| symptomatic infections by toscana virus in the modena province in the triennium 1999-2001. | we report nine cases of clinical manifestations by toscana virus (tosv) diagnosed at the centre for the diagnosis of viral diseases of the university of modena and reggio emilia, in the inhabitants of modena province (emilia romagna region), in the triennium 1999-2001. tosv was involved in six cases of meningitis, two of meningoencephalitis and one case of febrile erythema without meningeal manifestations. six tosv-infected patients had stayed for a few days in a different area of the tuscany re ... | 2002 | 12437229 |
| acute meningitis due to toscana virus infection among patients from both the spanish mediterranean region and the region of madrid. | toscana virus (tosv) is a member of the genus phlebovirus that is transmitted to humans by two different species of sand fly and causes acute aseptic meningitis (aam) and meningoencephalitis in central italy. fifteen cases of aam due to tosv have been found at the spanish province of granada, but no data regarding the presence of tosv-related disease in other regions of spain have been still reported. a collection of 88 serum and 53 cerebrospinal fluid (csf) samples taken from 81 selected patien ... | 2003 | 12589837 |
| acute meningitis owing to phlebotomus fever toscana virus imported to france. | acute lymphocytic meningitis, seen in france in summer, is often due to enteroviruses. arboviruses as west nile and tick-borne encephalitis do exist in europe, but other viruses are rarely considered in patients unless they have had recent tropical travel. toscana virus infection, which is endemic, especially in italy,1-3 has been documented in some european travelers returning from italy,4-6 but surprisingly was not documented in france until recently.7 we report a case of meningitis caused by ... | 2005 | 16256057 |
| emergence of toscana virus in europe. | toscana virus (tosv) is an arthropod-borne virus first identified in 1971 from the sandfly phlebotomus perniciosus in central italy. many case reports in travelers and clinical research and epidemiologic studies conducted around the mediterranean region have shown that tosv has a tropism for the central nervous system (cns) and is a major cause of meningitis and encephalitis in countries in which it circulates. in central italy, tosv is the most frequent cause of meningitis from may to october, ... | 2005 | 16318715 |
| [infections due to toscana virus, west nile virus, and other arboviruses of interest in europe]. | arbovirosis, viral infection transmitted by arthropods, is a widespread health problem. recurrent outbreaks caused by some of these viruses such as dengue or west nile strains in regions where they do not appear frequently, justify the establishment of global control measures. tick-borne encephalitis viruses, sand fly fever viruses (toscana, naples and sicily) and occasionally west nile and crimean-congo fever viruses are the most frequent causes of arbovirosis in europe, although circulation of ... | 2005 | 16324569 |
| human antibody response to toscana virus glycoproteins expressed by recombinant baculovirus. | the arthropod-borne toscana virus has been associated with acute neurological disease in humans. in this study, the viral envelope glycoproteins were expressed in soluble form in a baculovirus system. the recombinant sgn and sgc proteins were used as viral antigens in a western blot assay to analyze the specific immune response in sera from patients with recognized virus-associated aseptic meningitis. the anti-glycoprotein and the anti-nucleoprotein n igg responses were compared by an immunoassa ... | 2002 | 12376972 |
| fast duplex one-step rt-pcr for rapid differential diagnosis of entero- or toscana virus meningitis. | acute meningitis is the most common neurologic disease that involves the central nervous system. the spectrum of infectious agents that cause neurologic infection is remarkably broad and numerous viruses are the most frequent cause of the aseptic meningitis syndrome. we applied a multiplex one-step method for the rapid detection of the genomic rna of different neurotropic viruses: particles in the genus enterovirus and toscana virus, which are the most representative aetiologic agents in our cou ... | 2002 | 12106953 |
| [vector-borne diseases. recent advances in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention]. | vector borne diseases are infections transmitted by arthropods. the vector can mechanically spread the infectious disease or give hospitality to microrganisms for their biological cycle. the etiologic agents of these infections are viruses as yellow fever and dengue, protozoans as plasmodium of malaria, leishmania spp., bacteria as borrelia burgdorferi, rickettsia spp. or worms as lymphatic filariasis. they are emerging infectious diseases for the epidemiological changes of our national territor ... | 2002 | 11851001 |
| detection of toscana virus central nervous system infections in sardinia island, italy. | | 2007 | 17662649 |
| prevalence of antibodies to west nile fever, sandfly fever sicilian, and sandfly fever naples viruses in healthy adults in israel. | the arbovirus infections west nile fever (wnf) and sandfly fever (sff) are both endemic in the middle east. despite the fact that the mosquito and sandfly vectors of these viruses are still found in israel, sff has not been reported since 1948, whereas outbreaks of wnf occur periodically. it is suspected that some of the cases of nonspecific febrile illnesses in israel may in fact be either wnf or sff. | 1999 | 10832485 |
