| abiotic factors influencing embryonic development, egg hatching, and larval orientation in the reindeer warble fly, hypoderma tarandi. | wild-caught, tethered females of the reindeer warble fly, hypoderma tarandi (l.) (= oedemagena tarandi (l.)), (diptera, oestridae) were stimulated to oviposit on hairs of a reindeer hide. newly laid eggs incubated at constant temperatures and relative humidities hatched within 3 days to 2 weeks, depending on the experimental conditions. over a range of 7-40 degrees c, hatching only occurred between 20 and 37 degrees c. eggs held at 100% relative humidity had lower hatchability and longer time to ... | 1992 | 1463901 |
| cutaneous myiasis. recent advances in biology, immunology and improvements of the control measures. | the evolution of the main topics of study related to the biology, the life-cycle and the distribution of insects causing cutaneous myiasis during the last century is presented. these subjects are still of interest and a synopsis of new data concerning hypoderma tarandi, h. diana and prezhevalskiana silenus is reported as well as the changes of distribution of some species such as cochliomyia hominivorax. in the second part, an over view of what has been archived on myiasis immunology is reviewed ... | 1991 | 1805677 |
| ophthalmomyiasis caused by the reindeer warble fly larva. | two boys with ophthalmomyiasis caused by the first instar larva of the reindeer warble fly hypoderma tarandi are reported. both were 9 years old and came from the coast of northern norway. one had ophthalmomyiasis interna posterior and one eye had been removed because of progressive pain and blindness. histological examination showed the remains of a fly larva. the second boy had ophthalmomyiasis externa with a tumour in the upper eyelid, and histological examination showed a warble with a well ... | 1991 | 2030144 |
| preliminary evaluation of four immunological tests for the early diagnosis of hypoderma tarandi causing hypodermosis in reindeer. | 294 serum samples from five norwegian reindeer herds were examined for antibodies against hypoderma tarandi l. the first and second larval instars of h. tarandi were tested as antigens in immunodiffusion tests, passive haemagglutination and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the latter technique, using first instar antigens, produced the best results. a significant difference (p less than 0.1%) was observed between the antibody value of naive reindeer bred in france and those from inf ... | 1990 | 2132994 |
| trapping oestrid parasites of reindeer: the response of cephenemyia trompe and hypoderma tarandi to baited traps. | at 340-360 km north of the arctic circle in norway, hypoderma tarandi (l.) and cephenemyia trompe (modeer) females were caught in baited traps from 10 july to 21 august. during three summers, adverse climatic conditions inhibited flight activity of these oestrids on 56-68% of the days. flies were not caught prior to or after these dates, nor at winds above 8 m/s, temperatures below 10 degrees c, light intensities below 20,000 lux, or during periods of rain or snow. co2-baited insect flight traps ... | 1996 | 8994135 |
| trapping oestrid parasites of reindeer: the relative age, fat body content and gonotrophic conditions of cephenemyia trompe and hypoderma tarandi females caught in baited traps. | dissection of flies caught in northern norway revealed that only mated, gravid females of h.tarandi (l.) and larviparous c.trompe (modeer) were caught in host-mimicking co2-baited traps. trapped females had the same gonotrophic and fat body (fb) conditions as females caught on and around reindeer. most trapped females of both species were of middle to old age, having only one-half to no fb reserves left and only a few to moderate numbers of eggs or larvae remaining. most young females trapped al ... | 1996 | 8994136 |
| larvicidal effectiveness of doramectin against natural warble (hypoderma tarandi) and throat bot (cephenemyia trompe) infections in reindeer. | | 1996 | 8994144 |
| moxidectin as an endectocide in reindeer. | during the winter 1991-92, 42 reindeer hinds of the kaamanen experimental reindeer herd in finnish lapland, naturally infected with various parasites, were allocated to 3 groups. one group was an untreated control group and the other 2 groups received either moxidectin or ivermectin at a dose of 200 micrograms kg-1 subcutaneously. the efficacy of treatment was followed with monthly faecal examinations for nematode eggs and counting of warbles, hypoderma tarandi larvae, and throat bots, cephenemy ... | 1998 | 9926462 |
