| a region of heterogeneity adjacent to the 5s ribosomal rna gene of cereal rusts. | total genomic dna was isolated from three cereal stem rusts, puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, f. sp. secalis, f. sp. avenae, and two cereal leaf rusts, p. recondita f. sp. tritici and p. coronata f. sp. avenae, and analyzed for the presence of heterogeneity in the intergenic region of the ribosomal dna repeat unit. a 1 kb region of the repeat unit between the 26s and the 5s rrna genes (igr-1) was amplified by pcr and was found to be heterogeneous within each isolate and variable in size between ... | 1992 | 1339324 |
| application of sts markers for leaf rust resistance genes in near-isogenic lines of spring wheat cv. thatcher. | sequence tagged site (sts) markers for eight resistance genes against puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici were used to screen a set of near-isogenic lines of wheat cv. thatcher containing in total 40 different lr genes and their alleles. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) analysis was carried out by using sts, scar and caps primers specific for the leaf rust resistance genes lr1, lr9, lr10, lr19, lr24, lr28, lr37 and lr47. the sts, caps and scar markers linked to resistance genes lr9, lr10, lr19, lr2 ... | 2003 | 12923307 |
| molecular markers for leaf rust resistance genes in wheat. | over 100 genes of resistance to rust fungi: puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici, (47 lr - leaf rust genes), p. striiformis (18 yr - yellow rust genes) and p. graminis f. sp. tritici (41 sr - stripe rust genes) have been identified in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and its wild relatives according to recent papers. sixteen lr resistance genes have been mapped using restriction fragments length polymorphism (rflp) markers on wheat chromosomes. more than ten lr genes can be identified in breeding mater ... | 2001 | 14564046 |
| molecular genetic variability of australian isolates of five cereal rust pathogens. | rust fungi cause economically important diseases of cereals, and their ability to rapidly evolve new virulent races has hindered attempts to control them by genetic resistance. pcr-based molecular tools may assist in understanding the genetic structure of pathogen populations. the high multiplex dna fingerprinting techniques, amplified fragment length polymorphisms (aflp), selectively amplified microsatellites (sam) and sequence-specific amplification polymorphisms (s-sap) were assessed for thei ... | 2003 | 12884951 |
| cytological and molecular analysis of the hordeum vulgare-puccinia triticina nonhost interaction. | cultivated barley, hordeum vulgare l., is considered to be a nonhost or intermediate host species for the wheat leaf rust fungus puccinia triticina. here, we have investigated, at the microscopic and molecular levels, the reaction of barley cultivars to wheat leaf rust infection. in the nonhost resistant cultivar cebada capa, abortion of fungal growth occurred at both pre- and posthaustorial stages, suggesting that defense genes are expressed throughout the development of the inappropriate fungu ... | 2003 | 12848428 |
| some endophytic fungi reduce the density of pustules of puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici in wheat. | the interaction between puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici (now widely referred to as p. triticina) and endophytic fungi in wheat was examined in laboratory experiments to determine whether the presence of fungal endophytes suppresses leaf rust disease caused by this fungus. endophytes and cell-free washings from culture plates of the endophytes reduced the density and size of pustules in a susceptible cultivar when inoculated 3, 7 and 14 d prior to the pathogen. disease at 12 d was reduced when ... | 2003 | 12825500 |
| leaf rust resistance genes of wheat: identification in cultivars and resistance sources. | thirty-seven wheat cultivars originating from seven european countries were examined by using sequence tagged site (sts) markers for seven lr (leaf rust = brown rust) resistance genes against the fungal pathogen of wheat puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici (lr9, lr10, lr19, lr24, lr26 and lr37). additionally, 22 accessions with various lr genes from two germplasm collections were tested. a scar (sequence-characterized amplified region) marker for lr24 and a caps (cleaved amplified polymorphic sequ ... | 2003 | 12773791 |
| leaf-rust resistance in rye (secale cereale l.). 1. genetic analysis and mapping of resistance genes pr1 and pr2. | genetic analysis of resistance to leaf rust in rye (puccinia recondita f. sp. secalis) led to the identification of two dominant resistance genes, pr1 and pr2. both genes proved to be effective against a local leaf-rust population as well as a subset of single-pustule isolates (spis) the latter of which comprised spis with very high virulence complexity. resistance conferred by pr1 and pr2 was expressed in detached-leaf tests of seedlings as well as in field tests of adult plants. molecular mark ... | 2003 | 12721636 |
| antifungal activities of n-arylbenzenesulfonamides against phytopathogens and control efficacy on wheat leaf rust and cabbage club root diseases. | a set of n-arylbenzenesulfonamides with various substituents at the arylamine and benzenesulfonyl positions were prepared, and their antifungal properties were measured in vitro against such plant pathogenic fungi as pythium ultimum, phytophthora capsici, rhizoctonia solani, and botrytis cinerea. compounds 3, 4, 8, 9, 10, 14, 16, 18, 20, 21, 24 and 27 had antifungal activity over a broad spectrum of the phytopathogenic fungi tested, where 50% of inhibition (ed50) was in the range of 3-15 microg/ ... | 2002 | 12596866 |
| cloning and mapping of genes involved in wheat-leaf rust interaction through gene-expression analysis using chromosome-deleted near-isogenic wheat lines. | molecular markers on wheat chromosome 6bl were isolated using mrna differential display. two wheat isolines inoculated with puccinia recondita were analysed: sinvalocho ma line carrying the lr3 gene for leaf rust resistance on distal chromosome 6bl, and a rust-susceptible derivative of the sinvalocho ma line with a deletion at the distal end of chromosome 6bl. comparison of mrna fingerprinting profiles, obtained from control and rust-inoculated plants, let to the isolation of 34 differentially d ... | 2002 | 12582923 |
| resistance genes in wild accessions of triticeae--inoculation test and sts marker analyses. | sequence tagged site (sts) markers have been developed recently to identify resistance genes in wheat. a number of wild relatives have been used to transfer resistance genes into wheat cultivars. accessions of wild species of triticeae: aegilops longissima (4), ae. speltoides (6), ae. tauschii (8), ae. umbellulata (3), ae. ventricosa (3), triticum spelta (2), t. timopheevi (3), t. boeoticum (4) and t. monococcum (1), 34 in total, were examined using pcr-sts markers for resistance genes against p ... | 2002 | 12441628 |
| aberrant mrna processing of the maize rp1-d rust resistance gene in wheat and barley. | the maize rp1-d gene confers race-specific resistance against puccinia sorghi (common leaf rust) isolates containing a corresponding avrrp1-d avirulence gene. an rp1-d genomic clone and a similar rp1-d transgene regulated by the maize ubiquitin promoter were transformed independently into susceptible maize lines and shown to confer rp1-d resistance, demonstrating that this resistance can be transferred as a single gene. transfer of these functional transgenes into wheat and barley did not result ... | 2004 | 15305606 |