| sandfly fever viruses in italy. | two serologically distinct agents, the sandfly fever sicilian and the sandfly fever naples viruses, were isolated by sabin from blood samples taken during an italian epidemic of febrile illness. since then, several different viruses have been isolated from sandflies and/or humans in both the old and new world. toscana virus, a new virus closely antigenically related to sandfly fever naples virus, was isolated in 1971 from the sandfly phlebotomus perniciosus in italy. extensive studies on the imp ... | 1996 | 8800804 |
| neutralizing antibodies for sandfly fever naples virus in human sera on the island of mljet. | sera from apparently healthy residents of various age from different localities of the adriatic island of mljet were tested by the plaque reduction neutralization test (prnt) for antibodies to sandfly fever naples virus (sfn). an average of 51.4% of the sera examined was found to have neutralizing antibodies. reactors to sfn virus were found in all the age groups examined and the antibody prevalence appeared to increase with age. the presence of sfn neutralizing antibodies in all age groups indi ... | 1990 | 2159683 |
| cocirculation of 2 genotypes of toscana virus, southeastern france. | toscana virus (tosv), an arthropodborne phlebovirus transmitted by sandflies, can cause febrile illness and meningitis. the vector of tosv in france was unknown. we detected tosv rna in 2 (female phlebotomus perniciosus) of 61 pools of sandflies captured in southeastern france. two genotypes of tosv were identified. | 2007 | 17552102 |
| genetic variability of the m genome segment of clinical and environmental toscana virus strains. | twenty-seven strains of toscana virus, collected over a period of 23 years and isolated from several localities and from different hosts (humans, arthropods and a bat), were investigated by sequencing of a portion of the m genomic segment comprising the g(n) glycoprotein coding region. sequence data indicated that the divergence among isolates ranged from 0 to 5.7 % at the nucleotide level and from 0 to 3.4 % at the amino acid level. phylogenetic analysis revealed four main clusters. a close cor ... | 2007 | 17374774 |
| [age-dependent seroprevalence of toscana virus in the community of madrid: 1993-1994 and 1999-2000]. | the aim of this study was to assess the seroprevalence of toscana virus (tosv) in the community of madrid. | 2007 | 17335698 |
| a shared transcription termination signal on negative and ambisense rna genome segments of rift valley fever, sandfly fever sicilian, and toscana viruses. | the phlebovirus genus (family bunyaviridae) is composed of a diverse group of arboviruses that cause disease syndromes ranging from mild febrile illness to hemorrhagic fever with high fatality. although antigenically similar, these viruses differ by approximately 25% at the genome level, and their ecologies, including geographic ranges, preferred vector species, and hosts, vary considerably. in contrast to other ambisense viruses, where rna hairpin structures which serve as transcription termina ... | 2007 | 17329326 |
| [sandfly fever naples virus (serotype toscana) infection with meningeal involvement after a vacation in italy]. | a 69-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with severe headache, recurrent episodes of fever and deterioration of general health. he returned from a vacation in tuscany (italy) a few days before admission. physical examination revealed slight nuchal rigidity and an elevated body temperature of 37.8 c but was otherwise unremarkable. | 2006 | 17160766 |
| toscana virus central nervous system infections in southern italy. | toscana virus was detected by reverse transcription-nested pcr in 5.6% of cerebrospinal fluid (csf) samples from patients with meningitis and encephalitis during the summer in southern italy. the central nervous system infections were associated with young adults and with a substantially benign clinical course. presenting features and csf findings are also discussed in the present report. | 2005 | 16333126 |
| toscana virus in spain. | toscana virus (tosv, phlebovirus, family bunyaviridae) infection is one of the most prevalent arboviruses in spain. within the objectives of a multidisciplinary network, a study on the epidemiology of tosv was conducted in granada, in southern spain. the overall seroprevalence rate was 24.9%, significantly increasing with age. tosv was detected in 3 of 103 sandfly pools by viral culture or reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction from a region of the l gene. nucleotide sequence homology w ... | 2005 | 16318721 |
| seroprevalence study of tick-borne encephalitis, borrelia burgdorferi, dengue and toscana virus in turin province. | tick borne encephalitis virus (tbev) is present in some european countries and it is transmitted by a tick bite. ixodes ricinus is the main vector of the infection in italy, where fortunately clinical neurological manifestations, typical of the more serious phase of the disease, are very rarely observed. this behaviour is different from other endemic euroasiatic areas where numerous cases of encephalitis are described. however tbe transmission has not been widely investigated in italy and availa ... | 2007 | 16312014 |
| toscana virus causing severe meningoencephalitis in an elderly traveller. | | 2005 | 16227565 |
| the n terminus of rift valley fever virus nucleoprotein is essential for dimerization. | rift valley fever virus (rvfv) is a phlebovirus in the bunyaviridae family. the nucleoprotein n is the most abundant component of the virion; numerous copies of n associate with the viral rna genome and form pseudohelicoidal ribonucleoproteins (rnps) circularized by a panhandle structure formed by the base-paired rna sequences at the 3' and 5' termini. these structures play a central role in transcription and replication. we investigated the intermolecular interactions of the rvfv n protein and ... | 2005 | 16140773 |
| toscana virus and acute meningitis, france. | | 2005 | 15898178 |