| species identification of hypoderma affecting domestic and wild ruminants by morphological and molecular characterization. | cuticular structures and the sequence of the cytochrome oxidase i gene were compared for hypoderma bovis (linnaeus), hypoderma lineatum (de villers), hypoderma actaeon brauer, hypoderma diana brauer and hypoderma tarandi (linnaeus) (diptera, oestridae). third-stage larvae of each species were examined by scanning electron microscopy revealing differences among species in the pattern and morphology of spines on the cephalic and thoracic segments, by spine patterns on the tenth abdominal segment, ... | 2003 | 12941017 |
| [myiasis caused by oestridae: serological and molecular diagnosis]. | myiasis-causing oestridae (bot flies) infect several animal species world-wide, from palaearctic to subtropical/tropical areas. oestrids affect livestock production causing abortion, reduced milk production, losses in weight and fertility, poor hide quality and an impairment of the host's immune system. in the last few years much research has been carried out on the immunology of these infestations, in order to acquire efficient and reliable diagnostic serological tools; the genome of the differ ... | 2004 | 15305710 |
| dynamics of antibodies against hypodermin c in reindeer infested with the reindeer warble fly, hypoderma tarandi. | serum samples from 25 reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus) were assayed for antibody against hypodermin c (hyc) using an elisa. nineteen animals were calves (born in 1998, 1999 or 2001) and six were adults (3-10 years old at first blood collection). the samples were collected over periods of 4 months (calves born in 2001) or 27 months (adults and calves born in 1998 and 1999), the latter encompassing three hypoderma tarandi infestation seasons. the calves received antibodies against hyc from th ... | 2005 | 15845288 |
| reindeer warble fly larvae (hypoderma tarandi) in a moose (alces alces) in sweden. | | 2005 | 16108218 |
| oral myiasis in a child by the reindeer warble fly larva hypoderma tarandi. | we describe a case of human oral myiasis by a first-stage larva of the reindeer warble fly, hypoderma (oedemagena) tarandi (l.) (diptera: oestridae), in a 12-year-old girl. in september the patient complained of erythema, swelling and conjunctivitis of the right eyelid. symptoms subsided spontaneously but re-occurred in october. in december she presented with acute swelling of the right corner of the mouth. later that day a living larva protruded from this swelling. the patient had been on vacat ... | 2006 | 17044887 |
| fatal inanition in reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus): pathological findings in completely emaciated carcasses. | in a project to determine the causes of winter mortality in reindeer in finnmark county, northern norway, the most frequent diagnosis turned out to be complete emaciation, despite several of the reindeer having been given silage for up to 4 weeks before they died. the present paper describes autopsy results and other findings in these animals. | 2007 | 17903247 |
| human ophthalmomyiasis interna caused by hypoderma tarandi, northern canada. | human myiasis caused by bot flies of nonhuman animals is rare but may be increasing. the treatment of choice is laser photocoagulation or vitrectomy with larva removal and intraocular steroids. ophthalmomyiasis caused by hypoderma spp. should be recognized as a potentially reversible cause of vision loss. | 2008 | 18258079 |
| is there a cost of parasites to caribou? | summary: macroparasites potentially play a significant but often ignored role in the ecology and dynamics of wild ruminant populations. in the arctic, parasites may impact on host populations by exacerbating the effects of seasonal and limited forage availability on the condition, fecundity and survival of individuals. we studied the effects of abomasal nematode parasites and warble flies, hypoderma tarandi, on condition and pregnancy of caribou rangifer tarandus in the dolphin-union herd, nunav ... | 2009 | 19102793 |
| bovine hypodermosis--a global aspect. | cattle hypodermosis (warble fly infestation) is a notorious veterinary problem throughout the world. larvae of hypoderma species cause a subcutaneous myiasis of domesticated and wild ruminants. this disease is caused by, hypoderma bovis, hypoderma lineatum in cattle whereas, hypoderma diana, hypoderma actaeon, and hypoderma tarandi, affect roe deer, red deer, and reindeer, respectively. adults of the cattle grub are commonly known as heel flies, warble flies, bomb flies or gad flies. the biology ... | 2010 | 20607401 |