| search for partial resistance to leaf rust in a collection of ancient spanish wheats. | a collection of 917 accessions of spanish durum and bread wheat was screened for resistance to leaf rust (puccinia triticina) under field conditions at three locations. resistance levels ranged from very low to very high, high susceptibility being most frequent. relative disease severity (referred to the most susceptible accession = 100%) was lower than 20% in about 6% of the accessions in each location. in the collection most of the lines (84%) displayed a susceptible infection type. a final se ... | 2001 | 12152334 |
| a fertile amphiploid between durum wheat (triticum turgidum) and the x agroticum amphiploid (agropyron cristatum x t. tauschii). | agropyron (gaertn) is a genus of triticeae which includes the crested wheatgrass complex, i.e. a. cristatum (l.) as representative species containing the p genome. this species is an important source for increase the genetic variability of both durum and bread wheat. among the possible interesting features to be introgressed into wheat are resistance to wheat streak mosaic virus, rust diseases, and tolerance to drought, cold and moderate salinity. by crossing tetraploid wheat (triticum turgidum ... | 2001 | 12152332 |
| characterization of lr46, a gene conferring partial resistance to wheat leaf rust. | components of resistance conferred by the lr46 gene, reported as causing "slow rusting" resistance to leaf rust in wheat, were studied and compared with the effects of lr34 and genes for quantitative resistance in cv. akabozu. lr34 is a gene that confers non-hypersensitive type of resistance. the effect of lr46 resembles that of lr34 and other wheats reported with partial resistance. at macroscopic level, lr46 produced a longer latency period than observed on the susceptible recurrent parent lal ... | 2001 | 12152322 |
| synthesis, fungicidal activity, and 3d-qsar of pyridazinone-substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles and 1,3,4-thiadiazoles. | a series of novel 5-[1-aryl-1,4-dihydro-6-methylpyridazin-4-one-3-yl] -2-arylamino-1,3,4-oxadiazoles, fungicidally active, were synthesized based on bioisosterism and tested in vivo against wheat leaf rust, puccinia recondita. these compounds were shown to be fungicidally active, and their activity was influenced by the nature of the substituents. by using the three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationships (3d-qsar) method of comparative molecular field analysis (comfa), we have ... | 2002 | 12059155 |
| synthesis, fungicidal activity, and qsar of pyridazinonethiadiazoles. | a series of novel 5-[1-aryl-1,4-dihydro-6-methylpyridazin-4-one-3-yl]-2-arylamino-1,3,4-thiadiazoles, related to the fungicidal activity, were synthesized and tested in vivo against wheat leaf rust, puccinia recondita. the preliminary bioassay indicated that they exhibited fungicidal activity and the activity was influenced by the nature of the substituents. a quantitative structure-activity relationship study showed that the hydrophobicity (sigma(pi)) is a major positive parameter in affecting ... | 2002 | 11879019 |
| epidemiology of wheat leaf and stem rust in the central great plains of the usa. | wheat (triticum aestivum l) is grown throughout the grasslands from southern mexico into the prairie provinces of canada, a distance of nearly 4200 km. the total area seeded to wheat varies considerably each year; however, from 28 to 32 million ha are planted in the great plains of the united states alone. generally in the central great plains, an area from central texas through central nebraska, 15 million ha are seeded to winter wheat each year. a wide range of environmental conditions exist t ... | 2000 | 11701852 |
| heterologous expression of genes mediating enhanced fungal resistance in transgenic wheat. | three cdnas encoding the antifungal protein ag-afp from the fungus aspergillus giganteus, a barley class ii chitinase and a barley type i rip, all regulated by the constitutive ubiquitin1 promoter from maize, were expressed in transgenic wheat. in 17 wheat lines, stable integration and inheritance of one of the three transgenes has been demonstrated over four generations. the formation of powdery mildew (erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici) or leaf rust (puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici) colonies ... | 2001 | 11437256 |
| comparative mapping of the two wheat leaf rust resistance loci lr1 and lr10 in rice and barley. | the wheat genome is large, hexaploid, and contains a high amount of repetitive sequences. in order to isolate agronomically important genes from wheat by map-based cloning, a simpler model of the genome must be used for identifying candidate genes. the objective of this study was to comparatively map the genomic regions of two wheat leaf rust disease resistance loci, lr1 and lr10, in the putative model genomes of rice and barley. two probes cosegregating with the lr1 gene on chromosome 5dl of wh ... | 1998 | 9729767 |
| molecular characterization of a new type of receptor-like kinase (wlrk) gene family in wheat. | in plants, several types of receptor-like kinases (rlk) have been isolated and characterized based on the sequence of their extracellular domains. some of these rlks have been demonstrated to be involved in plant development or in the reaction to environmental signals. here, we describe a rlk gene family in wheat (wlrk, wheat leaf rust kinase) with a new type of extracellular domain. a member of this new gene family has previously been shown to cosegregate with the leaf rust resistance gene lr10 ... | 1998 | 9700067 |
| subcellular localization of beta-1,3-glucanase in puccinia recondita f.sp. tritici-infected wheat leaves. | an antiserum raised against the purified 33-kda beta-1,3-glucanase of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) was employed to investigate the ultrastructural localization of the enzyme in wheat leaves infected with puccinia recondita rob. ex desm. f.sp. tritici eriks. and henn. using a post-embedding immunogold labelling technique. in both compatible and incompatible interactions, beta-1,3-glucanase was detected in the host plasmalemma and in the domain of the host cell wall near the plasmalemma of the mes ... | 1998 | 9530876 |
| molecular markers linked to the leaf rust resistance gene lr24 in different wheat cultivars. | the aim of this study was to find molecular markers (rapd and scar) for the wheat leaf rust resistance gene lr24. a backcross line, rl 6064, possessing a single resistance gene to leaf rust (lr24) and its recurrent parent 'thatcher' were used to find rapd markers linked to the lr24 gene. among 125 rapd primers tested, only one (op-h5) detected an additional band in the resistant line rl 6064. the genetic linkage of this molecular marker to lr24 was tested on a segregating f2 population derived f ... | 1996 | 8890515 |
| molecular mapping of wheat: major genes and rearrangements in homoeologous groups 4, 5, and 7. | a molecular-marker linkage map of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l. em. thell) provides a framework for integration with teh classical genetic map and a record of the chromosomal rearrangements involved in the evolution of this crop species. we have constructed restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) maps of the a-, b-, and d-genome chromosomes of homoeologous groups 4, 5, and 7 of wheat using 114 f7 lines from a synthetic x cultivated wheat cross and clones from 10 dna libraries. ch ... | 1995 | 8647405 |
| [ultrastructure of the haustoria and intercellular hyphae of puccinia triticina erikss mycelia]. | | 1979 | 481267 |