| development of a mouse model for the study of toscana virus pathogenesis. | toscana virus (tosv) has recently been recognized as an emerging virus transmitted by phlebotomus vectors, responsible for acute neurological diseases in mediterranean countries. in our study, we demonstrated that adult balb/c mice were susceptible to tosv when infected intracerebrally (i.c.) or subcutaneously (s.c.) with a neuroadapted strain of the virus. we have shown that by performing serial passages of a wild type human isolate of tosv in mouse brains, selection occurs for a highly virulen ... | 2005 | 15708593 |
| [meningitis by toscana virus in spain: description of 17 cases]. | we aimed to analyze the clinical and epidemiological data from the first series of patients with meningitis by toscana virus in spain. | 2004 | 15066251 |
| [meningitis caused by toscana virus during a summer stay in italy]. | a 44-year-old woman suffered fever, headache and meningism during a summer stay in a region of central italy where sand-fly fever is endemic. a few days after returning to the netherlands, she appeared mentally and physically slow but had no fever. because of the possibility of viral meningitis an examination of the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) was carried out. this revealed a cell count of 1074/3 cells. toscana virus antibodies of the igg and igm subclass were detected in two respective serum samp ... | 2004 | 15004957 |
| unusual presentation of life-threatening toscana virus meningoencephalitis. | this case report describes a brother and a sister with severe meningoencephalitis caused by toscana virus (tosv). the clinical presentation was characterized by stiff neck, deep coma, maculopapular rash, diffuse lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, renal involvement, tendency to bleeding, and diffuse intravascular coagulation. the boy had epididymo-orchitis. recovery with neurologic sequelae as hydrocephalus was observed. microbiological diagnosis was obtained by serological tests and reverse tr ... | 2004 | 14765344 |
| acute toscana virus infection mimicked by yersinia-induced reactive arthritis syndrome after journey to spain. | | 2010 | 19889574 |
| a mediterranean arbovirus: the toscana virus. | toscana virus (bunyaviridae family, phlebovirus genus) is a sandfly fever virus responsible for human neurological infections. sandfly viruses are transmitted by insect vectors (phlebotomus species) and the infection is present in climatic areas that allow the life cycle of the vector. the arthropode-borne toscana virus is the etiologic agent of meningitis, meningoencephalitis, and encephalitis. the frequency of this neuropathic infection increases in the summer months, peaking in august in the ... | 2003 | 14602570 |
| evidence of toscana virus circulation in umbria: first report. | to evaluate, for the first time, circulation and clinical expression of toscana virus (tosv) in umbria region we studied: (1) 93 cases of aseptic meningitis and meningoencephalitis admitted to our department from 1989 to 2001 with negative results for common neurotropic virus; (2) 50 healthy subjects. specific antibodies (igm and igg) anti-tosv were found in 36.6% of aseptic meningitis, in 6.06% of meningoencephalitis and (igg) in 16% of healthy subjects. | 2003 | 12889693 |
| detection and identification of toscana and other phleboviruses by rt-nested-pcr assays with degenerated primers. | phleboviruses are a large and widespread group of viruses that are transmitted by arthropods. toscana virus is one of the principal agents that causes meningitis in humans during the summer in italy and, possibly, in other mediterranean countries. rift valley fever virus can cause serious illness in both animals and humans, leading to high morbidity and mortality, and is considered to be a potential agent for epizootics and human epidemics. since information on this group of viruses is still sca ... | 2003 | 12858420 |
| toscana virus infection imported from elba into switzerland. | | 2010 | 20507770 |
| serological survey of toscana virus infections in a high-risk population in italy. | toscana virus is the most important agent responsible for meningitis in central italy. we report a serosurveillance study, using an immunoenzymatic assay, of 360 serum samples harvested from a high-risk population occupationally exposed to toscana virus in two regions of italy, tuscany and piedmont. the results indicates a seroprevalence of toscana virus of 77.2% in the forestry workers, particularly in the tuscany region. this fact is strictly correlated with the ecological niches specific for ... | 2003 | 12738655 |
| reverse transcription, real-time pcr assay for detection of toscana virus. | the arthropod-borne toscana virus is a common cause of acute neurological infection in the mediterranean basin. recently, a new lineage, highly divergent from the italian prototype, has been reported in spain. | 2007 | 17584525 |
| toscana virus infection in american traveler returning from sicily, 2009. | | 2010 | 20735948 |
| prevalence of toscana virus antibodies in volunteer blood donors and patients with central nervous system infections in southeastern france. | toscana virus (tosv) is a sandfly-borne phlebovirus causing meningitis and encephalitis during the summer period. a significant proportion of infection results in asymptomatic or pauci-symptomatic forms. although seroprevalence studies had been conducted in italy, spain, greece, and cyprus, no data were available from france at the outset of this study. we present here results of seroprevalence studies conducted in volunteer blood donors and in patients presenting with central nervous system (cn ... | 2007 | 17627448 |
