthetic sexual attractants of lobesia botrana (schiff) (lepidoptera tortricidae), a predator of grapevines]. | | 2014 | 4218971 |
| a screening of five bacillus thuringiensis vip3a proteins for their activity against lepidopteran pests. | five bacillus thuringiensis vip3a proteins (vip3aa, vip3ab, vip3ad, vip3ae and vip3af) and their corresponding trypsin-activated toxins were tested for their toxicity against eight lepidopteran pests: agrotis ipsilon, helicoverpa armigera, mamestra brassicae, spodoptera exigua, spodoptera frugiperda, spodoptera littoralis, ostrinia nubilalis and lobesia botrana. toxicity was first tested at a high dose at 7 and 10 days. no major differences were found when comparing protoxins vs. trypsin-activat ... | 2014 | 24508583 |
| proposed measures of control management of the grape moth, lobesia botrana den and schiff (lepidoptera: tortricidae), in reference to infestation percentages, yield loss and economics of control in egypt. | this study aims to evaluate the efficacy of five measures; including the release of two strains of trichogramma, bacillus thuringiensis (b.t.). sweetened b.t. and the environmentally friend insecticide (tracer®), to manage the grape moth, lobesia botrana that infested the grape vines c.v. "thompson seedless " in egypt severely during the two successive years of 2011 and 2012. in concern to the release of the worldwide, trichogramma evanescens westwood., the mean total grape yield ranged from 8.0 ... | 2014 | 26084105 |
| ochratoxin a management in vineyards by lobesia botrana biocontrol. | grape berries attacked by lobesia botrana larvae are more easily infected by aspergillus section nigri (black aspergilli) ochratoxigenic species. two-year field trials were carried out in apulia (italy) to evaluate a bioinsecticide control strategy against l. botrana and the indirect effect on reducing ochratoxin a (ota) contamination in vineyards. a commercial bacillus thuringiensis formulate and an experimental beauveria bassiana (item-1559) formulate were tested in two vineyards cultivated wi ... | 2013 | 23282670 |
| epiphyas postvittana (lepidoptera: tortricidae)-botrytis cinerea (helotiales: sclerotiniaceae)-vitis vinifera (vitales: vitaceae) interaction: the role of b. cinerea on the development of e. postvittana in synthetic nutritional media. | epiphyas postvittana (walker) (light-brown apple moth) is a polyphagous herbivore of economic significance, which also feeds on vitis vinifera l. the e. postvittana-v. vinifera interacting system also involves the participation of the fungus botrytis cinerea persoon ex fries. we have been exploring the relationship among e. postvittana-v. vinifera-b. cinerea over the past two years. in this article, we report the preference and performance of the larvae of e. postvittana raised solely on a synth ... | 2015 | 26470305 |
| homologous and heterologous expression of grapevine e-(β)-caryophyllene synthase (vvgwecar2). | e-(β)-caryophyllene is a sesquiterpene volatile emitted by plants and involved in many ecological interactions within and among trophic levels and it has a kairomonal activity for many insect species. in grapevine it is a key compound for host-plant recognition by the european grapevine moth, lobesia botrana, together with other two sesquiterpenes. in grapevine e-(β)-caryophyllene synthase is coded by the vvgwecar2 gene, although complete characterization of the corresponding protein has not yet ... | 2016 | 27561253 |
| acute and reproductive effects of align, an insecticide containing azadirachtin, on the grape berry moth, lobesia botrana. | azadirachtin, derived from the neem tree, azadirachta indica a. juss (sapindales: meliaceae), seems promising for use in integrated pest management programs to control a variety of pest species. a commercial formulation of azadirachtin, align, has been evaluated against different developmental stages of the european grape berry moth, lobesia botrana denis and schiffermüller (lepidoptera: tortricidae). when administered orally, align reduced the fecundity and fertility of adults treated with 1, 5 ... | 2010 | 20578954 |
| comparative effect of three neurotoxic insecticides with different modes of action on adult males and females of three tortricid moth pests. | insecticides are the dominant pest management method in fruit and vegetable crops worldwide owing to their quick effect, low cost, and relatively easy application, but they bear negative effects on human health and the environment. insecticide mode of action (moa), target species, and sex are variables that could affect insecticide-induced mortality. we recorded the mortality caused by three neurotoxic insecticides with different modes of action (chlorpyrifos [organophosphate, acetylcholinestera ... | 2017 | 28402435 |
| semiochemical strategies for tortricid moth control in apple orchards and vineyards in italy. | - this review summarizes work done in italy in taking semiochemical-based management of orchard and vineyard pests from the research and development stage to successful commercial deployment. mating disruption (md) of codling moth cydia pomonella (cm) was originally introduced into the trentino-south tyrol areas to address the development of cm resistance to insecticides, particularly insect growth regulators (igrs), and to mitigate the conflict at the rural/urban interface related to the extens ... | 2016 | 27417503 |
| short-chain alkanes synergise responses of moth pests to their sex pheromones. | the use of sex pheromones for mating disruption of moth pests of crops is increasing worldwide. efforts are under way to augment the efficiency and reliability of this control method by adding molecules derived from host plants to the sex attractants in dispensers. | 2016 | 26084954 |
| determination of areas with the most significant shift in persistence of pests in europe under climate change. | this study aimed to estimate the impact of climate change on the ranges of crop pest species in europe. the organisms included in the study were species from the family tortricidae (cydia pomonella, lobesia botrana) and the family pyralidae (ostrinia nubilalis), chrysomelidae beetles (leptinotarsa decemlineata, oulema melanopus) and species from the family aphididae (ropalosiphum padi, sitobion avenae). climate conditions in the year 2055 were simulated using a subset of five representative glob ... | 2014 | 23901033 |
| chromosomal evolution in tortricid moths: conserved karyotypes with diverged features. | moths of the family tortricidae constitute one of the major microlepidopteran groups in terms of species richness and economic importance. yet, despite their overall significance, our knowledge of their genome organization is very limited. in order to understand karyotype evolution in the family tortricidae, we performed detailed cytogenetic analysis of grapholita molesta, g. funebrana, lobesia botrana, and eupoecilia ambiguella, representatives of two main tortricid subfamilies, olethreutinae a ... | 2013 | 23717623 |
| effects of kaolin on lobesia botrana (lepidoptera: tortricidae) and its compatibility with the natural enemy, trichogramma cacoeciae (hymenoptera: trichogrammatidae). | lobesia botrana (denis and schiffermüller) (lepidoptera: tortricidae) is an important grapevine pest in europe recently encountered in america. trichogramma cacoeciae marchal (hymenoptera: trichogrammatidae) is amongst the most effective parasitoids for lepidopteran species. studies to evaluate the effect of kaolin, an inert, nontoxic mineral, on oviposition, egg hatch, and neonate mortality of these species were carried out. efficacy on l. botrana neonate larvae, oviposition, and egg hatch was ... | 2016 | 26803817 |
| a review of insect parasitoids associated with lobesia botrana (denis & schiffermüller, 1775) in italy. 1. dipteratachinidae and hymenopterabraconidae (lepidoptera, tortricidae). | this paper is aimed to summarize the information available on the parasitoid complex of the european grapevine moth (egvm), lobesia botrana (denis & schiffermüller, 1775) (lepidoptera tortricidae) in italy. the list is the result of the consultation of a vast bibliography published in italy for almost two hundred years, from 1828 to date. this allowed the clarification and correction of misunderstandings and mistakes on the taxonomic position of each species listed. in italy the complex of paras ... | 2017 | 28325964 |