| map-based isolation of the leaf rust disease resistance gene lr10 from the hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genome. | more than 50 leaf rust resistance (lr) genes against the fungal pathogen puccinia triticina have been identified in the wheat gene pool, and a large number of them have been extensively used in breeding. of the 50 lr genes, all are known only from their phenotype and/or map position except for lr21, which was cloned recently. for many years, the problems of molecular work in the large (1.6 x 10(10) bp), highly repetitive (80%), and hexaploid bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genome have hampere ... | 2003 | 14645721 |
| molecular characterization of a wheat--thinopyrum ponticum partial amphiploid and its derivatives for resistance to leaf rust. | leaf rust (caused by puccinia triticina eriks.) occurs annually in most wheat-growing areas of the world. thinopyrum ponticum (podp.) z.-w. liu & r.-c. wang has provided several leaf rust resistance genes to protect wheat from this fungal disease. three chromosome substitution lines, ji806, ji807, and ji859, and two chromosome addition lines, ji791 and ji924, with a winter growing habit were developed from crosses between wheat (triticum aestivum l. em thell.) and the wheat - th. ponticum partia ... | 2003 | 14608407 |
| lr41, lr39, and a leaf rust resistance gene from aegilops cylindrica may be allelic and are located on wheat chromosome 2ds. | the leaf rust resistance gene lr41 in wheat germplasm ks90wgrc10 and a resistance gene in wheat breeding line wx93d246-r-1 were transferred to triticum aestivum from aegilops tauschii and ae. cylindrica, respectively. the leaf rust resistance gene in wx93d246-r-1 was located on wheat chromosome 2d by monosomic analysis. molecular marker analysis of f(2) plants from non-critical crosses determined that this gene is 11.2 cm distal to marker xgwm210 on the short arm of 2d. no susceptible plants wer ... | 2004 | 14534751 |
| dissection of quantitative and durable leaf rust resistance in swiss winter wheat reveals a major resistance qtl in the lr34 chromosomal region. | the swiss winter bread wheat cv. 'forno' has a highly effective, durable and quantitative leaf rust ( puccinia triticina eriks.) resistance which is associated with leaf tip necrosis (ltn). we studied 240 single seed descent lines of an 'arinaxforno' f(5:7 )population to identify and map quantitative trait loci (qtls) for leaf rust resistance and ltn. percentage of infected leaf area (%) and the response to infection (ri) were evaluated in seven field trials and were transformed to the area unde ... | 2004 | 14523520 |
| [histological observation on programmed cell death in wheat--leaf rust fungus intreactioin]. | the ultrastructural features of mesophyll cell surrounding the fungus in different interaction between wheat and puccinia recondita f. sp tritici were observed with transmission electron microscopy. in incompatible combination(cv. lorvin 10 x race 162), the nuclei gradually became irregular with highly condensed chromatin towards the nuclear envelope, while the chloroplast became swelling since 12 h to 24 h after inoculation(a.i.). at 48 h a.i., the condensation of the chromatin became more prom ... | 2003 | 14724947 |
| genetics of resistance to wheat leaf rust. | leaf rust (caused by puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici) is the most widespread and regularly occurring rust on wheat. genetic resistance is the most economical method of reducing yield losses due to leaf rust. to date, 46 leaf rust resistance genes have been designated and mapped in wheat. resistance gene expression is dependent on the genetics of host-parasite interaction, temperature conditions, plant developmental stage, and interaction between resistance genes with suppressors or other resis ... | 1996 | 15012551 |
| secondary effects of air pollution: ozone decreases brown rust disease potential in wheat. | young wheat plants were fumigated with 170 microg m(-3) ozone for 3 days, or with 210 microg m(-3) ozone for 7 days, for 7 hours a day. at the end of the fumigation period the plants were inoculated with brown rust (puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici) uredospores. the development of new uredospore pustules on fumigated and control plants was evaluated as a measure of rust disease potential. the number of pustules on the ozone fumigated plants was greatly reduced in comparison with the number of p ... | 1987 | 15092797 |
| interactive effects of elevated ozone and carbon dioxide on growth and yield of leaf rust-infected versus non-infected wheat. | spring wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. turbo) was grown from seedling emergence to maturity (129 days) in chambers simulating the physical climate and ozone pollution of a field site in northern germany from 1 april to 31 july with a mean 1-h daily maximum of 61.5-62.4 nl l(-1) ozone compared to a constant low level of 21.5-22.8 nl l(-1) ozone. the two ozone levels were combined with either a current (374.1-380.2 microl l(-1)) or enriched (610.6-615.0 microl l(-1)) co(2) atmosphere. additionally ... | 2000 | 15092930 |
| fungal diseases on winter wheat in transdanubian region. | dominancy proportions of some wheat-pathogenic fungi were investigated by the authors in hungary, near to the lake balaton, in the years 2001-2002. in small plot trials, each 10 species of fungi from two breeding institutes were surveyed. in the year 2001, the dominant pathogen was puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici. during the breeding season the infectedness increased gradually and reached up to 28.50% by middle of may. the infectedness of some species came near to 50-90% by this time. in the y ... | 2003 | 15151302 |
| dehydro-alpha-lapachone isolated from catalpa ovata stems: activity against plant pathogenic fungi. | the methanol extract of stems of catalpa ovata g don exhibits potent in vivo antifungal activity against magnaporthe grisea (hebert) barr (rice blast) on rice plants, botrytis cinerea pers ex fr (tomato grey mould) and phytophthora infestans (mont) de bary (tomato late blight) on tomato plants, puccinia recondita rob ex desm (wheat leaf rust) on wheat plants and blumeria graminis (dc) speer f. sp. hordei marchal (barley powdery mildew) on barley plants. an antifungal substance was isolated and i ... | 2006 | 16550502 |
| accumulation of genes for susceptibility to rust fungi for which barley is nearly a nonhost results in two barley lines with extreme multiple susceptibility. | nonhost resistance is the most common type of resistance in plants. understanding the factors that make plants susceptible or resistant may help to achieve durably effective resistance in crop plants. screening of 109 barley (hordeum vulgare l.) accessions in the seedling stage indicated that barley is a complete nonhost to most of the heterologous rust fungi studied, while it showed an intermediate status with respect to puccinia triticina, p. hordei-murini, p. hordei-secalini, p. graminis f. s ... | 2004 | 15243739 |
| characterization of genetic loci conferring adult plant resistance to leaf rust and stripe rust in spring wheat. | leaf (brown) and stripe (yellow) rusts, caused by puccinia triticina and puccinia striiformis, respectively, are fungal diseases of wheat (triticum aestivum) that cause significant yield losses annually in many wheat-growing regions of the world. the objectives of our study were to characterize genetic loci associated with resistance to leaf and stripe rusts using molecular markers in a population derived from a cross between the rust-susceptible cultivar 'avocet s' and the resistant cultivar 'p ... | 2006 | 17036073 |
| identification and genetic characterization of an aegilops tauschii ortholog of the wheat leaf rust disease resistance gene lr1. | aegilops tauschii (goat grass) is the progenitor of the d genome in hexaploid bread wheat. we have screened more than 200 ae. tauschii accessions for resistance against leaf rust (puccinia triticina) isolates,which are avirulent on the leaf rust resistance gene lrl. approximately 3.5% of the ae. tauschii accessions displayed the same low infection type as the tester line thatcher lrl. the accession tr.t. 213, which showed resistance after artificial infection with lrl isolates both in mexico and ... | 2004 | 15258740 |