| granada virus: a natural phlebovirus reassortant of the sandfly fever naples serocomplex with low seroprevalence in humans. | a new member of the phlebovirus genus, tentatively named granada virus, was detected in sandflies collected in spain. by showing the presence of specific neutralizing antibodies in human serum collected in granada, we show that granada virus infects humans. the analysis of the complete genome of granada virus revealed that this agent is likely to be a natural reassortant of the recently described massilia virus (donor of the long and short segments) with a yet unidentified phlebovirus (donor of ... | 2010 | 20889862 |
| [a case of meningitis due to toscana virus in murcia]. | | 2007 | 17876745 |
| toscana virus meningitis in portugal, 2002-2005. | toscana virus infection is endemic in italy, but has also been documented in other mediterranean countries. our aim was to investigate the occurrence of toscana virus (tosv) meningitis in children and young adults in a metropolitan area in the north of portugal. cerebrospinal fluid samples from 308 patients with the diagnosis of meningitis and with negative bacterial culture were tested for enteroviruses and herpesviruseses by reverse transcription pcr. those samples that proved negative for ent ... | 2007 | 17991401 |
| rapid detection of important human pathogenic phleboviruses. | rapid diagnostics are not available for several human pathogens in the genus phlebovirus of the bunyaviridae. | 2008 | 18006376 |
| [phleboviruses laboratory diagnosis (toscana virus)]. | viruses from the phlebovirus genus (family bunyaviridae) are arboviruses that can be transmitted to humans by mosquitoes (rift valey virus) or by sandflies. in phleboviruses group we can find the etiological agents for sandfly fever (sf) that is spread in the mediterranean basin, middle east, pakistan and india. in portugal, the importance of phleboviruses to the public health is recognized because there have been detected cases of toscana virus infection wich is responsible for severe cases of ... | 2007 | 18198078 |
| nucleotide variability of toscana virus m segment in strains isolated from clinical cases. | toscana virus (tosv), a member of the bunyaviridae family, is an important etiologic agent of neurologic infection transmissible to humans by bites of the phlebotomus spp. in consideration of the variations in the antigenic properties of bunyaviruses and their potential genetic variability, we analysed a large region (2500nt) of the toscana virus m segment coding for the non-structural protein (nsm) and the g(n) and g(c) glycoproteins in several strains isolated from patients with meningitis fro ... | 2008 | 18353481 |
| immunization with toscana virus n-gc proteins protects mice against virus challenge. | toscana virus (tosv) is an emerging virus, circulating in the mediterranean area, that is responsible for aseptic meningitis, meningoencephalitis, and encephalitis. the development of a vaccine that could provide complete protection from tosv infection is needed. in this study we investigated the capacity of tosv structural proteins, nucleocapsid protein n and the two gc and gn glycoproteins, produced as recombinant proteins, in an animal model. in particular, we investigated their role in induc ... | 2008 | 18355889 |
| [presence of the toscana virus in majorca. prevalence and epidemiological characteristics in a hospital population]. | | 2011 | 21349605 |
| chemotherapeutic drugs may be used to enhance the killing efficacy of human tumor antigen peptide-specific ctls. | the effects of anticancer chemotherapy on antigen-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctls) are mostly unknown. we tested the effects of cytotoxic drugs such as 5-fluorouracil, gemcitabine, and oxaliplatin on the functional activity of antigen-specific ctl cultures derived from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of human donors. we found that a biweekly drug-exposure of human hla-a(*)02.01+ ctls derived from bulk cultures led to completely different effects if occurring early (day second) or l ... | 2008 | 18481383 |
| [deafness as a sequela of toscana virus meningitis]. | | 2008 | 18482536 |
| occupational risk associated with toscana virus infection in tuscany, italy. | sandfly fever virus serotype toscana is endemic in mediterranean countries and is a widespread public health problem as it may be associated with acute neurological diseases such as aseptic meningitis. | 2008 | 18832346 |
| meningoencephalitis due to toscana virus in a french traveler returning from central italy. | toscana virus (tosv) is an arthropod-borne virus transmitted by sand flies of phlebotomus species that has been recognized as an agent associated with acute meningitis and encephalitis around the mediterranean. we report the first imported case of meningoencephalitis due to tosv in a traveler returning from central italy to france. | 2008 | 19006512 |
| massilia virus, a novel phlebovirus (bunyaviridae) isolated from sandflies in the mediterranean. | a new virus was isolated from three independent pools of phlebotomus perniciosus sandflies (diptera; psychodidae) trapped in two regions of southeastern france, located 90 miles apart. microscopic, antigenic and genetic analyses indicate that this novel virus belongs to the genus phlebovirus in the family bunyaviridae. the new virus is designated massilia virus since the first isolate was obtained from sandflies collected in the suburban area of marseille. the complete genome sequence was determ ... | 2009 | 19055373 |
| imported aseptic meningitis due to toscana virus acquired on the island of elba, italy, august 2008. | we describe a case of aseptic meningitis due to toscana virus imported to switzerland and discuss the epidemiological situation. to our knowledge this is the first description of this infection acquired on the island of elba. | 2009 | 19161712 |