| analysis of a mitochondrial noncoding region for the identification of the most diffused hypoderma species (diptera, oestridae). | hypoderma spp. larvae cause internal myiasis in domestic and wild animals characterized by subcutaneous warbles. their differentiation is usually performed at species level based on the morphology of third stage larvae. the recent release of the whole mtdna of hypoderma lineatum and the retrieval of a 102 bp noncoding region occurring between trna(ser) and nadh dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nd1) genes represented the foundation for this study. the noncoding region and the two flanking mitochondrial g ... | 2010 | 20638183 |
| meat inspection of reindeer - a rich source of data for monitoring food safety and animal and environmental health in sweden. | background: this study scrutinized carcass conditions recorded in post mortem inspections (pmi) of reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus, l.) during 2015-2016 because of the importance for monitoring food safety and animal and environmental health threats. material and methods: pmi results were retrieved from the national food agency. a negative binomial regression model was applied. for actual parameters, incident risk rate (irr) with confidence intervals was calculated. results and discussion: ... | 2017 | 28811870 |
| human myiasis caused by the reindeer warble fly, hypoderma tarandi, case series from norway, 2011 to 2016. | hypoderma tarandi causes myiasis in reindeer and caribou (rangifer tarandus spp.) in most northern hemisphere regions where these animals live. we report a series of 39 human myiasis cases caused by h. tarandi in norway from 2011 to 2016. thirty-two were residents of finnmark, the northernmost county of norway, one a visitor to finnmark, and six lived in other counties of norway where reindeer live. clinical manifestations involved migratory dermal swellings of the face and head, enlargement of ... | 2017 | 28749332 |
| [the first case of hypoderma tarandi-associated human myiasis in greenland]. | we present the first case of human myiasis in greenland caused by the warble fly hypoderma tarandi. noticing a persisting, migrating, stinging facial sensation, a female patient eventually extirpated a larva from her upper eyelid, and the larva was confirmed to species level using dna-based methods. a high prevalence of h. tarandi in reindeer, the main reservoir host, and increasing populations of musk ox may imply an increased risk of zoonotic transmission. although diagnosis is challenging, ra ... | 2016 | 26750192 |
| confirming hypoderma tarandi (diptera: oestridae) human ophthalmomyiasis by larval dna barcoding. | dna barcoding is a practical tool for species identification, when morphological classification of an organism is difficult. herein we describe the utilisation of this technique in a case of ophthalmomyiasis interna. a 12-year-old boy was infested during a summer holiday in northern norway, while visiting an area populated with reindeer. following medical examination, a diptera larva was surgically removed from the boy's eye and tentatively identified from its morphological traits as hypoderma t ... | 2014 | 24827102 |
| warble infestations by hypoderma tarandi (diptera; oestridae) recorded for the first time in west greenland muskoxen. | in the northern hemisphere, caribou (rangifer spp.) populations are known to be infested with the skin-penetrating ectoparasite, hypoderma tarandi (diptera; oestridae). although regarded as host specific, h. tarandi has been reported from other species, and has become of increasing concern as a zoonosis infecting humans. in february 2012, concurrent with the hunting of muskoxen, we examined carcasses for muscle and tissue parasites, and recorded warble larvae infestations. dna extracted from sam ... | 2013 | 24533338 |
| infestation by hypoderma tarandi in reindeer calves from northern finland--prevalence and risk factors. | serum samples from 953 reindeer (rangifer t. tarandus) calves-of-the-year from 21 reindeer herding co-operatives in finland in slaughter season 2006/2007 were assayed for antibodies against hypodermin c by an elisa detecting igg. data on presence of hypoderma tarandi larvae on 12,327 reindeer hides from 17 of the 21 herding co-operatives in slaughter season 2005/2006 were included for support. elisa showed a seroprevalence of 60.9%, with no significant difference between females and males, and i ... | 2014 | 24412359 |
| reindeer warble fly-associated human myiasis, scandinavia. | | 2013 | 23697827 |