| cloning, sequence and expression analysis of a zinc finger protein gene in wheat. | reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) was performed on total rna of resistant-line tam104r and susceptible-line tam104s using 33 primers designed according to conservative domain of plant r-genes and the sequence of barley powdery mildew resistance genes mlo, mla1, mla6 and wheat leaf rust resistance gene lrk10. a polymorphic cdna fragment tazf was cloned and sequenced. the open reading frame (orf) of tazf is comprised of 822 base pairs which encodes a zinc finger-like dna or ... | 2004 | 15493138 |
| [histological observation on programmed cell death in wheat-leaf rust fungus intreaction]. | the biochemical character of pcd in different interaction between wheat and puccinia recondita f. sp tritici was observed using dna agarose gel electrophoresis and end labeling in situ (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dutp nick end tunel). the dna ladder, which is the typical character of programmed cell death(pcd), was observed in incompatible combination (cv.lorvin10 x race 162) and the positive reaction in wheat leaves of incompatible combination since 12h after inoculation als ... | 2004 | 15511077 |
| marker-assisted selection for leaf rust resistance genes lr19 and lr24 in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | leaf rust caused by puccinia recondita f.sp. tritici is a wheat disease of worldwide importance. wheat genotypes known to carry specific rust resistance genes and segregating lines that originated from various cross combinations and derived from distinct f2 lineage, so as to represent a diverse genetic background, were included in the present study for validation of molecular markers for lr19 and lr24. sts markers detected the presence of the leaf rust resistance gene lr19 in a thatcher nil (tc* ... | 2004 | 15586436 |
| identifying leaf rust resistance genes and mapping gene lr37 on the microsatellite map of wheat. | based on seedling resistance tests, five resistance genes (lr10, lr3, lr13, lr14a and lr37) against leaf rust (puccinia triticina) were identified in 16 cultivars of european winter wheat. sts and scar markers were used to verify the presence of the resistance genes lr37 and lr10 against leaf rust in cultivars, near-isogenic lines and segregating populations. the lr37 gene is present in a small translocation from triticum ventricosum ces. (aegilops ventricosa tausch) and is tightly linked with r ... | 2004 | 15647803 |
| mapping of qtls prolonging the latent period of puccinia triticina infection in wheat. | slow rusting is considered a crucial component of durable resistance to wheat leaf rust caused by puccinia triticina and is often expressed in the form of a prolonged latent period. selection for a longer latent period is considered an effective approach to developing wheat cultivars with improved durable resistance to leaf rust. a recombinant inbred line (ril) population derived from ci 13227 (long latent period) x suwon 92 (short latent period) was phenotyped for latent period in two greenhous ... | 2004 | 15672257 |
| competition, facilitation, and niche differentiation in two foliar pathogens. | we studied competition between the obligate biotroph puccinia triticina (designated here as puccinia) and the facultative saprophyte pyrenophora tritici-repentis (designated here as pyrenophora) in older and younger leaves in a set of three host genotypes selected to be resistant to puccinia only, pyrenophora only, or neither. age-related resistance is important for both of these pathogens. the facultative saprophyte pyrenophora was generally a stronger competitor than the biotrophic puccinia, e ... | 2005 | 15711822 |
| wheat leaf photosynthesis loss due to leaf rust, with respect to lesion development and leaf nitrogen status. | in wheat (triticum aestivum cv. soissons) plants grown under three different fertilisation treatments, we quantified the effect of leaf rust (puccinia triticina) on flag leaf photosynthesis during the whole sporulation period. bastiaans' model: y = (1 - x)beta was used to characterize the relationship between relative leaf photosynthesis (y) and disease severity (x). the evolution of the different types of symptoms induced by the pathogen (sporulating, chlorotic and necrosed tissues) was evaluat ... | 2005 | 15720636 |
| inheritance and qtl analysis of durable resistance to stripe and leaf rusts in an australian cultivar, triticum aestivum 'cook'. | an f4-derived f6 recombinant inbred line population (n = 148) of a cross between the durable stripe (yellow) rust (caused by puccinia striiformis) and leaf (brown) rust (caused by puccinia triticina) resistant cultivar, triticum aestivum 'cook', and susceptible genotype avocet-yra was phenotyped at several locations in canada and mexico under artificial epidemics of leaf or stripe rusts and genotyped using amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) and microsatellite markers. durable adult pl ... | 2005 | 15729401 |
| locating the broad-spectrum wheat leaf rust resistance gene lr52 (lrw) to chromosome 5b by a new cytogenetic method. | this study was conducted to genetically map a potentially new wheat leaf rust resistance gene (lrw) using a novel genetic method and to test its effectiveness against current races of leaf rust (puccinia triticina eriks.) in canada. undoubled haploids of a near-isogenic line of thatcher carrying the resistance gene (rl6107) were pollinated with a contrasting susceptible cultivar to generate an array of hybrids with random deficiencies arising from irregular meiosis of the haploid. genetic analys ... | 2005 | 15803289 |
| identification and molecular tagging of a gene from pi 289824 conferring resistance to leaf rust (puccinia triticina) in wheat. | host-plant resistance is the most economically viable and environmentally responsible method of control for puccinia triticina, the causal agent of leaf rust in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). the identification and utilization of new resistance sources is critical to the continued development of improved cultivars as shifts in pathogen races cause the effectiveness of widely deployed genes to be short lived. the objectives of this research were to identify and tag new leaf rust resistance genes. ... | 2005 | 15815925 |
| expression of transgenic stilbene synthases in wheat causes the accumulation of unknown stilbene derivatives with antifungal activity. | the expression of foreign phytoalexins in a new host is thought to increase fungal resistance, since host-specific pathogens have not experienced selection for detoxifying or metabolising the novel antifungal compounds. two resveratrol synthase genes vst1 and vst2 from grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) and the pinosylvin synthase gene pss from pine (pinus sylvestris l.) were stably transformed into bread wheat. the expression of the target genes is regulated by stress-inducible grapevine promoters. ... | 2005 | 16173460 |
| antifungal activity against plant pathogenic fungi of chaetoviridins isolated from chaetomium globosum. | the chaetomium globosum strain f0142, which was isolated from barnyard grass, showed potent disease control efficacy against rice blast (magnaporthe grisea) and wheat leaf rust (puccinia recondita). two antifungal substances were purified from broth from this organism and identified as chaetoviridins a and b. chaetoviridin a exhibited higher antifungal activity than chaetoviridin b against plant pathogenic fungi both in vitro and in vivo. treatment with chaetoviridin a at 62.5 microg/ml suppress ... | 2005 | 16209910 |