| unusual manifestation of toscana virus infection, spain. | | 2009 | 19193294 |
| sandfly - pappataci fever in bosnia and herzegovina: the new-old disease. | sandfly fever viruses (sfv) are endemic in the mediterranean, middle east, northern african and western asian countries. toscana virus (tosv), serotype of sandfly fever naples virus, is among of the three most prevalent viruses associated with meningitis during the warm seasons in northern mediterranean countries. the historical data of the sandfly fever (pappataci fever) indicates its origin in bosnia and herzegovina at the end of 19th century. there is a long period of time for which there are ... | 2009 | 19284393 |
| genetic diversity of toscana virus. | distribution of toscana virus (tosv) is evolving with climate change, and pathogenicity may be higher in nonexposed populations outside areas of current prevalence (mediterranean basin). to characterize genetic diversity of tosv, we determined the coding sequences of isolates from spain and france. tosv is more diverse than other well-studied phleboviruses (e.g.,rift valley fever virus). | 2009 | 19331735 |
| [toscana virus, west nile virus and lymphochoriomeningitis virus as causing agents of aseptic meningitis in spain]. | cases of aseptic meningitis (am) are mostly due to enterovirus (ev), herpesvirus, and mumps virus (mv). an important number of cases remains without an etiologic diagnosis. | 2009 | 19375119 |
| bayesian skyline plot inference of the toscana virus epidemic: a decline in the effective number of infections over the last 30 years. | toscana virus (tosv), a sandfly fever virus, is one of the main causes of the aseptic meningitis that occurs during the summer in some mediterranean regions, and whose epidemiology is largely unknown. we used a bayesian markov chain monte carlo approach and a relaxed molecular clock to estimate the demographic history of the tosv infection in a series of isolates sampled between 1980 and 2003. the estimated mean evolutionary rate was 2.5 x 10(-4) substitutions per site per year (95% hpd: 0.31-5. ... | 2009 | 19460322 |
| age-dependent seroprevalence of toscana virus in central italy and correlation with the clinical profile. | in order to estimate the antibody prevalence rates for toscana virus (tosv) among children and adults, we evaluated the seroprevalence of tosv in a population (n = 2,737) living in tuscany during the period of 1999 to 2006. the seroprevalence rate was 19.8% in adults and 5.8% in children, showing an age-dependent increase in tosv-specific immunity. meningitis due to tosv infection was more frequent in adults than in children. | 2009 | 19553552 |
| arboviral infections in egyptian and sardinian children and adults with aseptic meningitis and meningo-encephalitis. | | 2009 | 19922078 |
| punique virus, a novel phlebovirus, related to sandfly fever naples virus, isolated from sandflies collected in tunisia. | sandflies are widely distributed around the mediterranean basin. therefore, human populations in this area are potentially exposed to sandfly-transmitted diseases, including those caused by phleboviruses. whilst there are substantial data in countries located in the northern part of the mediterranean basin, few data are available for north africa. in this study, a total of 1489 sandflies were collected in 2008 in tunisia from two sites, bioclimatically distinct, located 235 km apart, and identif ... | 2010 | 20089800 |
| arthropod-borne viruses transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies in europe: a review. | phlebotomine sandflies are known to transmit leishmaniases, bacteria and viruses that affect humans and animals in many countries worldwide. these sandfly-borne viruses are mainly the phlebovirus, the vesiculovirus and the orbivirus. some of these viruses are associated with outbreaks or human cases in the mediterranean europe. in this paper, the viruses transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies in europe (toscana virus, sicilian virus, sandfly fever naples virus) are reviewed and their medical impo ... | 2010 | 20403307 |
| comparative production analysis of three phlebovirus nucleoproteins under denaturing or non-denaturing conditions for crystallographic studies. | nucleoproteins (nps) encapsidate the phlebovirus genomic (-)rna. upon recombinant expression, nps tend to form heterogeneous oligomers impeding characterization of the encapsidation process through crystallographic studies. to overcome this problem, we set up a standard protocol in which production under both non-denaturing and denaturing/refolding conditions can be investigated and compared. the protocol was applied for three phlebovirus nps, allowing an optimized production strategy for each o ... | 2011 | 21245924 |
| development of a flow-trough microarray based reverse transcriptase multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification assay for the detection of european bunyaviruses. | it is suspected that apart from tick-borne encephalitis virus several additional european arboviruses such as the sandfly borne toscana virus, sandfly fever sicilian virus and sandfly fever naples virus, mosquito-borne tahyna virus, inkoo virus, batai virus and tick-borne uukuniemi virus cause aseptic meningo-encephalitis or febrile disease in europe. currently, the microarray technology is developing rapidly and there are many efforts to apply it to infectious diseases diagnostics. in order to ... | 2011 | 21390485 |
| performance of various commercial assays for the detection of toscana virus antibodies. | sandfly fever virus (sfv) serotypes sandfly fever naples virus, sandfly fever sicilian virus, and sandfly fever cyprus virus cause febrile diseases, whereas toscana virus (tosv) is responsible for aseptic meningoencephalitis. diagnosis and surveillance of tosv depend heavily on virus serology, and various commercial assays utilizing various antigen sources and formats have been available. the aim of this study was to perform comparative evaluation of commercially available serological assays for ... | 2011 | 21395410 |