| transient expression and insertional mutagenesis of puccinia triticina using biolistics. | the fungal genus puccinia contains more than 4,000 species. puccinia triticina, causal agent of wheat leaf rust, is an economically significant, biotrophic basidiomycete. little is known about the molecular biology of this group, and tools for understanding gene function have not yet been established. a set of parameters was established for the transient transformation of urediniospores. the expression of three heterologous promoters (actin, elongation factor 1-alpha, and hss1, heat shock 70 pro ... | 2006 | 16284743 |
| glyphosate inhibits rust diseases in glyphosate-resistant wheat and soybean. | glyphosate is a broad-spectrum herbicide used for the control of weeds in glyphosate-resistant crops. glyphosate inhibits 5-enolpyruvyl shikimate 3-phosphate synthase, a key enzyme in the synthesis of aromatic amino acids in plants, fungi, and bacteria. studies with glyphosate-resistant wheat have shown that glyphosate provided both preventive and curative activities against puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici and puccinia triticina, which cause stripe and leaf rusts, respectively, in wheat. gro ... | 2005 | 16293685 |
| targeted mapping of ests linked to the adult plant resistance gene lr46 in wheat using synteny with rice. | the gene lr46 has provided slow-rusting resistance to leaf rust caused by puccinia triticina in wheat (triticum aestivum), which has remained durable for almost 30 years. using linked markers and wheat deletion stocks, we located lr46 in the deletion bin 1bl (0.84-0.89) comprising 5% of the 1bl arm. the distal part of chromosome 1bl of wheat is syntenic to chromosome 5l of rice. wheat expressed sequence tags (ests) mapping in the terminal 15% of chromosome 1bl with significant homology to sequen ... | 2006 | 16374594 |
| development and validation of molecular markers linked to an aegilops umbellulata-derived leaf-rust-resistance gene, lr9, for marker-assisted selection in bread wheat. | an aegilops umbellulata-derived leaf-rust-resistance gene, lr9, was tagged with 3 random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) markers, which mapped within 1.8 cm of gene lr9 located on chromosome 6bl of wheat. the markers were identified in an f2 population segregating for leaf-rust resistance, which was generated from a cross between 2 near-isogenic lines that differed in the alien gene lr9 in a widely adopted agronomic background of cultivar 'hd 2329'. disease phenotyping was done in controlled en ... | 2005 | 16391688 |
| cloning, characterization and expression analysis of the receptor-like kinase gene (rlk) in common wheat. | to investigate whether homologs of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) lrk10 gene was expressed in powdery mildew-resistant lines after inoculation with blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, one degenerate primer for 5'-race was designed according to the 6th kinase subdomain of lrk10 and other plant kinases. 5'-race was performed with the template cdna synthesized with rna extracted from seedling leaves of a powdery mildew-resistant wheat line "99-2439" after inoculation with b. graminis. one 1551 bp cdna ... | 2006 | 16477135 |
| analysis of the wheat and puccinia triticina (leaf rust) proteomes during a susceptible host-pathogen interaction. | wheat leaf rust is caused by the fungus puccinia triticina. the genetics of resistance follows the gene-for-gene hypothesis, and thus the presence or absence of a single host resistance gene renders a plant resistant or susceptible to a leaf rust race bearing the corresponding avirulence gene. to investigate some of the changes in the proteomes of both host and pathogen during disease development, a susceptible line of wheat infected with a virulent race of leaf rust were compared to mock-inocul ... | 2006 | 16479535 |
| genetic studies of leaf and stem rust resistance in six accessions of triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides. | six accessions of triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides l. (4x, aabb) of diverse origin were tested with 10 races of leaf rust (puccinia recondita f.sp. tritici rob. ex desm.) and 10 races of stem rust (p. graminis f.sp. tritici eriks. &henn.). their infection type patterns were all different from those of lines carrying the lr or sr genes on the a or b genome chromosomes with the same races. the unique reaction patterns are probably controlled by genes for leaf rust or stem rust resistance that ha ... | 1994 | 18470084 |
| transfer of leaf rust and stem rust resistance genes from triticum triaristatum to durum and bread wheats and their molecular cytogenetic localization. | six accessions of triticum triaristatum (willd) godr. &gren. (syn. aegilops triaristata) (6x, uummunun), having good resistance to both leaf rust (puccinia recondita f.sp. tritici rob. ex desm) races and stem rust (p. graminis f.sp. tritici eriks. &henn.) races, were successfully crossed with both susceptible durum wheats (t. turgidum var. durum l., 2n = 28, aabb) and bread wheats (t. aestivum, 2n = 42, aabbdd). in some crosses, embryo rescue was necessary. the t. triaristatum resistance was exp ... | 1994 | 18470085 |
| cytochrome b gene structure and consequences for resistance to qo inhibitor fungicides in plant pathogens. | the cytochrome b (cyt b) gene structure was characterized for different agronomically important plant pathogens, such as puccinia recondita f sp tritici (erikss) co johnston, p graminis f sp tritici erikss and hennings, p striiformis f sp tritici erikss, p coronata f sp avenae p syd & syd, p hordei gh otth, p recondita f sp secalis roberge, p sorghi schwein, p horiana henn, uromyces appendiculatus (pers) unger, phakopsora pachyrhizi syd & p syd, hemileia vastatrix berk & broome, alternaria solan ... | 2006 | 16688790 |
| rust resistance in triticum cylindricum ces. (4x, ccdd) and its transfer into durum and hexaploid wheats. | in order to counteract the effects of the mutant genes in races of leaf rust (puccinia recondita f.sp. tritici rob. ex desm.) and stem rust (p. graminis f.sp. tritici eriks. &henn.) in wheat, exploration of new resistance genes in wheat relatives is necessary. three accessions of triticum cylindricum ces. (4x, ccdd), acy1, acy9, and acy11, were tested with 10 races each of leaf rust and stem rust. they were resistant to all races tested. viable f1 plants were produced from the crosses of the t. ... | 1995 | 18470147 |
| leaf rust (puccinia triticina) resistance in wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivars grown in northern europe 1992-2002. | diversity of resistance to leaf rust caused by puccinia triticina can be enhanced in wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivars through a better knowledge of resistance genes that are present in important cultivars and germplasm. multi-pathotype tests on 84 wheat cultivars grown in denmark, finland, norway and sweden during 1992-2002 and 39 differential testers enabled the postulation of nine known genes for seedling resistance to leaf rust. genes lr1, lr2a, lr3, lr10, lr13, lr14a, lr17, lr23 and lr26 ... | 2006 | 17362328 |
| expression of puroindoline a enhances leaf rust resistance in transgenic tetraploid wheat. | the purouindoline gene (pin) coding for puroindoline proteins (pins) is located on chromosome 5d, controls grain hardness, and the pins have in vitro antimicrobial activity against gram-positive (g+) bacteria, gram-negative (g-) bacteria and fungi. wheat leaf rust caused by puccinia triticina is one of the most important fungal diseases for common wheat with aabbdd genomes. tetraploid wheat (aabb genome) varieties luna and venusia were transformed with the purouindoline a (pina) gene by bombardm ... | 2008 | 17380426 |
| clonality and host selection in the wheat pathogenic fungus puccinia triticina. | clonal reproduction in puccinia triticina, the cause of wheat leaf rust, has long been hypothesized but has never been demonstrated. using a population genetics approach and microsatellite markers, we analysed genetic diversity of this fungus at each level of genome organisation. sampling included isolates from two field populations growing on two cultivars carrying specific resistance genes, completed with isolates representing the main pathotypes identified from a national survey. for the two ... | 2007 | 17412619 |
| complementation of ustilago maydis mapk mutants by a wheat leaf rust, puccinia triticina homolog: potential for functional analyses of rust genes. | from a large expressed sequence tag (est) database representing several developmental stages of puccinia triticina, we discovered a mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) with homology to kinases with known pathogenic functions in other fungi. this ptmapk1 is similar to the ustilago maydis mapk, ubc3/kpp2, but has a longer n-terminal extension of 43 amino acids (aa) with identities to u. maydis kpp6, a homolog of ubc3/kpp2 with a 170-aa n-terminal extension. ubc3/kpp2 is involved in mating and ... | 2007 | 17555272 |
| a major qtl for durable leaf rust resistance widely exploited in durum wheat breeding programs maps on the distal region of chromosome arm 7bl. | a recombinant inbred line (ril) population and a set of advanced lines from multiple crosses were used to investigate the leaf rust (puccinia triticina eriks.) resistance carried by the durum wheat cultivar creso and its derivatives (colosseo and plinio). one hundred seventy-six rils from the cross colosseo x lloyd were tested under artificial rust inoculation in the field. the response at the seedling stage was also investigated. a major qtl (qlr.ubo-7b.2) for leaf rust resistance controlling b ... | 2008 | 18712342 |
| leaf rust resistance gene lr1, isolated from bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is a member of the large psr567 gene family. | in hexaploid wheat, leaf rust resistance gene lr1 is located at the distal end of the long arm of chromosome 5d. to clone this gene, an f(1)-derived doubled haploid population and a recombinant inbred line population from a cross between the susceptible cultivar ac karma and the resistant line 87e03-s2b1 were phenotyped for resistance to puccinia triticina race 1-1 bbb that carries the avirulence gene avr1. a high-resolution genetic map of the lr1 locus was constructed using microsatellite, resi ... | 2007 | 17611798 |
| isolation and antifungal activity of lignans from myristica fragrans against various plant pathogenic fungi. | in a search for plant extracts with potent in vivo antifungal activity against various plant diseases, we found that treatment with a methanol extract of myristica fragrans houttyn (nutmeg) seeds reduced the development of various plant diseases. the objectives of the present study were to isolate and determine antifungal substances from my. fragrans and to evaluate their antifungal activities. | 2007 | 17659535 |
| modelling wheat growth and yield losses from late epidemics of foliar diseases using loss of green leaf area per layer and pre-anthesis reserves. | background and aims: crop protection strategies, based on preventing quantitative crop losses rather than pest outbreaks, are being developed as a promising way to reduce fungicide use. the bastiaans' model was applied to winter wheat crops (triticum aestivum) affected by leaf rust (puccinia triticina) and septoria tritici blotch (stb; mycosphaerella graminicola) under a range of crop management conditions. this study examined (a) whether green leaf area per layer accurately accounts for growth ... | 2007 | 17686762 |
| heterothallism in puccinia triticina. | | 1931 | 17783849 |
| wheat leaf rust: control by 4-n-butyl-1,2,4-triazole, a systemic fungicide. | compound 4-n-butyl-1,2,4-triazole was demonstrated as an enduring and selective systemic fungicide for the control of wheat leaf rust by foliar and soil applications. among several species of rust fungi treated, only wheat leaf rust (puccinia recondita rob.) was controlled. wheat stem rust, for example, was unaffected by either soil or foliar applications. | 1970 | 17838176 |
| bikaverin and fusaric acid from fusarium oxysporum show antioomycete activity against phytophthora infestans. | to isolate and identify antioomycete substances from fusarium oxysporum ef119 against phytophthora infestans and to investigate their antimicrobial activities against various plant pathogenic bacteria, oomycetes and true fungi. | 2008 | 17927749 |
| alterations in some oxidative parameters in susceptible and resistant wheat plants infected with puccinia recondita f.sp. tritici. | we studied the systemic effects after infection of susceptible and resistant (expressing hsr) wheat plants with leaf rust (puccinia recondita f.sp. tritici) on the amount of hydrogen peroxide and activity of some ros scavenging enzymes. measurements were performed 7 and 21 days after inoculation. in susceptible cultivar (sadovo 1), an inhibition of activity of catatase and gst was found. by contrast, in resistant cultivar (kristal), the infection caused an activation of these enzymes. moreover, ... | 2005 | 15832679 |
| tracking wheat rust on a continental scale. | the rusts of wheat are important fungal plant pathogens that can be disseminated thousands of kilometers across continents and oceans by wind. rusts are obligate parasites that interact with resistance genes in wheat in a gene-for-gene manner. new races of rust develop by mutation and selection for virulence against rust resistance genes in wheat. in recent years, new races of wheat leaf rust, wheat stripe rust, and wheat stem rust have been introduced into wheat production areas in different co ... | 2005 | 15922652 |
| powdery mildew resistance and lr34/yr18 genes for durable resistance to leaf and stripe rust cosegregate at a locus on the short arm of chromosome 7d of wheat. | the incorporation of effective and durable disease resistance is an important breeding objective for wheat improvement. the leaf rust resistance gene lr34 and stripe rust resistance gene yr18 are effective at the adult plant stage and have provided moderate levels of durable resistance to leaf rust caused by puccinia triticina eriks. and to stripe rust caused by puccinia striiformis westend. f. sp. tritici. these genes have not been separated by recombination and map to chromosome 7ds in wheat. ... | 2005 | 15965649 |
| molecular mapping of stem and leaf rust resistance in wheat. | stem rust caused by puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici eriks and henn and leaf rust caused by puccinia triticina rob. ex desm. are major constraints to wheat production worldwide. in the present study, f(4)-derived ssd population, developed from a cross between australian cultivars 'schomburgk' and 'yarralinka', was used to identify molecular markers linked to rust resistance genes lr 3 a and sr 22. a total of 1,330 rapd and 100 issr primers and 33 ssr primer pairs selected ob the basis of chromos ... | 2005 | 16025305 |
| the control of asian rust by glyphosate in glyphosate-resistant soybeans. | glyphosate is a widely used broad-spectrum herbicide. recent studies in glyphosate-resistant (gr) crops have shown that, in addition to its herbicidal activity, glyphosate exhibits activity against fungi, thereby providing disease control benefits. in gr wheat, glyphosate has shown both preventive and curative activities against puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (erikss) co johnston and puccinia triticina erikss, which cause stripe and leaf rusts respectively. | 2008 | 18080285 |