| seroprevalence of toscana virus in blood donors, france, 2007. | to the editor: toscana virus (tosv) is an arthropod-borne rna virus (family bunyaviridae and genus phlebovirus) transmitted by sandflies in mediterranean countries. tosv causes acute meningitis and meningoencephalitis in patients. in france, cases of tosv infections involving resident populations and cases imported by tourists traveling in tosv-endemic countries have been reported (1,2); the virus has also been isolated from local wild-caught sandflies (1). the fact that tosv has been isolated f ... | 2011 | 21529423 |
| molecular and serological evidence for the presence of novel phleboviruses in sandflies from northern algeria. | during summer 2007, a total of 785 phlebotomine flies were trapped in northern algeria, identified morphologically, organised as monospecific pools and tested for the presence of phlebovirus rna using degenerate primers. three pools were positive, and the corresponding pcr products were cloned and sequenced. viral sequences corresponding to two phleboviruses distinct from each other were detected in sandflies circulating in two close locations (140 km apart) in northern algeria. the 3 sequences ... | 2010 | 20563287 |
| sandfly fever virus activity in central/northern anatolia, turkey: first report of toscana virus infections. | sandfly fever viruses (sfvs) cause febrile diseases as well as aseptic meningitis/encephalitis and include serotypes sandfly fever sicilian virus (sfsv), sandfly fever naples virus (sfnv) and toscana virus (tosv). infections are endemic in the mediterranean basin and data on sfv activity in turkey are limited. in this study, sera from 1533 blood donors from the ankara, konya, eskisehir and zonguldak provinces of turkey were evaluated for sfv exposure by indirect immunofluorescence test (iift) an ... | 2011 | 20731683 |
| toscana virus induces interferon although its nss protein reveals antagonistic activity. | toscana virus (tosv) is a phlebotomus-transmitted virus that belongs to the family bunyaviridae and causes widespread infections in humans; about 30 % of these cases result in aseptic meningitis. in the present study, it was shown that tosv is an inducer of beta interferon (ifn-β), although its non-structural protein (nss) could inhibit the induction of ifn-β if expressed in a heterologous context. a recombinant rift valley fever virus expressing the tosv nss could suppress ifn-β expression in i ... | 2011 | 20861320 |
| serosurvey study of toscana virus in domestic animals, granada, spain. | abstract toscana virus (tosv) is transmitted by infected sandflies. in mediterranean countries, tosv is one of the major viral pathogens involved in aseptic meningitis and meningoencephalitis in humans. it remains unclear if there are animal reservoirs able to maintain the virus through the cold months of the year, when the vector is not circulating. from may to october of 2006 and 2007, we conducted a serosurvey study on domestic animals from granada province (southern spain). tosv was investig ... | 2010 | 20925529 |
| prevalence of toscana virus antibodies in residents of two ionian islands, greece. | the prevalence of toscana virus (tosv) igg antibodies was determined among 128 residents of two greek islands in the ionian sea, corfu and cephalonia. in total, 47.7% of tested persons had tosv igg antibodies; 51.7% among residents of corfu and 39% among residents of cephalonia. the prevalence was higher among persons older than 60 years, who were living in the coastal areas, while no relation with occupation was observed. the high seroprevalence, combined with the high antibody titers observed, ... | 2010 | 20971440 |
| [unusual toscana virus encephalitis in southern france]. | | 2010 | 21050685 |
| histological description of the lymphadenopathy related to toscana virus infection. report of a case. | toscana virus (tosv) infection is a frequent cause of meningitis in central italy during summer. the disease generally has a benign course. rarely, the infection produces a severe disease, with encephalitis and signs of systemic involvement, including lymphadenopathy. since there is no clinical necessity of performing lymph node biopsy in such cases, the histopathological feature of tosv-related lymphadenitis is not known. we herein present a case in which lymphadenopathy preceded the onset of m ... | 2010 | 21115298 |
| personality changes after toscana virus (tosv) encephalitis in a 49-year-old man: a case report. | toscana virus (tosv) infection may often cause symptomatic meningitides and encephalitides. these usually subside in few days and their sequelae do not last for more than few weeks. we here report the case of a 49-year-old man who developed encephalitis after being bitten by phlebotomi in a region near southern tuscany, where tosv is endemic, and who developed postencephalitic seizures and subsequently, persistent personality alterations, characterized by sexually dissolute behavior and aggressi ... | 2010 | 21126108 |
| diagnostic tools for toscana virus infection. | toscana virus (tosv; phlebovirus, bunyaviridae) is an important etiological agent of acute meningitis and meningoencephalitis in mediterranean countries. laboratory diagnosis has been carried out in serological studies using elisa, immunofluorescence and/or neutralization tests that are not influenced by the virus viability; however, in the acute phase of the infection, nucleic acid amplification techniques are the methods of choice to diagnose viral meningitis from cerebrospinal fluid samples. ... | 2011 | 21810052 |