| antifungal activities of bacillus thuringiensis isolates on barley and cucumber powdery mildews. | fourteen bacillus thuringiensis isolates having both insecticidal activity and in vitro antifungal activity were selected and tested for in vivo antifungal activity against tomato late blight, wheat leaf rust, tomato gray mold, and barley powdery mildew in growth chambers. all the isolates represented more than 70% disease control efficacy against at least one of four plant diseases. specifically, 12 isolates exhibited strong control activity against barley powdery mildew. under glasshouse condi ... | 2007 | 18167458 |
| leaf rust on aegilops speltoides caused by a new forma specialis of puccinia triticina. | abstract a leaf rust attacking aegilops speltoides in its natural habitat is reported for the first time. it was found in two locations in northern and central israel. the two collections from a. speltoides resemble wheat leaf rust, puccinia triticina, in most spore dimensions, in the morphology of the substomatal vesicle of the urediniospore, and in dna content in pycniospore nuclei. similarly to p. triticina isolates from wheat, isolates taken from a. speltoides are compatible with thalictrum ... | 2004 | 18943825 |
| autoinfection in wheat leaf rust epidemics. | autoinfection (within-host inoculum transmission) allows plant pathogens locally to increase their density on an infected host. estimating autoinfection is of particular importance in understanding epidemic development in host mixtures. more generally, autoinfection influences the rate of host colonization by the pathogen, as well as pathogen evolution. despite its importance in epidemiological models, autoinfection has not yet been directly quantified. it was measured here on wheat (triticum ae ... | 2008 | 18179605 |
| characterization of a leaf rust-resistant wheat-thinopyrum ponticum partial amphiploid be-1, using sequential multicolor gish and fish. | in situ hybridization (multicolor gish and fish) was used to characterize the genomic composition of the wheat-thinopyrum ponticum partial amphiploid be-1. the amphiploid is a high-protein line having resistance to leaf rust (puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici) and powdery mildew (blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) and has in total 56 chromosomes per cell. multicolor gish using j, a and d genomic probes showed 16 chromosomes originating from thinopyrum ponticum and 14 a genome, 14 b genome and 12 ... | 2008 | 18224300 |
| temporal gene expression profiling of the wheat leaf rust pathosystem using cdna microarray reveals differences in compatible and incompatible defence pathways. | in this study, we detail the construction of a custom cdna spotted microarray containing 7728 wheat ests and the use of the array to identify host genes that are differentially expressed upon challenges with leaf rust fungal pathogens. wheat cultivar rl6003 (thatcher lr1) was inoculated with puccinia triticina virulence phenotypes bbb (incompatible) or tjb (7-2) (compatible) and sampled at four different time points (3, 6, 12, and 24 hours) after inoculation. transcript expression levels relativ ... | 2007 | 18288238 |
| the adult plant rust resistance loci lr34/yr18 and lr46/yr29 are important determinants of partial resistance to powdery mildew in bread wheat line saar. | powdery mildew, caused by blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici is a major disease of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) that can be controlled by resistance breeding. the cimmyt bread wheat line saar is known for its good level of partial and race non-specific resistance, and the aim of this study was to map qtls for resistance to powdery mildew in a population of 113 recombinant inbred lines from a cross between saar and the susceptible line avocet. the population was tested over 2 years in field trials ... | 2008 | 18347772 |
| inheritance of leaf rust resistance in wheat lines carrying aegilops speltoides tausch. translocation in chinese spring background. | the genetic basis of seedling and adult-plant leaf rust resistance was analysed in wheat lines cs 2a/2m 4/2 and cs 2d/2m 3/8, which are reference lines for the leaf rust resistance gene lr28. some seedlings of cs 2a/2m 4/2 were susceptible to indian puccinia triticina (pt) pathotypes 77-1, 77-2 and 77-5. these susceptible seedlings exhibited resistance at the adult-plant growth stage. in contrast, cs 2d/2m 3/8 showed resistance to all pt pathotypes both at the seedling and adult-plant growth sta ... | 2008 | 18436988 |
| resistance to wheat leaf rust and stem rust in triticum tauschii and inheritance in hexaploid wheat of resistance transferred from t. tauschii. | twelve accessions of triticum tauschii (coss.) schmal. were genetically analyzed for resistance to leaf rust (puccinia recondita rob. ex desm.) and stem rust (puccinia graminis pers. f.sp. tritici eriks. and e. henn.) of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). four genes conferring seedling resistance to leaf rust, one gene conferring seedling resistance to stem rust, and one gene conferring adult-plant resistance to stem rust were identified. these genes were genetically distinct from genes previo ... | 1994 | 18470124 |
| [cellular features of immune reaction of common wheat with lr19 gene to brown rust fungus infection]. | the effect of resistant gene lr19 on the development of brown rust fungus puccinia triticina in the immune line of thatcher variety was similar to that of nonhost species. the development of the fungus was inhibited in the plant tissue at the early stages. the fungus cells demonstrated structural disorganization of the nuclei and mitochondria before host cell invasion. the plant cell membranes and chloroplasts were changed; large chromatin aggregates appeared in their nuclei. hypersensitive reac ... | 2008 | 18540192 |
| molecular mapping of leaf rust resistance gene lrzh84 in chinese wheat line zhou 8425b. | leaf rust, caused by puccinia triticina, is one of the most widespread diseases in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) worldwide. with the objective of identifying and mapping new genes for resistance to leaf rust, f(1), f(2) plants and f(3) lines from a cross between resistant line zhou 8425b and susceptible line chinese spring were inoculated with chinese p. triticina races thtt and mbhp in the greenhouse. a total of 793 pairs of ssr primers were used to test the parents and resistant and susc ... | 2008 | 18651124 |
| late foliar diseases in wheat crops decrease nitrogen yield through n uptake rather than through variations in n remobilization. | french wheat grains may be of little value on world markets because they have low and highly variable grain protein concentrations (gpc). this nitrogen-yield to yield ratio depends on crop nitrogen (n) fertilization as well as on crop capacity to use n, which is known to vary with climate and disease severity. here an examination is made of the respective roles that n remobilization and post-anthesis n uptake play in n yield variations; in particular, when wheat crops (triticum aestivum) are aff ... | 2008 | 18660494 |
| [influence of the surface features and physiological reactions of non-host species on the development of cellular structures of rust fungi]. | parasitic rust fungi puccinia triticina and p. coronata specialized to cereals are not able to form functionally completed cellular structures (germ tubes and appressoria) on the surface of plant species that do not belong to poaceae. fungus structures are induced by the surface features of grains leaves (millet, maize, oat, common wheat) to a different extent. nuclear division and activity of parasites are partially suppressed on the non-host leaves. fungi intrusions into sub-stomal cavities of ... | 2008 | 18683590 |