| prevalence of antibodies to phleboviruses and flaviviruses in peja, kosovo. | clin microbiol infect 2011; 17: 1180-1182 abstract: in order to investigate the current and past activity of phlebovirus and flavivirus in kosovo, a seroprevalence study among 200 blood donors was performed. positive results were obtained for the phleboviruses tosv and sfnv, and for a flavivirus of the japanese encephalitis group. no positive results for tbev were observed. | 2011 | 21781206 |
| Epidemiologic relationship between Toscana virus infection and Leishmania infantum due to common exposure to Phlebotomus perniciosus sandfly vector. | Sand flies are recognised vectors of parasites in the genus Leishmania and a number of arthropod-borne viruses, in particular viruses within the genus Phlebovirus, family Bunyaviridae. In southern France, Toscana phlebovirus (TOSV) is recognized as a prominent cause of summer meningitis. Since Leishmania and TOSV have a common vector (Phlebotomus perniciosus), an epidemiologic link has been assumed for a long time. However, there is no scientific evidence of such a link between human leishmanios ... | 2011 | 21949894 |
| [sandfly virus meningitis in a danish traveller returning from tuscany]. | we report the first case of sandfly virus meningitis in a danish traveller returning from tuscany. a 52 year-old man was admitted with headache, fever and photophobia. spinal fluid showed evidence of aseptic meningitis. indirect immuno-fluorescence assays showed presence of immunoglobulin (ig)m and igg antibodies reactive against toscana virus, and phlebovirus rna was detected in blood by real-time polymerase chain reaction. the patient recovered spontaneously. since sandfly virus is a very comm ... | 2011 | 21975188 |
| A Review of Zoonotic Disease Surveillance Supported by the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center. | The Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center (AFHSC), Division of Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System conducts disease surveillance through a global network of US Department of Defense research laboratories and partnerships with foreign ministries of agriculture, health and livestock development in over 90 countries worldwide. In 2010, AFHSC supported zoonosis survey efforts were organized into four main categories: (i) development of field assays for animal disease survei ... | 2011 | 22128834 |
| serosurvey for zoonotic viral and bacterial pathogens among slaughtered livestock in egypt. | zoonotic diseases are an important cause of human morbidity and mortality. animal populations at locations with high risk of transmission of zoonotic pathogens offer an opportunity to study viral and bacterial pathogens of veterinary and public health concern. | 2014 | 25198525 |
| phlebovirus infection in greece: a case report. | sandfly-transmitted phleboviruses cause to humans an asymptomatic or mild infection to severe meningitis or encephalitis. phleovirus infections are common in the mediterranean countries during the summertime when sandflies are active. it is estimated that several cases remain undiagnosed. | 0 | 27418773 |
| severe encephalitis caused by toscana virus, greece. | | 0 | 25061909 |
| complete coding sequences of three toscana virus strains isolated from sandflies in france. | toscana virus (tosv) is an arthropod-borne virus belonging to the sandfly fever naples virus species within the genus phlebovirus. we report here the complete coding sequences of three tosv strains belonging to lineage b and isolated from sandflies trapped in the southeast of france between 2009 and 2013. | 2016 | 26868387 |
| characterization of the sandfly fever naples species complex and description of a new karimabad species complex (genus phlebovirus, family bunyaviridae). | genomic and antigenic characterization of members of the sandfly fever naples virus (sfnv) complex reveals the presence of five clades that differ in their geographical distribution. saint floris and gordil viruses, both found in africa, form one clade; punique, granada and massilia viruses, all isolated in the western mediterranean, constitute a second; toscana virus, a third; sfnv isolates from italy, cyprus, egypt and india form a fourth; while tehran virus and a serbian isolate yu 8/76, repr ... | 2013 | 24096318 |
| phleboviruses and the type i interferon response. | the genus phlebovirus of the family bunyaviridae contains a number of emerging virus species which pose a threat to both human and animal health. most prominent members include rift valley fever virus (rvfv), sandfly fever naples virus (sfnv), sandfly fever sicilian virus (sfsv), toscana virus (tosv), punta toro virus (ptv), and the two new members severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) and heartland virus (hrtv). the nonstructural protein nss is well established as the main p ... | 2016 | 27338447 |
| viral isolates of a novel putative phlebovirus in the marche region of italy. | thirty pools from 900 (540 females and 360 males) phlebotomus perfiliewi sandflies collected during the summer of 2012 in the fermo area (marche region, central italy) were tested for the presence of phleboviruses. a nested polymerase chain reaction was performed using degenerated primers amplifying a fragment of the polymerase gene (large segment) and a fragment of the nucleoprotein gene (small segment) of the genus phlebovirus. one pool was positive for toscana virus, as expected from results ... | 2014 | 24534812 |