| effect of the penicillium chrysogenum antifungal protein (paf) on barley powdery mildew and wheat leaf rust pathogens. | the small molecular mass antifungal protein of penicillium chrysogenum (paf) inhibited the growths of two obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens, blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei and puccinia recondita f.sp. tritici and, hence, mitigated the symptoms of barley powdery mildew and wheat leaf rust infections, respectively. paf also affected adversely the germination of b. graminis conidia and p. recondita uredospores causing degenerative branching of germ tubes. since powdery mildews and rusts cause s ... | 2008 | 18798177 |
| genetics of leaf rust resistance in spring wheat cultivars alsen and norm. | abstract alsen is a recently released spring wheat cultivar that has been widely grown in the united states because it has resistance to fusarium head blight and leaf rust caused by puccinia triticina. norm is a high yielding wheat cultivar that has been very resistant to leaf rust since it was released. alsen and norm were genetically examined to determine the number and identity of the leaf rust resistance genes present in both wheats. the two cultivars were crossed with leaf rust susceptible ... | 2005 | 18943009 |
| cultivar mixtures for the simultaneous management of multiple diseases: tan spot and leaf rust of wheat. | abstract because of differences in life histories between puccinia triticina, a highly specialized, polycyclic, windborne pathogen with a shallow dispersal gradient, and pyrenophora tritici-repentis, a residue-borne pathogen with a steep dispersal gradient, wheat mixtures are expected to be more effective at controlling leaf rust than tan spot. the objectives of this research were to determine the effect of two-cultivar mixtures with varying proportions and different pathogen resistance profiles ... | 2004 | 18943072 |
| performance and mapping of leaf rust resistance transferred to wheat from triticum timopheevii subsp. armeniacum. | abstract host plant resistance is an economical and environmentally sound method of control of leaf rust caused by the fungus puccinia triticina, which is one of the most serious diseases of wheat (triticum aestivum) worldwide. wild relatives of wheat, including the tetraploid t. timopheevii subsp. armeniacum, represent an important source of genes for resistance to leaf rust. the objectives of this study were to (i) evaluate the performance of leaf rust resistance genes previously transferred t ... | 2003 | 18943158 |
| microsatellite markers for genes lr34/yr18 and other quantitative trait loci for leaf rust and stripe rust resistance in bread wheat. | abstract leaf rust and stripe rust, caused by puccinia triticina and p. striiformis, respectively, are important diseases of wheat in many countries. in this study we sought to identify molecular markers for adult plant resistance genes that could aid in incorporating such durable resistance into wheat. we used a doubled haploid population from a japanese cv. fukuho-komugi x israeli wheat oligoculm cross that had segregated for resistance to leaf rust and stripe rust in field trials. joint and/o ... | 2003 | 18943170 |
| fine scale genetic and physical mapping using interstitial deletion mutants of lr34 /yr18: a disease resistance locus effective against multiple pathogens in wheat. | the lr34/yr18 locus has contributed to durable, non-race specific resistance against leaf rust (puccinia triticina) and stripe rust (p. striiformis f. sp. tritici) in wheat (triticum aestivum). lr34/yr18 also cosegregates with resistance to powdery mildew (pm38) and a leaf tip necrosis phenotype (ltn1). using a high resolution mapping family from a cross between near-isogenic lines in the "thatcher" background we demonstrated that lr34/yr18 also cosegregated with stem rust resistance in the fiel ... | 2008 | 18074114 |
| [ultrastructural basis of biotrophic relationships between brown rust fungus and common wheat]. | the ultrastructural research of relationships between common wheat and brown rust fungus puccinia triticina demonstrated that the biotrophy was based on the induction of plant cytoplasmic aggregate organization, nuclear migration to haustorium and stimulation of mesophyll cell metabolism. resistant reactions in the form of hypersensitivity and depositions on plant cell walls were suppressed up to fungal sporogenesis. cytoplasmic reorganization and nuclear taxis to haustorium were not registered ... | 2007 | 18074780 |
| tagging and validation of a major quantitative trait locus for leaf rust resistance and leaf tip necrosis in winter wheat cultivar forno. | abstract a major leaf rust (puccinia triticina) resistance quantitative trait locus (qtl) (qlrp.sfr-7ds) previously has been described on chromosome 7ds in the winter wheat (triticum aestivum) cv. forno. it was detected in a population of single-seed descent (ssd) lines derived from the cross arina x forno. qlrp.sfr-7ds conferred a durable and slow-rusting resistance phenotype, co-segregated with a qtl for leaf tip necrosis (ltn) and was mapped close to xgwm295 at a very similar location as the ... | 2004 | 18943790 |
| preinoculation effects of light quantity on infection efficiency of puccinia striiformis and p. triticina on wheat seedlings. | abstract in a previous study under controlled conditions, a model was developed to predict the infection efficiency for the wheat leaf and stripe rust fungi based on temperature and dew period during the 24 h after inoculation. the two pathogens differed in their maximum infection efficiency under controlled conditions for temperature and dew period, the infection efficiency was 12 times greater for puccinia triticina than for p. striiformis. in the present study, the model was validated by fiel ... | 2002 | 18943885 |
| wheat leaf rust uredospore production on adult plants: influence of leaf nitrogen content and septoria tritici blotch. | abstract leaf rust uredospore production and lesion size were measured on flag leaves of adult wheat plants in a glasshouse for different lesion densities. we estimated the spore weight produced per square centimeter of infected leaf, per lesion, and per unit of sporulating area. three levels of fertilization were applied to the plants to obtain different nitrogen content for the inoculated leaves. in a fourth treatment, we evaluated the effect of septoria tritici blotch on leaf rust uredospore ... | 2004 | 18943903 |
| relationship among genes conferring partial resistance to leaf rust (puccinia triticina) in wheat lines ci 13227 and l-574-1. | abstract this study describes the segregation of genes for resistance to the fungus puccinia triticina in a cross between partially resistant wheat lines l-574-1 and ci 13227 with two and four genes for resistance, respectively. the objectives of this study were to use parental, f(1), f(2), and backcross populations to quantify maternal effects, degree of dominance, and transgressive segregation, and to determine whether ci 13227 and l-574-1 share any resistance genes for long latent period or s ... | 2005 | 18943991 |
| antifungal activity of che-23c, a dimeric sesquiterpene from chloranthus henryi. | an antifungal compound was isolated from methanol extracts of stems and roots of chloranthus henryi hemsl. using ethyl acetate extraction and various chromatographic techniques. on the basis of spectroscopic analyses including mass and various nmr, the structure of the compound was identified as a dimeric sesquiterpene, che-23c. the compound showed potent antifungal activities (mics = 1-32 microg/ml) in vitro against various phytopathogenic fungi such as alternaria kikuchiana , botrytis cinerea ... | 2009 | 19566082 |