| presence of sandfly-borne phleboviruses of two antigenic complexes (sandfly fever naples virus and sandfly fever sicilian virus) in two different bio-geographical regions of tunisia demonstrated by a microneutralisation-based seroprevalence study in dogs. | sandfly-borne phleboviruses are present in north africa where they can infect humans in regions where leishmania infantum, the causative agent of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis in the western mediterranean basin is present affecting both humans and dogs. we investigated the capacity of dogs to be used as sentinels for sandfly-borne phleboviruses as previously shown for leishmaniasis. | 2014 | 25306250 |
| laboratory validation of the sand fly fever virus antigen assay. | sandfly fever group viruses in the genus phlebovirus (family bunyaviridae) are widely distributed across the globe and are a cause of disease in military troops and indigenous peoples. we assessed the laboratory sensitivity and specificity of the sand fly fever virus antigen assay, a rapid dipstick assay designed to detect sandfly fever naples virus (sfnv) and toscana virus (tosv) against a panel of phleboviruses. the assay detected sfnv and tosv, as well as other phleboviruses including aguacat ... | 2015 | 26675463 |
| detection of leishmania infantum and a novel phlebovirus (balkan virus) from sand flies in albania. | to organize entomological campaigns to trap sand flies in selected regions of albania and to test them for the presence of existing or new phleboviruses and for leishmania dna. | 2016 | 27788062 |
| seroprevalence of sandfly fever virus infection in military personnel on the western border of iran. | military troops deployed to endemic areas are at risk of contracting sandfly fever, an arthropod-borne viral infection. although typically a self-limited disease, sandfly fever can cause significant morbidity and loss of function among soldiers. we conducted this study to determine the extent of past sfv infection in a group of healthy iranian military personnel in ilam province on the western border of iran. a total of 201 serum samples were tested by indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa) to ... | 2017 | 27017407 |
| seroprevalence study of toscana virus and viruses belonging to the sandfly fever naples antigenic complex in central and southern italy. | sandfly fever viruses are transmitted by the bite of phlebotomine sandflies; serotypes sandfly fever naples virus, sandfly fever sicilian virus and sandfly fever cyprus virus cause febrile illness, whereas toscana virus (tosv) may cause neuroinvasive infections. although tosv is an important cause of aseptic meningitis in central and southern italy, in many cases the infection is asymptomatic, leading to underestimation of the actual spread of the virus. this serosurvey aimed to assess the serop ... | 2017 | 28237695 |
| complete coding sequences of six toscana virus strains isolated from human patients in france. | toscana virus (tosv) is an arthropod-borne phlebovirus belonging to the sandfly fever naples virus species (genus phlebovirus, family bunyaviridae). here, we report the complete coding sequences of six tosv strains isolated from human patients having acquired the infection in southeastern france during a 12-year period. | 2016 | 27231377 |
| [serological investigation of phlebovirus exposure in blood donors from the mediterranean province of mersin, turkey]. | phleboviruses are enveloped segmented rna viruses, capable of inducing febrile disease and/or meningoencephalitis in exposed individuals, according to the infecting strain, following transmission via arthropods. prototype medically-important phlebovirus strains responsible for sandfly fever are sandfly fever sicilian virus (sfsv) and sandfly fever naples virus (sfnv), where the sfsv variant sandfly fever cyprus virus (sfcv) is also detected in individuals with febrile disease. toscana virus (tos ... | 2015 | 26313281 |
| phlebovirus infections in greece. | sandfly fever viruses are endemic in the mediterranean region causing to humans asymptomatic or mild infections to severe neurological syndromes. in order to investigate the epidemiology of phlebovirus infections in greece, samples from 499 patients with acute febrile illness (50.2% accompanied by neurological symptoms) were tested during 2010-2014 by serological and molecular methods. phlebovirus infection was detected in 40 (8%) patients, 25 of them presenting acute neurological infection. mos ... | 2015 | 25733059 |
| toscana virus meningitis case in switzerland: an example of the ezvir bioinformatics pipeline utility for the identification of emerging viruses. | toscana virus (tosv) represents a frequent cause of viral meningitis in the mediterranean basin that remains neglected in neighbouring countries. we report a documented tosv meningitis case in a traveller returning from tuscany to switzerland. while routine serological and pcr assays could not discriminate between tosv and sandfly fever naples virus infection, a high-throughput sequencing performed directly on the cerebrospinal fluid specimen and analysed with the ezvir pipeline provided an uneq ... | 2015 | 25658528 |
| neuroinvasive phlebovirus infection in greece: a case report. | sandfly fever phleboviruses are endemic in mediterranean countries. we report a febrile phlebovirus case in a greek patient who presented signs of neuroinvasive infection. | 2014 | 25378100 |
| direct evidence for an expanded circulation area of the recently identified balkan virus (sandfly fever naples virus species) in several countries of the balkan archipelago. | recently, balkan virus (balkv, family phenuiviridae, genus phlebovirus) was discovered in sand flies collected in albania and genetically characterised as a member of the sandfly fever naples species complex. to gain knowledge concerning the geographical area where exposure to balkv exists, entomological surveys were conducted in 2014 and 2015, in croatia, bosnia and herzegovina (bh), kosovo, republic of macedonia and serbia. | 2017 | 28851425 |